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From its early days as a fledgling colony to its emergence as a key player in the formation of modern
Australia, Victoria's journey is a testament to the resilience, ingenuity, and spirit of its people. Today, it stands as a dynamic and progressive state, honouring its past while looking forward to a
483:
Victoria's economy flourished due to the gold rush, which not only attracted miners but also spurred the growth of ancillary industries. Banking, transportation, and manufacturing sectors experienced rapid expansion. The establishment of railways and telegraph lines connected remote mining areas with
507:
The diverse influx of immigrants during the gold rush era left a lasting impact on
Victoria's social fabric. The multicultural population contributed to a rich tapestry of cultural practices, cuisines, and traditions. Despite initial tensions and racial discrimination, particularly against Chinese
474:
of 1854, a miners' uprising against oppressive mining licenses and lack of representation, played a critical role in shaping
Victoria's political landscape. The revolt, though swiftly quashed, led to important political reforms, including the abolition of the mining license and the introduction of
559:
The legacy of the Colony of
Victoria is evident in its vibrant cities, diverse population, and robust economy. Modern Victoria, now a state within the Commonwealth of Australia, continues to be a leading cultural and economic powerhouse. Its rich history, marked by periods of rapid growth, social
546:
The successful referendum in 1899 led to the establishment of the
Commonwealth of Australia on January 1, 1901. Victoria, as one of the founding states, contributed significantly to shaping the newly formed nation. Melbourne served as the temporary federal capital until
102:
101:
498:
and the Murray River region became prime areas for sheep farming and crop cultivation. The colony's agricultural output not only met local demands but also contributed to exports, further boosting economic growth.
442:
attracted tens of thousands of immigrants from around the globe, including a significant influx of
Chinese miners. This rapid population growth catalysed the development of infrastructure, towns, and cities.
531:
By the late 19th century, the idea of unifying the
Australian colonies into a single federation gained momentum. Victoria played a pivotal role in the federation movement. Prominent Victorians like
418:. This separation was fuelled by a combination of economic, political, and social factors, with a burgeoning population and a desire for local governance playing crucial roles. The discovery of
2593:
460:
2404:
463:
further solidified its political framework, granting it responsible government. This meant that the colony's executive government was accountable to an elected
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809:
1263:
397:
that existed from 1851 until 1901, when it federated with other colonies to form the
Commonwealth of Australia. Situated in the southeastern corner of the
2640:
1977:
2571:
Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of
Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
2136:
2660:
2564:
2547:
2425:
2016:
1706:
1700:
802:
2655:
1762:
447:, the colony's capital, quickly evolved into a thriving metropolis, known for its grand architecture and cultural institutions.
1610:
1971:
795:
673:
515:, established in 1853, became a centre for higher learning. Cultural institutions like the Melbourne Public Library (now the
2309:
1919:
1145:
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1031:
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1967:
59:
2129:
1322:
757:
732:
707:
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632:
607:
2002:
1989:
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65:
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1949:
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in the region accelerated its development, transforming
Victoria into a vibrant hub of activity and prosperity.
45:
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2040:
1654:
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1365:
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1837:
1278:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
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776:
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1496:
1472:
1466:
823:
520:
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2539:
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1055:
495:
491:
2277:
2054:
2028:
1925:
1694:
2568:; Ascension Island (1922β) and Tristan da Cunha (1938β) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.
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2167:
1889:
1600:
1275:
1245:
1003:
540:
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328:
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2100:
2047:
1955:
1913:
1877:
1831:
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51:
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1931:
1883:
1825:
1534:
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523:, founded in the 1850s, showcased the colony's commitment to intellectual and artistic pursuits.
512:
278:
2080:
2061:
1937:
1901:
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224:
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The Colony of Victoria, established in 1851, was carved out of the southeastern part of the
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1943:
1907:
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171:
29:
8:
2009:
1812:
1719:
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1554:
1542:
1522:
1510:
1422:
1213:
1125:
573:
439:
401:, Victoria played a significant role in the country's colonial history and development.
