215:
110:
3717:
313:
38:
132:
2745:
2473:
Groups opposed to the amendment argued that it was inappropriate to add the definition of marriage to the constitution's Bill of Rights, which defines individual rights. They also argued the amendment was itself an unconstitutional form of discrimination, and redundant in that same-sex marriage was
2469:
Groups in favor of
Amendment 43 contended that it would preserve the commonly accepted and historical definition of marriage and that the marriage of a man and woman provides an optimal environment for creating, nurturing, and protecting children and preserving families. They also aimed to prevent
2460:
At the time the amendment was adopted, the benefits of marriage in
Colorado included collecting benefits such as pensions, life insurance, and workers' compensation without being designated as a beneficiary; jointly incurring and being held liable for debts; making medical treatment decisions for
2405:
On
November 3, 1992, Colorado voters approved Amendment 2, which added language to the state constitution that prohibited the state and all of its subdivisions from allowing "homosexual, lesbian or bisexual orientation, conduct, practices or relationships" to provide the basis for any "claim any
2456:
The amendment provided that the only marriages recognized under the state constitution would be between a man and a woman whether licensed and celebrated as provided by law or established by common law by a couple who live together and hold themselves out publicly as husband and wife.
2448:. Lieutenant Governor Norton explained "If we really don't take a stand now, it's really a matter of time before we lose the uniqueness of marriage. If we lose the uniqueness of marriage, we lose a fundamental building block of society."
3652:
2461:
each other; protection from discrimination based on marital status in areas such as employment and housing; filing income taxes jointly; and ending a marriage and distributing property through a legal process.
2420:
that the amendment, because it "allows discrimination against homosexuals and prevents the state from protecting them", was "motivated by animus towards homosexuals" and violated their rights under the
3758:
3721:
3773:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1117:
1112:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
920:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
3763:
3141:
2810:
1339:
1227:
1122:
1105:
1095:
1053:
2757:
3161:
3177:
3534:
3237:
3255:
2387:
3265:
2426:
1779:
757:
717:
692:
637:
3621:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
395:
390:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
3270:
911:
3242:
3230:
3134:
2803:
3611:
3225:
331:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
737:
732:
627:
3673:
2194:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
752:
747:
742:
727:
722:
712:
707:
702:
697:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
632:
609:
599:
594:
589:
565:
555:
3601:
3127:
2796:
604:
575:
570:
550:
618:
17:
2380:
3693:
3193:
3768:
3644:
3324:
3203:
1715:
3570:
3560:
3509:
3198:
2322:
1743:
1738:
1733:
583:
544:
322:
2617:
3743:
3580:
3575:
3565:
3542:
3217:
2373:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2189:
1761:
2938:
1770:
3150:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
3596:
3474:
3439:
2780:
2355:
3668:
3552:
3514:
3419:
3379:
2411:
2725:
3778:
3698:
3639:
3479:
3469:
3464:
3444:
2681:
2654:
1836:
560:
3616:
3394:
3309:
2908:
2598:
1886:
1877:
3429:
3424:
3299:
2932:
2173:
3748:
3688:
3519:
3484:
3389:
3364:
2854:
1706:
298:
to define marriage in
Colorado as only a union between one man and one woman. It passed with 56% of the vote.
3678:
3504:
3454:
3434:
3409:
3399:
3384:
3374:
3359:
3339:
3314:
3304:
3294:
3028:
3004:
2944:
2138:
2098:
2093:
2083:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
3683:
3524:
3499:
3404:
3344:
3319:
3289:
3279:
3109:
3022:
2992:
2902:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2246:
2118:
2113:
2103:
2073:
3459:
3414:
3354:
3329:
3284:
2986:
2920:
2769:
2053:
3753:
3489:
3369:
3334:
3051:
2980:
2968:
2962:
2926:
2878:
2157:
2128:
2063:
2698:
3606:
3494:
3449:
3349:
2914:
2890:
2872:
2133:
2068:
1724:
2618:
Official
Publication of the Abstract of Votes Cast for the 005 Coordinated 2006 Primary 2006 General
3075:
3016:
2974:
2956:
2884:
2306:
2255:
2078:
1752:
2629:
2950:
2860:
2837:
2644:
2422:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
3092:
3057:
3010:
2866:
2442:
2407:
2406:
minority status, quota preferences, protected status or claim of discrimination." In 1994, the
1358:
294:
was a referendum approved by the voters in 2006 that added a new section to
Article II of the
3069:
3034:
2831:
2043:
2033:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1898:
304:
295:
2671:
1403:
8:
3063:
2552:
3119:
2788:
3108:
ban, granted
Legislature authority to ban same-sex marriage. Reversed in 2013 by the
2744:
2896:
2677:
2650:
2445:
2339:
214:
3653:
Cities and counties in the United States offering a domestic partnership registry
1788:
534:
2470:
the state courts from expanding the definition of marriage to same-sex couples.
