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153:'s development experiment with monkeys. He separated baby monkeys at birth and raised them with surrogate mothers. There were two types of surrogate mothers: a metal wire one, and one covered with cloth. Each was equipped with a nozzle from which the baby monkeys could "breast" feed. The surrogate mother covered in cloth represented comfort. At the end of the experiment, the psychologist saw that the monkeys would choose the cloth surrogate over the wire surrogate. They concluded that having basic needs is essential, but there is the need for closeness and affection.
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due to various factors, including allergies, tickling, prickling, skin abrasion, coolness, and the fabric's weight, structure, and thickness. There are specific surface finishes (mechanical and chemical) that can enhance tactile comfort. Fleece sweatshirts and velvet clothing, for example, may be comforting to some people. Soft, clingy, stiff, heavy, light, hard, sticky, scratchy, prickly are all terms used to describe tactile sensations.
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387:) is the temperature range where it is neither comfortable nor uncomfortable. The human body's metabolism is burning calories at the same rate as the temperature around. This would be around 24 °C (75 °F) (room temperature), and people have no opinion about the temperature. Thermal neutrality is often also used in animal raising. For example, farmers maintain the neutral temperature for cattle to prevent
106:. However, comfort is used much more broadly, as one can provide physical comfort to someone who is not in a position to be uncomfortable. For example, a person might sit in a chair without discomfort, but still find the addition of a pillow to the chair to increase their feeling of comfort. Something that provides this type of comfort, which does not seek to relieve hardship, can also be referred to as being "
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There are various psychological studies about the feeling of comfort, and they have resulted in a few conclusions. The idea of comfort varies among each person; however, there are a few universal themes of comfort that apply to everyone. Most of these universal themes falls under the physical comfort
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Thermal comfort: one primary criterion for our physiological needs is thermal comfort. The heat dissipation effectiveness of clothing gives the wearer a "neither too cold nor too hot" feel. Around 30 °C (86 °F), the human body is at ease. Clothing maintains a thermal balance; it keeps the
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comfort: tactile comfort is a resistance to the discomfort related to the friction created by clothing against the body. It is related to the smoothness, roughness, softness, and stiffness of the fabric used in clothing. The degree of tactile discomfort may vary between individuals. It is possible
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are hydrophobic; they repel moisture and do not allow air to pass. Different environments demand a diverse selection of clothing materials. Hence, the appropriate choice is important. The major determinants that influence thermophysiological comfort are permeable construction, heat, and moisture
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that makes the balance of moisture and heat between the body and the environment. It is a property of textile materials that creates ease by maintaining moisture and thermal levels in a human's resting and active states. The selection of textile material significantly affects the comfort of the
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Pressure comfort: the comfort of the human body's pressure receptors' (present in the skin) sensory response towards clothing. Fabric with lycra may feel more comfortable because of this response and superior pressure comfort. The sensation response is influenced by the material's structure:
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and humidity. Psychologists devised a study to determine the most comfortable temperature. The study had people answering a survey as the temperature changed around them. From the surveys, psychologist found many people had no opinion of a range of temperature. This was labeled temperature
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is defined as "the state of mind that expresses satisfaction with the visual environment." This type of comfort can be achieved when an individual has a sufficient amount of light to perform an activity or task. It is possible for both low and high levels of light to create discomfort.
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is shifting the same rate as the surrounding temperature. The average comfortable temperature is 30 °C (86 °F). Temperatures too hot (35 °C (95 °F) and above) and temperatures too low (12 °C (54 °F) and below) are considered uncomfortable to many people.
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Comfort food is usually chosen because of previous experiences of happiness linked with it. For example, chocolate is held as a popular comfort food as it is followed by the pleasurable sweetness and the positive association with gifts/rewards.