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1983:
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Victoria's journey towards self-governance began with the establishment of its own
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change, and political development, remains a source of pride for its residents.
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219:
1871:
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major cities, facilitating the efficient movement of people and goods.
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725:
A History of Australia, Volume 4: The Earth Abideth Forever, 1851-1888
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miners, over time, Victoria evolved into a more inclusive society.
431:
600:
A History of the Port Phillip District: Victoria Before Separation
2354:
1687:
1647:
1240:
997:
956:
435:
2364:
1739:
1504:
1282:
884:
750:
The Golden Age: A History of the Colony of Victoria, 1851-1861
1865:
1587:
1059:
1416:
438:
marked a pivotal moment in Victoria's history. The ensuing
419:
650:
The Rush That Never Ended: A History of Australian Mining
625:
Lucky City: The First Generation at Ballarat: 1851-1901
475:
the miner's right, which granted miners voting rights.
2470:
1603:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the
450:
467:, a significant step towards democratic self-rule.
2632:
511:Education and culture thrived in Victoria. The
2646:States and territories disestablished in 1901
2130:
803:
554:
2565:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
2548:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
2426:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
777:The Separation of Victoria β A Brief History
393:was a historical administrative division in
2641:States and territories established in 1851
2137:
2123:
810:
796:
75:
1609:Legitimacy of territorial establishment
747:
539:were key figures in the drafting of the
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647:
478:
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2594:Historical flags of the British Empire
2578:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985
697:
2469:
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2118:
1627:
1299:
974:
867:
791:
622:
597:
425:
2661:1901 disestablishments in Australia
2405:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands
1248:. British Cameroons is now part of
430:The discovery of gold in 1851 near
267:β’ Responsible self-government
13:
1264:unilaterally declared independence
959:1708β1757, 1763β1782 and 1798β1802
490:also played a significant role in
451:Governance and political evolution
14:
2672:
2471:Antarctica and the South Atlantic
2450:Occupied by Argentina during the
2382:
1628:
770:
2656:1851 establishments in Australia
2614:
2605:
2604:
2017:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
782:Colony of Victoria (1851 - 1901)
579:History of Australia (1851β1900)
409:
346:
321:
99:
58:
44:
502:
461:Victorian Constitution Act 1855
2513:Australian Antarctic Territory
1369:since 1965 (before as part of
1366:British Indian Ocean Territory
1252:, while Tanganyika is part of
883:since 1960 (before as part of
752:. Melbourne University Press.
741:
727:. Melbourne University Press.
716:
702:. Melbourne University Press.
691:
666:
652:. Melbourne University Press.
641:
627:. Melbourne University Press.
616:
602:. Melbourne University Press.
591:
1:
584:
526:
254:β’ independence from the
824:British Overseas Territories
521:National Gallery of Victoria
7:
2540:British Antarctic Territory
2250:Western Pacific Territories
2144:
567:
494:. The fertile lands of the
10:
2677:
2278:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
1695:British Arctic Territories
975:
868:
648:Blainey, Geoffrey (1963).
555:Legacy and modern Victoria
404:
16:British colony (1851β1901)
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2558:
2518:Commonwealth of Australia
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2465:
2436:
2388:
2377:
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2150:
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1920:Newfoundland and Labrador
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1601:League of Nations mandate
1582:
1306:
1295:
1276:Lancaster House Agreement
1246:League of Nations mandate
1235:
981:
970:
874:
863:
830:
551:was established in 1927.
517:State Library of Victoria
416:Colony of New South Wales
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329:Colony of New South Wales
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256:Colony of New South Wales
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81:Map of the colony in 1876
74:
40:
35:
28:
23:
2048:Turks and Caicos Islands
1355:(protectorate) 1907β1949
1300:
927:(integrated into the UK)
748:Geoffrey, Serle (1963).
698:Cannon, Michael (1966).
