6029:
take the powerful RANGE clause as an example. Only Oracle, DB2, Spark/Hive, and Google Big Query fully implement this feature. More recently, vendors have added new extensions to the standard, e.g. array aggregation functions. These are particularly useful in the context of running SQL against a distributed file system (Hadoop, Spark, Google BigQuery) where we have weaker data co-locality guarantees than on a distributed relational database (MPP). Rather than evenly distributing the data across all nodes, SQL engines running queries against a distributed filesystem can achieve data co-locality guarantees by nesting data and thus avoiding potentially expensive joins involving heavy shuffling across the network. User-defined aggregate functions that can be used in window functions are another extremely powerful feature.
2437:
is an approach used to limit and display only a part of the total data of a query in the database. Instead of showing hundreds or thousands of rows at the same time, the server is requested only one page (a limited set of rows, per example only 10 rows), and the user starts navigating by requesting
6028:
The implementation of window function features by vendors of relational databases and SQL engines differs wildly. Most databases support at least some flavour of window functions. However, when we take a closer look it becomes clear that most vendors only implement a subset of the standard. Let's
808:
In the following example, the SQL statement involves a join from the initial Books table to the derived table "Sales". This derived table captures associated book sales information using the ISBN to join to the Books table. As a result, the derived table provides the result set with additional
678:. While joins and other table operations provide computationally superior (i.e. faster) alternatives in many cases (all depending on implementation), the use of subqueries introduces a hierarchy in execution that can be useful or necessary. In the following example, the aggregation function
796:
A derived table is a subquery in a FROM clause. Essentially, the derived table is a subquery that can be selected from or joined to. Derived table functionality allows the user to reference the subquery as a table. The derived table also is referred to as an
1506:
Often it is convenient to indicate a maximum number of rows that are returned. This can be used for testing or to prevent consuming excessive resources if the query returns more information than expected. The approach to do this often varies per vendor.
2438:
the next page, and then the next one, and so on. It is very useful, specially in web systems, where there is no dedicated connection between the client and the server, so the client does not have to wait to read and display all the rows of the server.
1546:
According to
PostgreSQL v.9 documentation, an SQL window function "performs a calculation across a set of table rows that are somehow related to the current row", in a way similar to aggregate functions. The name recalls signal processing
1494:
Although not in standard, most DBMS allows using a select clause without a table by pretending that an imaginary table with one row is used. This is mainly used to perform calculations where a table is not needed.
1427:, except that in the general case, the result may contain duplicate rows. This is also known as a Vertical Partition in some database terms, restricting query output to view only specified fields or columns.
1854:
6018:
the ORDER BY clause is evaluated, ordering the rows and returning VCursor9. This is a cursor and not a table because ANSI defines a cursor as an ordered set of rows (not relational).
386:
The example below demonstrates a query of multiple tables, grouping, and aggregation, by returning a list of books and the number of authors associated with each book.
1467:
will be performed, because of the WHERE clause. This is also known as a
Horizontal Partition, restricting rows output by a query according to specified conditions.
489:
Title
Authors ---------------------- ------- SQL Examples and Guide 4 The Joy of SQL 1 An Introduction to SQL 2 Pitfalls of SQL 1
6475:
5674:
the FROM clause is evaluated, a cross join or
Cartesian product is produced for the first two tables in the FROM clause resulting in a virtual table as Vtable1
6796:
6791:
1846:
This clause currently is supported by CA DATACOM/DB 11, IBM DB2, SAP SQL Anywhere, PostgreSQL, EffiProz, H2, HSQLDB version 2.0, Oracle 12c and
1511:
565:
However, many vendors either do not support this approach, or require certain column-naming conventions for natural joins to work effectively.
298:
clause identifies which column to use to sort the resulting data, and in which direction to sort them (ascending or descending). Without an
5680:
If an outer join is specified, records which were dropped from vTable2 are added into VTable 3, for instance if the above query were:
1491:
will result in every combination of T1 rows with every T2 rows. E.g., if T1 has 3 rows and T2 has 5 rows, then 15 rows will result.
781:
6561:
6556:
5677:
the ON clause is evaluated for vtable1; only records which meet the join condition g.Userid = u.Userid are inserted into Vtable2
1498:
The SELECT clause specifies a list of properties (columns) by name, or the wildcard character (“*”) to mean “all properties”.
5562:
The OVER clause can partition and order the result set. Ordering is used for order-relative functions such as row_number.
1794:
The above code could return more than ten rows, e.g. if there are two people of the same age, it could return eleven rows.
572:
to project data, as in the following example, which returns a list of books that cost more than 100.00 with an additional
6481:
568:
SQL includes operators and functions for calculating values on stored values. SQL allows the use of expressions in the
5885:
the HAVING clause is evaluated for groups for which the HAVING clause is true and inserted into vTable6. For example:
6382:
6343:
1938:
Some DBMSs offer non-standard syntax either instead of or in addition to SQL standard syntax. Below, variants of the
1457:
will result in all the elements of all the rows where the value of column C1 is '1' being shown – in
6486:
1668:
is not unique, each time you run the query it is possible to get different row numbers assigned to any rows where
260:
is often used in conjunction with SQL aggregation functions or to eliminate duplicate rows from a result set. The
69:" as it is responsible for finding the best possible execution plan for the query, within applicable constraints.
1419:
87:
65:" which may vary between executions, database versions and database software. This functionality is called the "
61:
queries specify a result set, but do not specify how to calculate it. The database translates the query into a "
5781:
the WHERE clause is evaluated, in this case only group information for user John Smith would be added to vTable4
1463:
123:
1417:
will result in the elements from the column C1 of all the rows of the table being shown. This is similar to a
6528:
1470:
With more than one table, the result set will be every combination of rows. So if two tables are T1 and T2,
2159:(row numbers are filtered after order by is evaluated. SKIP clause was introduced in a v10.00.xC4 fixpack)
5882:
vTable5 would consist of members returned from vTable4 arranged by the grouping, in this case the GroupName
103:
249:
clause eliminates all rows from the result set where the comparison predicate does not evaluate to True.