2438:
2416:
3737:
2593:
2519:
2491:
2588:
3162:
Rights and responsibilities of marriages in the United States
3759:
U.S. state constitutional amendments banning same-sex unions
3178:
U.S. state constitutional amendments banning same-sex unions
2646:
3774:
Discrimination against LGBTQ people in the United States
3238:
Public opinion of same-sex marriage in the United States
3149:
2818:
3764:
Same-sex marriage ballot measures in the United States
2474:
already prohibited by both state and federal statute.
2673:
The Gay Rights
Question in Contemporary American Law
2410:
found the amendment unconstitutional. In 1996, the
2770:
Marriage limits set to face stiff fight in 3 states
2699:"Beacon of Hope gala to honor Mike and Jane Norton"
3243:Same-sex marriage legislation in the United States
3251:
3226:History of same-sex marriage in the United States
2690:
2437:The amendment was drafted by Lieutenant Governor
3735:
3135:
2804:
2717:
2676:. University of Chicago Press. pp. 6ff.
2477:
2381:
3194:Recognition of same-sex unions in Colorado
3142:
3128:
2811:
2797:
2781:2006 Ballot Measures: A National Scorecard
2732:. Fort Collins, Colorado. Associated Press
2388:
2374:
3204:Recognition of same-sex unions in Florida
2669:
2758:Colorado Blue Book Proposed Amendment 43
2696:
2649:. NY: Law Journal Press. pp. 1–14.
2642:
1771:Colorado State Board of Regent elections
3661:
3199:Recognition of same-sex unions in Texas
3186:
3037:(2009, legalizing legislation defeated)
912:U.S. House of Representatives elections
14:
3736:
2723:
3123:
2939:North Dakota Constitutional Measure 1
2792:
2697:Laugesen, Wayne (December 20, 2017).
3151:Same-sex unions in the United States
2879:Louisiana Constitutional Amendment 1
2819:U.S. same-sex unions ballot measures
2724:Slevin, Colleen (October 27, 2006).
220:
2995:(2006, constitutional ban defeated)
2915:Arkansas Constitutional Amendment 3
2891:Kentucky Constitutional Amendment 1
2873:Missouri Constitutional Amendment 2
535:Presidential caucuses and primaries
24:
2885:Georgia Constitutional Amendment 1
1837:House of Representatives elections
25:
3790:
2838:Hawaii Constitutional Amendment 2
2726:"Norton joins gay marriage fight"
78:Definition of Marriage Initiative
3769:Initiatives in the United States
3716:
3715:
2743:
2599:List of Colorado ballot measures
1887:List of Colorado ballot measures
311:
213:
130:
108:
36:
2933:Utah Constitutional Amendment 3
2774:
2763:
2751:
2663:
2636:
2622:
2611:
13:
1:
3744:2006 Colorado ballot measures
3072:(2012, proposed ban defeated)
2604:
2400:
3110:Hawaii Marriage Equality Act
1707:Secretary of State elections
18:Colorado Amendment 43 (2006)
7:
2909:Oklahoma State Question 711
2760:, accessed January 24, 2013
2643:Solotoff, Lawrence (2006).
2582:
2464:
2432:
10:
3795:
3052:North Carolina Amendment 1
2969:South Carolina Amendment 1
2670:Koppelman, Andrew (2002).
