423:
1492–1892" on the reverse, as well as the denomination and the name of the country. The chairwoman did not request that Peddle provide the Lady
Managers with the design before sending it to the Mint. Palmer informed Carlisle and Leech of her instructions. Carlisle had no objection to a coin being designed by a woman, or to the use of Isabella's head. The secretary told Palmer that the reverse, with its long inscription, would appear like a business advertising token, and he asked that it be revised. Leech sent a note to Superintendent Bosbyshell informing him that the Lady Managers would likely have an outside sculptor create the obverse and asking him to have Mint Chief Engraver Charles E. Barber create some designs for the reverse for possible use.
435:
Bosbyshell wrote to Leech that
Isabella's legs would appear distorted if the seated figure were used and advocated a head in profile. Carlisle agreed, stating that he had only given permission for a head of Isabella. Peddle was informed that Barber would produce the reverse, though the design would be sent to her for approval, and she would have to change her obverse. Meanwhile, Palmer was growing increasingly anxious: with a timeline of two months from design approval to the availability of the actual coins, she feared that the pieces would not be available for sale until well into the fair's May to October run. Under pressure from all sides, Peddle threatened to quit the project, writing that she "could not consent to do half of a piece of work".
468:
wording. On April 24, the Mint
Director sent Palmer a box containing two plaster models of the obverse, one of Isabella as a young queen, the other showing her more mature. He also informed her that distaff reverse would be used, with the wording agreed to by Carlisle. The obverse models were supposedly made by Barber based on an engraving of Isabella forwarded by Peddle to the Mint at Palmer's request, but Moran suggests that the period of only a day between receipt of the engraving and completion of the models (during which Barber also attended the funeral of Bosbyshell's grandson) means that Barber was working on them before that. The Board of Lady Managers on May 5 selected the young queen.
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456:. After considering these efforts, Leech decided on Morgan's design and wrote to Palmer accordingly, stating that "the distaff is used in art to symbolize patient industry, and especially the industry of women." In response, the Lady Managers suggested the use of the building's portal, and asked if it was possible to place a living person on the coin. Leech stated that Secretary Carlisle had selected the distaff reverse, and his determination was binding.
512:, in his study of early U.S. commemoratives, dismissed contemporary accounts (such as in the fair's official book) that Kenyon Cox had provided a design for the quarter; he noted that the artist's son had strongly denied that his father was involved in the coin's creation. Taxay deemed the design "commonplace" and "typical of Barber's style", stating that "the modeling, though somewhat more highly relieved than on the half dollar, is without distinction".
477:
537:, and workers at that mint handled the coins carefully; unlike the half dollar, surviving specimens display relatively few contact marks from other coins. The first piece struck, along with numbers 400, 1,492, and 1,892, were struck as proofs and sent to the Lady Managers along with certificates attesting to their status. A total of 40,023 pieces were struck, with the 23 coins over the authorized mintage retained by the Mint for inspection by the 1894
325:
579:
427:
549:. Fairgoers viewed the quarter as not as good a deal as the half dollar, as both sold for the same price of $ 1. Of the remainder, approximately 10,000 quarters were bought at face value by Palmer and other Lady Managers; 15,809 were returned to the government for melting. After deducting pieces returned for melting, a total of 24,214 coins were distributed to the public.
281:, and the quarter was seen as the worse deal. Nearly half of the authorized issue was returned to the Mint to be melted; thousands more were purchased at face value by the Lady Managers and entered the coin market in the early 20th century. Today, they are popular with collectors and are valued in the hundreds to thousands of dollars, depending on condition.
321:, the leading hotel in Chicago. The decisions of the Lady Managers were often reversed by their male counterparts on controversial matters: for example, Palmer sought to shut the fair's "Egyptian Girls" dancing show after deeming it obscene. The show was one of the exposition's few successful moneymakers, and the Lady Managers were overruled by the men.
524:
displayed on the
Columbian coins, on the one hand, and the spirited and admirable work of the architects of the buildings, on the other, is painful. If these two coins really represent the highest achievements of our medallists and our mints ... we might as well despair of its future ... We are not ready to admit this to be true.