2311:
2272:
2177:
1661:
190:
50:
204:
A query includes a list of columns to include in the final result, normally immediately following the
2238:
2069:
4029:
6406:
6496:
769:
54:
6452:
Inside
Microsoft SQL Server 2005: T-SQL Querying by Itzik Ben-Gan, Lubor Kollar, and Dejan Sarka
212:") can be used to specify that the query should return all columns of all the queried tables.
6852:
6704:
245:
clause includes a comparison predicate, which restricts the rows returned by the query. The
178:
statements have no persistent effects on the database. Some non-standard implementations of
6732:
2173:
1977:
670:
Queries can be nested so that the results of one query can be used in another query via a
8:
6775:
6271:
2065:
1528:
762:
671:
201:, and performing the physical operations necessary to produce that result as it chooses.
6310:
325:
column contains a value greater than 100.00. The result is sorted in ascending order by
6611:
6419:
5491:
5476:
2475:
Read all rows but send to display only when the row_number of the rows read is between
1521:
1458:
1424:
773:
216:
is the most complex statement in SQL, with optional keywords and clauses that include:
135:
84:
6491:
6521:
6378:
6339:
6286:
6015:
the DISTINCT clause is evaluated; duplicate rows are removed and returned as Vtable 8
5480:
2124:
80:
784:
allows tree or graph traversals (when represented as relations), and more generally
768:
Since 1999 the SQL standard allows WITH clauses, i.e. named subqueries often called
5570:
The processing of a SELECT statement according to ANSI SQL would be the following:
2540:
rows but send to display only when the row_number of the rows read is greater than
2523:
2181:
2061:
772:(named and designed after the IBM DB2 version 2 implementation; Oracle calls these
171:
31:
6356:
Although the UNIQUE argument is identical to DISTINCT, it is not an ANSI standard.
6372:
6333:
2108:
1548:
198:
66:
42:
38:
4030:
Method with filter (it is more sophisticated but necessary for very big dataset)
2529:
Select all the rows from the beginning of the table to the last row to display (
6725:
6655:
6465:
Horizontal & Vertical
Partitioning, Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Books Online.
4084:
of the first row in the current page), and sort the result in the correct order
2057:
761:
A subquery can use values from the outer query, in which case it is known as a
317:
query returns a list of expensive books. The query retrieves all rows from the
294:
150:
130:
122:
specifies which rows to retrieve. This is approximately the relational algebra
6846:
6770:
6711:
1692:
rows in case of tie conditions, e.g. to return the top-10 youngest persons:
6821:
6739:
6669:
6662:
6641:
6634:
6514:
5778:
all users who did not belong to any groups would be added back into Vtable3
2255:
2156:
2140:
2033:
273:
142:
6501:
6371:; Leon, Mathews (1999). "Eliminating duplicates - SELECT using DISTINCT".
1399:
will result in all the elements of all the rows of the table being shown.
83:
or SQL expressions to be returned by the query. This is approximately the
6746:
6683:
6620:
6368:
6134:
SQL Server 2008 supports the "row constructor" feature, specified in the
4068:
Previous Page: sort the data in the reverse order, select only the first
496:
is the only common column name of the two tables and that a column named
241:
118:
94:
809:
columns (the number of items sold and the company that sold the books):
6753:
6690:
6676:
6648:
6627:
6377:. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education (published 2008). p. 143.
6299:
Omitting FROM clause is not standard, but allowed by most major DBMSes.
2037:
1688:
window function acts like ROW_NUMBER, but may return more or less than
232:
222:
194:
110:
62:
27:
16:
SQL statement that returns a result set of rows from one or more tables
2462:= Number of the row - 1 where the page starts = (page_number-1) * rows
1806:
results limits can be specified as in the following example using the
256:
clause projects rows having common values into a smaller set of rows.
2049:
1847:
777:
6395:
the keyword DISTINCT eliminates the duplicates from the result set.
6697:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6135:
5487:
2423:(new rows are filtered after comparing with key column of table T)
2222:
2189:
1803:
1536:
1514:
785:
277:
clause includes a predicate used to filter rows resulting from the
5534:
calculates the sum of the populations of all rows having the same
98:
optionally provides an alias for each column or expression in the
6831:
6826:
6816:
6811:
6806:
6801:
2420:
2366:
2053:
2029:
2021:
504:
table, one could re-write the query above in the following form:
2524:
Other simple method (a little more efficient than read all rows)
302:
clause, the order of rows returned by an SQL query is undefined.
226:
clause, which indicates the table(s) to retrieve data from. The
37:
A SELECT statement retrieves zero or more rows from one or more
6566:
6551:
2185:
2045:
2041:
6407:
PostgreSQL 9.1.24 Documentation - Chapter 3. Advanced
Features
6338:. SAS Institute (published 2013). 10 July 2013. p. 248.
2025:
576:
column containing a sales tax figure calculated at 6% of the
189:
Queries allow the user to describe desired data, leaving the
4089:
Read and send to display all the rows read from the database
3013:
Read and send to display all the rows read from the database
1570:
on the returned rows, e.g. to return no more than ten rows:
6023:
674:
or aggregation function. A nested query is also known as a
2032:(also supports the standard version, since version 10.6),
6537:
2466:
1676:
is unique, each row will always get a unique row number.
166:
is the most common operation in SQL, called "the query".
20:
6827:
SQL Routines and Types for the Java
Programming Language
146:
selects among the groups defined by the GROUP BY clause.