2478:Pre-decision opinion polls
2451:
1725:Attorney General elections
3711:
3638:
3589:
3551:
3533:
3264:
3216:
3170:
3157:
3102:
3085:
3044:
2855:California Proposition 22
2847:
2824:
284:
212:
203:
188:Registered voters/turnout
102:
99:
90:
85:
74:
50:
34:
3779:Constitution of Colorado
3612:Northern Mariana Islands
3076:Washington Referendum 74
3029:California Proposition 8
3005:South Dakota Amendment C
2945:Oregon Ballot Measure 36
2867:Nevada Ballot Question 2
2441:and her husband, former
3023:Arizona Proposition 102
2993:Arizona Proposition 107
2903:Mississippi Amendment 1
2861:Nebraska Initiative 416
2832:Alaska Ballot Measure 2
2705:. Archdiocese of Denver
2423:equal protection clause
1404:Gubernatorial elections
159:Invalid or blank votes
2987:Wisconsin Referendum 1
2921:Michigan Proposal 04-2
2869:(2000 & 2002, ban)
2408:Colorado Supreme Court
332:Presidential elections
3749:2006 in LGBTQ history
3645:domestic partnerships
3070:Minnesota Amendment 1
2999:Colorado Amendment 43
2981:Tennessee Amendment 1
2963:Alabama Amendment 774
2927:Montana Initiative 96
2630:"AMERICA VOTES: 2006"
2485:Date of opinion poll
619:U.S. Senate elections
305:Elections in Colorado
296:Colorado Constitution
292:Colorado Amendment 43
3602:District of Columbia
3095:(2020, legalization)
3078:(2012, legalization)
3066:(2012, legalization)
3060:(2012, legalization)
2427:Fourteenth Amendment
3622:U.S. Virgin Islands
3064:Maryland Question 6
3017:Florida Amendment 2
2975:Virginia Question 1
2957:Texas Proposition 2
2553:Rocky Mountain News
1753:Treasurer elections
31:
2951:Kansas Amendment 1
2897:Ohio State Issue 1
2412:U.S. Supreme Court
323:Federal government
29:
3754:LGBTQ in Colorado
3731:
3730:
3707:
3706:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3212:
3211:
3117:
3116:
3093:Nevada Question 2
3011:Idaho Amendment 2
2580:
2579:
2446:Michael J. Norton
2398:
2397:
2363:
2362:
2348:Mayoral elections
2330:
2329:
2297:
2296:
2256:Mayoral elections
2237:
2236:
2182:Mayoral elections
2148:
2147:
1868:
1867:
1367:General elections
1349:
1348:
289:
288:
278:
277:
199:
198:
65:
64:
16:(Redirected from
3786:
3719:
3718:
3659:
3658:
3262:
3261:
3249:
3248:
3184:
3183:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3121:
3120:
3058:Maine Question 1
3035:Maine Question 1
2840:(1998, see note)
2813:
2806:
2799:
2790:
2789:
2783:
2778:
2772:
2767:
2761:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2721:
2715:
2714:
2712:
2710:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2667:
2661:
2660:
2640:
2634:
2633:
2626:
2620:
2615:
2508:Margin of Error
2482:
2481:
2390:
2383:
2376:
2345:
2344:
2312:
2311:
2252:
2251:
2163:
2162:
2158:Colorado Springs
1883:
1882:
1789:Senate elections
1364:
1363:
1359:State government
586:
547:
328:
327:
315:
314:
301:
300:
269:
263:
257:
244:
238:
232:
221:
217:
208:
207:
189:
134:
133:
112:
111:
92:
91:
70:
69:
58:November 7, 2006
52:
51:
46:
45:
41:
40:
39:
32:
28:
21:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3727:
3703:
3657:
3643:
3626:
3585:
3547:
3529:
3268:
3253:
3247:
3208:
3182:
3166:
3153:
3148:
3118:
3113:
3098:
3081:
3040:
2843:
2820:
2817:
2787:
2786:
2779:
2775:
2768:
2764:
2756:
2752:
2742:
2735:
2733:
2722:
2718:
2708:
2706:
2703:Denver Catholic
2695:
2691:
2684:
2668:
2664:
2657:
2641:
2637:
2628:
2627:
2623:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2585:
2480:
2467:
2454:
2435:
2403:
2394:
2365:
2364:
2342:
2332:
2331:
2315:Local elections
2309:
2299:
2298:
2249:
2239:
2238:
2166:Local elections
2160:
2150:
2149:
1880:
1878:Ballot measures
1870:
1869:
1361:
1351:
1350:
582:
543:
325:
312:
280:
279:
271:
267:
265:
261:
259:
255:
246:
242:
240:
236:
234:
230:
206:
205:
204:
187:
131:
109:
97:
81:
68:
67:
66:
44:
43:
42:
37:
35:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3792:
3782:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3725:
3712:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3665:
3663:
3656:
3655:
3649:
3647:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3628:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3597:American Samoa
3593:
3591:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3553:Circuit Courts
3549:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3539:
3537:
3535:Tribal nations
3531:
3530:
3528:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3475:South Carolina
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3440:North Carolina
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3276:
3274:
3259:
3246:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3222:
3220:
3214:
3213:
3210:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3190:
3188:
3181:
3180:
3174:
3172:
3171:General unions
3168:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3147:
3146:
3139:
3132:
3124:
3115:
3114:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3055:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3032:
3026:
3020:
3014:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2972:
2966:
2960:
2954:
2948:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2912:
2906:
2900:
2894:
2888:
2882:
2876:
2870:
2864:
2858:
2851:
2849:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2835:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2808:
2801:
2793:
2785:
2784:
2773:
2762:
2750:
2730:The Coloradoan
2716:
2689:
2682:
2662:
2655:
2635:
2621:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2584:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2566:
2563:
2558:
2555:
2549:
2548:September 2006
2545:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2525:
2522:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2509:
2506:
2503:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2489:
2486:
2479:
2476:
2466:
2463:
2453:
2450:
2434:
2431:
2417:Romer v. Evans
