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Condition (SQL)

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handling NULL values in conditions, making it essential to carefully structure queries to account for the "Unknown" state that arises in certain comparisons with NULL values. Proper use of these advanced conditions enhances the flexibility and robustness of SQL queries, particularly in complex data retrieval and reporting environments.
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simplifies the process of handling NULL values by returning the first non-NULL value in a given list of expressions, which is especially useful in scenarios where data might be incomplete or missing. Furthermore, SQL's support for three-valued logic (True, False, Unknown) introduces nuances when
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expression, for example, enables SQL to perform conditional branching within queries, providing a mechanism to return different values based on evaluated conditions. This logic can be particularly useful for data transformation during retrieval, especially in SELECT statements. Meanwhile,
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In addition to basic equality and inequality conditions, SQL allows for more complex conditional logic through constructs such as
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EXISTS and NOT EXISTS look for the existence or nonexistence of rows in a subquery result.
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Many conditions compare values for (for example) equality, inequality or similarity.
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SQL Routines and Types for the Java Programming Language
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standard's reserved and non-reserved keywords. EXISTS
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Peachpit Press. p.  752: 714: 737:SQL Keywords The appendix lists the 368: 212:to determine whether rows exist in a 160: 120:relational database management system 231:one row of data from a table called 164: 44:adding citations to reliable sources 15: 13: 680:Information and Definition Schemas 14: 805: 336:Advanced Conditional Logic in SQL 168: 20: 31:needs additional citations for 746: 708: 204:The EXISTS condition uses the 1: 701: 756:SQL: Visual Quickstart Guide 718:SQL: Visual Quickstart Guide 274:To identify whether a table 7: 670:Management of External Data 235:with a primary key column ( 220: 10: 810: 690:XML-Related Specifications 282:— use the condition 665:Persistent Stored Modules 642: 621: 468: 402: 675:Object Language Bindings 288: 245: 394: 753:Fehily, Chris (2005). 715:Fehily, Chris (2005). 284:having count(*) > 1 660:Call-Level Interface 55:"Condition" SQL 40:improve this article 634:Relational database 180:. You can help by 161:Types of condition 770:978-0-321-33417-6 732:978-0-321-33417-6 698: 697: 643:ISO/IEC SQL parts 198: 197: 157:subsets of data. 116: 115: 108: 90: 801: 778: 777: 750: 744: 743: 712: 614: 607: 600: 593: 586: 579: 572: 565: 558: 551: 544: 537: 530: 523: 516: 509: 502: 495: 488: 481: 389: 382: 375: 366: 365: 360: 355: 351: 347: 343: 331: 328: 325: 322: 319: 316: 313: 310: 307: 304: 301: 298: 295: 292: 270: 267: 264: 261: 258: 255: 252: 249: 229: 211: 193: 190: 172: 165: 155: 146: 138: 111: 104: 100: 97: 91: 89: 48: 24: 16: 809: 808: 804: 803: 802: 800: 799: 798: 784: 783: 782: 781: 771: 751: 747: 733: 713: 709: 704: 699: 694: 638: 617: 610: 603: 596: 589: 582: 575: 568: 561: 554: 547: 540: 533: 526: 519: 512: 505: 498: 491: 484: 477: 464: 398: 393: 358: 353: 349: 345: 341: 338: 333: 332: 329: 