1980:(This also works on Microsoft SQL Server 6.5 while the
6506:
6315:. SQL Server 2005 Books Online. Microsoft. 2007-09-15
6012:
the SELECT list is evaluated and returned as Vtable 7
5784:
the GROUP BY is evaluated; if the above query were:
4053:rows, depending on the type of database, where the
236:
subclauses to specify the rules for joining tables.
2258:(also supports the standard, since version 9.0.1)
6302:
2040:(also supports the standard, since version 8.4),
285:clause, aggregation functions can be used in the
6844:
72:The SELECT statement has many optional clauses:
6037:Method to generate data based on the union all
1558:
5545:clause which modifies the aggregate. Syntax:
2441:
281:clause. Because it acts on the results of the
6522:
6417:
486:Example output might resemble the following:
3006:rows starting from the next row to display (
1551:. A window function call always contains an
1356:
1290:
1229:
1205:
1144:
1121:
1072:
1040:
991:
682:receives as input the result of a subquery:
337:table should be included in the result set.
6032:
114:specifies from which table to get the data.
6529:
6515:
6476:Windowed Tables and Window function in SQL
5494:applied to a partition of the result set.
2996:
134:groups rows sharing a property so that an
6269:
1876:clauses are all required for this usage.
1679:
182:can have persistent effects, such as the
154:specifies how to order the returned rows.
6411:
6367:
6024:Window function support by RDBMS vendors
5565:
4046:rows, depending on the type of database
1942:query for different DBMSes are listed:
1501:
6845:
2467:Simplest method (but very inefficient)
1933:
1517:, result sets may be limited by using
6510:
5558: :: = OVER ( )
5470:
1853:Microsoft SQL Server 2008 and higher
1797:
102:list. This is the relational algebra
4065:of the last row in the current page)
5541:Partitions are specified using the
1860:, but it is considered part of the
186:syntax provided in some databases.
13:
6822:Information and Definition Schemas
6335:SAS 9.4 SQL Procedure User's Guide
4042:First Page: select only the first
2429:
333:indicates that all columns of the
309:keyword eliminates duplicate data.
14:
6864:
6469:
6284:
6272:"Transact-SQL Syntax Conventions"
4049:Next Page: select only the first
2472:Select all rows from the database
191:database management system (DBMS)
6420:"9.19.10. The TOP SELECT Option"
791:
170:retrieves data from one or more
6446:
1471:
1431:
1430:With the same table, the query
1403:
1402:With the same table, the query
1385:
1325:
1259:
1174:
1102:
1021:
6437:
6400:
6361:
6326:
6293:
6278:
6263:
1:
6312:SQL Server Language Reference
6256:
2241:(skips 20, delivers next 10)
665:
264:clause is applied before the
138:can be applied to each group.
2456:= Number of the current page
1559:ROW_NUMBER() window function
1355:
1321:
1289:
1228:
1204:
1143:
1120:
1071:
1039:
990:
780:by referring to themselves;
492:Under the precondition that
230:clause can include optional
7:
6812:Management of External Data
2442:Data in Pagination approach
976:
972:
313:The following example of a
174:, or expressions. Standard
158:
53:(DML) command. As SQL is a
10:
6869:
6832:XML-Related Specifications
6459:
6309:"Transact-SQL Reference".
5538:value as the current row.
2450:= Number of rows in a page
329:. The asterisk (*) in the
51:data manipulation language
49:is the most commonly used
30:of rows, from one or more
6807:Persistent Stored Modules
6784:
6763:
6610:
6544:
6374:SQL: A Complete Reference
6270:Microsoft (23 May 2023).
6817:Object Language Bindings
6497:PostgreSQL SELECT syntax
6140:
6039:
6033:Generating data in T-SQL
5886:
5785:
5681:
5575:
5547:
5499:
5329:
5230:
5155:
5150:Sybase, SQL Server 2000
5027:
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2901:Sybase, SQL Server 2000
2832:
2767:
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2485:
2373:
2319:
2279:
2196:
2076:
1989:
1948:
1878:
1812:
1694:
1572:
811:
770:common table expressions
684:
582:
506:
388:
339:
45:. In most applications,
6536:
6443:Ing. Ă“scar Bonilla, MBA
5475:Some databases provide
2997:Method with positioning
2152:* FROM T order by c, d
1531:to the SELECT-statement
782:the resulting mechanism
208:keyword. An asterisk ("
55:declarative programming
6487:Firebird SELECT syntax
1982:Select top 10 * from T
1680:RANK() window function
5566:Query evaluation ANSI
5486:A window function in
2538:{begin_base_0 + rows}
2531:{begin_base_0 + rows}
2481:{begin_base_0 + rows}
1381:Given a table T, the
6802:Call-Level Interface
6502:SQLite SELECT syntax
6482:Oracle SELECT syntax
2314:(since version 2.1)
2136:* FROM T order by a
1502:Limiting result rows
776:). CTEs can also be
79:list is the list of
26:statement returns a
6776:Relational database
6492:MySQL SELECT syntax
6424:docs.openlinksw.com
6418:OpenLink Software.
6287:"SQL SELECT Syntax"
3332:Sybase, ASE 16 SP2
2827:Sybase, ASE 16 SP2
2066:Snowflake Computing
1934:Non-standard syntax
1529:SQL window function
803:select in from list
763:correlated subquery
672:relational operator
500:only exists in the
321:table in which the
5492:aggregate function
5477:specialised syntax
5471:Hierarchical query
4080:(the value of the
4061:(the value of the
4039:rows with filter:
3008:{begin_base_0 + 1}
2477:{begin_base_0 + 1}
2249:TOP 10 START AT 20
1798:FETCH FIRST clause
1672:is the same. When
1660:ROW_NUMBER can be
1566:may be used for a
1459:relational algebra
1425:relational algebra
774:subquery factoring
136:aggregate function
85:relational algebra
6840:
6839:
6785:ISO/IEC SQL parts
5481:hierarchical data
5468:
5467:
4035:Select only then
4024:
4023:
2991:
2990:
2427:
2426:
2239:OpenLink Virtuoso
2070:OpenLink Virtuoso
1662:non-deterministic
1564:ROW_NUMBER() OVER
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289:clause predicate.
