492:. Elders are generally seen as responsible for the spiritual welfare of the congregation, while deacons are seen as responsible for the non-spiritual needs of the church. Deacons serve under the supervision of the elders, and are often assigned to direct specific ministries. Successful service as a deacon is often seen as preparation for the eldership. Elders and deacons are chosen by the congregation based on the qualifications found in Timothy 3 and Titus 1. Congregations look for elders who have a mature enough understanding of scripture to enable them to supervise the minister and to teach, as well as to perform governance functions. In lieu of willing men who meet these qualifications, congregations are sometimes overseen by an unelected committee of the congregation's men.
567:
310:
615:
Churches of Christ from the beginning have maintained no formal organization structures larger than the local congregations and no official journals or vehicles declaring sanctioned positions. Consensus views do, however, often emerge through the influence of opinion leaders who express themselves in
512:
ministerial authority" and led to conflict between the minister and the elders, the eldership has remained the "ultimate locus of authority in the congregation". There is a small group within the
Churches of Christ which oppose a single preacher and, instead, rotate preaching duties among qualified
410:
hold that no denominational or ecclesiastical organization has inherent authority over an individual
Baptist church. Churches can properly relate to each other under this polity only through voluntary cooperation, never by any sort of coercion. Furthermore, this Baptist polity calls for freedom from
264:
movements. In congregational government, the covenanted congregation exists prior to its officers, and as such the members are equipped to call and dismiss their ministers without oversight from any higher ecclesiastical body. Their churches ordinarily have at least one pastor, but may also install
437:
educational institutions may be supported generously or not at all, depending entirely upon the local congregation's customs and predilections. Usually doctrinal conformity is held as a first consideration when a church makes a decision to grant or decline financial contributions to such agencies,
476:
purposefully have no central headquarters, councils, or other organizational structure above the local church level. Rather, the independent congregations are a network with each congregation participating at its own discretion in various means of service and fellowship with other congregations.
222:(formerly the Northern Baptist Convention). These conventions generally provide stronger ties between congregations, including some doctrinal direction and pooling of financial resources. Congregations that belong to associations and conventions are still independently governed. Most
201:
describes a form of church governance that is based on the local congregation. Each local congregation is independent and self-supporting, governed by its own members. Some band into loose voluntary associations with other congregations that share similar beliefs (e.g., the
162:
churches, which are often congregationalist in their governance. Although autonomous, like minded congregations may enter into voluntary associations with other congregations, sometimes called conventions, denominations, or associations.
630:
wrote, "Churches of Christ adhere to a strict congregationalism that cooperates in various projects overseen by one congregation or organized as parachurch enterprises, but many congregations hold themselves apart from such cooperative
453:
congregations, by contrast, generally relate more closely to external groups such as mission agencies and educational institutions than do those of independent persuasion. However, they adhere to a very similar
507:
became the norm among
Churches of Christ. Ministers are understood to serve under the oversight of the elders. While the presence of a long-term professional minister has sometimes created "significant
1469:
19:
This article is about the form of church organization in which each congregation governs itself. For the family of
Protestant churches characterized by and named for this form of governance, see
1047:
1462:
285:
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which are legally external and separate from the congregations they serve. These practices also find currency among non-denominational fundamentalist or
181:
Congregationalism is not limited only to organization of
Christian church congregations. The principles of congregationalism have been inherited by the
293:
1651:
289:
1526:
83:
2124:
488:(also known in some congregations as shepherds, bishops, or pastors) who are sometimes assisted in the administration of various works by
1421:
1720:
1067:
2114:
1633:
374:
1796:
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elders (this group tends to overlap with groups which oppose Sunday School and also have only one cup to serve the Lord's Supper).
346:
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178:
in which higher assemblies of congregational representatives can exercise considerable authority over individual congregations.
467:
450:
327:
230:", because they "believe that there is no church other than the local church, and denominations are in variance to Scripture."
