Confederate government of West Virginia

1116:

that became West Virginia. The county composition of those districts is as follows: District 10 includes Berkeley, Morgan, Hampshire, Jefferson and Hardy. District 11 includes Pendleton and Pocahontas. District 12 includes Mercer, Monroe, Greenbrier, Raleigh and Fayette. District 13 includes only McDowell. District 14 consists of Kanawha, Logan, Boone, Wayne, Cabell, Putnam, Mason, Jackson, Roane, Clay, Nicholas, Braxton, Wirt and Wyoming. District 15 consists of Lewis, Wood, Pleasants, Tyler, Ritchie, Doddridge, Upshur, Randolph, Webster, Tucker, Barbour, Harrison, Taylor, Gilmer and Calhoun. District 16 consists of Ohio, Hancock, Brooke, Marshall, Wetzel, Marion, Monongalia and Preston. Each district was entitled to choose one representative in the Congress of the Confederate States. Results for Virginia's Confederate congressional elections from Nov. 6, 1861, have not been located, the only returns found are full returns for District 3, and partial returns for District 8.

808: 41: 1104: 715: 1032: 800: 823:, who had helped organize a Unionist state government for Virginia in Wheeling. However, Judge Thompson believed that Pierpont's government was usurped and refused to take any oath that included the Pierpont government, which was called the "double oath" as it was not just to the Federal government but also to the Wheeling government. He was arrested on May 30, 1862, for refusing the oath and sent to Camp Chase and was released a few months later by prisoner exchange without taking the Wheeling oath. He returned to Wheeling but was arrested once again in 1863 because of the oath. Since Judge Thompson was exchanged by the Federal government this prompted several U.S. judge-advocates to question the legality of the arrest. 849:"I have the official records of a number of prisoners sent here by him, seven of which state that the prisoner is charged with 'doing nothing'...Many others have been sent here under equally slight charges whose cases I will soon submit to you, at least copies of their official records as transmitted by him to Camp Chase, for I believe it cannot be your desire that this camp should be filled to overflowing with political prisoners (made by half depopulating a section of country where inhabitants are often compelled to expressions of apparent sympathy) arrested on frivolous charges, to be supported by the General Government and endure a long confinement." 895: 24:, approved by Congress and President Lincoln, though it was done with a low participation of the citizens within the new state. There remained a large number of counties and citizens who still considered themselves as part of Virginia and the Confederacy which, in turn, considered the new state as part of Virginia and the Confederacy. In 1861 the 50 counties contained a population of 355,544 whites, 2,782 freemen, 18,371 slaves, 79,515 voters and 67,721 men of military age (16–40 years old). West Virginia was the 6th most contested state during the war, with 632 battles, engagements, actions and skirmishes. 736: 160: 747:, Lewis County, sold his horse for $ 140 in Confederate currency prior to being imprisoned at Camp Chase with his wife and children. Legal cases involving the use of Confederate money to pay off debts, buying land, slaves and other financial transactions occupied West Virginia courts for many years. In 1873 the state legislature passed a bill that required Confederate money used in contracts between 1861 and 1865 to be based on the true value at the time of the contract. In areas where the Union army had gained control many merchants were reluctant to accept the money, as during Loring's 457: 674: 659:, appointed David Rentch postmaster, assisted by Jerome Dushane. When Rentch was captured by Union soldiers in Nov. 1862, the post office was closed. The postmasters in Charles Town and Harpers Ferry seemed to have served both sides. The longest serving postmaster was James A. Shanklin, postmaster in Union, Monroe County, who had been appointed in 1821, and served until 1865. Many post offices closed or opened depending upon which side held the territory. The office in Harpers Ferry closed in June 1861 when Confederate forces left the town and it never reopened. 4253: 1096: 633: 276: 504: 202:. Secessionists were active in Jackson, Ritchie, Harrison, Wood, Wayne, Kanawha, Cabell, Taylor, Upshur, Marion, although these counties voted against the secession ordinance. Altogether 24 of the 50 counties in the new state voted in favor of secession. The secession counties held 40% of the population and two-thirds of the territory of the new state. Results of the May 23, 1861 vote on Virginia's secession ordinance has been estimated at 19,121 to 20,031 in favor of secession and 33,565 to 34,677 against secession. 512: 148: 4117: 1071:"With the commanding General of the Department and his Quarter Master, in Libby prison, captured by rebels within 35 miles of Gallipolis- a government steamer burned at the same time, it might seem to an unpracticed eye, that the State of West Virginia was not so intensely loyal as some persons wish it to be considered. The fact is that region of country is just as well stocked with rebels both armed and unarmed as any other portion of the South." 977: 886:

authorities." Civilians often found themselves as pawns between rival authorities. On Jan. 4, 1863, the Wheeling-elected sheriff of Barbour County was arrested by Imboden's troops and was sent to Richmond as a prisoner. In retaliation Gov. Pierpont arrested 8 citizens of Barbour to be held as hostages, one of whom died in prison. The sheriff and hostages were eventually released and Sheriff Trayhern resigned his position.

759:, began to issue their own paper scrip in small denominations in order to handle small daily transactions, though this scrip was not legal. On March 29, 1862, the General Assembly passed an act allowing counties, as well as towns with a population of 2,000 or more, to issue scrip for transactions under five dollars. Three cities with populations under 2,000 were specifically allowed to issue scrip, one of which was 3095: 2480: 206: 218:, for example, was reported to have voted 944 to 202 against the secession ordinance, but when recruitment began it gave half of its soldiers to the Confederacy. A similar situation occurred in the counties of Cabell, Kanawha and Wayne. One factor hindering Unionism was "state pride" and resistance to outside interference in Virginia's affairs. One Ohio newspaper observed- 910:, resulted in widescale looting and vandalism by Union troops. Although Brig. Gen. McClellan had promised that his troops would respect private property it was difficult to control them. McLellan left West Virginia and Gen. Rosecrans took command, and found that numerous claims for the destruction of private property were presented to him almost daily. 322: 49: 131:, who had been the most ardent "new state" delegate, used his position as a senator of Virginia to derail the statehood bill in the senate, but failed. He continued in his role as a Virginia senator after the creation of West Virginia in 1863, but in 1864 he was arrested for treason on the direct order of President Lincoln. 1272:

Records for the Confederate elections are sparse, only nine counties of West Virginia have a recorded civilian vote for the May 28, 1863 election; Logan 200, Greenbrier 318, Hampshire 32, Hardy 132, Mercer 213, Monroe 421, Pocahontas 213, Raleigh 108 and Pendleton 171. Morgan County was also reported

754:

By the beginning of the Civil War the Confederacy had just begun the issuance of a national currency. United States currency was still being used, and eventually Confederate paper currency was in production, but there was no coinage, although attempts had been made for its production. Local towns and

566:

was a "refugee" Congressman in the Confederate legislature, as the counties he served were almost all under Federal occupation in the first days of the war. He was described as a "pillar of the administration" by a colleague. He was very active on the committees of Naval Affairs and the Judiciary. He

213:

This resulted in a large area of West Virginia that was supportive of the Richmond government and the Confederacy. Union support eroded in some border counties when Union troops invaded western Virginia on May 26, 1861, just days after the vote on the secession ordinance. In the northwestern counties

710:

for delivery further north, though suspicious mail was sometimes opened by Federal authorities, resulting in a jail term for the recipient. In central West Virginia the continuous guerrilla war disrupted both Union and Confederate postal service. Often mail would be carried informally through Union

1119:

In 1863 voting for the Virginia legislature in Richmond was hampered by the war and the refugee status of many voters. Virginians were allowed to vote outside of their original resident counties but had to vote at the county courthouse and not at local polling stations. Voting by soldiers was done

1115:

A number of senators and house delegates elected to represent West Virginia counties decided to remain loyal to Virginia and the Richmond government. The table for 1861–1863 lists these delegates and senators. The map shows the voting districts of Virginia, with the shaded section showing the area

1023:

were occupied by the Union, as well as most of the counties along the Ohio border. They also held Charleston and the waterways along the Kanawha Valley. Confederate forces held tentatively to southern West Virginia and the eastern counties until the end of the war. Col. Vincent A. Witcher reported

925:

to eradicate guerrillas. Capt. Warren Hollister wrote on Jan. 7- "...according to positive instructions I was to lay waste and destroy the county. This was an unpleasant but necessary part of the warfare. Consequently, for a distance of 16 miles there not a lot left...forage or habitable building,

452:

which operated in the lower Shenandoah Valley, though they also participated in operations around the Gettysburg campaign. After McNeill's death in 1864 his son Jesse took command and achieved fame in a covert operation that resulted in the capture of two Union generals well behind Union lines and

155:

West Virginia was created out of three regions of Virginia; the Northwest, the Shenandoah Valley, and the Southwest. When secession from the United States became an issue for Virginia, there was little support for it in the counties bordering the states of Ohio and Pennsylvania, but there was more

727:

Confederate currency was mostly used in the eastern and southern counties, somewhat less in the central counties. It was often used by Confederate officers to pay for goods taken during raids through Union-held territory. Many of the notes issued by Virginia during the war contained a portrait of