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6478:, Stefan DeĂźloch
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5165:
5162:
5159:
5145:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5133:
5130:
5127:
5124:
5121:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5109:
5106:
5103:
5100:
5097:
5094:
5091:
5088:
5085:
5082:
5079:
5076:
5073:
5070:
5067:
5064:
5061:
5058:
5055:
5052:
5049:
5046:
5043:
5040:
5037:
5034:
5031:
5022:
5019:
5016:
5013:
5010:
5007:
5004:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4989:
4986:
4983:
4980:
4977:
4974:
4971:
4968:
4965:
4962:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4935:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4920:
4917:
4914:
4911:
4908:
4905:
4902:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4890:
4887:
4884:
4881:
4872:SQL Server 2005
4867:
4864:
4861:
4858:
4855:
4852:
4849:
4846:
4843:
4840:
4837:
4834:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:
4810:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4768:
4765:
4756:
4753:
4750:
4747:
4744:
4741:
4738:
4735:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4714:
4711:
4708:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4672:
4669:
4666:
4663:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4648:
4645:
4642:
4639:
4623:
4620:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4608:
4605:
4602:
4599:
4596:
4593:
4590:
4587:
4584:
4581:
4578:
4575:
4572:
4569:
4566:
4563:
4560:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4539:
4536:
4533:
4530:
4527:
4524:
4521:
4512:
4509:
4506:
4503:
4500:
4497:
4494:
4491:
4488:
4485:
4482:
4479:
4476:
4473:
4470:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4449:
4446:
4437:
4434:
4431:
4428:
4425:
4422:
4419:
4416:
4413:
4410:
4407:
4404:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4369:
4366:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4351:
4348:
4345:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4324:
4321:
4318:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4306:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4294:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4249:
4246:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4234:
4231:
4228:
4225:
4222:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4210:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4177:
4174:
4165:
4162:
4159:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4138:
4135:
4132:
4129:
4126:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4114:
4093:
4092:
4083:
4079:
4075:
4072:rows, where the
4071:
4064:
4060:
4057:is greater than
4056:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3967:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3946:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3910:
3907:
3904:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3877:SQL Server 2000
3872:
3869:
3866:
3863:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3845:
3842:
3839:
3836:
3833:
3830:
3827:
3824:
3821:
3818:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3791:
3788:
3785:
3782:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3740:
3737:
3734:
3731:
3728:
3719:SQL Server 2005
3711:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3648:
3645:
3642:
3639:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3621:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3595:
3592:
3589:
3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3571:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3508:
3505:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3484:
3481:
3478:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3455:
3452:
3449:
3446:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3425:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3395:
3392:
3389:
3386:
3383:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3347:
3344:
3341:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3306:
3303:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3270:
3252:
3249:
3246:
3243:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3225:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3207:
3204:
3201:
3198:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3160:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3038:
3035:
3032:
3017:
3016:
3009:
3005:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2836:
2822:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2762:SQL Server 2005
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2654:
2651:
2648:
2645:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2577:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2532:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2482:
2478:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2415:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2383:
2380:
2377:
2361:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2326:
2323:
2306:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2269:
2266:FIRST 10 SKIP 20
2256:SAP SQL Anywhere
2252:
2235:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2170:
2153:
2150:SKIP 20 FIRST 10
2137:
2121:
2103:
2102:
2099:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2062:Couchbase Server
2034:SAP SQL Anywhere
2016:
2015:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1945:
1944:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1901:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1858:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1809:
1790:
1787:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1687:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1565:
1549:window functions
1542:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1291:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1230:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1145:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1073:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
992:
977:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
914:
911:
908:
905:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
887:
884:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
821:
818:
815:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
742:
739:
736:
733:
730:
727:
724:
721:
718:
715:
712:
709:
706:
703:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
681:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
561:
558:
555:
552:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
482:
479:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
452:
449:
446:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
404:
401:
398:
395:
392:
382:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
316:
308:
301:
297:
288:
284:
280:
276:
267:
263:
259:
255:
248:
244:
235:
229:
225:
215:
211:
207:
185:
181:
177:
169:
165:
153:
145:
133:
121:
113:
101:
97:
78:
60:
48:
6868:
6867:
6863:
6862:
6861:
6859:
6858:
6857:
6843:
6842:
6841:
6836:
6780:
6759:
6752:
6745:
6738:
6731:
6724:
6717:
6710:
6703:
6696:
6689:
6682:
6675:
6668:
6661:
6654:
6647:
6640:
6633:
6626:
6619:
6606:
6540:
6535:
6472:
6462:
6457:
6456:
6451:
6447:
6442:
6438:
6428:
6426:
6416:
6412:
6405:
6401:
6389:
6387:
6385:
6366:
6362:
6350:
6348:
6346:
6332:
6331:
6327:
6318:
6316:
6308:
6307:
6303:
6298:
6294:
6283:
6279:
6268:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6253:
6250:
6247:
6244:
6241:
6238:
6235:
6232:
6229:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6217:
6214:
6211:
6208:
6205:
6202:
6199:
6196:
6193:
6190:
6187:
6184:
6181:
6178:
6175:
6172:
6169:
6166:
6163:
6160:
6157:
6154:
6151:
6148:
6145:
6142:
6132:
6131:
6128:
6125:
6122:
6119:
6116:
6113:
6110:
6107:
6104:
6101:
6098:
6095:
6092:
6089:
6086:
6083:
6080:
6077:
6074:
6071:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6059:
6056:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6044:
6041:
6035:
6026:
6021:
6009:
6008:
6005:
6002:
5999:
5996:
5993:
5990:
5987:
5984:
5981:
5978:
5975:
5972:
5969:
5966:
5963:
5960:
5957:
5954:
5951:
5948:
5945:
5942:
5939:
5936:
5933:
5930:
5927:
5925:NumberOfMembers
5924:
5921:
5918:
5915:
5912:
5909:
5906:
5903:
5900:
5897:
5894:
5891:
5888:
5881:
5880:
5877:
5874:
5871:
5868:
5865:
5862:
5859:
5856:
5853:
5850:
5847:
5844:
5841:
5838:
5835:
5832:
5829:
5826:
5824:NumberOfMembers
5823:
5820:
5817:
5814:
5811:
5808:
5805:
5802:
5799:
5796:
5793:
5790:
5787:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5770:
5767:
5764:
5761:
5758:
5756:'Smith'
5755:
5752:
5749:
5746:
5743:
5740:
5737:
5734:
5731:
5728:
5725:
5722:
5719:
5716:
5713:
5710:
5707:
5704:
5701:
5698:
5695:
5692:
5689:
5686:
5683:
5671:
5670:
5667:
5664:
5661:
5658:
5655:
5652:
5650:'Smith'
5649:
5646:
5643:
5640:
5637:
5634:
5631:
5628:
5625:
5622:
5619:
5616:
5613:
5610:
5607:
5604:
5601:
5598:
5595:
5592:
5589:
5586:
5583:
5580:
5577:
5568:
5560:
5559:
5555:
5552:
5549:
5532:
5531:
5528:
5525:
5522:
5519:
5516:
5513:
5510:
5507:
5504:
5501:
5473:
5461:
5460:
5457:
5454:
5451:
5448:
5445:
5442:
5439:
5436:
5433:
5430:
5427:
5424:
5421:
5418:
5415:
5412:
5409:
5406:
5403:
5400:
5397:
5394:
5391:
5388:
5385:
5382:
5379:
5376:
5373:
5370:
5367:
5364:
5361:
5358:
5355:
5352:
5349:
5346:
5343:
5340:
5337:
5334:
5331:
5326:
5325:
5322:
5319:
5316:
5313:
5310:
5307:
5304:
5301:
5298:
5295:
5292:
5289:
5286:
5283:
5280:
5277:
5274:
5271:
5268:
5265:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5235:
5232:
5227:
5226:
5223:
5220:
5217:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5205:
5202:
5199:
5196:
5193:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5181:
5178:
5175:
5172:
5169:
5166:
5163:
5160:
5157:
5147:
5146:
5143:
5140:
5137:
5134:
5131:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5119:
5116:
5113:
5110:
5107:
5104:
5101:
5098:
5095:
5092:
5089:
5086:
5083:
5080:
5077:
5074:
5071:
5068:
5065:
5062:
5059:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5047:
5044:
5041:
5038:
5035:
5032:
5029:
5024:
5023:
5020:
5017:
5014:
5011:
5008:
5005:
5002:
4999:
4996:
4993:
4990:
4987:
4984:
4981:
4978:
4975:
4972:
4969:
4966:
4963:
4960:
4957:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4945:
4942:
4937:
4936:
4933:
4930:
4927:
4924:
4921:
4918:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4906:
4903:
4900:
4897:
4894:
4891:
4888:
4885:
4882:
4879:
4869:
4868:
4865:
4862:
4859:
4856:
4853:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4841:
4838:
4835:
4832:
4829:
4826:
4823:
4820:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4758:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4736:
4733:
4730:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4688:
4683:
4682:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4646:
4643:
4640:
4637:
4629:
4625:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4600:
4597:
4594:
4591:
4588:
4585:
4582:
4579:
4576:
4573:
4570:
4567:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4546:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4522:
4519:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4498:
4495:
4492:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4480:
4477:
4474:
4471:
4468:
4465:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4439:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4379:
4378:SQL Server 2012
4377:
4375:
4371:
4370:
4367:
4364:
4361:
4358:
4355:
4352:
4349:
4346:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4334:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4265:
4262:
4259:
4256:
4251:
4250:
4247:
4244:
4241:
4238:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4211:
4208:
4205:
4202:
4199:
4196:
4193:
4190:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4178:
4175:
4172:
4167:
4166:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4154:
4151:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4081:
4077:
4073:
4069:
4062:
4058:
4054:
4050:
4043:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4010:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3986:
3983:
3980:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3944:
3941:
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3935:
3932:
3929:
3926:
3923:
3920:
3917:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3905:
3902:
3899:
3896:
3893:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3874:
3873:
3870:
3867:
3864:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3852:
3849:
3846:
3843:
3840:
3837:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3822:
3819:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3807:
3804:
3801:
3798:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3774:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3747:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3709:
3706:
3703:
3700:
3697:
3694:
3691:
3688:
3685:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3670:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3658:
3655:
3652:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3640:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3607:
3600:Sybase 12.5.2:
3597:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3581:
3578:
3575:
3572:
3569:
3566:
3563:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3551:
3548:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3515:
3512:
3509:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3460:Sybase 12.5.3:
3457:
3456:
3453:
3450:
3447:
3444:
3441:
3438:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3405:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3372:
3369:
3366:
3363:
3360:
3357:
3354:
3351:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3339:
3329:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3319:
3316:
3313:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3286:
3283:
3280:
3277:
3274:
3271:
3268:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3247:
3244:
3241:
3238:
3235:
3232:
3229:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3196:
3188:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3167:
3164:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3152:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3134:
3131:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3107:SQL Server 2012
3106:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3060:
3057:
3054:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2993:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2911:
2908:
2898:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2808:
2805:
2802:
2799:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2759:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2699:
2695:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2655:
2652:
2649:
2646:
2643:
2635:
2633:
2631:
2629:
2628:SQL Server 2012
2627:
2625:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2560:
2541:
2537:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2480:
2476:
2469:
2459:
2453:
2447:
2444:
2435:Rows Pagination
2432:
2430:Rows Pagination
2417:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2406:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2308:
2307:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2263:
2246:
2229:
2219:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2164:
2147:
2131:
2115:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2018:
2017:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1974:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1936:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1920:
1917:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1856:
1844:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1792:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1685:
1682:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1583:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1563:
1561:
1540:
1539:introduced the
1504:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1472:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1395:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1322:does not exist
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
975:
970:
969:
966:
963:
960:
957:
954:
951:
948:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
921:
918:
915:
912:
909:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
891:
888:
885:
882:
879:
876:
873:
870:
867:
864:
861:
858:
855:
852:
849:
846:
843:
840:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
794:
759:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
679:
668:
663:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
563:
562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
529:
526:
523:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
490:
484:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
384:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
344:
341:
314:
306:
299:
293:
286:
282:
278:
272:
265:
261:
257:
253:
246:
240:
231:
227:
221:
213:
209:
205:
183:
179:
175:
167:
163:
161:
149:
141:
129:
117:
109:
99:
93:
76:
67:query optimizer
58:
46:
39:database tables
17:
12:
11:
5:
6866:
6856:
6855:
6838:
6837:
6835:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6788:
6786:
6782:
6781:
6779:
6778:
6773:
6767:
6765:
6761:
6760:
6758:
6757:
6750:
6743:
6736:
6729:
6722:
6715:
6708:
6701:
6694:
6687:
6680:
6673:
6666:
6659:
6652:
6645:
6638:
6631:
6624:
6616:
6614:
6608:
6607:
6605:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6548:
6546:
6542:
6541:
6534:
6533:
6526:
6519:
6511:
6505:
6504:
6499:
6494:
6489:
6484:
6479:
6471:
6470:External links
6468:
6467:
6466:
6461:
6458:
6455:
6454:
6445:
6436:
6410:
6399:
6383:
6360:
6344:
6325:
6301:
6292:
6277:
6261:
6260:
6258:
6255:
6141:
6040:
6034:
6031:
6025:
6022:
6020:
6019:
6016:
6013:
6010:
5887:
5883:
5786:
5782:
5779:
5774:'John'
5682:
5678:
5675:
5672:
5668:'John'
5576:
5572:
5567:
5564:
5548:
5500:
5472:
5469:
5466:
5465:
5462:
5330:
5327:
5231:
5228:
5156:
5152:
5151:
5148:
5028:
5025:
4941:
4938:
4878:
4874:
4873:
4870:
4762:
4759:
4687:
4684:
4636:
4632:
4631:
4626:
4518:
4515:
4443:
4440:
4392:
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4387:
4372:
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4168:
4111:
4107:
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4102:Previous Page
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3598:
3466:
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3458:
3338:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3267:
3263:
3262:
3255:
3195:
3191:
3190:
3181:
3121:
3117:
3116:
3101:
3029:
3025:
3024:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3011:
2998:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2907:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2768:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2706:
2702:
2701:
2696:
2642:
2638:
2637:
2622:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2542:{begin_base_0}
2534:
2525:
2522:
2486:
2484:
2483:
2473:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2460:{begin_base_0}
2457:
2451:
2443:
2440:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2424:
2418:
2374:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2320:
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2280:
2276:
2275:
2270:
2260:
2259:
2253:
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2236:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2197:
2193:
2192:
2171:
2161:
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2112:
2111:
2106:
2077:
2073:
2072:
2019:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1975:
1949:
1935:
1932:
1879:
1813:
1799:
1796:
1695:
1681:
1678:
1573:
1560:
1557:
1533:
1532:
1525:
1503:
1500:
1377:
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1369:
1365:
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1361:
1354:
1323:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1311:
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1303:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1288:
1257:
1254:
1253:
1250:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1237:
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1221:
1218:
1214:
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1169:
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1160:
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1137:
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1127:
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1100:
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1080:
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1069:
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1004:
1000:
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984:
981:
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971:
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793:
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788:computations.
