355:(Jones and Kehm, 1946) could summarize the routine care of the permanent colostomy as usually quite satisfactory, stating that after patients recover from the initial worry prompted by the need for a colostomy, most of them learn to manage their colostomy quite well. "These patients come from all walks of life and carry on their daily work as usual. One patient stated that he could see no advantage of the normal anus over a colostomy. While this may be somewhat overstated, it is true that most people with a permanent colostomy can live a useful, happy life." They found that, just as in anyone else, dietary indiscretion was the usual factor in occasional bowel habit disruption. This historical experience has been borne out, as today the conclusion still stands that most patients can successfully manage a colostomy as part of their
44:
412:
404:
218:
343:
Pouches and the stick-on appliances to which they attach must be changed regularly. Sometimes an odor neutralizer and lubricant is squirted into a new pouch before it is attached. Two types of pouches are available: one disposable and one drainable. Most pouches are opaque and filter out air through
362:
Jones and Kehm preferred tissue paper as a colostomy cover (held in place with a band or garment) rather than a colostomy bag. They found that irrigation of the colostomy varied with each patient's bowel habit but that most patients developed a routine of every-other-day irrigation, whereas a few
344:
a charcoal filter. The recommended practice is to empty such pouches when one-third full. Appliances, in contrast with pouches, are usually replaced every three to seven days except in cases where their seals have broken contact with the skin, when they should be replaced immediately.
252:
The bowel is severed and both ends are brought out onto the abdomen. Only the proximal stoma is functioning. Most often, double-barrel colostomy is a temporary colostomy with two openings into the colon (distal and proximal). The elimination occurs through the proximal
394:
is placed inside the stoma, and flushed with water, which allows the feces to come out of the body into an irrigation sleeve. Most colostomates irrigate once a day or every other day, though this depends on the person, their food intake, and their health.
236:. A loop of the bowel is pulled out onto the abdomen and held in place with an external device. The bowel is then sutured to the abdomen and two openings are created in the one stoma: one for stool and the other for mucus.
189:
A part of the colon has been operated upon and needs to be 'rested' until it is healed. In this case, the colostomy is often temporary and is usually reversed at a later date, leaving the patient with a small
390:
may have the option of irrigation, which allows for the person to not wear a pouch, but rather just a gauze cap over the stoma, and to schedule irrigation for times that are convenient. To irrigate, a
549:
Taylor, C. R., Lillis, C., LeMone, P., Lynn, P. (2011) Fundamentals of nursing: The art and science of nursing care. Philadelphia: Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins, page 1327.
370:
to collect intestinal waste. Ordinarily, the pouch must be emptied or changed a couple of times a day depending on the frequency of activity; in general the further from the
702:
470:
881:
374:(i.e., the further 'up' the intestinal tract) the ostomy is located the greater the output and more frequent the need to empty or change the pouch.
1782:
1553:
59:
1514:
1579:
1157:
917:
620:
1584:
874:
1320:
437:-based exercises have been demonstrated to improve patients' core abdominal strength and to reduce the risk of a hernia worsening.
257:
Colostomy surgery that is planned usually has a higher rate of long-term success than surgery performed in an emergency situation.
1477:
407:
Patient with a colostomy complicated by a large parastomal hernia, which is when tissue protrudes adjacent to the stoma tract.
504:
734:
Taylor, Claire; Munro, Julie; Goodman, William; Russell, Sarah; Oliphant, Raymond; Beeken, Rebecca J; Hubbard, Gill (2023).
571:
1032:
867:
710:
1081:
1519:
474:
1818:
1777:
1772:
520:
795:
1310:
1017:
968:
297:, an internal ileo-anal pouch is constructed using a portion of the patient's lower intestine, to act as a new
440:
Other common complications of colostomy are high output, skin irritation, prolapse, retraction, and ischemia.