494:

contributed notably or significantly to thirteen infantry regiments, three infantry battalions, one mounted infantry battalion, a sharpshooter battalion, twelve artillery batteries, fifteen cavalry regiments, six cavalry battalions, and a company of partisan rangers, while some served in Kentucky

63:

voted on April 17, 1861, to secede from the United States most of the delegates from the counties which became West Virginia voted against it; 32 against, 13 in favor, and 4 absent or abstained. The convention adjourned on May 1, to reconvene in June. With the movement of Union troops into West

885:

in Richmond for various offences, real or imagined, i.e., having voted against the secession ordinance, or Union soldiers camping on their property. Having voted against the secession ordinance, and living in contested counties in the west, "put a man at risk for military arrest by Confederate

651:

to southwest Virginia. The number of post offices has been estimated at a minimum of fifty, which included the towns of Shepherdstown, Martinsburg, Charles Town, Rippon, Moorefield, Franklin, Romney, Travellers Repose (now Bartow), Huntersville, White Sulphur Springs, Frankford, Lewisburg, Red

872:, where they captured a store of weapons and also seized the U.S. post office. Several weeks later they were captured in Calhoun County, but were treated as civilians rather than military personnel and were tried and convicted to a civilian prison rather than a military prison camp. Gov. 250:. When the 141st militia of Jackson County was mustered at the courthouse and was told by their colonel that he was recruiting for the Union two-thirds of the men refused the call. The militia in the southern and Valley counties mostly responded to the governor's call. During Brig. Gen. 31:

which did not give most of its soldiers to the Union. While the Union army held much of the territory of the new state, large sections remained in the hands of guerrillas and bushwhackers. The Union army remained in West Virginia until 1869, and dealt with civil unrest through 1868.

652:

Sulphur Springs, Salt Sulphur Springs, Union and Peterstown. Postal marks have also been found for Beverly, Charleston and Fayetteville. From June 1, 1861, to October 16, when the first official Confederate postage stamp was issued, the postmaster marked the letters "paid".

681:

A list of West Virginia civilians imprisoned at Camp Chase in March 1862 named five men as rebel mail carriers from Randolph, Pendleton, Hampshire, and Tucker counties. A Confederate mail service ran twice weekly from Tucker County to Monterey in 1861 Confederate mail left

1018:

The extent of control exercised by Union and Confederate forces is hard to determine. In August 1861 McClellan ordered Gen. Rosecrans to concentrate on turnpikes and the railroad and ignore the interior "for the present". The counties around the B&O railroad west of

560:, congressman from the 15th District, the counties of north-central West Virginia, was supportive of a strong central government and supported Jefferson Davis' authority in reorganizing the army, and believed the suspension of habeas corpus by Davis was justifiable. 64:

Virginia on May 26 the conditional Unionists threw their support to Virginia. Many delegates who had voted against the ordinance returned to the convention in June and signed it. Of the 49 delegates 29, representing 36 counties, signed the ordinance.

1086:

Troubles continued in the state after Lee's surrender, guerrillas such as "Rebel Bill" Smith continued to disregard the peace, while Union soldiers were called out to deal with public disturbances through 1868 and finally left the state in 1869.

573:

of Monroe County became a Confederate senator for Virginia and remained in that position to the end of the war. He opposed a centralized government and fought for greater local control. He later became a U.S. senator for West Virginia in 1874.

876:

wrote to President Lincoln and reminded him that the men held military commissions from the Virginia government. On June 13, 1863, President Lincoln issued a pardon for the two men, who were exchanged for two Union prisoners held in Richmond.

1059:

to exert his forces in the southwestern counties- "The counties between the Great Kanawha and Big Sandy Rivers, in the southern part of the State, have been infested with large bodies of guerrillas from the beginning of the rebellion..."

880:

Confederate authorities also arrested civilians for suspected disloyalty or collaboration. Historian Mark E. Neely found records of 337 men arrested in western Virginia, counties both in West Virginia and Virginia, who were held at

3733: 584:

became Lt. Gov. of Virginia in 1864, and as such was president of the senate. He had expressed concern at the start of the war that little effort was being made by Richmond to defend western Virginia. Price was arrested by Col.

1004:, who sent word that ..."Milroy had no authority to issue these orders, which are deemed in violation of the laws of war." By the time Halleck's orders reached Milroy over $ 6000 had been taken, though eventually reimbursed. 861:, who instructed Darr-"The President being informed that you intend or threaten to arrest Bishop Whelan, the Catholic Bishop of your city, he directs that you take no action against the Bishop without the President's order." 796:, the Confederate Secretary of War, to urge him to make efforts to have the prisoners released or exchanged. An exchange program was initiated between the two governments, though it eventually ended several years later. 306:, who achieved the rank of Lt.-General before his death in 1863. In 1861 he had requested assignment to western Virginia, which he described as "bleeding at every pore", but was refused and remained stationed in the 999:

ordered fines to be levied against civilians to compensate for rebel raids and horse stealing, with threats of fire and execution. Brig. Gen. John Imboden informed Jefferson Davis, and protest was formally made to

1083:. West Virginians were granted the same parole conditions as soldiers from the 11 Confederate states, while soldiers from Kentucky, Missouri and Maryland were excluded and had to seek paroles from the War Office. 3726: 595:

of Greenbrier County was a state senator during the war. He warned Jefferson Davis of the bitter feud between generals John Floyd and Henry Wise, which was hampering the defense of western Virginia. His son

834:

Pierpont's administration arrested such a high number of civilians that it prompted U.S. judge-advocate Levi C. Turner to comment that they were doing a "land-office business...in the way of arrests."

554:

and won Jenkins' seat in a special election in 1863. In Congress he worked on the committee controlling army pay and clothing, and supported Lee's efforts to gain more authority in directing the war.

788:

One of the functions of the Confederate government was intervention with the U.S. government for prisoner exchange. Large numbers of West Virginia citizens were imprisoned in Wheeling and especially

3719: 542:

Albert G. Jenkins resigned his military commission to accept a seat in the Confederate congress, but resigned that post in April 1862 to resume his military activities. His position was filled by

283: 184: 539:. In Congress Boteler supported efforts to strengthen the central government, particularly in efforts to regain military control of his district which became part of the new state. 4153: 234:

called out the militia there was no response from the counties along the northwestern border. The 107th Regiment of Randolph and Tucker counties were under the command of Gen.

519:

After the Richmond convention passed the secession ordinance on April 17, 1861, they appointed five delegates to the provisional congress of the Confederacy, which included

926:

and as we ascended the mountain I could trace our path for miles by the cloud of black smoke that showed itself in the distance." Prisoners were often killed in the field.

222:"There still remains that old 'State pride' which has been the vain-glorious boast of the Old Dominion...Western Virginia has too many Union men, and is too near Ohio, to 706:. Delivery time from Parkersburg to Richmond was about 10 days. Occasionally Confederate mail would be slipped into the Federal mail system by sympathetic postmasters in 988:

Some guerrilla forces, ostensibly supporting the Confederacy, nevertheless resorted to brigandry and victimized civilians regardless of allegiances. Confederate general

3694: 2616: 611:

when news arrived that President Lincoln had been assassinated. He returned to his home, but on June 11, 1865, both he and Allen Caperton were arrested and taken to

373:, half of whose men came from West Virginia. Later, as a brigadier-general, he would be placed in command of a brigade which included many West Virginia volunteers. 175:, it was captured in the Battle of Philippi on June 3, 1861. A secession flag also flew above the courthouse in neighboring Tucker County, and another was raised in 1043:

Raids and counter-raids were the rule from 1862 to 1865 with a continuing guerrilla war in a large part of the state. In 1863 the future governor of the new state,

107:

was indicted for treason by a grand jury in Wheeling. Although the charges were not pursued his reputation among Unionists was ruined and he eventually closed his

1276:

The following tables show delegates and senators representing West Virginia counties during the Civil War in the General Assembly of Virginia from 1861 to 1865.