351:, asking that $ 10,000 of the funds already designated to be paid over to the Lady Managers by the federal government be in the form of souvenir quarters, which they could sell at a premium. On March 3, 1893, Congress duly passed an act authorising the souvenir coin, which was to be to the specifications of
552:
The large quantities possessed by the Lady
Managers made their way into the market through dealers and other vendors in the 1920s. By 1930, prices had risen to the original issue price; by 1955, uncirculated specimens sold for $ 20. The pieces are popular among collectors because they are the only
442:
Following Peddle's resignation, Leech wrote a conciliatory letter to Palmer, who responded regretting that the three of them had not worked together, rather than at cross-purposes. Palmer had written to suggest an alternative to the inscription reverse: that the coin depict the Women's
Building at
544:
The pieces did not sell well at the exposition. They were for sale only at the Women's
Building at the fair, or by mail; the half dollar could be purchased at several outlets. Some 15,000 quarters were sold to collectors, dealers, and fairgoers, including several thousand of them purchased by the
451:
in her hands. Leech was not fully satisfied with the proposal, stating that the juxtaposition of
Isabella on the obverse and the Morgan reverse was "too much woman". Before accepting Morgan's design, Leech wanted Barber to produce some reverses himself, which the chief engraver did, and Bosbyshell
467:
was engaged in writing a biography of the late queen and possessed likenesses of her. Leech agreed that these men be consulted. Carlisle was reluctant to allow an inscription which made distinctions by sex, such as "Board of Lady
Managers", to appear on the coin, but he eventually agreed to that
438:
What finally wore down Peddle's patience were two letters dated April 7. One, from Leech, asserted his right as Mint director to prescribe coin designs, and told Peddle that the obverse would be a head of
Isabella, while the reverse would be based on sketches by a Mint engraver which she would be
523:
Of its artistic merit, as of the harmony which is reported to have prevailed at the meetings of those Managers, perhaps the less said the better; we do not know who designed it, but in this instance, as in the Half Dollar, the contrast between the examples of the numismatic art of the nation, as
504:
compared the reverse to an anti-slavery token with a kneeling woman and the legend "Am I not a woman and a sister". The art historian, writing in 1971, noted that "nowadays the coin seems charming for its quaintness and its Victorian flavor, a mixture of cold Hellenism and Renaissance romance.
434:
Obedient to Palmer's instructions, Peddle sent Leech sketches of a seated Isabella, with the long inscription on the reverse; she hoped the Mint Director would allow her to shorten it. Leech was unhappy with the reverse, and decided that Barber would design that side of the coin. Barber and
422:
Palmer, by letter, hired Peddle to do the design work in late March. She instructed the artist that the coin was to have a figure of Isabella on the obverse, and the inscription "Commemorative coin issued for the Board of Lady Managers of the World's Columbian Exposition by Act of Congress,
343:
at the Exposition, which Congress had approved in 1892. Passage of the half dollar legislation had been difficult, and the Lady Managers decided to wait until the next session of Congress to make their request. When the half dollar appeared in November 1892, the Lady Managers considered it
371:
to produce sketches. She was, however, determined to have a woman actually design the coin. She also consulted with Sara Hallowell, who was both the secretary to the fair's Director of Fine Arts and was helping the Palmers amass a major art collection. Hallowell contacted sculptor
439:
free to model. The second, from Bosbyshell, imposed the additional requirement that Isabella not wear a crown, which he deemed inappropriate on an American coin. On April 8, 1893, Caroline Peddle withdrew from the project.
411:(in Spain), whose assistance had helped pay for Columbus's expedition. Palmer indicated that she was consulting artists and suggested that the Mint submit a design for consideration. She also met with Illinois Congressman
344:
inartistic and determined to do better. Palmer wanted the Lady Managers "to have credit of being the authors of the first really beautiful and artistic coin that has ever been issued by the government of the United States".