215:
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182:
24:
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churches have no formal organizational structure above the level of the local congregation. More generally among
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159:
69:
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2215:
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585:
517:
446:
211:
2236:
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1962:
1840:
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186:
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rather than "located
Preachers", during the 20th century a long-term, formally trained congregational
2073:
1901:
1600:
1158:; Blowers, Paul M.; Dunnavant, Anthony L.; Williams, D. Newell, eds. (2004a). "Churches of Christ".
2195:
2078:
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439:
367:
1447:
1415:
590:
504:
430:
320:
281:
143:
2175:
2088:
1828:
1811:
1669:
1516:
1242:
Hughes, Richard T. (2005). "Churches of Christ". In Hill, Samuel S.; Lippy, Charles H. (eds.).
806:
528:" and that every member has a gift and a role to play in accomplishing the work of the church.
261:
227:
151:
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are organized along congregationalist lines. Many do not see these voluntary associations as "
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2083:
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1610:
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1438:
112:
108:
33:
1432:
2043:
1957:
1936:
1916:
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Statements of polity in the congregational tradition called "platforms". These include the
1180:; Blowers, Paul M.; Dunnavant, Anthony L.; Williams, D. Newell, eds. (2004b). "Ministry".
8:
2068:
1886:
1876:
1511:
1506:
1276:
How to Be a
Perfect Stranger: A Guide to Etiquette in Other People's Religious Ceremonies
572:
442:
fellowships, many of which derive from
Baptist origins, culturally if not theologically.
422:
175:
158:
movement of the 17th century. More recent generations have witnessed a growing number of
52:
2109:
1996:
1969:
1891:
1881:
1816:
1628:
878:
473:
273:
120:
719:
458:, refusing to permit outside control or oversight of the affairs of the local church.
296:. Denominations in the tradition support but do not govern their constituent members.
1911:
1906:
1661:
1643:
1595:
1521:
1387:
1368:
1340:
1321:
1313:
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1247:
1204:
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1109:
1091:
1059:
1031:
1016:
997:
990:
552:
485:
412:
277:
269:
247:
20:
520:. No special titles are used for preachers or ministers that would identify them as
477:
Churches of Christ are linked by their shared commitment to restoration principles.
411:
governmental control. Exceptions to this local form of local governance include the
2159:
2053:
1926:
1105:
1083:
1043:
627:
540:
416:
167:
42:
774:
524:. Churches of Christ emphasize that there is no distinction between "clergy" and "
2205:
2200:
2149:
1979:
1861:
1845:
1835:
1801:
1674:
1559:
1136:
A Leading
Question: The Structure and Authority of Leadership in the Local Church
868:
866:
864:
862:
860:
1320:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. pp. 297–299.
1116:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. pp. 206–209.
2190:
2063:
1974:
1620:
1577:
1237:(rev. 4th ed.). West Monroe, Louisiana: Central Printers & Publishers.
434:
47:
1162:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. pp. 212ff.
937:
913:
857:
2230:
2210:
2022:
1410:
1063:
726:
616:
journals, at lectureships, or at area preacher meetings and other gatherings.
253:
131:
1425:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 928–937.
2185:
2180:
2058:
2012:
1989:
1984:
1786:
1246:(2nd ed.). Macon, Georgia: Mercer University Press. pp. 209–215.
1230:
1218:
1201:
The Stone-Campbell
Movement: The Story of the American Restoration Movement
455:
1921:
1536:
1143:
1131:
124:
1431:
1414:
1384:
The Church of Christ: The Distinctive Nature of the New Testament Church
841:
472:
Ecclesiastical government is congregational rather than denominational.
2017:
1952:
1931:
1896:
1316:; Blowers, Paul M.; Dunnavant, Anthony L.; Williams, D. Newell (eds.).
1269:(rev. ed.). Springfield, Michigan: Logion Press. pp. 567–596.
1112:; Blowers, Paul M.; Dunnavant, Anthony L.; Williams, D. Newell (eds.).
1038:(rev. ed.). Springfield, Michigan: Logion Press. pp. 525–566.
813:. Nashville, Tennessee: Woodson Chapel Church of Christ. Archived from
334: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1730:
1712:
536:
1223:
Electronic Systematic Theology: An Introduction to Biblical Doctrine
309:
1493:
1442:. Vol. 4. New York: Robert Appleton Company. pp. 239–241.