326: 323: 320: 317: 314: 311: 308: 305: 302: 299: 296: 293: 290: 272: 271: 268: 265: 262: 259: 256: 253: 250: 247: 227: 223: 209: 194: 188: 185: 178:needs expansion 163: 151: 144: 141:clauses and in 136: 112: 101: 95: 92: 49: 47: 37: 25: 12: 11: 5: 807: 797: 796: 780: 779: 769: 745: 731: 706: 705: 703: 700: 696: 695: 693: 692: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 646: 644: 640: 639: 637: 636: 631: 625: 623: 619: 618: 616: 615: 608: 601: 594: 587: 580: 573: 566: 559: 552: 545: 538: 531: 524: 517: 510: 503: 496: 489: 482: 474: 472: 466: 465: 463: 462: 457: 452: 447: 442: 437: 432: 427: 422: 417: 412: 406: 404: 400: 399: 392: 391: 384: 377: 369: 337: 334: 289: 246: 222: 219: 218: 217: 202: 196: 195: 175: 173: 162: 159: 114: 113: 28: 26: 19: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 806: 795: 792: 791: 789: 776: 772: 766: 762: 758: 757: 749: 742: 740: 734: 728: 724: 720: 719: 711: 707: 691: 688: 686: 683: 681: 678: 676: 673: 671: 668: 666: 663: 661: 658: 656: 653: 651: 648: 647: 645: 641: 635: 632: 630: 627: 626: 624: 620: 613: 609: 606: 602: 599: 595: 592: 588: 585: 581: 578: 574: 571: 567: 564: 560: 557: 553: 550: 546: 543: 539: 536: 532: 529: 525: 522: 518: 515: 511: 508: 504: 501: 497: 494: 490: 487: 483: 480: 476: 475: 473: 471: 467: 461: 458: 456: 453: 451: 448: 446: 443: 441: 438: 436: 433: 431: 428: 426: 423: 421: 418: 416: 413: 411: 408: 407: 405: 401: 397: 390: 385: 383: 378: 376: 371: 370: 367: 363: 287: 285: 281: 277: 244: 242: 238: 234: 230: 215: 207: 203: 200: 199: 192: 183: 179: 176:This section 174: 171: 167: 166: 158: 156: 154: 148: 147: 140: 139: 132: 128: 125: 121: 110: 107: 99: 96:December 2009 88: 85: 81: 78: 74: 71: 67: 64: 60: 57: –  56: 52: 51:Find sources: 45: 41: 35: 34: 29:This article 27: 23: 18: 17: 774: 755: 748: 736: 723:439–440, 480 717: 710: 339: 283: 279: 275: 273: 240: 236: 232: 226: 224: 206:SQL standard 186: 182:adding to it 177: 150: 142: 134: 126: 117: 102: 93: 83: 76: 69: 62: 50: 38:Please help 33:verification 30: 149:clauses to 131:expressions 702:References 655:Foundation 629:Edgar Codd 127:conditions 66:newspapers 650:Framework 189:July 2010 788:Category 739:SQL:2003 584:Truncate 556:Order by 514:Group by 470:Keywords 460:SQL:2023 455:SQL:2016 450:SQL:2011 445:SQL:2008 440:SQL:2006 435:SQL:2003 430:SQL:1999 403:Versions 359:COALESCE 346:COALESCE 241:pk = 100 221:Examples 214:subquery 208:keyword 622:Related 570:Prepare 216:result. 80:scholar 767:  729:  598:Update 577:Select 528:Insert 521:Having 500:Delete 493:Create 425:SQL-92 420:SQL-89 415:SQL-86 410:SEQUEL 352:. The 350:NULLIF 348:, and 312:HAVING 291:SELECT 248:SELECT 228:SELECT 210:EXISTS 153:SELECT 145:HAVING 82:  75:  68:  61:  53:  605:Where 591:Union 542:Merge 315:count 303:GROUP 260:WHERE 137:WHERE 122:uses 87:JSTOR 73:books 765:ISBN 727:ISBN 612:With 563:Over 549:Null 535:Join 507:From 486:Case 354:CASE 342:CASE 327:> 297:FROM 254:FROM 59:news 794:SQL 761:278 396:SQL 300:tab 276:tab 269:100 257:tab 233:tab 225:To 184:. 133:in 129:or 124:SQL 42:by 790:: 773:. 763:. 735:. 725:. 479:As 344:, 309:dk 306:BY 294:dk 286:: 280:dk 263:pk 243:: 237:pk 118:A 388:e 381:t 374:v 330:1 324:) 321:* 318:( 266:= 251:* 191:) 187:( 109:) 103:( 98:) 94:( 84:· 77:· 70:· 63:· 36:.

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verification
improve this article
adding citations to reliable sources
"Condition" SQL
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relational database management system
SQL
expressions
WHERE
HAVING
SELECT

adding to it
SQL standard
subquery
v
t
e
SQL
SEQUEL
SQL-86
SQL-89
SQL-92
SQL:1999

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