253:(FCC) published a 732-page Order on InterCarrier Compensation (ICC), including rules governing revenue sharing. Citing Section 251(b)(5) of the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the FCC mandated that terminating access rates for all calls (not just conference calls) be leveled in 2012 and 2013, then reduced in three increments over the subsequent three years until they reached $ 0 in 2017. These mostly sub-1 cent charges are replaced with an access recovery charge (ARC) that is added onto every customers' bill by their phone carriers. In other words, every phone company will get to keep the terminating access charges they had to pay out to connect each call while charging consumers more whether they make calls or not. This order has been challenged at the Federal Appeals Court by several parties.
339:
and
Verizon, they keep these access charges for their own conferencing services in addition to charging the customer for the conference service. With free conference calling, as mentioned above, there are no organizer fees so these services do not double-dip: the consumer pays for a regular call with the same three components – origination, transport, and termination – of any call. In other words, the call costs the same as any other call under the customer's calling plan, but the conferencing is included for free to the host and participants of the conference call.
445:
181:
introducing them to the parties who are on-the-line. The operators can also take additional information such as question and answer details and also enable and disable advanced conferencing features such as muting lines, muting participants and enabling a recording feature. An operator can often be summoned to conference call hosted by a service provider using a combination of keys on a users' (sometimes only the moderator) telephone keypad. The most common recall function is *0. (asterisk and the zero/operator key)
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communications industries, announced that the rebate that is payable to the telecom's supplier when an 0870 number is used would be removed. Systems were soon moved to 0844 and 0871 prefixes in order to retain the revenue sharing arrangement, this means that whilst you wouldn't pay the conference call provider directly, you would dial an expensive premium-rate number to access your conference call.
234:, which in turn fosters new kinds of interaction patterns. Live streaming or broadcasting of conference calls allows a larger audience access to the call without dialing into a bridge. In addition, organizers of conference calls can publish a dial-in number alongside the audio stream, creating potential for audience members to dial in and interact.
302:
and its associated calling instructions are displayed immediately online after being purchased and/or sent via email. Generally, prepaid conference call services are used with a landline telephone, mobile phone, or computer, and there is no need to buy additional expensive telecommunications hardware
263:
Recently in the UK, a very small number of conference call providers have begun to use 03 numbers, which are included in bundled minutes under Ofcom regulations. This has provided the option to hold conference calls without any costs whatsoever, as call are included in the minutes bundles provided by
219:
Conference calls are increasingly used in conjunction with web conferences, where presentations or documents are shared via the internet. This allows people on the call to view content such as corporate reports, sales figures and company data presented by one of the participants. The main benefit is
338:
In the case of free conference calling, the conferencing company strikes an agreement with the local phone company that hosts the conferencing bridge (equipment connecting lines) to receive a share of the terminating access charge received for connecting the call. At large carriers such as AT&T
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Flat-rate conferencing services are being offered which give unlimited access to a conference bridge at a fixed monthly cost. Because telecommunication carriers offer free long-distance bundled with local service, this alternative is gaining widespread popularity for budget conscious businesses and
189:
Businesses use conference calls daily to meet with remote parties, both internally and outside of their company. Common applications are client meetings or sales presentations, project meetings and updates, regular team meetings, training classes and communication to employees who work in different
176:
Conference calls can be designed so that the calling party calls the other participants and adds them to the call; however, participants are usually able to call into the conference call themselves by dialing a telephone number that connects to a "conference bridge," which is a specialized type of
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Here participants dial in on a premium-rate number such as a toll free number in the US. The conference is typically hosted by the party that perceives value in the call in order to justify the cost: this could be a business owner, a non-profit board member, an educator, lawyer, or expert in any
330:
Free conferencing is different from traditional conference calling in that it has no organizer fees, no human operator, and allows for multiple people to connect at no cost other than that of any other phone call (local or toll). Companies that provide free conference call services are usually
180:
Companies commonly use a specialized service provider who maintains the conference bridge, or who provides the phone numbers and PIN codes that participants dial to access the meeting or conference call. These service providers can often dial-out to participants, connecting them to call and
259:
In the United
Kingdom, the 0870 prefix was originally used by UK-based free conference calling providers in order to receive a rebate from every call from a telephone company that owns the number. However, in April 2009 Ofcom, the independent regulator and competition authority for the UK
220:
that the presenter of the document can give clear explanations about details within the document, while others simultaneously view the presentation. Care should be taken not to mix video and audio source on the same network since the video feed can cause interruptions on sound quality.