814:
580:
500:
426:
407:
257:
135:
116:
1477:
1278:. Vol. 1. Kelowna, British Columbia: Northstone Publishing.
801:
799:
797:
566:
155:
1176:
1154:
919:
872:
744:
732:
555:
theology but adopts congregationalist polity as a distinctive.
521:
489:
238:
These Christian traditions use forms of congregational polity.
171:
1184:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.
794:
811:"Who Are the Churches of Christ and What Do They Believe in?"
525:
829:
280:. Denominations in the congregational tradition include the
134:
Christian traditions that employ congregationalism include
1225:. Whitefish, Montana: Bits & Bytes Computer Resources.
1148:
Tracks and Traces: Baptist Identity in Church and Theology
1030:
Dusing, Michael L. (2007). "The New Testament Church". In
1261:
Klaus, Byron D. (2007). "The Mission of the Church". In
925:
903:
901:
1088:
The Church of Christ: A Biblical Ecclesiology for Today
1090:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing.
965:
953:
762:
718:. Baptist History and Heritage Society. Archived from
898:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
1274:
Magida, Arthur J.; Matlins, Stuart M., eds. (1999).
653:
651:
562:
1015:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
989:
663:
531:
1386:. Nashville, Tennessee: Gospel Advocate Company.
1312:Morgan, Peter M. (2004). "Elders, Eldership". In
648:
2228:
1652:Conservative Congregational Christian Conference
1358:. Cincinnati, Ohio: Standard Publishing Company.
115:is independent, ecclesiastically sovereign, or "
1527:General Association of Regular Baptist Churches
1318:The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement
1295:Timetables of History for Students of Methodism
1182:The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement
1160:The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement
1114:The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement
610:The Encyclopedia of the Stone-Campbell Movement
1479:Evangelical Protestantism in the United States
1463:
1337:The Complete Guide to Christian Denominations
1273:
943:
835:
752:
77:
1339:. Eugene, Oregon: Harvest House Publishers.
119:". Its first articulation in writing is the
1517:Conservative Baptist Association of America
992:The Unauthorized Guide to Choosing a Church
210:). Others join "conventions", such as the
1721:Christian Reformed Church in North America
1470:
1456:
480:Congregations are generally overseen by a
241:
233:
84:
70:
2125:Evangelical and Ecumenical Women's Caucus
2115:Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood
1634:Christian Churches and Churches of Christ
394:Learn how and when to remove this message
1429:
1409:
1297:. Nashville, Tennessee: Abingdon Press.
1292:
1104:
1082:
1042:
996:. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Brazos Press.
971:
888:
884:
780:
768:
166:Congregationalism is distinguished from
1792:Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy
1381:
1353:
1198:
1150:. Carlisle, England: Paternoster Press.
947:
931:
788:
2229:
1334:
1311:
1241:
1229:
1217:
1142:
1130:
1108:(2004). "Church, Doctrine of the". In
1029:
1013:Christian Law: Contemporary Principles
907:
892:
851:
847:
784:
756:
748:
713:
468:Sponsoring church (Churches of Christ)
170:which is governance by a hierarchy of
1451:
1362:
1260:
1244:Encyclopedia of Religion in the South
987:
959:
682:
547:left their mother church to form the
461:
2140:National Association of Evangelicals
1797:Fundamentalist–modernist controversy
1591:Church of God (Cleveland, Tennessee)
1550:Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod
332:adding citations to reliable sources
303:
154:Reformed wing of the Anglo-American
1367:. Austin, Texas: Sweet Publishing.
1203:. Joplin, Missouri: College Press.
1010:
657:
299:
150:name and having descended from the
13:
1402:
805:
208:Unitarian Universalist Association
183:Unitarian Universalist Association
25:Congregationalism (disambiguation)
14:
2263:
1703:Christian and Missionary Alliance
1685:Church of God (Anderson, Indiana)
545:Methodist Episcopal Church, South
2110:Christianity Today International
1757:Association of Vineyard Churches
1545:Lutheran Church – Missouri Synod
1436:. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
1048:"Authority and Tenure of Elders"
565:
308:
2145:National Religious Broadcasters
1138:. London: Baptist Publications.