443:
the fair. Barber prepared sketches and rejected the idea, stating that the building would appear a mere streak on the coin in the required low relief. Instead, he favored a sketch prepared by Assistant Engraver
533:
Minting of what Barber dubbed "showy quarters" began at the Philadelphia Mint on June 13, 1893, six weeks after the exposition opened. Leech had planned to strike the pieces using polished blanks, or
258:, a sculptor. Peddle left the project after disagreements with Mint officials, who then decided to have Barber do the work. The reverse design, showing a kneeling woman spinning flax, with a
488:, Barber's obverse design "follow Gilbert Scott's Victorian Gothic tradition of photographic classicism, best summed up by the groups of continents and the reliefs of famous persons on the
492:
in London." The reverse depicts a kneeling woman with distaff and spindle. Vermeule traces that imagery to the figure of a young female servant, carved upon the east pediment of the
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339:, who was determined to show that women could successfully assist in the management of the fair. To that end, the Lady Managers sought a coin to sell in competition with
309:
two years previously; that legislation created a Board of Lady Managers and a Board of Gentleman Managers to oversee the fair. The Board of Lady Managers was headed by
1702:
403:
had already urged Leech to keep the design process in-house at the Mint. Palmer replied that the Lady Managers had decided that the quarter would bear a portrait of
335:
Authorization for the Board of Lady Managers had been included in the 1890 law giving federal authority for the Exposition at the insistence of women's advocate,
17:
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391:, wrote to Palmer on March 14, 1893. Although he expressed a willingness to have the Lady Managers select the design, Mint Chief Engraver
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The obverse of the Isabella quarter depicts a crowned and richly clothed bust of that Spanish queen. According to art historian
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376:, who recommended his onetime student, Caroline Peddle, who was already engaged in exposition work, having been commissioned by
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415:, chairman of the House of Representatives' Fair Committee and a former colleague of Secretary of the Treasury
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Perhaps one of its greatest joys is that none of the customary inscriptions, mottoes and such, appear on it."
1656:
1680:
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U.S. quarter dollars issued strictly as a commemorative, not for circulation. The 2018 deluxe edition of
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1062:
Striking Change: The Great Artistic Collaboration of Theodore Roosevelt and Augustus Saint-Gaudens
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247:, and is the only U.S. commemorative of that denomination that was not intended for circulation.
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press. The coin did not sell well at the Exposition; its price of $ 1 was the same as for the
1776:
1755:
1579:
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232:
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in her right, symbolizes women's industry and was based on a sketch by Assistant Engraver
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1107:
The Encyclopedia of United States Silver & Gold Commemorative Coins, 1892 to 1954
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lists the piece as ranging between $ 325 in almost uncirculated AU-50 on the
359:. Total mintage of the special quarter would be limited to 40,000 specimens.
328:
314:
310:
251:
1710:
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forwarded them to Leech on April 11 and 12. These showed various uses of a
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1100:
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324:
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274:
100:
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Bosbyshell informed Leech by letter that Stewart Cullin, curator at the
1478:
1412:
1367:
476:
368:
463:, possessed a number of medals depicting Isabella, and former general
1387:
1079:
509:
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in the 5th century B.C. Nevertheless, a contemporary account in the
219:
struck in 1893. Congress authorized the piece at the request of the
1137:. Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.
534:
380:
to produce an exhibit. Palmer agreed to have Peddle do the work.
1243:
Commemorative Coins of the United States: A Complete Encyclopedia
1215:
Commemorative Coins of the United States: A Complete Encyclopedia
1187:
Commemorative Coins of the United States: A Complete Encyclopedia
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448:
302:
259:
175:
72:
426:
355:
struck for circulation, and with a design to be approved by the
289:
In August 1892, Congress passed an act authorizing the first
1239:"Chapter 8: Silver commemoratives (and clad too), Part 10"
1211:"Chapter 8: Silver commemoratives (and clad too), Part 8"
1183:"Chapter 8: Silver commemoratives (and clad too), Part 1"
1233:
959:
250:
The Board of Lady Managers, headed by Chicago socialite
1205:
1177:
925:
678:
480:
1838 anti-slavery token "Am I not a woman and a sister"
367:
Desiring a beautiful coin to sell, Palmer asked artist
1156:(4th ed.). Atlanta, GA: Whitman Publishing, LLC.