2402:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2370:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2350:
2349:
2343:
2338:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2325:
2317:
2316:
2310:
2307:El Paso County
2305:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2259:
2258:
2250:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2176:
2168:
2167:
2161:
2156:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2146:
2145:
2144:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2116:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2048:
2047:
2046:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1890:
1889:
1881:
1876:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1865:
1864:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1840:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1792:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1782:
1774:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1756:
1755:
1749:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1728:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1718:
1710:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1407:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1398:
1397:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1369:
1368:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1346:
1345:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1115:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
915:
914:
908:
907:
906:
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
705:
700:
695:
690:
685:
680:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
622:
621:
615:
614:
613:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
579:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
538:
537:
531:
530:
529:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
335:
334:
326:
321:
320:
317:
316:
308:
307:
287:
286:
282:
281:
276:
275:
266:
260:
254:
247:
241:
235:
229:
219:
218:
210:
209:
201:
200:
197:
196:
193:
190:
184:
183:
178:
173:
167:
166:
163:
160:
156:
155:
152:
149:
145:
144:
141:
138:
127:
126:
121:
116:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
88:
87:
83:
82:
75:
72:
71:
63:
62:
60:
55:
48:
47:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3791:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3741:
3739:
3724:
3723:
3714:
3713:
3710:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3660:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3641:
3637:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3590:Other regions
3588:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3543:Navajo Nation
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3515:West Virginia
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3420:New Hampshire
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3380:Massachusetts
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3267:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3250:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3219:
3215:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3191:
3189:
3185:
3179:
3176:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3152:
3145:
3140:
3138:
3133:
3131:
3126:
3125:
3122:
3111:
3107:
3101:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3084:
3077:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3059:
3056:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3043:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2916:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2895:
2892:
2889:
2886:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2827:
2823:
2814:
2809:
2807:
2802:
2800:
2795:
2794:
2791:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2766:
2759:
2754:
2746:
2731:
2727:
2720:
2704:
2700:
2693:
2685:
2683:9780226451039
2679:
2675:
2674:
2666:
2658:
2656:9781588520623
2652:
2648:
2647:
2639:
2631:
2625:
2619:
2614:
2610:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:Conducted by
2487:
2484:
2483:
2475:
2471:
2462:
2458:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2443:U.S. Attorney
2440:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2391:
2386:
2384:
2379:
2377:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2335:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2319:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2302:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2242:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1873:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1798:2013 (recall)
1796:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1772:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1354:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
918:
917:
916:
913:
910:
909:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
684:
681:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
625:
624:
623:
620:
617:
616:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
585:
581:
580:
577:
574:
572:
569:
567:
564:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
546:
542:
541:
540:
539:
536:
533:
532:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
338:
337:
336:
333:
330:
329:
324:
319:
318:
310:
309:
306:
303:
302:
299:
297:
293:
283:
274:
270: 50–60%
264: 60–70%
258: 70–80%
253:
252:
248:
245: 50–60%
239: 60–70%
233: 70–80%
228:
227:
223:
222:
216:
211:
202:
194:
191:
186:
185:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
168:
164:
161:
158:
157:
153:
150:
147:
146:
142:
139:
137:
129:
128:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
107:
106:
94:
93:
89:
84:
80:
79:
73:
61:
59:
56:
54:
53:
49:
33:
27:
19:
3720:
3640:Civil unions
3480:South Dakota
3470:Rhode Island
3465:Pennsylvania
3445:North Dakota
3252:By territory
3105:
2998:
2776:
2765:
2753:
2736:September 4,
2734:. Retrieved
2729:
2719:
2709:September 4,
2707:. Retrieved
2702:
2692:
2672:
2665:
2645:
2638:
2632:. CNN. 2007.