1399:
1143:
991:
242:
A stoma is created from one end of the bowel. The other portion of the bowel is either removed or sewn shut (
859:
313:
can occur at any location along the colon, but the most common placement is on the lower left side near the
1665:
1384:
1211:
1088:
908:
146:
is unavailable for that function (for example, in cases where it has been removed as part of treatment for
1574:
1409:
953:
736:"Hernia Active Living Trial (HALT): an exercise intervention in people with a parastomal hernia or bulge"
1482:
1404:
1272:
1131:
356:
1670:
1460:
1374:
1282:
1201:
973:
963:
415:
175:
1764:
1619:
1277:
958:
900:
66:
763:
43:
1713:
1629:
1254:
1012:
243:
653:
1743:
1558:
1022:
891:
367:
135:
679:
1718:
1648:
1504:
1098:
1059:
627:
430:
of bowel wall through the stoma occasionally happens and can require reoperation to repair.
1787:
1315:
788:
198:
commonly are given a colostomy in preparation for surgery to remove the tumor, followed by
122:
that creates one. The opening is formed by drawing the healthy end of the colon through an
8:
1690:
1614:
1509:
1414:
1389:
1305:
1300:
1244:
1039:
1184:
1027:
812:
602:
514:
411:
266:
205:
199:
155:
151:
119:
28:
1750:
1634:
1596:
1442:
1352:
1174:
1066:
1007:
755:
594:
500:
147:
123:
54:
606:
281:
is now rarely performed for rectal cancer, with surgeons usually preferring primary
1754:
1591:
997:
747:
586:
422:
Parastomal hernia (PH) is the most common late complication of stomata through the
387:
352:
326:
322:
233:
232:
This type of colostomy is usually used in emergencies and is a temporary and large
111:
494:
403:
86:
1792:
1569:
1565:
1548:
1543:
1330:
1226:
1216:
1191:
1179:
1166:
1118:
781:
318:
290:
282:
131:
115:
72:
751:
1797:
1624:
1487:
1432:
1138:
1108:
1002:
943:
926:
423:
348:
179:
127:
1812:
1708:
1437:
1367:
1103:
938:
889:
840:
804:
759:
495:
Wolff, Bruce G.; American
Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, eds. (2007).
383:
338:
314:
16:
Surgical procedure in which a hole is cut into the colon and stoma is placed
1685:
1499:
1394:
1379:
1234:
598:
195:
182:, injury, etc., so that it is no longer possible for feces to exit via the
171:
735:
590:
1675:
1531:
1494:
1362:
1357:
1342:
1206:
1093:
1076:
1054:
1044:
948:
830:
286:
217:
80:
20:
1738:
1680:
1657:
1424:
1292:
1071:
1049:
848:
294:
426:, occurring in 10-25% of patients, even up to 50% by some estimates.
96:
1535:
1338:
1239:
1196:
1126:
930:
825:
317:
where a majority of colon cancers occur. Other locations include the
278:
166:
There are many reasons for this procedure. Some common reasons are:
1606:
1347:
427:
391:
134:
it into place. This opening, often in conjunction with an attached
24:
194:
in place of the stoma. Children undergoing surgery for extensive
983:
434:
310:
773:
1700:
1264:
298:
1469:
654:"Colostomy irrigation: A personal account managing colostomy"
139:
371:
191:
183:
143:
733:
709:. American Society of Abdominal Surgeons. Archived from
626:. United Ostomy Associations of America. Archived from
418:
of same patient, showing intestines within the hernia.
347:
Even as long ago as the 1940s, surgeons conducting a
700:
170:A part of the colon has been removed, e.g. due to
382:People with colostomies who have ostomies of the
221:Illustration depicting various types of colostomy
158:or irreversible, depending on the circumstances.
1810:
565:
563:
561:
559:
557:
555:
497:The ASCRS textbook of colon and rectal surgery
1515:Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
916:
875:
789:
488:
703:"Paraostomy Hernias: Prosthetic Mesh Repair"
552:
154:), an artificial anus takes over. It may be
377:
208:that is not responsive to other treatments.