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comfort: visual perception is influenced by color, fabric construction, style, garment fit, fashion compatibility, and finish of clothing material. Aesthetic comfort is necessary for psychological and social
87:, as providing comfort to the sick and injured is one goal of healthcare, and can facilitate recovery. Persons who are surrounded with things that provide psychological comfort may be described as being "in their
732:
Tuomisto, T; Tuomisto, MT; Hetherington, M; Lappalainen, R (1998-04-01). "Reasons for
Initiation and Cessation of Eating in Obese Men and Women and the Affective Consequences of Eating in Everyday Situations".
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Food preference ranges through male/female, and younger/older. Females and the young demographic prefer snack-related comfort foods, while the male and older demographic prefer meal-related comfort foods.
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This experiment justified that importance of comfort and warmth for child development. All the monkeys that grew up from the experiment expressed a behavior of aggression and atypical sexual behaviors.
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Food preferences split into two categories: snack-related and meal-related. If a child was exposed to many snacks growing up, they may focus on more snack-related comfort foods later on in life.
98:, suffering or affliction, and requires alleviation from that state. Where the term is used to describe the support given to someone who has experienced a tragedy, the word is synonymous with
535:. IAQ is dependent on the quantity of pollutants in the air, the ventilation rate, and the turnover rate of pollutants. In outdoor spaces respiratory comfort can be associated with the
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are foods intentionally consumed to move the eater into a pleasurable state. This could be credited to food preferences and childhood experiences (like a parent's cooking).
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Ventilation - no proper air flow throughout a room causes the room to be too hot. Windows and fans allow a human-made air current, and air conditioning helps with the heat.
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The time of day also play a role in consuming comfort foods. Most people tend to eat simply because "it's lunch time" and only 20% of the time is due to actual hunger.
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Gagge, A. P.; Stolwijk, J. A. J.; Hardy, J. D. (1967-06-01). "Comfort and thermal sensations and associated physiological responses at various ambient temperatures".
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Gagge, A. P.; Stolwijk, J. A. J.; Hardy, J. D. (1967-06-01). "Comfort and thermal sensations and associated physiological responses at various ambient temperatures".
569:, the term used to denote a type of mental conditioning resulting in artificially created mental boundaries, within which an individual derives a sense of security
914:"Explain the concepts of thermoneutral zone, lower critical temperature, and upper critical temperature, and how they relate to metabolic rate - eXtension"
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is one of the significant objects that suffices for comfort requirements. Clothing provides aesthetic, tactile, thermal, moisture, and pressure comfort.
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is achieved in an environment where the air breathed is of sufficiently high quality. In indoor spaces this type of comfort can be predicted by the
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1234:"A study on thermophysiological comfort properties of fabrics in relation to constituent fibre fineness and cross-sectional shapes"
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Contact comfort is satisfaction with someone's touch, like a parent's embrace. This is essential to a child's development.
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Wansink, Brian; Cheney, Matthew M.; Chan, Nina (2003-09-01). "Exploring comfort food preferences across age and gender".
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Wansink, Brian; Cheney, Matthew M.; Chan, Nina (2003-08-27). "Exploring comfort food preferences across age and gender".
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is a state of being where noise levels are not harming or interfering with the activities of individuals in some area.
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Pre-print of
Conference Proceedings: Textile Institute 1988 Annual World Conference, Sydney, Australia, 10-13 July
1545:"Human Comfort in Indoor Environment: A Review on Assessment Criteria, Data Collection and Data Analysis Methods"
551:, artificial background noise used in radio and wireless communications to fill the silent time in a transmission
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wearer. Different textile fibers have unique properties that make them suitable for use in various environments.
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Floor surface temperature - too hot or too cold floors cause discomfort, and people may wear light shoes or have
563:, a euphemism for women who were forced to work as sex slaves in Japanese-occupied countries during World War II
71:. A degree of psychological comfort can be achieved by recreating experiences that are associated with pleasant
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Human comfort can also be categorized by areas such visual comfort, acoustic comfort, and respiratory comfort.
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Comfort is related to various perceptions, physiological, social, and psychological needs, and after food,
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91:". Because of the personal nature of positive associations, psychological comfort is highly subjective.