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340:
311:
310:
303:
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269:
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4374:SQL ANSI 2008
4373:
4253:
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4076:is less than
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3103:SQL ANSI 2008
3102:
3027:
3026:
3022:
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3001:
3000:
2994:
2986:
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270:
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234:
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219:
218:
217:
202:
200:
196:
193:to carry out
192:
187:
173:
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148:
144:
140:
137:
132:
128:
125:
120:
116:
112:
108:
105:
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74:
73:
70:
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6853:SQL keywords
6718:
6448:
6439:
6427:. Retrieved
6423:
6413:
6402:
6394:
6388:. Retrieved
6373:
6369:Leon, Alexis
6363:
6355:
6349:. Retrieved
6334:
6328:
6317:. Retrieved
6311:
6304:
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6036:
6027:
5569:
5561:
5542:
5540:
5535:
5533:
5496:
5485:
5474:
4082:{unique_key}
4074:{unique_key}
4063:{unique_key}
4055:{unique_key}
4025:
4011:begin_base_0
3984:begin_base_0
3850:begin_base_0
3736:begin_base_0
3714:
3707:begin_base_0
3573:begin_base_0
3477:begin_base_0
3442:begin_base_0
3349:begin_base_0
3323:begin_base_0
3236:begin_base_0
3174:begin_base_0
3070:begin_base_0
3002:Select only
2992:
2972:begin_base_0
2844:begin_base_0
2812:begin_base_0
2717:begin_base_0
2683:begin_base_0
2603:begin_base_0
2434:
2433:
2265:
2248:
2231:
2166:
2149:
2133:
2117:
1981:
1940:simple limit
1939:
1937:
1864:clause. The
1852:
1845:
1801:
1793:
1689:
1683:
1673:
1669:
1665:
1659:
1568:simple table
1567:
1562:
1552:
1545:
1534:
1527:by adding a
1509:
1505:
1497:
1493:
1469:
1462:
1429:
1418:
1401:
1382:
1380:
807:
802:
798:
795:
767:
760:
675:
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577:
573:
569:
567:
564:
501:
497:
493:
491:
485:
385:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
312:
203:
188:
162:
71:
41:or database
36:
23:
18:
5553:OVER_CLAUSE
4096:First Page
4078:{first_val}
1874:FETCH FIRST
1857:FETCH FIRST
1808:FETCH FIRST
1756:person_name
1686:RANK() OVER
1541:FETCH FIRST
799:inline view
570:select list
548:Book_author
457:Book_author
439:Book_author
331:select list
184:SELECT INTO
6797:Foundation
6771:Edgar Codd
6390:2015-10-21
6351:2015-10-21
6319:2007-06-17
6257:References
5508:population
5464:Oracle 11
5455:unique_key
5407:unique_key
5380:unique_key
5296:unique_key
5269:unique_key
5197:unique_key
5132:unique_key
5108:unique_key
5081:unique_key
5009:unique_key
4982:unique_key
4922:unique_key
4863:unique_key
4839:unique_key
4812:unique_key
4752:unique_key
4725:unique_key
4677:unique_key
4619:unique_key
4583:unique_key
4556:unique_key
4496:unique_key
4469:unique_key
4421:unique_key
4386:Mimer SQL
4382:Oracle 12c
4376:PostgreSQL
4365:unique_key
4320:unique_key
4293:unique_key
4224:unique_key
4197:unique_key
4140:unique_key
4099:Next Page
4059:{last_val}
4020:Oracle 11
3960:unique_key
3662:unique_key
3641:ROW_NUMBER
3543:unique_key
3412:unique_key
3296:unique_key
3224:unique_key
3187:PostgreSQL
3150:unique_key
3115:Mimer SQL
3111:Oracle 12c
3105:PostgreSQL
3058:unique_key
2987:Oracle 11
2948:unique_key
2883:unique_key
2797:unique_key
2753:unique_key
2671:unique_key
2636:Mimer SQL
2632:Oracle 12c
2626:PostgreSQL
2588:unique_key
2515:unique_key
2232:TOP 20, 10
2038:PostgreSQL
1984:does not)
1802:Since ISO
1649:row_number
1621:row_number
1591:ROW_NUMBER
1420:projection
980:Table "T"
931:Company_Nm
922:Book_Sales
910:Company_Nm
904:Items_Sold
898:Items_Sold
871:company_nm
859:items_sold
666:Subqueries
199:optimizing
126:operation.
106:operation.
90:operation.
88:projection
63:query plan
57:language,
28:result set
6792:Framework
6429:1 October
6138:standard
5979:GroupName
5898:GroupName
5878:GroupName
5797:GroupName
5768:FirstName
5662:FirstName
5520:PARTITION
5392:first_val
5093:first_val
4824:first_val
4568:first_val
4305:first_val
3990:cant_regs
2536:Read the
2182:MS Access
2120:* from T
2058:Polyhedra
1855:supports
1848:Mimer SQL
1750:person_id
1634:tablename
1464:selection
1461:terms, a
778:recursive
624:sales_tax
574:sales_tax
124:selection
6847:Category
6726:Truncate
6698:Order by
6656:Group by
6612:Keywords
6602:SQL:2023
6597:SQL:2016
6592:SQL:2011
6587:SQL:2008
6582:SQL:2006
6577:SQL:2003
6572:SQL:1999
6545:Versions
6136:SQL:1999
5750:LastName
5644:LastName
5488:SQL:2003
5281:last_val
5141:ROWCOUNT
5033:ROWCOUNT
5018:ROWCOUNT
4994:last_val
4946:ROWCOUNT
4931:ROWCOUNT
4883:ROWCOUNT
4737:last_val
4481:last_val
4209:last_val
4105:Dialect
3868:ROWCOUNT
3763:identity
3730:ROWCOUNT
3591:ROWCOUNT
3504:identity
3471:ROWCOUNT
3373:identity
3023:Dialect
2892:ROWCOUNT
2838:ROWCOUNT
2553:Dialect
2312:Firebird
2273:Firebird
2268:* FROM T
2251:* FROM T
2234:* FROM T
2223:Teradata
2190:Teradata
2169:* FROM T
2157:Informix
2141:Informix
2134:FIRST 10
2118:FIRST 10
1955:ROWCOUNT
1866:ORDER BY
1862:ORDER BY
1810:clause.
1804:SQL:2008
1674:sort_key
1670:sort_key
1666:sort_key
1609:sort_key
1555:clause.
1543:clause.
1537:SQL:2008
1515:SQL:2003
973:Examples
786:fixpoint
676:subquery
307:DISTINCT
300:ORDER BY
295:ORDER BY
283:GROUP BY
279:GROUP BY
266:GROUP BY
258:GROUP BY
254:GROUP BY
195:planning
159:Overview
151:ORDER BY
131:GROUP BY
6764:Related
6712:Prepare
6460:Sources
6285:MySQL.