1165:
882:
868:
796:
782:
42:
1656:
569:
1321:Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization
545:
543:
460:3rd ed.2006, Elsevier Canada. p1393-1394
410:
402:
216:
1478:Artificial extracorporeal liver support
621:"Colostomy irrigation: Colostomy Guide"
572:"Management of the permanent colostomy"
570:Jones, Thomas E.; Kehm, Ray W. (1946),
142:to leave the body. Thus if the natural
1811:
138:, provides an alternative channel for
863:
777:
729:
727:
671:
645:
540:
366:People with colostomies must wear an
1033:Vertical banded gastroplasty surgery
1082:Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
890:Tests and procedures involving the
613:
499:. New York: Springer. p. 417.
13:
1520:Distal splenorenal shunt procedure
724:
651:
537:3rd ed.2006, Elsevier Canada.p1393
265:A colostomy may be temporary; and
14:
1830:
803:
301:to replace the removed original.
535:Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing
458:Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing
398:
1311:Lateral internal sphincterotomy
694:
680:"What is colostomy irrigation?"
677:
332:
272:
269:at a later date; or permanent.
1018:Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
969:Functional Lumen Imaging Probe
527:
463:
450:
309:Placement of the stoma on the
1:
1400:Lower gastrointestinal series
1144:Upper gastrointestinal series
519:: CS1 maint: date and year (
443:
1666:Diagnostic peritoneal lavage
1385:Double-contrast barium enema
1212:Partial ileal bypass surgery
1089:Esophagogastric dissociation
304:
225:Types of colostomy include:
7:
1483:Bioartificial liver devices
1410:Transrectal ultrasonography
752:10.12968/bjon.2023.32.22.S4
701:Paul H. Sugarbaker (2013).
260:
48:Diagram showing a colostomy
10:
1835:
1405:Small-bowel follow-through
1273:Abdominoperineal resection
1132:Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
740:British Journal of Nursing
579:Cleveland Clinic Quarterly
357:activities of daily living
336:
293:. In place of an external
18:
1765:Clinical prediction rules
1763:
1731:
1699:
1671:Intraperitoneal injection
1647:
1605:
1530:
1468:
1459:
1423:
1375:Abdominal ultrasonography
1329:
1291:
1283:Total mesorectal excision
1263:
1225:
1202:Intestine transplantation
1156:
1117:
992:Sengstaken–Blakemore tube
982:
974:High resolution manometry
964:Esophageal motility study
925:
907:
898:
839:
811:
176:total mesorectal excision
93:
79:
65:
53:
41:
36:
1819:Digestive system surgery
1620:Pancreas transplantation
1278:Lower anterior resection
959:Esophageal pH monitoring
901:Digestive system surgery
378:Colostomy and irrigation
250:Double barrel colostomy:
212:
19:Not to be confused with
1714:Inguinal hernia surgery
1630:Pancreaticoduodenectomy
1013:Adjustable gastric band
954:Impedance–pH monitoring
329:sections of the colon.
161:
1744:Exploratory laparotomy
1559:Hepatoportoenterostomy
1023:Gastric bypass surgery
892:human digestive system
419:
408:
368:ostomy pouching system
363:needed no irrigation.
222:
1719:Femoral hernia repair
1505:Liver transplantation
1099:Nissen fundoplication
591:10.3949/ccjm.13.4.198
414:
406:
220:
1316:Rubber band ligation
1255:Hartmann's operation
244:Hartmann's procedure
1691:Peritoneal dialysis
1510:Portal hypertension
1415:Virtual colonoscopy
1390:Endoanal ultrasound
1306:Anorectal manometry
1301:Anal sphincterotomy
1245:Colonic polypectomy
1040:Collis gastroplasty
1185:Jejunoileal bypass
1028:Sleeve gastrectomy
420:
409:
223:
206:Fecal incontinence
152:ulcerative colitis
120:surgical procedure
29:Corpus callosotomy
1806:
1805:
1751:Rapid urease test
1727:
1726:
1643:
1642:
1635:Puestow procedure
1597:Cholescintigraphy
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1443:Stool guaiac test
1353:Capsule endoscopy
1175:Bariatric surgery
1152:
1151:
1067:Gastroenterostomy
1008:Bariatric surgery
857:
856:
766:on 11 March 2024.