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882:
880:
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1084:
An Illustrated History of U.S. Commemorative Coinage
574:
383:
After Congress authorized the souvenir quarter, the
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938:
778:
1130:
1104:
996:
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1043:History of the United States Mint and its Coinage
1024:A Guide Book of United States Commemorative Coins
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732:
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447:, showing a kneeling woman spinning flax, with a
297:, to be sold at a premium by the managers of the
1806:
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254:, wanted a woman to design the coin and engaged
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27:United States commemorative coin struck in 1893
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1279:
627:commemorative also minted for the exposition.
1714:United States commemorative coins (pre-1900)
331:led the Exposition's Board of Lady Managers
273:The quarter's design was deprecated in the
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1689:
1616:America the Beautiful silver bullion coins
1286:
1272:
162:
120:
528:
1154:A Guide Book of United States Coins 2014
475:
425:
323:
1820:Early United States commemorative coins
1254:For further information on source, see
1226:For further information on source, see
1198:For further information on source, see
631:Early United States commemorative coins
471:
347:In January 1893, Palmer approached the
14:
1807:
1622:American Liberty high relief gold coin
1684:
1267:
519:had other criticisms of the quarter:
1125:
1064:. Atlanta, Ga.: Whitman Publishing.
1045:. Atlanta, Ga.: Whitman Publishing.
1026:. Atlanta, Ga.: Whitman Publishing.
886:
871:
847:
567:and $ 3,750 in near-pristine MS-66.
190:Charles E. Barber after a sketch by
560:A Guide Book of United States Coins
305:. The event had been authorised by
237:Columbus's voyages to the New World
24:
18:Columbian Exposition quarter dollar
1151:
1018:
1002:
978:
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385:Director of the Bureau of the Mint
25:
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1845:World's fair commemorative coins
1740:"CAL" Liberty Head quarter eagle
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291:United States commemorative coin
217:United States commemorative coin
517:American Journal of Numismatics
502:American Journal of Numismatics
182:, symbolizing women's industry.
349:House Appropriations Committee
284:
13:
1:
1815:Currencies introduced in 1893
1111:. New York: Arco Publishing.
1086:. New York: Arco Publishing.
636:
341:the commemorative half dollar
1835:World's Columbian Exposition
1295:Coinage of the United States
547:Scott Stamp and Coin Company
362:
299:World's Columbian Exposition
225:World's Columbian Exposition
213:Columbian Exposition quarter
7:
570:
10:
1861:
1840:Works by Charles E. Barber
1060:Moran, Michael F. (2008).
565:Sheldon coin grading scale
461:University of Pennsylvania
231:depicts the Spanish queen
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1133:Numismatic Art in America
357:Secretary of the Treasury
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37:
1041:Lange, David W. (2006).
262:in her left hand and a
1830:Twenty-five-cent coins
529:Release and collecting
526:
481:
431:
374:Augustus Saint-Gaudens
332:
221:Board of Lady Managers
1825:Isabella I of Castile
1777:Columbian half dollar
1756:Columbian half dollar
1152:Yeoman, R.S. (2018).
621:Columbian half dollar
521:
508:Numismatic historian
479:
429:
327:
279:Columbian half dollar
239:. It was designed by
233:Isabella I of Castile
174:Kneeling female with
1665:(1976, 1992–present)
613:United States portal
472:Design and reception
1604:First Spouse (gold)
1127:Vermeule, Cornelius
664:, pp. 113–114.
662:Swiatek & Breen
48:25 cents (.25 US$ )
34:
1099:Swiatek, Anthony;
787:, pp. 91, 94.
599:Numismatics portal
486:Cornelius Vermeule
482:
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241:Bureau of the Mint
32:
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1801:
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1606:(2007–2016; 2020)
1163:978-0-7948-4580-3
1144:978-0-674-62840-3
1118:978-0-668-04765-4
1071:978-0-7948-2356-6
1052:978-0-7948-1972-9
1033:978-0-7948-2256-9
981:, pp. 41–42.
874:, pp. 92–93.
838:, pp. 11–13.
751:, pp. 92–93.
712:, pp. 87–91.