4630:SQLite
4002:_offset
3912:_offset
3841:_offset
3757:_offset
3698:_offset
3674:_offset
3564:_offset
3498:_offset
3433:_offset
3367:_offset
3261:SQLite
3259:MariaDB
3189:SQLite
3185:MariaDB
2700:SQLite
2421:IBM Db2
2367:IBM Db2
2264:SELECT
2247:SELECT
2230:SELECT
2178:SAP ASE
2165:SELECT
2148:SELECT
2132:SELECT
2116:SELECT
2054:Vertica
2030:MariaDB
2022:Netezza
1900:acolumn
1783:ranking
1743:ranking
1628:columns
1522:cursors
986:Result
542:NATURAL
533:Authors
427:Authors
268:clause.
81:columns
6740:Update
6719:Select
6670:Insert
6663:Having
6642:Delete
6635:Create
6567:SQL-92
6562:SQL-89
6557:SQL-86
6552:SEQUEL
6381:
6342:
6155:values
6143:select
6120:select
6102:select
6084:select
6066:select
6042:select
5982:having
5970:Userid
5958:Userid
5943:groups
5889:select
5869:Userid
5857:Userid
5842:groups
5788:select
5738:Userid
5726:Userid
5711:groups
5684:select
5632:Userid
5620:Userid
5605:groups
5578:select
5490:is an
5425:rownum
5356:select
5344:select
5332:select
5311:rownum
5245:select
5233:select
5212:rownum
5170:select
5158:select
5057:select
5045:select
4958:select
4895:select
4776:select
4764:select
4689:select
4638:select
4532:select
4520:select
4445:select
4394:select
4384:DB2 12
4269:select
4257:select
4173:select
4113:select
4070:{rows}
4051:{rows}
4044:{rows}
4037:{rows}
3975:rownum
3933:SELECT
3900:rownum
3897:SELECT
3885:SELECT
3826:select
3814:unique
3748:select
3632:select
3608:select
3549:select
3489:select
3418:select
3340:Select
3317:OFFSET
3269:Select
3197:Select
3168:OFFSET
3123:Select
3113:DB2 12
3064:OFFSET
3031:Select
3004:{rows}
2963:rownum
2921:SELECT
2909:Select
2856:Select
2770:Select
2708:Select
2644:Select
2634:DB2 12
2561:select
2488:Select
2448:{rows}
2376:SELECT
2322:SELECT
2282:SELECT
2212:SAMPLE
2199:SELECT
2186:SAP IQ
2167:TOP 10
2125:Ingres
2109:Oracle
2095:ROWNUM
2079:SELECT
2046:HSQLDB
2042:SQLite
2011:OFFSET
1992:SELECT
1962:SELECT
1906:OFFSET
1881:SELECT
1872:, and
1870:OFFSET
1815:SELECT
1768:person
1709:SELECT
1697:SELECT
1587:SELECT
1575:SELECT
1473:SELECT
1433:SELECT
1405:SELECT
1387:SELECT
1363:`3*2`
1327:SELECT
1261:SELECT
1176:SELECT
1104:SELECT
1023:SELECT
983:Query
889:SELECT
814:SELECT
723:SELECT
687:SELECT
585:SELECT
509:SELECT
391:SELECT
342:SELECT
315:SELECT
287:HAVING
274:HAVING
214:SELECT
206:SELECT
180:SELECT
176:SELECT
172:tables
168:SELECT
164:SELECT
143:HAVING
104:rename
100:SELECT
77:SELECT
59:SELECT
47:SELECT
32:tables
24:SELECT
6747:Where
6733:Union
6684:Merge
6114:union
6096:union
6078:union
6060:union
5985:count
5973:group
5937:inner
5931:users
5904:count
5872:group
5836:inner
5830:users
5803:count
5741:where
5699:users
5635:where
5599:inner
5593:users
5446:order
5428:<=
5422:where
5398:order
5374:where
5368:table
5314:<=
5308:where
5287:order
5263:where
5257:table
5215:<=
5209:where
5188:order
5182:table
5123:order
5099:order
5075:where
5069:table
5000:order
4976:where
4970:table
4913:order
4907:table
4854:order
4830:order
4806:where
4800:table
4743:order
4719:where
4713:table
4668:order
4662:table
4628:MySQL
4610:order
4592:LIMIT
4574:order
4550:where
4544:table
4502:LIMIT
4487:order
4463:where
4457:table
4427:LIMIT
4412:order
4406:table
4380:Derby
4356:order
4332:FIRST
4329:FETCH
4311:order
4287:where
4281:table
4233:FIRST
4230:FETCH
4215:order
4191:where
4185:table
4149:FIRST
4146:FETCH
4131:order
4125:table
4005:>=
3999:WHERE
3978:<=
3972:WHERE
3951:ORDER
3945:table
3862:#temp
3859:TABLE
3838:where
3835:#temp
3805:ORDER
3799:table
3790:#temp
3695:where
3683:table
3653:order
3585:#temp
3582:TABLE
3561:where
3558:#temp
3534:ORDER
3528:table
3519:#temp
3454:#temp
3451:TABLE
3430:where
3427:#temp
3403:ORDER
3397:table
3388:#temp
3305:LIMIT
3287:order
3281:table
3257:MySQL
3230:LIMIT
3215:order
3209:table
3183:MySQL
3156:LIMIT
3141:order
3135:table
3109:Derby
3079:FETCH
3049:order
3043:table
2966:<=
2960:where
2939:ORDER
2933:table
2874:order
2868:table
2806:LIMIT
2788:order
2782:table
2744:order
2738:table
2698:MySQL
2677:LIMIT
2662:order
2656:table
2630:Derby
2597:FIRST
2594:FETCH
2579:order
2573:table
2506:order
2500:table
2404:FIRST
2401:FETCH
2389:WHERE
2350:FIRST
2347:FETCH
2335:WHERE
2098:<=
2092:WHERE
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