845:. Lazelle stated that Darr was "very zealous; perhaps too hasty and arbitrary." He went on to specify the circumstances of the West Virginia civilian prisoners: 535:. When Boteler was not in Richmond he was on the staff of Stonewall Jackson, with the rank of colonel, and after Jackson's death he was a member of the staff of 116: 2805:

Reports of Cases Decided in the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia, Volume 5, Lewis Baker & Co., Wheeling, 1873, pg. 160; pgs. 437–438; pgs. 592–593

527:. Camden resigned from his post, however, as his home in Clarksburg was behind Union lines by June and his property was threatened if he assumed his seat in 2901:

The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies, Washington, D.C., 1898, Series II, Vol. 4, pgs. 195–208

2847: 4146: 603:

At the end of the war President Lincoln asked that the Virginia legislature be reconvened. Samuel Price, as president of the senate, was issued a pass by

16:

On June 20, 1863, the U.S. government created a new state from 50 western counties of Virginia to be named "West Virginia". This was done on behalf of a

732:. Confederate bonds were also issued. The payrolls of West Virginia's Confederate soldiers would have provided much of the currency stock in the state. 104: 246:. Various companies of the 186th Regiment of Calhoun County became guerilla units or companies of Partisan Rangers in 1862 under the enactment of the 2912:

The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Washington, DC, 1898, Series II, Vol. 3, pg. 560

491: 444:'s failed campaign. Lynchburg residents credited the actions of Brig. Gen. John McCausland with saving the city and presented him with a gold sword. 230:

County courts in Jackson, Fayette, Hampshire, Monroe, Gilmer, Pocahontas, and Raleigh levied funds to arm militia for the defense of Virginia. When

4365: 4139: 807: 2762:

The War of the Rebellion: a compilation of the official records of the Union and Confederate armies, Series II, Vol. II, Section 1, pgs. 267–268

589:(U.S.) in 1862 for refusing to take the oath of loyalty, but was rescued by Confederate forces when the Kanawha Valley was briefly recaptured. 27:

Although considered a loyal Union state by the Federal government, half of its soldiers were enlisted in the Confederate army; it was the only

2431:

How Virginia Convention Delegates Voted on Secession, April 4 and April 17, 1861, and Whether They Signed a Copy of the Ordinance of Secession

619:, which was required for former officials of the Confederate government. One hundred and one West Virginians received these special pardons. 3329:

A Register of the General Assembly of Virginia, 1776–1918, and of the Constitutional Conventions, Richmond, Davis Bottom, 1918, pgs. 183–188

666:

issued special pardons for ex-Confederates not covered by the general amnesty, such as members of the Confederate government, and five such

4360: 1103: 40: 428:

defending the bridges of the Potomac River. He also organized the first topographic corps in Virginia. Lt. Col. Vincent A. Witcher of

4120: 992:

was accused of similar thefts during the Jones-Imboden raid of 1863, causing indignation for the West Virginia soldiers in the raid.

345:

were frequently engaged in actions within the state, raiding behind Union lines for material and recruits. Jenkins was killed at the

194:

There were public meetings of "Southern Rights" supporters in at least 21 Northwestern counties. On April 26, 1861, former governor

4215: 4210: 4062: 4057: 973:, who had recently been placed in command of the area, was charged with enforcing the law, though it lasted for only a short time. 647:

Confederate post offices in West Virginia basically followed the line of secessionist counties, running from Harpers Ferry in the

4235: 2315: 238:, but after his death it disbanded. Two companies of the 119th Regiment of Taylor County responded, and later became part of the 226:

join in such a resistance, but still, that impulse and State pride will be against us and we must expect to be hampered with it."

3711: 841:, Commissary-General of Prisoners, by Capt. H.M. Lazelle, noted particularly the actions of Major Darr, the provost-marshall in 286:

were either born in or living in the state at the time of the war. Three of these officers were in command of Virginia militia;

4370: 3747: 1075:

At the end of the war over 5,000 Confederate soldiers were paroled at Charleston, and many West Virginians received paroles at

76:

in June and could not return, though he had previously signed the ordinance in April. Some delegates, such as George Berlin of

3151:

The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, Series I, Vol. V, pg. 564

4205: 4047: 3660: 3646: 3632: 3618: 3583: 3485: 3297: 2585: 2528: 2407: 2363: 1031: 557: 60: 183:, which was termed a "secession hole" by Union newspapers in Wheeling, and was later burned by Union troops. On May 14, the 3689:

Test Oaths, Belligerent Rights, and Confederate Money: Civil War Lawsuits Before the West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals

2836:

Test Oaths, Belligerent Rights, and Confederate Money: Civil War Lawsuits Before the West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals

838: 714: 195: 139:

on June 8, 1861, and urged that they unite as one "...to defend old Virginia until every invader is driven from her soil."

80:, became refugees and settled in the Shenandoah Valley and other areas of Virginia beyond Union lines. Burwell Spurlock of 1123:

The following table shows voting results, some only partial, for the Confederate congressional elections on May 28, 1863.

1015:

to relocate further south while others, such as Dr. Thomas B. Camden, were sent to Camp Chase prison with their families.

4220: 4200: 4067: 4042: 1048: 84:

was one of the last to sign the ordinance in November. A number of delegates entered Confederate service; Samuel Woods,

4286: 4281: 4274: 4269: 4230: 4185: 4077: 4052: 4037: 4022: 3352: 3036: 3016: 2310: 2305: 2300: 1024:

from Logan Courthouse on Nov. 15, 1864, that he had recruited 6 full companies and 5 incomplete companies in Logan and

907: 799: 648: 28: 4252: 567:

eventually became a supporter of the draft and opposed class exemptions, and also supported using slaves in the army.

531:. More delegates from West Virginia were appointed to represent Virginia; Charles Wells Russell, Robert Johnston, and 4355: 4195: 4190: 4180: 4032: 4027: 4012: 3597: 3569: 3555: 3541: 3527: 3513: 3506:

Wood County, West Virginia, In Civil War Times, with an Account of the Guerrilla Warfare in the Little Kanawha Valley

3499: 3464: 3450: 3436: 3422: 3394: 3366: 3317: 3277: 3257:

Ordinances Adopted by the Convention of Virginia, in Secret and Adjourned Sessions in April, May, June and July, 1861

3139: 3119: 3081: 3056: 2996: 2963: 2943: 2911: 2900: 2823: 2794: 2787:

Wood County, West Virginia, in Civil War Times, with an Account of the Guerrilla Warfare in the Little Kanawha Valley

2674: 2667:

Wood County, West Virginia, in Civil War Times, with an Account of the Guerrilla Warfare in the Little Kanawha Valley

2605: 3877: 4375: 4095: 3976: 3895: 1051:...it is not safe for a loyal man to go into the interior out of sight of the Ohio River." The ease with which the 942: 938: 768: 677:

A five-dollar note issued by the state of Virginia in 1862 bearing a portrait of Jonathan M. Bennett, state auditor

581: 163:

The Civil War era courthouse in Barbour County, West Virginia, where the first secession flag flew in West Virginia

3686: 4225: 4072: 2335: 816: 551: 421: 378: 124: 17: 3067: 966: 962: 524: 477: 69: 99:

Five of the delegates who didn't sign the ordinance eventually ran afoul of the Union government in Wheeling.

4163: 4006: 4000: 2761: 2685: 2320: 1025: 958: 954: 918: 869: 703: 547: 346: 168: 65: 4131: 3198: 2641: 2630: 4350: 1020: 950: 946: 772: 764: 366: 334: 215: 180: 77: 930:

took command of Union troops in West Virginia on April 6, 1862, and continued Crook's policy of hard war.

803:

Prison records from the Atheneum prison in 1863 showing civilian prisoners, Judge Thompson's second arrest

4345: 3994: 3932: 3359:

My Recollections and Experiences of the Civil War, or, A Citizen of Weston During the Late Unpleasantness

3132:

My Recollections and Experiences of the Civil War, or, A Citizen of Weston During the Late Unpleasantness

2816:

My Recollections and Experiences of the Civil War, or, A Citizen of Weston During the Late Unpleasantness

748: 729: 687: 667: 641: 616: 449: 432:

was a wide-ranging cavalry officer, moving from West Virginia through Tennessee and participating in the

429: 404:

in the summer of 1861. Tompkins resigned from the service in frustration at the chaos caused by generals

354: 188: 81: 3914: 3773: 3970: 3702: 989: 707: 699: 683: 413: 358: 342: 3328: 2419:

Journal of the Senate of the State of West Virginia for the Sixth Session, Commencing January 21, 1868

214:

of West Virginia most enrolled 25% of their eligible men in Confederate units, many in excess of 50%.

4089: 3952: 1080: 612: 397: 303: 199: 176: 136: 108: 73: 135:, who resigned from the convention at the end of the first session in May, addressed the militia in 103:

actively campaigned against the new state and faced threats of violence and arrest. In October 1861

3883: 3871: 3865: 3697:

Voting with Their Arms Civil War Military Enlistments and the Formation of West Virginia, 1861–1865

3187:

The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies

3162:

The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies

2619:

Voting with Their Arms Civil War Military Enlistments and the Formation of West Virginia, 1861–1865

894: 864:

On Dec. 19, 1862, Confederate rangers under the command of Capt. Daniel Duskey, raided the town of

760: 691: 469: 3236: 2861: 2539: 2374: 3741: 882: 842: 695: 543: 338: 315: 167:

In January 1861 the first secession flag in West Virginia flew above the courthouse in Philippi,

21: 2375:

Population of the United States in 1860; Compiled from the Original Returns of the Eighth Census

1108: 854: 792:

in Columbus, Ohio. On October 25, 1861, the auditor of Virginia, Jonathan M. Bennett, wrote to

481: 417: 386: 370: 243: 239: 389:. In 1864 he was promoted to brig-general, but left the service due to ill-health soon after. 3946: 3847: 3803: 3211:

Third Biennial Report of the Department of Archives and History of the State of West Virginia

2709: 865: 744: 735: 563: 473: 291: 2737: 2430: 159: 3829: 3797: 3380:

A House Divided, A Study of Statehood Politics and the Copperhead Movement in West Virginia

2565:

A House Divided, A Study of Statehood Politics and the Copperhead Movement in West Virginia

2508:

A House Divided, A Study of Statehood Politics and the Copperhead Movement in West Virginia

2469:

A House Divided, A Study of Statehood Politics and the Copperhead Movement in West Virginia

673: 485: 456: 433: 425: 393: 209:

Counties in blue supported secession from the United States in the May 23, 1861 public vote

3290:

United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861–1911: The Official Results by State and County

254:'s Kanawha campaign of late 1861 a brigade of militia under the command of Brig. Generals 8: 4306: 4261: 4017: 3982: 3940: 3920: 3817: 3785: 2330: 1076: 1055:

was conducted in 1863 frustrated Maj. Gen. Halleck. In June 1864 Gov. Boreman asked Gen.