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basis where the cost of the phone calls (using 0843/0844, or 0871/0872 non-geographic revenue sharing numbers) from each of the participants covers the cost of the conference service. With this service type there is no monthly charge and usually no contracts to sign.
342:
A distinct difference between sound quality of paid and free conference calls has been noted by customers who have claimed to hear background noises when using the free conferencing services, which rarely happens on paid conference calling services.
168:'s phone number is dialed. While it is ringing, flash/recall is pressed again to connect the three people together. This option allows callers to add a second outgoing call to an already connected call.
318:
and other large to medium conferencing service providers maintain a dominant position in the conferencing niche; servicing many of the world's biggest brands. However, the
Internet and improved global
256:
As for revenue sharing, the order adds a measure for high volume call traffic which triggers an immediate terminating access charge reduction to the lowest rate of any carrier in that state.
264:
most UK network operators. There is a general trend for companies in the UK to more to 03 numbers for inbound services because these numbers are more palatable to the caller.
190:
locations. Conference calling is viewed as a primary means of cutting travel costs and allowing workers to be more productive by not having to go out-of-office for meetings.
246:. In recent years, there have been a number of different types of flexible working options as a result of conference calling technology enabling employees to work remotely.
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or add/switch long-distance service. Some services allow one to start or join a conference call from virtually any country worldwide—with appropriate telephone access.
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The UK government has changed flexible working rights since 2014, so that employees who have been working full-time for a company or organisation can lawfully request
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Prepaid conference call services allow businesses and individuals to purchase conferencing services online, and conduct conference calls on a
216:, CFO, or investor relations officer then will read the company's quarterly report. Lastly, the call is opened for questions from analysts.
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is available (usually at an extra charge) on home or office phone lines. For a three-way call, the first called party is dialed. Then the
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given field. That person then usually pays for the cost of the call. Premium conferencing can also be used for charitable fundraisers.
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208:. A standard conference call begins with a disclaimer stating that anything said in the duration of the call may be a
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to participate during the call or set up so that the called party merely listens into the call and cannot speak.
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in which someone talks to several people at the same time. The conference call may be designed to allow the
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Business conference calls are usually hosted or operator-assisted, with a variety of features.
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compensated through a revenue-sharing arrangement with the local phone company, sharing the
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networks have helped to significantly reduce the barrier of entry into this niche.
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467: – Live exchange of information among several persons remote from one another
461: – Live exchange of information among several persons remote from one another
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421:(3GPP) defined a technical specification (TS 24.147) for conferencing within the
525:"Let the Challenges Begin! USF/ICC Order under Attack as Parties Turn to Courts"
200:
to report their quarterly results. These calls usually allow for questions from
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Live web-based call management with mute/unmute, drop one/all, and dial out
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High-quality on-demand transcriptions (with 4-hour turnaround on request)
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FCC Releases
Connect America Fund Order, Reforms USF/ICC for Broadband
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Conference calls are also beginning to cross over into the world of
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546:"New Ofcom rules should soon make it cheaper to call 0870 numbers"
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433:(SDP) and the Binary Floor Control Protocol (BFCP, aka RFC4582).
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664:"8 awesome (and sometimes free) conference call services"
490:"FCC ICC/USF Reform Order Published in Federal Register"
469:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
281:
In the UK, there are conference services offered on a
440:
164:button (or recall button) is pressed and the other
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
571:"Free conference call services. What's the catch?"
359:Reservationless or operator assisted conferencing
1792:
487:
212:, and that results may vary significantly. The
714:
129:phone made specifically for conference calls.