980:
714:Pinson, William M. Jr. (2005).
549:Congregational Methodist Church
532:Congregational Methodist Church
516:Churches of Christ hold to the
319:needs additional citations for
140:Congregational Methodist Church
16:Local form of church government
2120:Evangelical Climate Initiative
1568:Presbyterian Church in America
707:
688:
621:
602:
1:
2094:Transformational Christianity
1235:What Is the Church of Christ?
637:
499:had a tradition of itinerant
220:American Baptist Churches USA
192:
2039:Apostolic-Prophetic Movement
1867:Baptism with the Holy Spirit
1739:Seventh-day Adventist Church
988:Berry, Carmen Renee (2003).
642:
256:tradition with roots in the
174:, and is also distinct from
7:
2130:Fuller Theological Seminary
1606:Pentecostal Holiness Church
1502:Southern Baptist Convention
1430:Loughlin, James F. (1908).
1382:Wharton, Edward C. (1997).
1363:Sweet, R. B. (2003) .
1293:Matthews, Rex Dale (2007).
586:United and uniting churches
558:
518:priesthood of all believers
224:non-denominational churches
216:National Baptist Convention
212:Southern Baptist Convention
10:
2268:
2155:World Vision United States
1963:Contemporary worship music
1841:Los Angeles Crusade (1949)
1762:Calvary Chapel Association
716:"Trends in Baptist Polity"
465:
245:
187:Canadian Unitarian Council
18:
2168:
2102:
2074:New Apostolic Reformation
2031:
2005:
1945:
1902:Christianity and abortion
1854:
1774:
1747:
1729:
1711:
1693:
1660:
1642:
1619:
1601:Pentecostal Church of God
1576:
1558:
1535:
1492:
1485:
1433:"Congregationalism"
1416:"Congregationalism"
944:Magida & Matlins 1999
836:Magida & Matlins 1999
753:Magida & Matlins 1999
2196:Charles Grandison Finney
2079:Neo-charismatic movement
2049:Christian fundamentalism
1749:Nondenominational Family
1644:Congregationalist Family
1365:Now That I'm a Christian
1356:Studies for New Converts
596:
204:Willow Creek Association
101:congregationalist polity
2252:Ecclesiastical polities
1422:Encyclopædia Britannica
1354:Roberts, Price (1979).
1199:Garrett, Leroy (2002).
807:Baxter, Batsell Barrett
591:English Presbyterianism
539:who disagreed with the
343:"Congregational polity"
252:Congregationalism is a
242:Congregational churches
234:Denominational families
144:Congregational churches
2176:Aimee Semple McPherson
2089:Seven Mountain Mandate
1829:Fourth Great Awakening
1812:Second Great Awakening
1670:Church of the Nazarene
850:, pp. 47, 54–55;
703:. London. 1652 . VI.1.
697:The Cambridge Platform
618:
23:. For other uses, see
2242:Christian terminology
2135:Moody Bible Institute
2084:Red-Letter Christians
1824:Third Great Awakening
1807:First Great Awakening
1680:Free Methodist Church
1621:Restorationist Family
1611:Apostolic Pentecostal
1586:Assemblies of God USA
1439:Catholic Encyclopedia
1052:Restoration Quarterly
891:, pp. 323, 335;
613:
199:congregational polity
113:church (congregation)
111:in which every local
109:ecclesiastical polity
97:Congregational polity
34:Ecclesiastical polity
2044:Bapticostal movement
1958:Contemporary worship
1937:Second work of grace
1917:Evangelical theology
1782:Azusa Street Revival
1335:Rhodes, Ron (2005).
1011:Doe, Norman (2013).
497:Restoration Movement
328:improve this article
2247:Church organization
2069:Post-evangelicalism
1887:Biblical patriarchy
1877:Biblical literalism
1560:Presbyterian Family
1512:Missionary Baptists
1507:Independent Baptist
1267:Systematic Theology
1036:Systematic Theology
950:, pp. 112–113.