1012: 831:, that Pierpont's extensive arrests were interfering with the prisoner exchange program. 820: 718:

Confederate States of America, bond issued in 1864 to Samuel P. Hawver, Greenbrier County

528: 495:

Confederate regiments. Altogether 20–22,000 West Virginians were in Confederate service.

445: 437: 295: 259: 247: 4101: 3429:

On Our Own Soil, William Lowther Jackson and the Civil War in West Virginia's Mountains

2325: 1064: 1052: 1008: 922: 819:

of Virginia's 20th circuit court was described as the only loyal judge of the court by

756: 608: 93: 89: 3310:

The Historical Atlas of the Congresses of the Confederate States of America, 1861–1865

3270:

The Historical Atlas of the Congresses of the Confederate States of America: 1861–1865

472:, which operated in West Virginia and was also part of Lee's Gettysburg campaign; the 44:

West Virginia delegate votes and signatures at the Richmond convention, April 17, 1861

3964: 3859: 3841: 3656: 3642: 3628: 3614: 3593: 3579: 3565: 3551: 3537: 3523: 3509: 3495: 3481: 3460: 3446: 3432: 3418: 3390: 3362: 3348: 3313: 3293: 3273: 3135: 3115: 3052: 3032: 3012: 2992: 2959: 2939: 2819: 2790: 2670: 2601: 2581: 2524: 2403: 2359: 1044: 793: 570: 532: 330: 321: 311: 307: 299: 235: 132: 2495: 1095: 632: 3988: 3958: 3926: 3853: 3835: 2183:

Greenbrier, Fayette, Raleigh, Nicholas, Braxton, Pocahontas, Clay, part of Webster

996: 858: 637: 597: 520: 100: 3520:

Southern Rights, Political Prisoners and the Myth of Confederate Constitutionalism

3408:

Biographical Register of Members, Virginia State Convention of 1861, First Session

3373:

Radicalism, Racism, and Party Realignment, The Border States During Reconstruction

2936:

Southern Rights, Political Prisoners and the Myth of Confederate Constitutionalism

503: 55:, July 11, 1861, regarding Marshall M. Dent, John J. Jackson and George W. Summers 48: 4172: 3908: 3889: 3823: 3809: 3743: 1107:

Vote results for 54th and 36th Virginia Infantry for governor, May 28, 1863. The

934: 927: 604: 350: 128: 1007:

Sometimes civilians were forced to relocate behind Confederate lines. After the

853:

In May 1862 Major Darr was preparing to arrest the Catholic bishop of Wheeling,

275: 3175:

Francis H. Pierpont: Union War Governor of Virginia and Father of West Virginia

2656:, Virginia Civil War Commission, 1964, pgs. 277–281; pgs. 294–296; pgs. 298–299 663: 656: 401: 374: 287: 255: 3083:

The War of the Rebellion, Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies

2923:

The War of the Rebellion, Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies

2889:

The War of the Rebellion, Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies

2877:

The War of the Rebellion, Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies

969:

under martial law, due to citizen complaints of marauding outlaws. Brig. Gen.

636:

Two letters to West Virginia via Confederate postal system, the top letter to

4339: 4320: 4161: 3902: 3779: 3751: 1001: 828: 592: 536: 511: 409: 405: 382: 251: 172: 147: 3639:

A Savage Conflict, The Decisive Role of Guerrillas in the American Civil War

2686:

Official Records of the War of Rebellion, Series I, Vol. 51, Part 2, pg. 266

1533:

Senator. Class 1. Also represented Giles, Tazewell, Bland and Buchanan, Va.

607:

to return to Richmond for the new session. He met with other legislators in

600:

was a major in the Confederate army, and later a governor of West Virginia.

3791: 3457:

Rebels at the Gate, Lee and McClellan on the Front Line of a Nation Divided

3401:

Tattered Uniforms and Bright Bayonets: West Virginia's Confederate Soldiers

3029:

Another Day in Lincoln's Army: The Civil War Journals of Sgt. John T. Booth

1538:

Greenbrier, Fayette, Raleigh, Nicholas, Braxton, Pocahontas, Clay, Webster

1056: 1011:

in May 1863 families were evicted from their homes in Weston by Brig. Gen.

914: 873: 586: 577: 465: 441: 385:, served on the staff of Stonewall Jackson before becoming Lt.-Col. of the 231: 2178:

Senator. Class 1. Also represented Giles, Tazewell and part of Bland, Va.

917:

noted in his autobiography that he had to "burn out" the entire county of

811:

Lincoln's pardon for Daniel Dusky (Duskey) and Jacob Varner, June 13, 1863

156:

support in the central and southern counties of what became West Virginia.

3767: 837:

In 1862 an investigation of conditions in Camp Chase, conducted for Col.

824: 362: 85: 3051:, Univ. of Tennessee Press, 1997, "Exterminating Savages", pgs. 104–130 3674:

Confederate Military History, Extended Edition, Vol. III, West Virginia

3199:

Gallipolis Journal, Feb. 18, 1864, pg. 2, From the following article...

970: 827:, the U.S. Judge-Advocate General, complained to the Secretary of War, 789: 1067:

and his men an Ohio newspaper was prompted to write on Feb, 18, 1864–

670:

were issued to West Virginians who were listed as "rebel postmaster".

4298: 3762: 3653:

Daydreams & Nightmares, A Virginia Family Faces Secession and War

2456:

Daydreams & Nightmares, A Virginia Family Faces Secession and War

3345:

Yank and Rebel Rangers: Special Operations in the American Civil War

1881:

Delegate. Also represented Buchanan and Tazewell Counties, Virginia

3705:

Crossing into War: Hostages in Civil War Virginia and West Virginia

2738:

The Confederate Postal Service in West Virginia, By Boyd B. Stutler

1035:

34th Ohio Infantry attacking Confederate soldiers in Logan County,

739:

Mercer County, Virginia, paper currency, 75-cent denomination, 1863

2578:

Why Confederates Fought, Family & Nation in Civil War Virginia

2552:

Why Confederates Fought, Family & Nation in Civil War Virginia

2205:

Lewis, Barbour, Upshur, Gilmer, Randolph, Tucker, part of Webster

976: 464:

Large numbers of West Virginia recruits were under the command of

3611:

Why Confederates Fought, Family and Nation in Civil War Virginia

2642:

Cleveland Morning Leader, June 4, 1861, "South Western Virginia"

711:

lines by women, who were less subject to search and inspection.

392:

Other notable military figures were Christopher Q. Tompkins and

400:, who were instrumental in the organizing of volunteers in the 205: 2496:"Letter from General J.J. Jackson", The Crisis, May 14, 1862 2849:

Acts of the General Assembly of Virginia, Passed in 1861–62

2567:, Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, 1964, pgs. 46–54; pgs. 146–147 127:, but called it "a usurped government...founded in force". 96:, Currence B. Conrad, and Benjamin W. Byrne, among others. 1549:

Lewis, Barbour, Upshur, Gilmer, Randolph, Tucker, Webster

622: 3361:, The Friends of the Lewis Bennett Public Library, 2000, 2925:, Washington, D.C., 1899, Series II, Vol. V, pgs. 147–148 2879:, Washington, D.C., 1899, Series II, Vol. V, pgs. 611–612 1790:

Lurty, George W., resigned; succeeded by Andrew Radcliff

728:

Jonathan M. Bennett, the state auditor, and a native of

115:, the following January and ended his political career. 2838:, West Virginia History, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2013, pgs. 1–22 2249:

Kanawha, Boone, Logan, Putnam, Wyoming, Roane, Calhoun

1582:

Kanawha, Boone, Logan, Putnam, Wyoming, Roane, Calhoun

857:, but was prevented from doing so by Secretary of War, 142: 2750:

Special Presidential Pardons for Confederate Soldiers

2726:

Special Presidential Pardons for Confederate Soldiers

2580:, Univ. of N. Carolina Press, 2007, pg. 210, note 35 655:

In Shepherdstown the Confederate postmaster general,

361:, which resulted in the burning of the town in 1864. 3667:

A Guide to Virginia Military Organizations 1861–1865

3590:

Clash of Loyalties: A Border County in the Civil War

3415:

Civil War in Cabell County, West Virginia, 1861–1865

3112:

Clash of Loyalties, A Border County in the Civil War

2956:

Clash of Loyalties: A Border County in the Civil War

2891:, Washington, D.C., 1899, Series II, Vol. V, pg. 641 2654:

A Guide to Virginia Military Organizations 1861–1865

898:"Return of a Foraging Party to Philippi, Virginia", 3237:"General Orders No. 57, Brevet Major General Emory" 2244:Senator. Class 2. Also represented Rockingham, Va. 1577:Senator. Class 2. Also represented Rockingham, Va. 369:became a Lt. Col. and was placed in command of the 2600:, West Virginia Humanities Council, 2006, pg. 592 1669:Robinson, Israel; succeeded by William B. Colston 1047:, said- "After you get a short distance below the 778: 3492:The Civil War in Greenbrier County, West Virginia 2631:Cleveland Morning Leader, May 6, 1861, "Virginia" 357:became notorious in the north for his actions in 4337: 3312:, Simon & Schuster, 1994, pg. 140, note 133 3226:, Education Foundation, Inc., 1966, pgs. 292–293 3071:, Kenneth W. Noe, New York Times, March 23, 2012 2866:, Ruebush-Elkins Co., Dayton, Va., 1916, pg. 161 2851:, William F. Ritchie, Richmond, 1862, pgs. 19–20 2458:, Univ. of Virginia Press, Charlottesville, 2015 2958:, West Virginia Univ. Press, 2003, pgs. 92–100 2938:, Univ. Press of Virginia, 1999, pgs. 120–121, 2510:, Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, 1964, pgs. 102–105 2471:, Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, 1964, pgs. 127–128 120: 3478:The Civil War in Fayette County, West Virginia 3177:, Univ. of North Carolina Press, 1937, pg. 188 3114:, West Virginia Univ. Press, 2004, pgs. 90–91 2194:Wood, Ritchie, Doddridge, Pleasants, Harrison 453:sending them as prisoners to Richmond in 1865. 4147: 3727: 3604:The Secession Movement in Virginia, 1847–1861 3548:The Civil War in Appalachia, Collected Essays 3387:Wayne County, West Virginia, in the Civil War 3049:The Civil War in Appalachia, Collected Essays 2989:The Civil War in Appalachia, Collected Essays 2554:, Univ. of North Carolina Press, 2007, pg. 22 1090: 3417:, Pictorial Histories Publishing Co., 1991, 2976:The History of Barbour County, West Virginia 2789:, Trans-Allegheny Books, 1987, pgs. 251–255 2445:, Mayer & Miller, Chicago, 1902, pg. 155 2230:Hunter, Andrew; succeeded by Edwin L. Moore 3560:Phillips, David L., Rebecca L. Hill, eds., 3259:, Wyatt M. Elliott, Richmond, 1861, pg. 44. 3047:Noe, Kenneth W., Shannon H. Wilson (eds.), 4154: 4140: 3734: 3720: 3403:, Marshall Univ. Library Association, 1995 2523:, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2011, pg. 48 2521:Tarnished Victory, Finishing Lincoln's War 921:. On Jan. 1, 1862 he led companies of the 3546:Noe, Kenneth W., Shannon H. White, eds., 3134:, McClain Printing Co., 2000, pgs. 48–78 2991:, Univ. of Tennessee Press, 1997, pg 108 2864:A History of Monroe County, West Virginia 2818:, McClain Printing Co., 2000, pgs. 51–53 2358:, Univ. of Kentucky Press, 1993, pg. 140 1273:to have voted but no returns were given. 980:Western Virginia Confederate Irregulars, 262:was reported at a strength of 2,000 men. 3011:, Univ. of Oklahoma Press, 1986, pg. 88 2387:A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion 1111:was primarily recruited in West Virginia 1102: 1094: 1030: 975: 893: 806: 798: 734: 713: 672: 631: 615:. They were later released and received 510: 502: 460:Confederate recruitment in West Virginia 455: 320: 274: 204: 158: 146: 47: 39: 4366:West Virginia in the American Civil War 3641:, Univ. of North Carolina Press, 2009, 3613:, Univ. of North Carolina Press, 2007, 3562:War Stories: Civil War in West Virginia 3009:General George Crook: His Autobiography 2987:Noe, Kenneth W. and Shannon H. Wilson, 2669:, Trans-Allegheny Books, 1987, pg. 113 2316:West Virginia in the American Civil War 686:following a route from Limestone Hill, 623:Confederate postal service and currency 507:Allen T. Caperton – Confederate senator 4338: 3272:, Simon & Schuster, 1994, pg. 138 265: 92:, Napoleon B. French, Johnson Orrick, 35: 4135: 3995:The Great Republic of Rough and Ready 3715: 3669:, Virginia Civil War Commission, 1964 3534:Lee vs. McClellan, The First Campaign 3189:, 1891, Series I, Vol. XXXVII,pg. 581 3096:"Imboden's Command, June 1st, 1863", 3085:, Series I, Volume 51, Part 2, p. 517 775:also began to issue low value scrip. 640:in Martinsburg, the bottom letter to 3508:, Trans-Allegheny Books, Inc., 1987 2978:, Acme Publishing Co., 1899, pg. 301 2389:, Dyer Publishing Co., 1908, pg. 582 2260:Jackson, Mason, Cabell, Wayne, Wirt 1593:Jackson, Mason, Cabell, Wayne, Wirt 1120:within the regimental organization. 906:The first land battle of the war at 783: 284:Sixteen Confederate general officers 143:Secession sentiment in West Virginia 3763:Kingdoms and Provinces of New Spain 3592:, West Virginia Univ. Press, 2003, 2421:, John Frew, Wheeling, 1861, pg. 10 1063:After the capture of Union General 187:was raised above the courthouse in 13: 4361:Virginia in the American Civil War 3550:, Univ. of Tennessee Press, 1997, 3337: 2443:The Rending of Virginia, A History 2311:Virginia in the American Civil War 2306:Confederate government of Missouri 2301:Confederate government of Kentucky 1486:Boggs, James, resigned; R.B. Dice 515:Samuel Price, Lt.-Gov. of Virginia 325:Brig. Gen. Albert Gallatin Jenkins 14: 4387: 3680: 3655:, Univ. of Virginia Press, 2015, 3578:, Univ. of Kentucky Press, 1993, 3574:Rice, Otis K., Stephen W. Brown, 3382:, Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, 1964 3292:, McFarland, 2014, pgs. 585, 600 2354:Rice, Otis K., Stephen W. Brown, 1677:Braxton, Nicholas, Clay, Webster 743:In 1863 Dr. Thomas B. Camden, of 627: 4251: 4116: 4115: 4096:Provisional Government of Hawaii 3977:Provisional Government of Oregon 3896:Provisional Government of Mexico 3522:, Univ. Press of Virginia, 1999 3347:, Pen and Sword Military, 2019, 2540:Richmond Enquirer, June 18, 1861 2481:"Indictment Against M.M. Dent", 2271:Wetzel, Marshall, Marion, Tyler 1604:Wetzel, Marshall, Marion, Tyler 448:led a company of Rangers out of 3625:West Virginia and the Civil War 3322: 3302: 3282: 3262: 3250: 3229: 3216: 3203: 3192: 3180: 3167: 3155: 3144: 3124: 3104: 3089: 3075: 3061: 3041: 3021: 3001: 2981: 2968: 2948: 2928: 2916: 2905: 2894: 2882: 2870: 2855: 2841: 2828: 2808: 2799: 2779: 2766: 2755: 2742: 2731: 2718: 2703: 2698:West Virginia and the Civil War 2690: 2679: 2659: 2646: 2635: 2624: 2610: 2590: 2570: 2557: 2544: 2533: 2513: 2500: 2489: 2474: 2400:West Virginia and the Civil War 2336:Restored Government of Virginia 1246:Robert W. Johnston (unopposed) 779:Prisoner exchange and civilians 440:in 1864 during Union Brig-Gen. 412:, and Patton was killed at the 3410:, Virginia State Library, 1969 3224:West Virginia in the Civil War 2598:The West Virginia Encyclopedia 2461: 2448: 2435: 2424: 2412: 2402:, History Press, 2011, pg. 28 2392: 2379: 2368: 2348: 1099:Virginia's 16 voting districts 662:In the post-war era President 550:, who had been a major in the 484:and McLanahan's Battery, with 478:62nd Virginia Mounted Infantry 298:. The most senior general was 72:, was arrested at his home in 1: 4371:Confederate States of America 4007:Confederate States of America 3443:Gray Ghosts and Rebel Raiders 3164:, Vol. XLIII, Pt.. 1 pg. 651 2700:, History Press, 2011, pg. 28 2321:Confederate States of America 995:On Nov. 27, 1862, Brig. Gen. 279:Gen. T.J. Jackson (Stonewall) 4001:The Kingdom of Beaver Island 3606:, Garrett & Massie, 1934 3564:, Gauley Mount Press, 1991, 3536:, Regnery Publishing, 1996, 3389:, Higginson Book Co., 2003, 3130:Camden, Thomas Bland, M.D., 3069:The Road to Gardiner’s Store 2814:Camden, Thomas Bland, M.D., 2712:History of Greenbrier County 2282:Monongalia, Preston, Taylor 1615:Monongalia, Preston, Taylor 889: 755:cities in Virginia, such as 498: 318:of West Virginia volunteers. 7: 4326:Organized January 18, 1862. 4162:Political divisions of the 3459:, Sourcebooks, Inc., 2004, 3375:, Johns Hopkins Press, 1969 3213:, Charleston, 1911, pg. 224 3031:, iUniverse, 2007, pg. 151 2294: 722: 270: 10: 4392: 3971:Republic of the Rio Grande 3471:The Disruption of Virginia 3441:Jones, Virgil Carrington, 3007:Schmitt, Martin F. (ed.), 1091:General Assembly 1861–1865 1079:with the surrender of the 414:Third Battle of Winchester 347:Battle of Cloyd's Mountain 198:chaired such a meeting in 151:West Virginia regions 1863 121:second Wheeling convention 4315: 4297: 4260: 4249: 4171: 4111: 3953:Republic of Indian Stream 3758: 3406:Gaines, William H., Jr., 2506:Curry, Richard O. Curry, 2467:Curry, Richard O. Curry, 2172:Mercer, Monroe, McDowell 2161:Hampshire, Hardy, Morgan 1628:General Assembly 1863–65 1527:Mercer, Monroe, McDowell 1516:Hampshire, Hardy, Morgan 1280:General Assembly 1861–63 1081:Army of Northern Virginia 488:attached to his command. 