26:
327:(1914–1918) the CSK provided support of demography, geology, forestry, agriculture, colonization, veterinary medicine and experimental farming. From 1933 the CSK promoted all activities associated with colonization of Katanga, as well as agriculture, commerce and mining. The CSK was the main shareholder of the UMHK (1906),
187:
The CSK was created with a 99-year term. It was given economic and administrative rights over a territory of 450,000 square kilometres (170,000 sq mi). A decree of 6 December 1900 delegated the authority of the state to the CSK in
Katanga. The CSK was given all the mines in Katanga, which
261:
The UMHK was founded in 1906 to develop mines in
Katanga. It was also to participate in building a railway to carry material and equipment to the mines and to take away the extracted minerals. The UMHK came from a compromise between the Free State and the Compagnie de Katanga as owners through the
152:
took over from the Free State in 1908, the CSK handed over its administrative powers to the provincial government. However, as a parastatal it remained responsible for many aspects of development in
Katanga until independence in 1960, when it was dissolved.
322:
Belgium took over the Congo Free State in 1908. In 1910 the state powers granted to the CSK were revoked, and local powers were handed over to the provincial governors. Many of the CSK employees and leaders joined the colonial service. After
167:
was founded in 1891 to explore the southeast of the Congo Free State. Under agreements of March 1891 and May 1896 the company was to occupy and develop
Katanga, and in return gained full ownership of 1/3 of the land in
213:(CFK) in 1902. It had a capital of 1,000,000 francs. The Congo Free State held 2,400 shares and Robert Williams held 1,600 shares. The CFK was to build rail links to the region where the city of Elisabethville (
585:
329:
184:(1/3) and the Free State (2/3). The Congo Free State and the Compagnie du Katanga entrusted the CSK with their shared land and mineral rights, and authorized the CSK with managing this property.
306:
With the creation of he UMHK the CSK was no longer directly involved in mining. It was also released from having to administer the territory, and became mainly concerned with asset management.
204:(TCL). TCL was authorized to prospect for minerals in Katanga for five years, and to exploit the mines that were found with CSK for 30 years. The term was eventually extended to 89 years.
148:
on behalf of the Free State and for exploiting the province's mineral resources. Mineral exploration and mining were soon delegated to separate companies. After the
188:
it could manage directly or subcontract to concessionary companies. The CSK had complete powers of administration, management and alienation over the territory.
273:
580:
254:
172:
and a 99-year license to exploit the minerals in the granted land. Given the difficulty of determining the land boundaries, in 1900 the
197:
311:
277:
264:
538:
209:
472:
242:
310:
was made representative of the CSK, effectively governor of
Katanga, in 1906. Later he became representative in
455:
Belgium's
Expansionist History between 1870 and 1930: Imperialism and the Globalisation of Belgian Business
595:
590:
240:, this bank participated in setting up three mining-related companies in the Congo Free State: the
340:
The CSK was dissolved in June 1960 when the
Democratic Republic of the Congo became independent.
510:
492:
201:
528:
307:
269:
163:
141:
8:
233:
534:
25:
553:
268:
who would fund their exploitation. UMHK was founded as a joint venture between the
169:
145:
137:
102:
283:
The BCK was founded on 31 October 1906 by the CSK', the Congo Free State and the
119:
300:
453:
574:
226:
149:
272:, the CSK and TCL. The Compagnie du Katanga was in turn a subsidiary of the
248:
292:
324:
296:
383:
381:
379:
377:
375:
373:
371:
217:) would be founded. One line would connect to the Rhodesian railways at
478:
214:
133:
88:
368:
330:
Compagnie Géologique et Minière des Ingénieurs et
Industriels belges
314:. In 1910 he became governor of Katanga, holding office until 1917.
180:(CSK) to manage all the territory, with profits shared between the
586:
1960 disestablishments in the
Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)
218:
288:
222:
196:
In 1900-1901 the CSK signed an agreement with the entrepreneur
35:
405:
509:
493:"Compagnie du Congo pour le Commerce et l'Industrie. CCCI"
387:
417:
144:. At first it was responsible for administering the huge
429:
393:
299:, from where mining products could be shipped down to
262:
CSK, the TCL who had found the mines, and the TCL and
249:
Société Internationale
Forestière et Minière du Congo
358:
356:
354:
352:
274:Compagnie du Congo pour le Commerce et l'Industrie
255:Compagnie du Chemin de Fer du Bas-Congo au Katanga
474:BCK - KDL - Le site des chemins de fer du Katanga
30:Camp of Commandant Léon Tonneau, Director of the
572:
349:
526:
411:
303:. Jadot was made managing director of the BCK.