707:Abdominal Surgery
506:978-0-387-24846-2
202:of the colostomy.
148:colorectal cancer
104:
103:
1826:
1788:Child–Pugh score
1755:Urea breath test
1654:
1653:
1615:Frey's procedure
1592:Cholecystography
1466:
1465:
1163:
1162:
998:Nasogastric tube
923:
922:
914:
913:
884:
877:
870:
861:
860:
798:
791:
784:
775:
774:
768:
767:
762:. Archived from
731:
722:
721:
719:
718:
698:
692:
691:
689:
687:
675:
669:
668:
666:
664:
658:
649:
643:
642:
640:
638:
632:
625:
617:
611:
610:
576:
567:
550:
547:
538:
531:
525:
524:
518:
510:
492:
486:
485:
483:
482:
473:. Archived from
467:
461:
454:
388:descending colon
353:Cleveland Clinic
126:in the anterior
118:(colon), or the
97:edit on Wikidata
89:
75:
46:
34:
33:
1834:
1833:
1829:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1824:
1823:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1793:Ranson criteria
1759:
1723:
1695:
1639:
1601:
1570:Cholangiography
1566:Medical imaging
1549:Cholecystostomy
1544:Cholecystectomy
1526:
1447:
1419:
1331:Medical imaging
1325:
1287:
1259:
1221:
1217:Strictureplasty
1192:Bowel resection
1180:Duodenal switch
1148:
1119:Medical imaging
1113:
978:
909:Digestive tract
903:
894:
888:
858:
853:
835:
807:
802:
772:
771:
732:
725:
716:
714:
699:
695:
685:
683:
676:
672:
662:
660:
656:
652:Rooney, Debra.
650:
646:
636:
634:
633:on 23 June 2012
630:
623:
619:
618:
614:
574:
568:
553:
548:
541:
532:
528:
512:
511:
507:
493:
489:
480:
478:
469:
468:
464:
455:
451:
446:
401:
380:
341:
335:
307:
291:ileo-anal pouch
275:
263:
230:Loop colostomy:
215:
164:
116:large intestine
110:is an opening (
100:
85:
71:
49:
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1832:
1822:
1821:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1798:Milan criteria
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1769:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1757:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1735:
1733:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1705:
1703:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1662:
1660:
1651:
1649:Abdominopelvic
1645:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1638:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1625:Pancreatectomy
1622:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1540:
1538:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1488:Liver dialysis
1485:
1474:
1472:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1433:Fecal fat test
1429:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1335:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1297:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1269:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1231:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1171:
1169:
1160:
1158:Lower GI tract
1154:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1141:
1139:Barium swallow
1136:
1135:
1134:
1123:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1109:Schilling test
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1005:
1003:Gastric lavage
1000:
995:
988:
986:
980:
979:
977:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
944:Heller myotomy
941:
935:
933:
920:
918:Upper GI tract
911:
905:
904:
899:
896:
895:
887:
886:
879:
872:
864:
855:
854:
852:
851:
845:
843:
837:
836:
834:
833:
828:
823:
817:
815:
809:
808:
801:
800:
793:
786:
778:
770:
769:
746:(22): S4–S11.
723:
693:
670:
644:
612:
585:(4): 198–203,
551:
539:
533:Potter et al.
526:
505:
487:
462:
456:Potter et al.