401:Oliver Bosbyshell
397:Philadelphia Mint
393:Charles E. Barber
245:Charles E. Barber
205:
204:
143:Charles E. Barber
16:(Redirected from
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1793:Lafayette dollar
1772:Isabella quarter
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1663:Silver Proof Set
1651:Special Mint Set
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539:Assay Commission
465:Oliver O. Howard
445:George T. Morgan
417:John G. Carlisle
409:Queen of Castile
337:Susan B. Anthony
313:, whose husband
268:George T. Morgan
235:, who sponsored
209:Isabella quarter
192:George T. Morgan
166:
133:Queen Isabella I
124:
107:Years of minting
35:
33:Isabella quarter
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1610:Palladium Eagle
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1368:1¢ (large size)
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490:Albert Memorial
474:
430:Peddle's sketch
399:Superintendent
389:Edward O. Leech
365:
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256:Caroline Peddle
243:Chief Engraver
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1647:(1947–present)
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1624:(2015–present)
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1594:(1997–present)
1592:Platinum Eagle
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1582:(1986–present)
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1290:
1283:
1276:
1268:
1260:
1259:
1231:
1203:
1169:
1168:
1162:
1149:
1143:
1123:
1117:
1096:
1076:
1070:
1057:
1051:
1038:
1032:
1008:
1007:
995:
993:, p. 113.
983:
968:
949:
934:
918:
906:
891:
876:
864:
852:
840:
828:
813:
801:
789:
777:
765:
753:
741:
726:
714:
702:
687:
666:
654:
652:, p. 126.
641:
640:
638:
635:
634:
633:
628:
617:
616:
602:
588:
572:
569:
530:
527:
494:Temple of Zeus
473:
470:
454:heraldic eagle
413:Allen Durborow
364:
361:
286:
283:
203:
202:
199:
195:
194:
188:
184:
183:
172:
168:
167:
159:
158:
154:
153:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
117:
116:
112:
111:
108:
104:
103:
97:
93:
92:
90:
89:
86:
82:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
62:
58:
57:
54:
50:
49:
46:
42:
41:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1857:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1763:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1699:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1686:
1683:
1670:
1667:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1494:Commemorative
1491:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1289:
1284:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1248:September 30,
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1220:September 30,
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1201:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1172:Other sources
1165:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1146:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1102:
1101:Breen, Walter
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1004:
999:
992:
987:
980:
975:
973:
965:
963:
956:
954:
947:, p. 42.
946:
941:
939:
931:
929:
922:
916:, p. 98.
915:
910:
904:, p. 13.
903:
898:
896:
889:, p. 93.
888:
883:
881:
873:
868:
861:
856:
850:, p. 92.
849:
844:
837:
832:
826:, p. 97.
825:
820:
818:
811:, p. 11.
810:
805:
799:, p. 94.
798:
793:
786:
781:
775:, p. 93.
774:
769:
763:, p. 10.
762:
757:
750:
745:
739:, p. 91.
738:
733:
731:
724:, p. 88.
723:
718:
711:
706:
700:, p. 87.
699:
694:
692:
684:
682:
675:
673:
671:
663:
658:
651:
646:
642:
632:
629:
626:
622:
619:
618:
614:
603:
600:
589:
586:
575:
568:
566:
562:
561:
556:
550:
548:
542:
540:
536:
525:
520:
518:
513:
511:
506:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
478:
469:
466:
462:
457:
455:
450:
446:
440:
436:
428:
424:
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
381:
379:
375:
370:
360:
358:
354:
350:
345:
342:
338:
330:
329:Bertha Palmer
326:
322:
320:
316:
312:
311:Bertha Palmer
308:
304:
300:
296:
295:a half dollar
292:
282:
280:
276:
271:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
252:Bertha Palmer
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
200:
196:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
155:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
134:
131:
127:
123:
118:
113:
109:
105:
102:
98:
94:
87:
84:
83:
81:
77:
74:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
39:United States
36:
30:
19:
1795:(dated 1900)
1771:
1669:Prestige Set
1657:Souvenir Set
1632:Special sets
1598:Gold Buffalo
1580:Silver Eagle
1261:
1246:. Retrieved
1242:
1218:. Retrieved
1214:
1190:. Retrieved
1186:
1171:
1170:
1153:
1132:
1106:
1083:
1061:
1042:
1023:
1013:Bibliography
1012:
1011:
998:
986:
962:Encyclopedia
961:
928:Encyclopedia
927:
921:
909:
867:
855:
843:
831:
804:
792:
780:
768:
756:
744:
717:
705:
681:Encyclopedia
680:
657:
645:
623: – The
585:Money portal
558:
551:
543:
532:
522:
516:
514:
507:
501:
483:
458:
441:
437:
433:
421:
382:
366:
346:
334:
319:Palmer House
288:
272:
249:
212:
208:
206:
101:troy oz
99:.18084
88:10.0% copper
85:90.0% silver
64:24.3 mm
29:
1671:(1983–1997)
1659:(1972–1998)
1653:(1964–1967)
1618:(2010–2021)
1464:3¢ (bronze)
1441:2¢ (billon)
1388:5¢ (silver)
1383:3¢ (nickel)
1378:3¢ (silver)
1303:Circulating
625:half dollar
555:R.S. Yeoman
353:the quarter
285:Legislation
198:Design date
149:Design date
79:Composition
56:6.25 g
1809:Categories
1586:Gold Eagle
1398:$ 1 (gold)
1192:October 3,
1080:Taxay, Don
637:References
405:Isabella I
369:Kenyon Cox
317:owned the
275:numismatic
1639:Proof Set
964:, Part 10
535:planchets
510:Don Taxay
378:Tiffany's
363:Inception
1645:Mint Set
1433:Canceled
1346:Obsolete
1129:(1971).
1103:(1981).
1082:(1967).
1022:(2008).
930:, Part 1
887:Vermeule
872:Vermeule
848:Vermeule
683:, Part 8
571:See also
307:Congress
187:Designer
139:Designer
61:Diameter
1572:Bullion
1454:⁄
1358:⁄
1092:1357564
960:Bowers
926:Bowers
679:Bowers
498:Olympia
449:distaff
303:Chicago
264:spindle
260:distaff
229:quarter
227:. The
223:of the
180:spindle
176:distaff
157:Reverse
115:Obverse
1720:1900s
1160:
1141:
1115:
1090:
1068:
1049:
1030:
1003:Yeoman
979:Bowers
945:Bowers
860:Yeoman
315:Potter
215:was a
171:Design
129:Design
96:Silver
73:reeded
1562:2020s
1557:2010s
1552:2000s
1547:1990s
1542:1980s
1537:1970s
1532:1950s
1527:1940s
1522:1930s
1517:1920s
1512:1910s
1507:1900s
1502:1800s
1484:$ 100
1403:$ 2.5
991:Moran
914:Moran
902:Taxay
836:Taxay
824:Moran
809:Taxay
797:Moran
785:Moran
773:Moran
761:Taxay
749:Moran
737:Moran
722:Moran
710:Moran
698:Moran
650:Lange
45:Value
1786:1899
1765:1893
1749:1892
1733:1848
1479:$ 50
1423:$ 20
1418:$ 10
1256:here
1250:2012
1228:here
1222:2012
1200:here
1194:2012
1158:ISBN
1139:ISBN
1113:ISBN
1088:OCLC
1066:ISBN
1047:ISBN
1028:ISBN
515:The
395:and
207:The
201:1893
178:and
152:1893
110:1893
69:Edge
53:Mass
1474:$ 4
1469:$ 2
1413:$ 5
1408:$ 3
1393:20¢
1336:$ 1
1331:50¢
1326:25¢
1321:10¢
557:'s
496:at
301:in
211:or
1811::
1373:2¢
1316:5¢
1311:1¢
1241:.
1237:.
1213:.
1209:.
1185:.
1181:.
971:^
952:^
937:^
894:^
879:^
816:^
729:^
690:^
669:^
541:.
407:,
387:,
293:,
270:.
1722:→
1704:e
1697:t
1690:v
1459:¢
1456:2
1452:1
1449:+
1447:2
1363:¢
1360:2
1356:1
1287:e
1280:t
1273:v
1258:.
1252:.
1230:.
1224:.
1202:.
1196:.
1166:.
1147:.
1121:.
1094:.
1074:.
1055:.
1036:.
966:.
932:.
685:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