674:"Eureka Stockade | Ergo"
2331:1919β1942 and 1945β1968
2156:18th and 19th centuries
1972:Queen Charlotte Islands
1932:North-Western Territory
1904:1665β1674 and 1702β1776
1507:1781β1784 and 1795β1819
1172:1923β1965 and 1979β1980
855:Commonwealth of Nations
723:Manning, Clark (1978).
541:Australian Constitution
513:University of Melbourne
279:Federation of Australia
2081:West Indies Federation
1270:) and continued as an
853:Current member of the
225:Parliament of Victoria
2003:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1274:state until the 1979
880:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
784:at Find & Connect
623:Bate, Weston (1978).
598:Shaw, A.G.L. (1996).
135:Self-governing colony
2531:Realm of New Zealand
2529:(transferred to the
2516:(transferred to the
2349:Realm of New Zealand
1950:Prince Edward Island
1828:1671β1816, 1833β1960
479:Economic development
399:Australian continent
30:British Crown Colony
2562:Since 2009 part of
2454:of AprilβJune 1982.
2041:Trinidad and Tobago
1655:Antigua and Barbuda
1555:Straits Settlements
678:ergo.slv.vic.gov.au
574:History of Victoria
564:prosperous future.
244:β’ Established
2651:Colony of Victoria
1714:Cape Breton Island
1605:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
1447:Unfederated States
1262:Southern Rhodesia
849:Commonwealth realm
492:Victoria's economy
391:Colony of Victoria
95:God Save the Queen
24:Colony of Victoria
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2393:Providence Island
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2338:
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2206:Western Australia
2174:Van Diemen's Land
2110:
2109:
2087:Associated States
1785:Columbia District
1619:
1618:
1473:Manila and Cavite
1291:
1290:
1170:Southern Rhodesia
1164:South-West Africa
1114:Northern Rhodesia
1026:Cape of Good Hope
966:
965:
843:Current territory
537:Sir Edmund Barton
426:The Gold Rush era
387:
386:
358:
357:
354:
353:
334:
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199:β’ 1895β1900
186:β’ 1851β1854
156:β’ 1851β1901
130: β’ Type
104:
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2618:
2608:
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2573:Antarctic Treaty
2534:
2521:
2506:Falkland Islands
2498:Tristan da Cunha
2490:Ascension Island
2467:
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2418:Falkland Islands
2379:
2378:
2347:Now part of the
2219:Pitcairn Islands
2184:Auckland Islands
2153:
2152:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2116:
2115:
2101:Windward Islands
2055:Vancouver Island
1832:MassachusettsBay
1701:British Columbia
1625:
1624:
1441:Federated States
1297:
1296:
1207:Tristan da Cunha
1176:Southern Nigeria
1108:Northern Nigeria
987:Ascension Island
972:
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928:
865:
864:
839:Former territory
836:
812:
805:
798:
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720:
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700:The Land Boomers
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472:Eureka Rebellion
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271:23 November 1855
191:Charles La Trobe
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52:Flag (1877β1901)
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2285:Solomon Islands
2232:North Australia
2212:South Australia
2168:New South Wales
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1826:Leeward Islands
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1485:Muscat and Oman
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2029:South Carolina