448:
447:
445:
442:
424:abdominal wall
400:
397:
379:
376:
334:
331:
306:
303:
274:
271:
262:
259:
255:
254:
247:
240:End colostomy:
237:
214:
211:
210:
209:
203:
187:
180:diverticulitis
163:
160:
128:abdominal wall
102:
101:
94:
91:
90:
83:
77:
76:
69:
63:
62:
57:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1831:
1820:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1762:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1730:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1709:Hernia repair
1707:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1438:Fecal pH test
1436:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1368:Sigmoidoscopy
1366:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1268:
1266:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1177:
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1107:
1105:
1104:Pyloromyotomy
1102:
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947:
945:
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940:
939:Esophagectomy
937:
936:
934:
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921:
919:
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844:
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841:Ostomy system
838:
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829:
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824:
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805:Ostomy system
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713:on 2016-01-31
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678:Wax, Arnold.
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477:on 2015-12-10
476:
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399:Complications
396:
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384:sigmoid colon
375:
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345:
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339:Ostomy system
330:
328:
324:
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296:
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285:and internal
284:
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277:Colostomy or
270:
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207:
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196:pelvic tumors
193:
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136:ostomy system
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26:
22:
1686:Paracentesis
1500:Liver biopsy
1395:Enteroclysis
1380:Defecography
1249:
1235:Appendectomy
820:
764:the original
743:
739:
715:. Retrieved
711:the original
706:
696:
684:. Retrieved
673:
661:. Retrieved
647:
635:. Retrieved
628:the original
615:
582:
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534:
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496:
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479:. Retrieved
475:the original
465:
457:
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432:
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381:
365:
361:
346:
342:
333:Routine care
308:
276:
273:Alternatives
264:
256:
249:
239:
229:
224:
174:requiring a
172:colon cancer
165:
107:
105:
1676:Laparoscopy
1532:Gallbladder
1495:Hepatectomy
1425:Stool tests
1363:Proctoscopy
1358:Enteroscopy
1343:Colonoscopy
1227:Large bowel
1207:Jejunostomy
1167:Small bowel
1094:Hill repair
1077:Gastrostomy
1055:Billroth II
1045:Gastrectomy
949:Sialography
831:Jejunostomy
686:7 September
663:7 September
287:anastomosis
81:MedlinePlus
21:Colonoscopy
1739:Laparotomy
1681:Omentopexy
1658:Peritoneum
1293:Anal canal
1072:Gastropexy
1050:Billroth I
849:Ostomy bag
813:Procedures
717:2015-10-28
637:4 February
481:2015-06-09
444:References
337:See also:
327:descending
323:transverse
289:, e.g. an
156:reversible
1536:bile duct
1461:Accessory
1339:Endoscopy
1250:Colostomy
1240:Colectomy
1197:Ileostomy
1127:Endoscopy
1060:Roux-en-Y
931:Esophagus
826:Ileostomy
821:Colostomy
760:0966-0461
515:cite book
433:Clinical
319:ascending
305:Procedure
295:appliance
283:resection
279:ileostomy
114:) in the
108:colostomy
37:Colostomy
1813:Category
1607:Pancreas
1348:Anoscopy
682:. WebMed
659:. Ostomy
607:76078689
599:20274022
428:Prolapse
392:catheter
267:reversed
261:Duration
200:reversal
132:suturing
124:incision
55:ICD-9-CM
25:Colotomy
984:Stomach
471:"Stoma"
435:pilates
416:CT scan
351:at the
315:sigmoid
311:abdomen
73:D003125
1701:Hernia
1265:Rectum
758:
605:
597:
503:
349:review
325:, and
299:rectum
253:stoma.
87:002942
1783:UKELD
1732:Other
1470:Liver
657:(PDF)
631:(PDF)
624:(PDF)
603:S2CID
575:(PDF)
234:stoma
213:Types
140:feces
112:stoma
95:[
27:, or
1778:PELD
1773:MELD
1580:MRCP
1554:ERCP
756:ISSN
688:2012
665:2012
639:2013
595:PMID
521:link
501:ISBN
372:anus
192:scar
184:anus
162:Uses
144:anus
130:and
67:MeSH
60:46.1
1585:PTC
927:SGs
748:doi
587:doi
386:or
150:or
1815::
1753:/
1575:IV
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99:]
31:.
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