920:Foster et al. 2004b
873:Foster et al. 2004b
745:Foster et al. 2004a
733:Foster et al. 2004a
722:on 13 October 2007.
573:Christianity portal
423:Independent Baptist
176:presbyterian polity
1892:Biblical womanhood
1882:Biblical inerrancy
1817:Cane Ridge Revival
1629:Churches of Christ
1578:Pentecostal Family
1314:Foster, Douglas A.
1263:Horton, Stanley M.
1231:Howard, V. E.
1178:Foster, Douglas A.
1156:Foster, Douglas A.
1110:Foster, Douglas A.
1032:Horton, Stanley M.
474:Churches of Christ
462:Churches of Christ
413:Episcopal Baptists
274:Cambridge Platform
121:Cambridge Platform
2237:Congregationalism
2224:
2223:
1912:Decision theology
1907:Christian Zionism
1872:Believers' Church
1770:
1769:
1695:Keswickian Family
1596:Foursquare Church
1522:Free Will Baptist
1393:978-0-89225-464-4
1374:978-0-8344-0129-7
1346:978-0-7369-1289-1
1327:978-0-8028-3898-8
1304:978-0-687-33387-5
1285:978-1-896836-28-7
1253:978-0-86554-758-2
1210:978-0-89900-909-4
1191:978-0-8028-3898-8
1169:978-0-8028-3898-8
1123:978-0-8028-3898-8
1106:Ferguson, Everett
1097:978-0-8028-4189-6
1084:Ferguson, Everett
1044:Ferguson, Everett
1022:978-1-107-00692-8
1003:978-1-58743-036-7
962:, pp. 38–40.
934:, pp. 53–56.
895:, pp. 48–53.
553:Wesleyan-Arminian
404:
403:
396:
378:
278:Saybrook Platform
272:'s platform, the
248:Congregationalism
160:nondenominational
148:Congregationalist
107:, is a system of
105:congregationalism
103:, often known as
94:
93:
21:Congregationalism
2259:
2216:Jonathan Edwards
2160:Youth for Christ
2054:Evangelical left
1927:Kingdom theology
1731:Adventist Family
1490:
1489:
1472:
1465:
1458:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1435:
1426:
1418:
1397:
1378:
1359:
1350:
1331:
1308:
1289:
1270:
1257:
1238:
1226:
1214:
1195:
1173:
1151:
1139:
1127:
1101:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1066:. Archived from
1039:
1026:
1007:
995:
975:
969:
963:
957:
951:
941:
935:
929:
923:
917:
911:
905:
896:
882:
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870:
855:
845:
839:
833:
827:
826:
824:
822:
803:
792:
778:
772:
766:
760:
742:
736:
730:
724:
723:
711:
705:
704:
702:
692:
686:
680:
661:
655:
632:
628:Everett Ferguson
625:
619:
606:
575:
570:
569:
551:, which retains
541:episcopal polity
495:While the early
451:National Baptist
447:Southern Baptist
417:episcopal system
399:
392:
388:
385:
379:
377:
336:
312:
304:
300:Baptist churches
270:Savoy Confession
168:episcopal polity
86:
79:
72:
30:
29:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2227:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2206:Franklin Graham
2201:Dwight L. Moody
2164:
2150:Promise Keepers
2098:
2027:
2001:
1997:Sinner's prayer
1980:Revival meeting
1970:Mourner's bench
1941:
1862:Baptism by fire
1850:
1846:Revival of 1800
1836:Healing revival
1802:Great Awakening
1766:
1743:
1725:
1713:Reformed Family
1707:
1689:
1675:Wesleyan Church
1662:Holiness Family
1656:
1638:
1615:
1572:
1554:
1537:Lutheran Family
1531:
1481:
1476:
1446:
1405:
1403:Further reading
1400:
1394:
1375:
1347:
1328:
1305:
1286:
1254:
1211:
1192:
1170:
1124:
1098:
1073:
1071:
1023:
1004:
983:
978:
970:
966:
958:
954:
946:, p. 106;
942:
938:
930:
926:
918:
914:
906:
899:
883:
879:
871:
858:
846:
842:
834:
830:
820:
818:
817:on 16 June 2006
804:
795:
787:, p. 124;
783:, p. 206;
779:
775:
767:
763:
755:, p. 103;
751:, p. 214;
747:, p. 213;
743:
739:
731:
727:
712:
708:
700:
694:
693:
689:
681:
664:
656:
649:
645:
640:
635:
626:
622:
607:
603:
599:
571:
564:
561:
534:
470:
464:
429:, a variety of
400:
389:
383:
380:
337:
335:
325:
313:
302:
265:ruling elders.