2624:
2613:
2560:
2551:POS (R) for
2527:
2472:
2468:
2459:
2455:
2436:
2415:
2404:
291:
290:
272:
250:
249:
225:
224:
180:
175:
170:
148:Valid votes
135:
123:
118:
113:
77:
76:
57:
30:Amendment 43
26:
3617:Puerto Rico
3395:Mississippi
3310:Connecticut
3054:(2012, ban)
3031:(2008, ban)
3025:(2008, ban)
3019:(2008, ban)
3013:(2006, ban)
3001:(2006, ban)
2989:(2006, ban)
2983:(2006, ban)
2977:(2006, ban)
2971:(2006, ban)
2959:(2005, ban)
2947:(2004, ban)
2941:(2004, ban)
2935:(2004, ban)
2929:(2004, ban)
2923:(2004, ban)
2917:(2004, ban)
2911:(2004, ban)
2905:(2004, ban)
2899:(2004, ban)
2893:(2004, ban)
2887:(2004, ban)
2881:(2004, ban)
2875:(2004, ban)
2863:(2000, ban)
2857:(2000, ban)
2834:(1998, ban)
2594:Civil union
2520:Denver Post
2492:Sample size
2439:Jane Norton
171:Total votes
3738:Categories
3694:Washington
3669:California
3510:Washington
3430:New Mexico
3425:New Jersey
3300:California
2605:References
2524:625 voters
2502:Undecided
2401:Background
584:Republican
545:Democratic
192:2,533,058
151:1,554,236
3699:Wisconsin
3520:Wisconsin
3485:Tennessee
3390:Minnesota
3365:Louisiana
2496:In favor
176:1,586,105
3722:Category
3662:By state
3505:Virginia
3455:Oklahoma
3435:New York
3410:Nebraska
3400:Missouri
3385:Michigan
3375:Maryland
3360:Kentucky
3340:Illinois
3315:Delaware
3305:Colorado
3295:Arkansas
3231:timeline
3218:Marriage
3187:By state
3106:De facto
2589:Marriage
2583:See also
2499:Against
2465:Campaign
2433:Drafting
2414:held in
285:Source:
140:699,030
3571:Seventh
3525:Wyoming
3500:Vermont
3405:Montana
3345:Indiana
3325:Georgia
3320:Florida
3290:Arizona
3280:Alabama
2511:Source
2505:Margin
2452:Content
2425:of the
2356:2023–24
2195:1997 sp
758:1942 sp
738:1932 sp
718:1924 sp
693:1913 sp
638:1883 sp
181:100.00%
162:31,869
154:97.99%
143:44.98%
119:855,206
86:Results
3689:Oregon
3674:Hawaii
3561:Fourth
3460:Oregon
3415:Nevada
3355:Kansas
3330:Hawaii
3285:Alaska
3007:(2006)
2965:(2006)
2953:(2005)
2680:
2653:
2340:Pueblo
2247:Denver
1340:4th sp
1228:6th sp
1123:1st sp
1106:4th sp
1096:3rd sp
1054:1st sp
273:
268:
262:
256:
243:
237:
231:
195:62.6%
165:2.01%
124:55.02%
100:Votes
96:Choice
3679:Maine
3581:Tenth
3576:Ninth
3566:Sixth
3490:Texas
3370:Maine
3335:Idaho
3266:State
3086:2020s
3045:2010s
2848:2000s
2825:1990s
2125:2024
2110:2023
2090:2022
2060:2020
2050:2018
2040:2012
2030:2010
1970:2008
1905:2006
1895:2004
1224:1983
1102:1941
1050:1927
3684:Ohio
3607:Guam
3495:Utah
3450:Ohio
3350:Iowa
3271:laws
3256:laws
2738:2019
2711:2019
2678:ISBN
2651:ISBN
2516:2006
2323:2018
2290:2023
2285:2019
2280:2015
2275:2011
2270:2007
2265:2003
2230:2023
2225:2019
2220:2015
2215:2011
2210:2007
2205:2003
2200:1999
2190:1995
2174:2019
1861:2024
1856:2022
1851:2020
1846:2018
1828:2024
1823:2022
1818:2020
1813:2018
1808:2016
1803:2014
1780:2016
1762:2022
1744:2022
1739:2018
1734:2014
1716:2022
1698:2026
1693:2022
1688:2018
1683:2014