1729:Global telecommunications regulation bodies
645:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
402:Dial-out with or without requested response
355:Premium conferencing feature sets include:
306:Large telecommunications providers such as
1765:
721:
707:
387:Customizable, "branded" greetings(unique)
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
620:
193:Conference calls are used by nearly all
120:
16:Telephone call with several participants
335:for incoming calls to a phone carrier.
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728:
177:equipment that links telephone lines.
702:
658:
656:
507:
505:
381:file access through an online account
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298:basis. Typically, a conference call
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
1806:Telephone service enhanced features
13:
653:
502:
419:3rd Generation Partnership Project
14:
1817:
598:. 4 November 2020. Archived from
251:Federal Communications Commission
1774:
1764:
1755:
1754:
1743:
1364:Free-space optical communication
443:
405:Web based screen sharing options
23:
623:"Best Conference Call Services"
488:John J. Heitmann (2011-11-29).
368:Roll-call (unique and superior)
346:
34:needs additional citations for
670:
614:
584:
563:
538:
517:
481:
237:
1:
474:
1750:Telecommunication portal
1531:Telecommunications equipment
548:. 2009-04-23. Archived from
431:Session Description Protocol
412:
272:
7:
1267:Alexander Stepanovich Popov
436:
427:Session Initiation Protocol
396:Polling and polling reports
371:Moderator/participant codes
171:
10:
1822:
971:Telecommunications history
289:
1738:
1680:
1617:
1579:Public Switched Telephone
1539:
1503:
1460:
1401:
1391:telecommunication circuit
1352:Fiber-optic communication
1335:
1097:Francis Blake (telephone)
1044:
892:Optical telecommunication
736:
210:forward-looking statement
1490:Orbital angular-momentum
927:Satellite communications
766:Communications satellite
267:
184:
1369:Molecular communication
1192:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
1021:Undersea telegraph line
756:Cable protection system
621:9to5tech (2021-04-02).
429:(SIP), SIP Events, the
423:IP Multimedia Subsystem
325:
1511:Communication protocol
1297:Charles Sumner Tainter
1112:Walter Houser Brattain
1057:Edwin Howard Armstrong
865:Information revolution
592:"What are 03 numbers?"
249:In November 2011, the
130:
1485:Polarization-division
1217:Narinder Singh Kapany
1182:Erna Schneider Hoover
1102:Jagadish Chandra Bose
1082:Alexander Graham Bell
813:online video platform
137:(sometimes called an
124:
1327:Vladimir K. Zworykin
1287:Almon Brown Strowger
1257:Charles Grafton Page
912:Prepaid mobile phone
840:Electrical telegraph
465:Conference operation
393:Q&A facilitation
139:audio teleconference
43:improve this article
1277:Johann Philipp Reis
1036:Wireless revolution
998:The Telephone Cases
855:Hydraulic telegraph
425:(IMS) based on the
314:(formerly Sprint),
198:public corporations
1475:Frequency-division
1452:Telephone exchange
1322:Charles Wheatstone
1252:Jun-ichi Nishizawa
1227:Innocenzo Manzetti
1162:Reginald Fessenden
897:Optical telegraphy
730:Telecommunications
333:termination charge
131:
1788:
1787:
1526:Store and forward
1521:Data transmission
1435:Network switching
1386:Transmission line
1232:Guglielmo Marconi
1197:Internet pioneers
1062:Mohamed M. Atalla
1031:Whistled language
602:on 24 August 2011
451:Telephones portal
408:24/7 availability
232:social networking
158:three-way calling
156:The more limited
119:
118:
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58:"Conference call"
1813:
1801:Calling features
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1777:
1768:
1767:
1758:
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1619:Notable networks
1609:Wireless network
1549:Cellular network
1541:Types of network
1516:Computer network
1403:Network topology
1317:Thomas A. Watson
1172:Oliver Heaviside
1157:Philo Farnsworth
1132:Daniel Davis Jr.