2026:
2020:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1993:
1987:
1981:
1975:
1965:
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1941:
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1926:North Carolina
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1911:
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1860:Mosquito Coast
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1260:Self-governing
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1032:Central Africa
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917:Ionian Islands
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771:External links
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2452:Falklands War
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1984:Rupert's Land
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1944:Paulet affair
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1890:New Hampshire
1888:
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1878:New Brunswick
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1629:North America
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1549:South Vietnam
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533:Alfred Deakin
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459:in 1851. The
458:
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410:Establishment
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363:Today part of
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34:
31:
27:
22:
19:
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2504:
2496:
2488:
2482:Saint Helena
2480:
2424:
2416:
2266:Cook Islands
2237:
2217:
2190:New Hebrides
2159:20th century
2075:West Florida
2060:
2046:
1978:Rhode Island
1956:Pennsylvania
1914:Newfoundland
1851:
1776:
1726:East Florida
1697:16th c.β1880
1686:
1638:
1535:Crown Colony
1523:Pulo Condore
1497:Crown Colony
1491:North Borneo
1364:
1323:Protectorate
1272:unrecognised
1266:in 1965 (as
1205:
1158:South Africa
1146:Sierra Leone
1133:Saint Helena
1131:
1126:Orange River
1004:Bechuanaland
985:
943:Protectorate
902:
878:
842:
822:and Current
749:
743:
724:
718:
699:
693:
681:. Retrieved
677:
668:
649:
643:
624:
618:
599:
593:
562:
558:
545:
530:
510:
506:
503:Demographics
486:
482:
469:
454:
429:
413:
390:
388:
375:
311:Succeeded by
310:
305:
66:Coat of arms
18:
2599:Anglosphere
2317:New Zealand
2226:New Zealand
2095:West Jersey
2010:Saint Lucia
1996:Saint Kitts
1990:Saint Croix
1970:1763β1791*
1938:Nova Scotia
1884:New England
1840:, 1691β1776
1807:East Jersey
1795:Connecticut
1674:Bay Islands
1561:Transjordan
1479:Mesopotamia
1317:Afghanistan
1311:Aden Colony
1096:Niger Coast
1062:) 1874β1957
1038:East Africa
1020:Cape Colony
1010:) 1884β1966
1000:) 1868β1966
488:Agriculture
457:legislature
306:Preceded by
261:1 July 1851
248:1 July 1851
220:Legislature
2635:Categories
2551:since 1908
2543:since 1908
2509:since 1833
2501:since 1816
2493:since 1815
2485:since 1658
2442:department
2429:since 1908
2421:since 1833
2222:since 1838
2202:Swan River
2196:Queensland
2083:1958β1962
2065:since 1666
2051:since 1799
1902:New Jersey
1872:New Albion
1856:since 1632
1853:Montserrat
1834:1629β1691
1781:since 1670
1703:1858β1866
1691:since 1619
1643:since 1650
1596:Bangladesh
1531:1841β1946
1493:1882β1963
1459:Federation
1437:1819β1826
1375:Seychelles
1319:1839β1842
1210:since 1816
1194:Tanganyika
1152:Somaliland
1140:Seychelles
1136:since 1658
1056:Gold Coast
1050:The Gambia
994:Basutoland
990:since 1815
932:Free State
925:1542β1800
911:Heligoland
907:since 1713
585:References
527:Federation