1678:2010
1673:2006
1668:2002
1663:1998
1658:1994
1653:1990
1648:1986
1643:1982
1638:1978
1633:1974
1628:1970
1623:1966
1618:1962
1613:1958
1608:1956
1603:1954
1598:1952
1593:1950
1588:1948
1583:1946
1578:1944
1573:1942
1568:1940
1563:1938
1558:1936
1553:1934
1548:1932
1543:1930
1538:1928
1533:1926
1528:1924
1523:1922
1518:1920
1513:1918
1508:1916
1503:1914
1498:1912
1493:1910
1488:1908
1483:1906
1478:1904
1473:1902
1468:1900
1463:1898
1458:1896
1453:1894
1448:1890
1443:1888
1438:1886
1433:1884
1428:1882
1423:1880
1418:1878
1413:1876
1395:2022
1390:2020
1385:2018
1380:2014
1375:2010
1335:2024
1330:2022
1325:2020
1320:2018
1315:2016
1310:2014
1305:2012
1300:2010
1295:2008
1290:2006
1285:2004
1280:2002
1275:2000
1270:1998
1265:1996
1260:1994
1255:1992
1250:1990
1245:1988
1240:1986
1235:1984
1220:1982
1215:1980
1210:1978
1205:1976
1200:1974
1195:1972
1190:1970
1185:1968
1180:1966
1175:1964
1170:1962
1165:1960
1160:1958
1155:1956
1150:1954
1145:1952
1140:1950
1135:1948
1130:1946
1118:1944
1113:1942
1091:1940
1086:1938
1081:1936
1076:1934
1071:1932
1066:1930
1061:1928
1046:1926
1041:1924
1036:1922
1031:1920
1026:1918
1021:1916
1016:1914
1011:1912
1006:1910
1001:1908
996:1906
991:1904
986:1902
981:1900
976:1898
971:1896
966:1894
961:1892
956:1890
951:1888
946:1886
941:1884
936:1882
931:1880
926:1878
921:1876
903:2028
898:2026
893:2022
888:2020
883:2016
878:2014
873:2010
868:2008
863:2004
858:2002
853:1998
848:1996
843:1992
838:1990
833:1986
828:1984
823:1980
818:1978
813:1974
808:1972
803:1968
798:1966
793:1962
788:1960
783:1956
778:1954
773:1950
768:1948
763:1944
753:1942
748:1938
743:1936
733:1932
728:1930
723:1926
713:1924
708:1920
703:1918
698:1914
688:1913
683:1909
678:1907
673:1903
668:1901
663:1897
658:1895
653:1891
648:1889
643:1885
633:1879
628:1876
610:2024
605:2020
600:2016
595:2012
590:2008
576:2024
571:2020
566:2016
561:2012
556:2008
551:2000
526:2024
521:2020
516:2016
511:2012
506:2008
501:2004
496:2000
491:1996
486:1992
481:1988
476:1984
471:1980
466:1976
461:1972
456:1968
451:1964
446:1960
441:1956
436:1952
431:1948
426:1944
421:1940
416:1936
411:1932
406:1928
401:1924
396:1920
391:1916
386:1912
381:1908
376:1904
371:1900
366:1896
361:1892
356:1888
351:1884
346:1880
341:1876
3642:and
2561:58%
2532:43%
2528:51%
2139:131
2099:126
2094:125
2084:114
2079:113
226:Yes
114:Yes
3740::
3104::
2728:.
2701:.
2429:.
2129:79
2119:II
2114:HH
2104:FF
2074:EE
2044:64
2034:62
2019:59
2014:58
2009:54
2004:52
1999:51
1994:50
1989:49
1984:48
1979:47
1974:46
1929:44
1924:43
1919:42
1914:41
1909:38
1899:36
251:No
136:No
103:%
3273:)
3269:(
3258:)
3254:(
3143:e
3136:t
3129:v
3112:.
2812:e
2805:t
2798:v
2740:.
2713:.
2686:.
2659:.
2574:?
2571:?
2568:?
2565:?
2557:?
2541:?
2538:?
2535:?
2389:e
2382:t
2375:v
2134:J
2069:C
2064:B
2054:A
2024:L
1964:K
1959:J
1954:I
1949:H
1944:G
1939:F
1934:E
20:)
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