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skin dry and cool. It helps to keep the body from overheating while avoiding heat from the environment.
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Abbott, Ernest Hamlin; Abbott, Lyman; Bellamy, Francis Rufus; Mabie, Hamilton Wright (1919).
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Thermophysiological comfort and water resistant protection in soft shell protective garments
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Barthel, Diane (August 1989). "Modernism and
Marketing: The Chocolate Box Revisited".
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and thermophysiological comfort: thermophysiological comfort is the capacity of the
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The use of "comfort" as a verb generally implies that the subject is in a state of
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Comfort Theory and
Practice: A Vision for Holistic Health Care and Research
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33:"Comfy" redirects here. For brand of leisurewear similar to a Snuggie, see
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Moisture comfort: moisture comfort is the prevention of a damp sensation.
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1600:"Daylighting design: Enhancing energy efficiency and visual quality"
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snugging, looseness, heavy, light, soft, or stiff structuring.
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One of the most famous developmental psychological studies is
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such as contact comfort, comfort food, and thermal comfort.
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Varshney, R. K.; Kothari, V. K.; Dhamija, S. (2010-05-17).
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26:"Comfortable" redirects here. For the song by K Camp, see
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International
Journal of Clothing Science and Technology
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Cubrić, Ivana
Salopek; Skenderi, Zenun (March 2013).
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Thermal comfort is a satisfaction of the ambient air
1434:. Woodhead Publishing. pp. 223, 235, 237, 427.
1193:
Ruckman, J.E.; Murray, R.; Choi, H.S. (1999-01-01).
1463:. Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles: 216–244.
1457:"Improving tactile comfort in fabrics and clothing"
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370:neutrality, which is the rate that the person's
1409:. Woodhead Publishing. pp. 167, 192, 208.
1498:. Woodhead Publishing. pp. 25, 235, 432.
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1606:. Climate change Energy and the environment.
1543:Song, Ying; Mao, Fubing; Liu, Qing (2019).
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1357:. Woodhead Publishing. pp. 149, 166.
1156:. Eastland Publications. 2001. p. 16.
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55:) is a sense of physical or psychological
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1140:. University of Leeds (School of Design).
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63:. Persons who are lacking in comfort are
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361:Comfort level average on the temperature
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1455:Das, A.; Alagirusamy, R. (2011-01-01).
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1172:. Textile Institute. 1988. p. 9.
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1598:Steemers, Koen (1994-08-01).
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1461:Improving Comfort in Clothing
1432:Improving Comfort in Clothing
1406:Improving Comfort in Clothing
1354:Improving Comfort in Clothing
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991:Improving Comfort in Clothing
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699:Theory, Culture & Society
667:Schultheis, Erin (May 1999).
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892:10.1016/0013-9351(67)90002-3
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1645:Jones, A. P. (1999-12-01).
1569:10.1109/access.2019.2937320
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1279:Collier, Billie J. (2000).
1107:Song, Guowen (2011-01-20).
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1113:. Elsevier. p. 114.
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21:Comfort (disambiguation)
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1382:. Woodhead Publishing.
172:Physiological responses
1310:Environmental Research
1283:Understanding textiles
1134:Stevens, Katy (2008).
918:articles.extension.org
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508:Other types of comfort
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424:wearing many items of
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203:favorite comfort food
185:Popular comfort foods
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611:The Comfort of Things
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1524:ScienceDirect Topics
1020:ScienceDirect Topics
942:Department of Energy
673:Muskingum University
385:thermal neutral zone
383:Thermal neutrality (
19:For other uses, see
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1616:1994REne....5..950S
1561:2019IEEEA...7k9774S
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28:Comfortable (song)
1657:(28): 4535–4564.
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1389:978-1-84569-372-5
1378:Au, K.F. (2011).
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1179:978-1-870812-08-5
1120:978-0-85709-064-5
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367:temperature
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100:consolation
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372:metabolism
309:Vegetables
295:Casseroles
69:discomfort
51:(or being
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646:(2003).
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