113:The Virginia Evening Star 4356:History of West Virginia 3915:Santa Fe de Nuevo México 3890:Second Republic of Texas 3884:Republic of the Floridas 3872:Republic of East Florida 3866:Republic of West Florida 3830:United States of America 3774:Santa Fe de Nuevo México 3750:within the contemporary 3576:West Virginia, A History 3494:, Quarrier Press, 2004, 3480:, Quarrier Press, 1988, 3431:, Quarrier Press, 2003, 3343:Black, Robert W., Col., 2356:West Virginia, A History 2341: 1376:McDonald, Angus W., Jr. 1329:Braxton, Nicholas, Clay 1143:Frederick W.M. Holliday 908:Philippi, Barbour County 749:occupation of Charleston 492:West Virginia volunteers 480:, four companies of the 4376:Confederate States Army 3878:First Republic of Texas 3676:, Broadfoot Press, 1987 3637:Sutherland, Daniel E., 3627:, History Press, 2011, 3445:, Galahad Books, 1995, 3027:Mollohan, Marie (ed.), 2862:Morten, Oren Frederic, 2728:, Mountain Press, 1999. 937:placed the counties of 544:Samuel Augustine Miller 339:William Lowther Jackson 3665:Wallace, Lee A., Jr., 3357:Camden, Thomas Bland, 2776:, Oct. 12, 1861, pg. 2 2752:, Mountain Press, 1999 2652:Wallace, Lee A., Jr., 2216:Ohio, Brooke, Hancock 2197:Stephenson, Kenner B. 1933:Richardson, Robert A. 1864:Logan, Boone, Wyoming 1732:Gilmer, Wirt, Calhoun 1453:Richardson, Robert A. 1439:Logan, Boone, Wyoming 1112: 1109:36th Virginia Infantry 1100: 1073: 1040: 985: 903: 851: 812: 804: 740: 719: 678: 644: 552:22nd Virginia Infantry 516: 508: 482:25th Virginia Infantry 461: 424:became colonel of the 387:33rd Virginia Infantry 371:27th Virginia Infantry 326: 280: 244:25th Virginia Infantry 240:31st Virginia Infantry 228: 210: 164: 152: 56: 45: 3947:Republic of Madawaska 3848:Trans-Oconee Republic 3695:MacKenzie, Scott A., 3609:Sheehan-Dean, Aaron, 3532:Newell, Clayton, R., 3518:Neely, Mark E., Jr., 3473:, Macmillan Co., 1922 2934:Neely, Mark E., Jr., 2596:Sullivan, Ken (ed.), 2576:Sheehan-Dean, Aaron, 2550:Sheehan-Dean, Aaron, 1999:Pendleton, Joseph H. 1724:Linkous, Benjamin R. 1574:Pennybacker, John D. 1145:Alexander R. Boteler 1106: 1098: 1069: 1034: 979: 897: 847: 810: 802: 738: 717: 676: 635: 564:Charles Wells Russell 514: 506: 474:18th Virginia Cavalry 459: 436:in 1863 and later at 324: 278: 220: 208: 162: 150: 117:John Jay Jackson, Sr. 51: 43: 4262:Governments in exile 3941:Republic of Fredonia 3703:Gooden, Randall S., 3687:Bailey, Kenneth R., 3469:McGregor, James C., 3427:Hardway, Ronald V., 3399:Dickinson, Jack L., 3385:Dickinson, Jack L., 3378:Curry, Richard Orr, 3308:Martis, Kenneth C., 3268:Martis, Kenneth C., 3173:Ambler, Charles H., 2834:Bailey, Kenneth R., 2441:Hall, Granville D., 2385:Dyer, Frederick H., 2227:Jefferson, Berkeley 2186:Alderson, Joseph A. 2164:Armstrong, James D. 2087:Herndon, William E. 1988:Sherrard, George W. 1713:McMillan, Samuel J. 1560:Jefferson, Berkeley 1541:Alderson, Joseph A. 1519:Armstrong, James D. 1497:Lockridge, James T. 617:presidential pardons 434:Battle of Gettysburg 426:7th Virginia Cavalry 4351:History of Virginia 4090:Free State of Jones 3983:California Republic 3818:Republic of Watauga 3786:Provincias Internas 3748:unrecognized states 3455:Lesser, W. Hunter, 3371:Curry, Richard O., 3288:Dubin, Michael J., 2774:Daily Intelligencer 2748:Douthat, James L., 2617:Scott A. MacKenzie 2563:Curry, Richard O., 2483:Daily Intelligencer 2331:Wheeling Convention 2285:Newlon, Charles W. 2263:Newman, William W. 2241:Coffman, Samuel A. 2219:Shriver, Daniel M. 2175:Witten, James W.M. 2120:Woodley, Willis H. 2054:McNeil, William L. 2040:Pleasants, Ritchie 2010:Edwards, Thomas A. 1900:Morgan, Stephen A. 1889:Haymond, Thomas S. 1867:Nighbert, James A. 1735:McCutcheon, J.S.K. 1680:Haymond, Luther D. 1629: 1618:Newlon, Charles W. 1596:Newman, William W. 1530:Witten, James W.M. 1442:McDonald, Isaac E. 1332:McLaughlin, Duncan 1281: 1257:Charles W. Russell 1013:Benjamin S. Roberts 933:On March 29, 1862, 821:Francis H. Pierpont 470:Augusta County, Va. 314:contained thirteen 296:Augustus A. Chapman 266:Confederate leaders 260:Augustus A. Chapman 248:Partisan Ranger Act 125:Pierpont government 119:did not attend the 61:Richmond convention 36:Richmond convention 18:Unionist government 4346:American Civil War 4164:Confederate States 4102:Republic of Hawaii 3798:Florida Occidental 3602:Shanks, Henry T., 3588:Shaffer, John W., 3413:Geiger, Joe, Jr., 3222:Stutler, Boyd B., 3209:Lewis, Virgil A., 3110:Shaffer, John W., 3098:Staunton Spectator 2954:Shaffer, John W., 2724:Douthat, James L., 2485:, October 18, 1861 2326:American Civil War 2109:Robinson, John A. 1779:Williams, Charles 1757:Monroe, Alexander 1658:Hunter, Robert W. 1627: 1563:Isbell, Thomas M. 1398:Williams, Charles 1279: 1177:Waller R. Staples 1113: 1101: 1053:Jones-Imboden Raid 1041: 1009:Jones-Imboden raid 986: 904: 902:, August 17, 1861. 817:George W. Thompson 813: 805: 763:. The counties of 741: 720: 679: 645: 517: 509: 462: 327: 281: 211: 165: 153: 94:Alpheus F. Haymond 90:Franklin P. Turner 68:, a delegate from 57: 46: 22:Wheeling, Virginia 4333: 4332: 4307:Arizona Territory 4129: 4128: 3965:Republic of Texas 3860:State of Muskogee 3842:State of Franklin 3661:978-0-8139-3709-0 3647:978-0-8078-3277-6 3633:978-1-59629-888-0 3619:978-0-8078-6184-4 3584:978-0-8131-1854-3 3486:978-1-891852-91-6 3298:978-0-7864-4722-0 2714:, Lewisburg, 1917 2586:978-0-8078-6184-4 2529:978-0-547-42806-2 2519:Marvel, William, 2408:978-1-59629-888-0 2364:978-0-8131-1854-3 2292: 2291: 2288:Senator. Class 2 2277:Senator. Class 2 2266:Senator. Class 2 2255:Senator. Class 2 2252:Lawson, James M. 2233:Senator. Class 2 2222:Senator. Class 1 2211:Senator. Class 1 2200:Senator. Class 1 2189:Senator. Class 1 2167:Senator. Class 1 2095:Randolph, Tucker 2065:Cowan, Robert E. 1922:Hutcheson, James 1845:Welch, Isaiah A. 1823:Melvin, Jacob S. 1812:Duval, George W. 1721:Fayette, Raleigh 1710:Doddridge, Tyler 1702:Buffington, P.C. 1647:Johnson, William 1639:Delegate/Senator 1625: 1624: 1621:Senator. Class 2 1610:Senator. Class 2 1599:Senator. Class 2 1588:Senator. Class 2 1585:Pate, William D. 1566:Senator. Class 2 1555:Senator. Class 1 1544:Senator. Class 1 1522:Senator. Class 1 1431:Welch, Isaiah A. 1409:Green, Thomas C. 1354:Coleman, John J. 1351:Fayette, Raleigh 1310:Robinson, Israel 1299:Johnson, William 1291:Delegate/Senator 1270: 1269: 1259:Zedekiah Kidwell 1213:William Stratton 1211:Samuel A. Miller 1194:Fayette McMullen 1135:Vote (* partial) 1045:Arthur I. Boreman 1002:Maj. Gen. Halleck 794:Judah P. Benjamin 784:Prisoner exchange 649:eastern panhandle 582:Greenbrier County 571:Allen T. Caperton 533:Alexander Boteler 486:McNeill's Rangers 418:Angus W. McDonald 359:Chambersburg, Pa. 331:Albert G. Jenkins 308:Shenandoah Valley 300:Stonewall Jackson 236:Robert S. Garnett 171:. Described as a 133:George W. Summers 53:Richmond Enquirer 4383: 4319:Admitted to the 4255: 4156: 4149: 4142: 4133: 4132: 4119: 4118: 3989:State of Deseret 3959:Indian Territory 3927:Coahuila y Tejas 3921:Sonora y Sinaloa 3854:Hawaiian Kingdom 3836:Vermont Republic 3792:Florida Oriental 3736: 3729: 3722: 3713: 3712: 3623:Snell, Mark A., 3331: 3326: 3320: 3306: 3300: 3286: 3280: 3266: 3260: 3254: 3248: 3247: 3245: 3244: 3233: 3227: 3220: 3214: 3207: 3201: 3196: 3190: 3184: 3178: 3171: 3165: 3159: 3153: 3148: 3142: 3128: 3122: 3108: 3102: 3093: 3087: 3079: 3073: 3065: 3059: 3045: 3039: 3025: 3019: 3005: 2999: 2985: 2979: 2972: 2966: 2952: 2946: 2932: 2926: 2920: 2914: 2909: 2903: 2898: 2892: 2886: 2880: 2874: 2868: 2859: 2853: 2845: 2839: 2832: 2826: 2812: 2806: 2803: 2797: 2783: 2777: 2770: 2764: 2759: 2753: 2746: 2740: 2735: 2729: 2722: 2716: 2707: 2701: 2696:Snell, Mark A., 2694: 2688: 2683: 2677: 2663: 2657: 2650: 2644: 2639: 2633: 2628: 2622: 2614: 2608: 2594: 2588: 