527:Oliver, Roland; Sanderson, G.N., eds. (1975),
491:
423:
221:, while another would connect to the port of
552:
435:
333:(GEOMINES, 1910) and the livestock company
581:1900 establishments in the Congo Free State
317:
191:
24:
451:
399:
573:
471:
362:
210:Compagnie de Chemin de fer du Katanga
176:and the Congo Free State created the
276:(CCCI), which was controlled by the
13:
156:
14:
607:
511:"Comité spécial du Katanga. CSK"
530:The Cambridge History of Africa
452:Abbeloos, Jan-Frederik (2008),
533:, Cambridge University Press,
388:Comité spécial du Katanga. CSK
1:
335:Compagnie Pastorale du Lomani
243:Union Minière du Haut-Katanga
412:Oliver, & Sanderson 1975
285:Société Générale de Belgique
278:Société Générale de Belgique
265:Société Générale de Belgique
238:Société Générale de Belgique
116:Special Committee of Katanga
7:
72:; 64 years ago
10:
612:
444:
287:to build a rail link from
178:Comité Spécial du Katanga
125:Comité Spécial du Katanga
94:
84:
66:
51:
43:
32:Comité Spécial du Katanga
23:
18:Comité Spécial du Katanga
343:
318:State agency (1910–1960)
232:Under the direction of
192:Early years (1900–1910)
136:created in 1900 by the
477:, 2010, archived from
202:Tanganyika Concessions
123:
252:(Forminière) and the
38:between 1903 and 1906
270:Compagnie du Katanga
207:The CSK created the
182:Compagnie du Katanga
174:Compagnie du Katanga
164:Compagnie du Katanga
142:Compagnie du Katanga
20:
596:History of Katanga
554:"Wangermée, Émile"
461:, Ghent University
424:CCCI Africa Museum
16:
540:978-0-521-22803-9
112:
111:
603:
591:Katanga Province
566:
565:
564:
549:
548:
547:
523:
522:
521:
506:
505:
504:
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487:
486:
468:
467:
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460:
439:
436:Wangermée, Émile
433:
427:
421:
415:
409:
403:
397:
391:
385:
366:
360:
200:and the British
170:Katanga Province
146:Katanga Province
138:Congo Free State
105:
103:Congo Free State
80:
78:
73:
62:
60:
28:
21:
15:
611:
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369:
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346:
320:
308:Émile Wangermée
198:Robert Williams
194:
159:
157:Creation (1900)
134:parastatal body
108:
101:
76:
74:
71:
58:
56:
39:
12:
11:
5:
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524:
507:
489:
469:
448:
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441:
440:
428:
416:
414:, p. 342.
404:
402:, p. 115.
392:
367:
347:
345:
342:
319:
316:
291:in Katanga to
193:
190:
158:
155:
110:
109:
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106:
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81:
70:June 1960
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64:
63:
53:
49:
48:
45:
41:
40:
29:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
608:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
582:
579:
578:
576:
559:
558:Africa Museum
555:
551:
542:
536:
532:
531:
525:
516:
515:Africa Museum
512:
508:
498:
497:Africa Museum
494:
490:
481:on 2010-12-04
480:
476:
475:
470:
457:
456:
450:
449:
437:
432:
425:
420:
413:
408:
401:
400:Abbeloos 2008
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271:
267:
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259:
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256:
251:
250:
245:
244:
239:
235:
230:
228:
227:Lualaba River
224:
220:
216:
212:
211:
205:
203:
199:
189:
185:
183:
179:
175:
171:
166:
165:
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151:
150:Belgian Congo
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
126:
121:
117:
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100:
99:
97:
93:
90:
87:
83:
69:
65:
54:
50:
46:
42:
37:
33:
27:
22:
19:
561:, retrieved
557:
544:, retrieved
529:
518:, retrieved
514:
501:, retrieved
496:
483:, retrieved
479:the original
473:
463:, retrieved
454:
431:
419:
407:
395:
339:
334:
328:
321:
305:
301:Léopoldville
293:Port Franqui
284:
282:
263:
260:
253:
247:
246:(UMHK), the
241:
237:
231:
208:
206:
195:
186:
181:
177:
173:
162:
160:
129:
124:
115:
113:
44:Abbreviation
31:
17:
499:(in French)
325:World War I
297:Kasai River
575:Categories
563:2021-04-03
546:2021-03-17
520:2021-04-03
503:2021-03-17
485:2021-03-31
465:2021-04-02
234:Jean Jadot
215:Lubumbashi
89:Parastatal
363:BCK - KDL
67:Dissolved
52:Formation
337:(1928).
140:and the
132:) was a
95:Location
445:Sources
295:on the
258:(BCK).
236:of the
225:on the
219:Sakania
77:1960-06
75: (
57: (
537:
312:Kafubu
289:Bukama
223:Bukama
120:French
36:Bukama
459:(PDF)
344:Notes
128:, or
34:, in
535:ISBN
161:The
114:The
85:Type
59:1900
55:1900
130:CSK
47:CSK
577::
556:,
513:,
495:,
370:^
351:^
280:.
229:.
122::
438:.
426:.
390:.
365:.
118:(
79:)
61:)
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