250:
244:
236:
195:
90:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2265:
2255:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2191:C. I. Scofield
2188:
2183:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2064:Jesus movement
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2035:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2009:
2007:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1993:
1992:
1987:
1977:
1975:Prayer warrior
1972:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1955:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1809:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1759:
1753:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1735:
1733:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1717:
1715:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1699:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1666:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1648:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1625:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1564:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1541:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1494:Baptist Family
1487:
1483:
1482:
1475:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1452:
1445:
1444:
1427:
1413:, ed. (1911).
1411:Chisholm, Hugh
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1392:
1379:
1373:
1360:
1351:
1345:
1332:
1326:
1309:
1303:
1290:
1284:
1271:
1258:
1252:
1239:
1227:
1215:
1209:
1196:
1190:
1174:
1168:
1152:
1140:
1128:
1122:
1102:
1096:
1080:
1070:on 16 May 2008
1058:(3): 142–150.
1040:
1027:
1021:
1008:
1002:
984:
982:
979:
977:
976:
964:
952:
936:
924:
922:, p. 532.
912:
910:, p. 298.
897:
877:
875:, p. 531.
856:
854:, p. 124.
840:
838:, p. 106.
828:
793:
791:, p. 449.
773:
771:, p. 206.
761:
759:, p. 124.
737:
735:, p. 213.
725:
706:
687:
662:
660:, p. 118.
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
633:
620:
600:
598:
595:
594:
593:
588:
583:
577:
576:
560:
557:
533:
530:
463:
460:
402:
401:
316:
314:
307:
301:
298:
243:
240:
235:
232:
194:
191:
138:churches, the
92:
91:
89:
88:
81:
74:
66:
63:
62:
61:
60:
58:Congregational
55:
50:
45:
37:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2264:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2211:Jerry Falwell
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:Major figures
2167:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2023:Televangelism
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1722:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1641:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1473:
1468:
1466:
1461:
1459:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1441:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1417:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1395:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1357:
1352:
1348:
1342:
1338:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1310:
1306:
1300:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1219:Grudem, Wayne
1216:
1212:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1018:
1014:
1009:
1005:
999:
994:
993:
986:
985:
974:, p. 95.
973:
972:Matthews 2007
968:
961:
956:
949:
945:
940:
933:
928:
921:
916:
909:
904:
902:
894:
890:
889:Ferguson 1996
886:
885:Ferguson 1975
881:
874:
869:
867:
865:
863:
861:
853:
849:
844:
837:
832:
816:
812:
808:
802:
800:
798:
790:
786:
782:
781:Ferguson 2004
777:
770:
769:Ferguson 2004
765:
758:
754:
750:
746:
741:
734:
729:
721:
717:
710:
699:
698:
691:
685:, p. 49.
684:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
659:
654:
652:
647:
629:
624:
617:
611:
608:According to
605:
601:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
578:
574:
568:
563:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
529:
527:
523:
519:
514:
511:
506:
502:
498:
493:
491:
487:
483:
478:
475:
469:
459:
457:
452:
448:
443:
441:
436:
433:agencies and
432:
428:
424:
420:
418:
415:that have an
414:
409:
398:
395:
387:
376:
373:
369:
366:
362:
359:
355:
352:
348:
345: –
344:
340:
339:Find sources:
333:
329:
323:
322:
317:This section
315:
311:
306:
305:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
266:
263:
259:
255:
249:
239:
231:
229:
228:denominations
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
200:
190:
188:
184:
179:
177:
173:
169:
164:
161:
157:
153:
149:
146:known by the
145:
141:
137:
133:
128:
126:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
87:
82:
80:
75:
73:
68:
67:
65:
64:
59:
56:
54:
51:
49:
46:
44:
41:
40:
39:
38:
35:
32:
31:
26:
22:
2186:Billy Sunday
2181:Billy Graham
2103:Institutions
2059:Exvangelical
2013:Bible church
1990:Tent revival
1985:Camp meeting
1787:Black church
1437:
1420:
1383:
1364:
1355:
1336:
1317:
1294:
1275:
1266:
1243:
1234:
1222:
1200:
1181:
1159:
1147:
1144:Fiddes, Paul
1135:
1132:Fiddes, Paul
1113:
1087:
1072:. Retrieved
1068:the original
1055:
1051:
1035:
1012:
991:
981:Bibliography
967:
955:
948:Wharton 1997
939:
932:Roberts 1979
927:
915:
880:
843:
831:
819:. Retrieved
815:the original
789:Garrett 2002
776:
764:
740:
728:
720:the original
709:
696:
690:
623:
614:
609:
604:
535:
515:
509:
494:
479:
471:
456:ecclesiology
444:
421:
405:
390:
384:January 2021
381:
371:
364:
357:
350:
338:
326:Please help
321:verification
318:
267:
251:
237:
198:
196:
180:
165:
147:
129:
104:
100:
96:
95:
57:
53:Presbyterian
1922:Full Gospel
908:Morgan 2004
893:Howard 1971
852:Rhodes 2005
848:Howard 1971
785:Rhodes 2005
757:Rhodes 2005
749:Hughes 2005
440:charismatic
435:evangelical
262:Independent
152:Independent
125:New England
123:of 1648 in
48:Connexional
2231:Categories
2018:Megachurch
1953:Altar call
1932:Quiverfull
1897:Born again
960:Sweet 2003
683:Berry 2003
638:References
631:projects."
537:Methodists
466:See also:
431:parachurch
354:newspapers
276:, and the
254:Protestant
246:See also:
193:Basic form
132:Protestant
117:autonomous
2032:Movements
1946:Practices
1064:0486-5642
643:Footnotes
501:preachers
482:plurality
197:The term
43:Episcopal
1486:Churches
1233:(1971).
1221:(2000).
1146:(2003).
1134:(1986).
1086:(1996).
1046:(1975).
658:Doe 2013
581:Acephali
559:See also
510:de facto
505:minister
427:Baptists
408:Baptists
206:and the
185:and the
1855:Thought
1775:History
1265:(ed.).
1074:22 June
1034:(ed.).
821:22 June
543:of the
490:deacons
368:scholar
258:Puritan
218:or the
172:bishops
156:Puritan
136:Baptist
1390:
1371:
1343:
1324:
1301:
1282:
1250:
1207:
1188:
1166:
1120:
1094:
1062:
1019:
1000:
522:clergy
486:elders
370:
363:
356:
349:
341:
292:, and
214:, the
142:, and
130:Major
2006:Forms
701:(PDF)
597:Notes
526:laity
445:Most
406:Most
375:JSTOR
361:books
286:NACCC
99:, or
1388:ISBN
1369:ISBN
1341:ISBN
1322:ISBN
1299:ISBN
1280:ISBN
1248:ISBN
1205:ISBN
1186:ISBN
1164:ISBN
1118:ISBN
1092:ISBN
1076:2018
1060:ISSN
1017:ISBN
998:ISBN
823:2018
449:and
347:news
294:EFCC
290:CCCC
260:and
484:of
330:by
282:UCC
2233::
1419:.
1056:18
1054:.
1050:.
900:^
887:;
859:^
809:.
796:^
665:^
650:^
612::
419:.
288:,
284:,
189:.
127:.
1471:e
1464:t
1457:v
1396:.
1377:.
1349:.
1330:.
1307:.
1288:.
1256:.
1213:.
1194:.
1172:.
1126:.
1100:.
1078:.
1025:.
1006:.
825:.
397:)
391:(
386:)
382:(
372:·
365:·
358:·
351:·
324:.
85:e
78:t
71:v
27:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.