1107:Charles Bourseul
1067:John Logie Baird
776:Data compression
771:Computer network
723:
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689:
680:. Archived from
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399:Sub-conferencing
244:flexible working
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1338:
1331:
1237:Robert Metcalfe
1092:Tim Berners-Lee
1040:
860:Information Age
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377:Recording with
349:
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204:and are called
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135:conference call
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1470:Space-division
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1307:Camille Tissot
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1282:Claude Shannon
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1272:Tivadar Puskás
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1242:Antonio Meucci
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1212:Charles K. Kao
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1187:Harold Hopkins
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1087:Emile Berliner
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1026:Videotelephony
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922:Radiotelephone
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808:Internet video
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390:Broadcast mode
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206:earnings calls
202:stock analysts
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147:telephone call
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1495:Code-division
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1480:Time-division
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1406:and switching
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1370:
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1357:optical fiber
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1347:Coaxial cable
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684:on 2010-01-10
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552:on 2009-09-25
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283:pay-as-you-go
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278:non-profits.
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60: –
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54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1462:Multiplexing
1337:Transmission
1302:Nikola Tesla
1292:Henry Sutton
1247:Samuel Morse
1177:Robert Hooke
1142:Amos Dolbear
1077:John Bardeen
996:
976:Telautograph
880:Mobile phone
835:Edholm's law
818:social media
751:Broadcasting
686:. Retrieved
682:the original
672:
630:. Retrieved
626:
616:
604:. Retrieved
600:the original
595:
586:
575:. Retrieved
573:. 2019-07-11
565:
554:. Retrieved
550:the original
540:
529:. Retrieved
527:. 2011-12-11
519:
493:. Retrieved
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347:Premium-rate
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166:called party
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151:called party
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1662:NPL network
1374:Radio waves
1312:Alfred Vail
1222:Hedy Lamarr
1207:Dawon Kahng
1167:Elisha Gray
1127:Yogen Dalal
1052:Nasir Ahmed
986:Teleprinter
850:Heliographs
238:Legislation
99:August 2020
1795:Categories
1708:Antarctica
1667:Toasternet
1589:Television
1072:Paul Baran
1004:Television
988:(teletype)
981:Telegraphy
959:transistor
937:Phryctoria
907:Photophone
885:Smartphone
875:Mass media
688:2011-11-30
632:2021-04-02
577:2019-09-25
556:2010-05-17
531:2013-02-01
495:2013-02-01
475:References
228:podcasting
162:hook flash
69:newspapers
1692:Americas
1681:Locations
1652:Internet2
1413:Bandwidth
1117:Vint Cerf
1014:streaming
992:Telephone
932:Semaphore
823:streaming
678:"Civicom"
606:24 August
413:Standards
362:Host PINs
273:Flat-rate
1760:Category
1647:Internet
1637:CYCLADES
1554:Ethernet
1504:Concepts
1428:terminal
1379:wireless
1202:Bob Kahn
1045:Pioneers
870:Internet
761:Cable TV
641:cite web
514:, pg 215
437:See also
308:AT&T
172:Features
1780:Commons
1770:Outline
1723:Oceania
1642:FidoNet
1627:ARPANET
1440:circuit
1009:digital
738:History
316:Verizon
290:Prepaid
145:) is a
127:Polycom
83:scholar
1718:Europe
1688:Africa
1672:Usenet
1632:BITNET
1569:Mobile
1445:packet
954:MOSFET
949:device
746:Beacon
666:. CIO.
627:Medium
312:Embarq
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1701:South
1696:North
1657:JANET
1594:Telex
1584:Radio
1423:Nodes
1418:Links
1339:media
917:Radio
902:Pager
830:Drums
796:video
791:image
781:audio
596:Ofcom
268:Costs
185:Usage
90:JSTOR
76:books
1713:Asia
1599:UUCP
1559:ISDN
647:link
608:2015
417:The
379:.wav
326:Free
320:VoIP
230:and
62:news
1604:WAN
1574:NGN
1564:LAN
845:Fax
786:DCT
300:PIN
214:CEO
143:ATC
141:or
45:by
1797::
655:^
643:}}
639:{{
625:.
594:.
504:^
310:,
133:A
125:A
1731:)
1727:(
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106:(
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97:(
87:·
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66:·
39:.
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