2574: 2568: 2561: 2555: 2548: 2542: 2537: 2531: 2517: 2511: 2504: 2498: 2493: 2487: 2478: 2472: 2465: 2459: 2452: 2446: 2439: 2433: 2428: 2422: 2416: 2410: 2398:Snell, Mark A., 2396: 2390: 2383: 2377: 2372: 2366: 2352: 2043:Tibbs, Eugenius 1688:Brooke, Hancock 1633:County/Counties 1630: 1626: 1343:Laidley, Albert 1285:County/Counties 1282: 1278: 1160:John B. Baldwin 1126: 1125: 997:Robert H. Milroy 859:Edwin M. Stanton 638:Robert W. Hunter 521:Gideon D. Camden 422:Hampshire County 394:George S. Patton 379:Jefferson County 185:"stars and bars" 105:Marshall M. Dent 101:Sherrard Clemens 4391: 4390: 4386: 4385: 4384: 4382: 4381: 4380: 4336: 4335: 4334: 4329: 4311: 4293: 4256: 4247: 4167: 4160: 4130: 4125: 4107: 3933:Las Californias 3909:Alta California 3824:United Colonies 3810:Alta California 3754: 3740: 3683: 3672:White, Robert, 3651:Tarter, Brent, 3504:Matheny, H.E., 3490:McKinney, Tim, 3476:McKinney, Tim, 3340: 3338:Further reading 3335: 3334: 3327: 3323: 3307: 3303: 3287: 3283: 3267: 3263: 3255: 3251: 3242: 3240: 3239:. Wvculture.org 3235: 3234: 3230: 3221: 3217: 3208: 3204: 3197: 3193: 3185: 3181: 3172: 3168: 3160: 3156: 3149: 3145: 3129: 3125: 3109: 3105: 3094: 3090: 3080: 3076: 3066: 3062: 3046: 3042: 3026: 3022: 3006: 3002: 2986: 2982: 2973: 2969: 2953: 2949: 2933: 2929: 2921: 2917: 2910: 2906: 2899: 2895: 2887: 2883: 2875: 2871: 2860: 2856: 2846: 2842: 2833: 2829: 2813: 2809: 2804: 2800: 2785:Matheny, H.E., 2784: 2780: 2771: 2767: 2760: 2756: 2747: 2743: 2736: 2732: 2723: 2719: 2708: 2704: 2695: 2691: 2684: 2680: 2665:Matheny, H.E., 2664: 2660: 2651: 2647: 2640: 2636: 2629: 2625: 2615: 2611: 2595: 2591: 2575: 2571: 2562: 2558: 2549: 2545: 2538: 2534: 2518: 2514: 2505: 2501: 2494: 2490: 2479: 2475: 2466: 2462: 2454:Tarter, Brent, 2453: 2449: 2440: 2436: 2429: 2425: 2417: 2413: 2397: 2393: 2384: 2380: 2373: 2369: 2353: 2349: 2344: 2297: 2131:Ferguson, J.M. 2098:Crawford, B.W. 2076:Cresap, C.J.P. 2032:Saunders, E.T. 2021:Hughes, Alfred 1977:Rowan, John M. 1966:Lively, Wilson 1911:Hoge, James M. 1878:Bowen, Rees T. 1809:Jackson, Roane 1746:Mathews, Mason 1475:Rowan, John M. 1464:Lively, Wilson 1420:Hunter, Andrew 1365:Mathews, Mason 1216:Henry Fitzhugh 1196:Walter Preston 1093: 1039:, Jan. 18, 1862 1037:Harper's Weekly 990:"Grumble" Jones 984:, July 29, 1861 982:Harper's Weekly 935:Jefferson Davis 928:John C. Fremont 900:Harper s Weekly 892: 839:William Hoffman 786: 781: 725: 668:special pardons 630: 625: 558:Robert Johnston 525:Harrison County 501: 351:John McCausland 273: 268: 173:"palmetto" flag 145: 123:or support the 70:Harrison County 66:Benjamin Wilson 38: 12: 11: 5: 4389: 4379: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4348: 4331: 4330: 4328: 4327: 4324: 4323:June 20, 1863. 4316: 4313: 4312: 4310: 4309: 4303: 4301: 4295: 4294: 4292: 4291: 4290: 4289: 4279: 4278: 4277: 4266: 4264: 4258: 4257: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4245: 4244: 4243: 4238: 4228: 4223: 4218: 4216:South Carolina 4213: 4211:North Carolina 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4177: 4175: 4169: 4168: 4159: 4158: 4151: 4144: 4136: 4127: 4126: 4124: 4123: 4112: 4109: 4108: 4106: 4105: 4099: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4063:South Carolina 4060: 4058:North Carolina 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4004: 3998: 3992: 3986: 3980: 3974: 3968: 3962: 3956: 3950: 3944: 3938: 3937: 3936: 3930: 3924: 3918: 3912: 3906: 3893: 3887: 3881: 3875: 3869: 3863: 3857: 3851: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3827: 3821: 3815: 3814: 3813: 3807: 3801: 3795: 3789: 3783: 3777: 3771: 3759: 3756: 3755: 3739: 3738: 3731: 3724: 3716: 3710: 3709: 3700: 3692: 3682: 3681:External links 3679: 3678: 3677: 3670: 3663: 3649: 3635: 3621: 3607: 3600: 3586: 3572: 3558: 3544: 3530: 3516: 3502: 3488: 3474: 3467: 3453: 3439: 3425: 3411: 3404: 3397: 3383: 3376: 3369: 3355: 3353:978-1526744449 3339: 3336: 3333: 3332: 3321: 3301: 3281: 3261: 3249: 3228: 3215: 3202: 3191: 3179: 3166: 3154: 3143: 3123: 3103: 3100:, June 9, 1863 3088: 3074: 3060: 3040: 3037:978-0595423033 3020: 3017:978-0806119823 3000: 2980: 2967: 2947: 2927: 2915: 2904: 2893: 2881: 2869: 2854: 2840: 2827: 2807: 2798: 2778: 2765: 2754: 2741: 2730: 2717: 2702: 2689: 2678: 2658: 2645: 2634: 2623: 2609: 2589: 2569: 2556: 2543: 2532: 2512: 2499: 2488: 2473: 2460: 2447: 2434: 2423: 2411: 2391: 2378: 2367: 2346: 2345: 2343: 2340: 2339: 2338: 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2296: 2293: 2290: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2279: 2278: 2275: 2274:Neeson, James 2272: 2268: 2267: 2264: 2261: 2257: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2246: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2235: 2234: 2231: 2228: 2224: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2213: 2212: 2209: 2208:Brannon, John 2206: 2202: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2191: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2180: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2169: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2158: 2157: 2154: 2153:Maguire, E.D. 2151: 2147: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2136: 2135: 2132: 2129: 2125: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2114: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2103: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2092: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2081: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2070: 2069: 2066: 2063: 2059: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2048: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2037: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2026: 2025: 2022: 2019: 2015: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2004: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1993: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1982: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1971: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1960: 1959: 1956: 1955:Stewart, D.B. 1953: 1949: 1948: 1945: 1944:Evans, Dudley 1942: 1938: 1937: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1926: 1923: 1920: 1916: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1905: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1894: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1883: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1872: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1861: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1850: 1849: 1846: 1843: 1839: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1828: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1817: 1816: 1813: 1810: 1806: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1795: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1784: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1773: 1772: 1769: 1766: 1762: 1761: 1758: 1755: 1751: 1750: 1747: 1744: 1740: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1729: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1718: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1707: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1696: 1695: 1692: 1689: 1685: 1684: 1681: 1678: 1674: 1673: 1670: 1667: 1663: 1662: 1659: 1656: 1652: 1651: 1648: 1645: 1641: 1640: 1637: 1634: 1623: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1612: 1611: 1608: 1607:Neeson, James 1605: 1601: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1590: 1589: 1586: 1583: 1579: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1568: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1557: 1556: 1553: 1552:Brannon, John 1550: 1546: 1545: 1542: 1539: 1535: 1534: 1531: 1528: 1524: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1513: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1502: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1491: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1480: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1469: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1458: 1457: 1454: 1451: 1447: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1436: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1414: 