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46:. When a layer of sediment is originally deposited, it contains an open framework of particles with the pore space being usually filled with water. As more sediment is deposited above the layer, the effect of the increased loading is to increase the particle-to-particle stresses resulting in porosity reduction primarily through a more efficient packing of the particles and to a lesser extent through elastic compression and
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In sediments compacted under self-weight, especially in sedimentary basins, the porosity profiles often show an exponential decrease, called Athy's law as first shown by Athy in 1930. A mathematical analytical solution was obtained by Fowler and Yang to show the theoretical basis for Athy's law. This
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If there is a variation in thickness and compactability of a sequence, loading by later deposits will give rise to spatially varying amounts of compaction. This form of compaction is a function of the lithology of the base sediment. Both the thickness and structure of the later sequence will be
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wells show clear porosity reduction trends with depth. Compaction trend estimation and decompaction process are useful for analyzing numerical basin evolution (e.g., subsidence) and evaluating hydrocarbon reservoirs and geological storages.
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Sclater, J.G. & Christie, P.A.F. 1980. Continental stretching: an explanation of the post-mid-Cretaceous subsidence of the
Central North Sea Basin. Journal of Geophysical Research, 85, 3711–3739.
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Lee, E.Y., Novotny, J., Wagreich, M. (2020) Compaction trend estimation and applications to sedimentary basin reconstruction (BasinVis 2.0). Applied
Computing and Geosciences, 5, 100015.
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D. B. Bahr, E. W. Hutton, J. P. Syvitski, L. F. Pratson, Exponential approximations to compacted sediment porosity profiles, Computers & Geosciences, 27, 691-700 (2001).
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A. C. Fowler and X. S. Yang, Fast and slow compaction in sedimentary basins, SIAM Journal on
Applied Mathematics, 59, 365-385 (1998.)
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process can be easily observed in experiments and used as a good approximation to many real data.
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controlled by the underlying geology in the absence of any active tectonics. Buried tilted
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due to the effects of pressure from loading. This forms part of the process of
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50:. The initial porosity of a sediment depends on its
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238:Principle of cross-cutting relationships
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248:Principle of inclusions and components
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16:For compaction near the surface, see
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223:Principle of original horizontality
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58:start with porosities of >60%,
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169:USGS report on the Songliao Basin
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233:Principle of lateral continuity
243:Principle of faunal succession
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332:Geomorphologic processes
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398:Mass wasting processes
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274:Petrologic principles
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497:Geological processes
360:Marine transgression
228:Law of superposition
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62:typically ~40% and
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375:Sediment transport
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102:Daqing Field
98:hydrocarbons
88:blocks in a
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297:Exfoliation
491:Categories
355:Subsidence
317:Compaction
312:Diagenesis
302:Weathering
116:References
94:anticlinal
64:carbonates
60:sandstones
32:compaction
287:Extrusive
282:Intrusive
106:oil field
100:e.g. the
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52:lithology
292:Volcanic
206:Geologic
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