1413: 1410: 1407: 1403: 1402: 1399: 1396: 1392: 1391: 1388: 1387:Blue, Charles 1385: 1381: 1380: 1377: 1374: 1370: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1359: 1358: 1355: 1352: 1348: 1347: 1344: 1341: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1326: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1315: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1304: 1303: 1300: 1297: 1293: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1268: 1267: 1261: 1255: 1251: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1240: 1239: 1224: 1209: 1205: 1204: 1198: 1192: 1188: 1187: 1181: 1179:H.A. Edmonson 1175: 1171: 1170: 1164: 1158: 1154: 1153: 1147: 1141: 1137: 1136: 1133: 1130: 1092: 1089: 891: 888: 883:Castle Thunder 870:Jackson County 785: 782: 780: 777: 724: 721: 704:Calhoun County 664:Andrew Johnson 657:John H. Reagan 629: 628:Postal service 626: 624: 621: 548:Kanawha County 500: 497: 402:Kanawha Valley 381:, a cousin of 375:Edwin Gray Lee 288:Alfred Beckley 272: 269: 267: 264: 256:Alfred Beckley 196:Joseph Johnson 169:Barbour County 144: 141: 37: 34: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4388: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4347: 4344: 4343: 4341: 4325: 4322: 4318: 4317: 4314: 4308: 4305: 4304: 4302: 4300: 4296: 4288: 4285: 4284: 4283: 4280: 4276: 4273: 4272: 4271: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4259: 4254: 4242: 4239: 4237: 4236:West Virginia 4234: 4233: 4232: 4229: 4227: 4224: 4222: 4219: 4217: 4214: 4212: 4209: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4170: 4165: 4157: 4152: 4150: 4145: 4143: 4138: 4137: 4134: 4122: 4114: 4113: 4110: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4084: 4083:West Virginia 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 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3010: 3004: 2998: 2997:0-87049-971-8 2994: 2990: 2984: 2977: 2974:Maxwell, Hu, 2971: 2965: 2964:0-937058-73-4 2961: 2957: 2951: 2945: 2944:0-8139-1894-4 2941: 2937: 2931: 2924: 2919: 2913: 2908: 2902: 2897: 2890: 2885: 2878: 2873: 2867: 2865: 2858: 2852: 2850: 2844: 2837: 2831: 2825: 2824:0-87012-613-X 2821: 2817: 2811: 2802: 2796: 2795:0-9619132-0-7 2792: 2788: 2782: 2775: 2769: 2763: 2758: 2751: 2745: 2739: 2734: 2727: 2721: 2715: 2713: 2706: 2699: 2693: 2687: 2682: 2676: 2675:0-9619132-0-7 2672: 2668: 2662: 2655: 2649: 2643: 2638: 2632: 2627: 2621: 2620: 2613: 2607: 2606:0-9778498-0-5 2603: 2599: 2593: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2573: 2566: 2560: 2553: 2547: 2541: 2536: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2516: 2509: 2503: 2497: 2492: 2486: 2484: 2477: 2470: 2464: 2457: 2451: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2427: 2420: 2415: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2395: 2388: 2382: 2376: 2371: 2365: 2361: 2357: 2351: 2347: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2298: 2287: 2284: 2281: 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1830: 1829: 1825: 1822: 1819: 1818: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1803: 1801:Holden, L.W. 1800: 1797: 1796: 1792: 1789: 1786: 1785: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1774: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1763: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1752: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1741: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1708: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1697: 1693: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1682: 1679: 1676: 1675: 1671: 1668: 1665: 1664: 1660: 1657: 1654: 1653: 1649: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1631: 1620: 1617: 1614: 1613: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1591: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1580: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1569: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1514: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1503: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1492: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1481: 1477: 1474: 1471: 1470: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1459: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1426: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1415: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1404: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1393: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1382: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1371: 1367: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1349: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1327: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1316: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1305: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1294: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1283: 1277: 1274: 1266: 1262: 1260: 1256: 1253: 1252: 1248: 1245: 1242: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1229: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1203: 1199: 1197: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1186: 1182: 1180: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1165: 1163: 1162:John Letcher 1159: 1156: 1155: 1152: 1148: 1146: 1142: 1139: 1138: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1127: 1124: 1121: 1117: 1110: 1105: 1097: 1088: 1084: 1082: 1078: 1072: 1068: 1066: 1061: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1038: 1033: 1029: 1027: 1022: 1021:Tucker County 1016: 1014: 1010: 1005: 1003: 998: 993: 991: 983: 978: 974: 972: 968: 964: 960: 956: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 931: 929: 924: 920: 916: 911: 909: 901: 896: 887: 884: 878: 875: 871: 867: 862: 860: 856: 855:Bishop Whelan 850: 846: 844: 840: 835: 832: 830: 829:Edwin Stanton 826: 822: 818: 809: 801: 797: 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Stuart 534: 530: 526: 522: 513: 505: 496: 493: 489: 487: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 458: 454: 451: 447: 446:Hanse McNeill 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 390: 388: 384: 383:Robert E. Lee 380: 376: 372: 368: 367:Monroe County 364: 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 336: 335:Cabell County 332: 323: 319: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 277: 263: 261: 257: 253: 252:Henry A. Wise 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 227: 225: 219: 217: 216:Putnam County 207: 203: 201: 197: 192: 190: 186: 182: 181:Cabell County 178: 174: 170: 161: 157: 149: 140: 138: 134: 130: 126: 122: 118: 114: 110: 106: 102: 97: 95: 91: 87: 83: 79: 78:Upshur County 75: 71: 67: 62: 54: 50: 42: 33: 30: 25: 23: 19: 4240: 4082: 3898:(1823–1824) 3704: 3696: 3688: 3673: 3666: 3652: 3638: 3624: 3610: 3603: 3589: 3575: 3561: 3547: 3533: 3519: 3505: 3491: 3477: 3470: 3456: 3442: 3428: 3414: 3407: 3400: 3386: 3379: 3372: 3358: 3344: 3324: 3309: 3304: 3289: 3284: 3269: 3264: 3256: 3252: 3241:. 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His 294:, and 4321:Union 4226:Texas 4073:Texas 3780:Tejas 2342:Notes 2150:Wood 2018:Ohio 2007:Ohio 1996:Ohio 1636:Name 1288:Name 1202:935* 1185:876* 1149:1632 913:Gen. 598:Henry 406:Floyd 3657:ISBN 3643:ISBN 3629:ISBN 3615:ISBN 3594:ISBN 3580:ISBN 3566:ISBN 3552:ISBN 3538:ISBN 3524:ISBN 3510:ISBN 3496:ISBN 3482:ISBN 3461:ISBN 3447:ISBN 3433:ISBN 3419:ISBN 3391:ISBN 3363:ISBN 3349:ISBN 3314:ISBN 3294:ISBN 3274:ISBN 3136:ISBN 3116:ISBN 3053:ISBN 3033:ISBN 3013:ISBN 2993:ISBN 2960:ISBN 2940:ISBN 2820:ISBN 2791:ISBN 2671:ISBN 2602:ISBN 2582:ISBN 2525:ISBN 2404:ISBN 2360:ISBN 1265:104 1263:129 1249:709 1234:211 1231:481 1228:604 1226:740 1151:643 771:and 698:and 410:Wise 408:and 337:and 258:and 3746:or 1254:16 1243:15 1208:14 1191:13 1174:12 1157:11 1140:10 694:to 580:of 546:of 523:of 468:of 420:of 396:of 377:of 365:of 353:of 341:of 333:of 302:of 20:in 4342:: 1237:2 961:, 957:, 953:, 949:, 945:, 941:, 868:, 767:, 751:. 702:, 290:, 191:. 179:, 88:, 4155:e 4148:t 4141:v 3735:e 3728:t 3721:v 3708:. 3246:.

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Knowledge

Confederate government of West Virginia

Index