519:) and the
465:parliament
122:Government
2535:1841β1947
2522:1841β1933
2413:1831β1966
2407:1670β1688
2401:1651β1667
2395:1631β1641
2325:1914β1962
2319:1907β1947
2312:1901β1942
2310:Australia
2305:1900β1974
2299:1900β1970
2287:1893β1978
2280:1892β1979
2274:1889β1948
2268:1888β1901
2262:Rarotonga
2258:1884β1902
2252:1877β1976
2246:1874β1970
2240:1851β1901
2234:1846β1847
2228:1841β1907
2214:1836β1901
2208:1829β1901
2198:1824β1901
2192:1824β1980
2186:1807β1863
2180:1803β1901
2170:1788β1901
2103:1833β1960
2097:1674β1702
2089:1967β1983
2077:1763β1783
2071:1607β1776
2057:1849β1866
2043:1889β1962
2037:1862β1863
2031:1712β1776
2025:1635β1644
2019:1627β1979
2012:1605β1979
2005:1882β1983
1998:1623β1983
1992:1625β1650
1986:1670β1870
1980:1636β1776
1974:1853β1863
1964:1620β1691
1958:1681β1776
1952:1763β1873
1940:1713β1867
1934:1859β1870
1928:1712β1776
1922:1583β1907
1916:1907β1949
1910:1664β1776
1898:1637β1662
1896:New Haven
1892:1680β1776
1886:1686β1689
1880:1784β1867
1868:1628β1983
1862:1655β1860
1848:1632β1776
1822:1655β1962
1815:1733β1776
1809:1674β1702
1803:1701β1776
1797:1636β1776
1791:1818β1846
1773:1663β1712
1765:1867β1931
1759:1841β1867
1753:1791β1841
1747:1791β1841
1735:1762β1974
1728:1763β1783
1722:1763β1978
1716:1754β1820
1707:1866β1871
1683:1871β1981
1676:1643β1860
1670:1624β1966
1664:1670β1973
1657:1860β1981
1650:1632β1860
1575:1898β1930
1569:1892β1971
1563:1921β1946
1557:1826β1946
1551:1945β1946
1545:1946β1963
1543:Singapore
1537:1946β1963
1525:1702β1705
1519:1786β1946
1513:1923β1948
1511:Palestine
1499:1946β1963
1487:1891β1971
1481:1920β1932
1475:1762β1764
1469:1796β1965
1461:1948β1957
1455:1946β1948
1449:1885β1946
1443:1895β1946
1431:1848β1946
1425:1918β1961
1419:1811β1816
1413:1858β1947
1407:1841β1997
1405:Hong Kong
1401:1878β1960
1395:1795β1948
1389:1888β1984
1383:1824β1948
1371:Mauritius
1361:1874β1963
1349:1757β1947
1343:1812β1824
1333:1685β1824
1331:Bencoolen
1325:1879β1919
1313:1839β1967
1228:1887β1897
1222:1890β1963
1216:1890β1962
1202:1900β1910
1200:Transvaal
1196:1922β1961
1190:1899β1956
1184:1893β1968
1182:Swaziland
1178:1900β1914
1166:1915β1931
1160:1910β1931
1154:1884β1960
1148:1792β1961
1142:1903β1976
1128:1900β1910
1122:1891β1964
1120:Nyasaland
1116:1924β1964
1110:1900β1914
1104:1914β1960
1098:1884β1900
1092:1856β1910
1086:1810β1968
1084:Mauritius
1080:1807β1808
1074:1862β1906
1068:1920β1963
1052:1816β1965
1046:1882β1922
1040:1895β1920
1034:1891β1907
1028:1806β1910
1022:1795β1803
1016:1919β1961
1014:Cameroons
951:1813β1964
945:1800β1813
934:1921β1931
919:1809β1864
913:1807β1890
904:Gibraltar
899:1878β1960
893:1794β1796
847:*Current
445:Melbourne
440:gold rush
395:Australia
370:Australia
116:Melbourne
36:1851β1901
2610:Category
2446:Colombia
2361:Kiribati
2238:Victoria
2178:Tasmania
2069:Virginia
2035:Stickeen
2023:Saybrook
1962:Plymouth
1908:New York
1846:Maryland
1838:Province
1801:Delaware
1771:Carolina
1763:Dominion
1757:Province
1720:Dominica
1668:Barbados
1640:Anguilla
1611:disputed
1592:Pakistan
1467:Maldives
1341:Billiton
1268:Rhodesia
1254:Tanzania
1250:Cameroon
1226:Zululand
1220:Zanzibar
1008:Botswana
568:See also
549:Canberra
432:Ballarat
379:Victoria
172:Governor
161:Victoria
2601:culture
2355:Vanuatu
2145:Oceania
1820:Jamaica
1813:Georgia
1733:Grenada
1688:Bermuda
1662:Bahamas
1648:Antigua
1529:Sarawak
1241:Namibia
1102:Nigeria
1078:Madeira
998:Lesotho
957:Minorca
923:Ireland
891:Corsica
818:Former
436:Bendigo
405:History
277:β’
231:History
193:(first)
142:Monarch
112:Capital
2620:Portal
2440:Now a
2411:Guiana
2365:Tuvalu
1968:Quebec
1740:Canada
1681:Belize
1573:Weihai
1517:Penang
1505:Padang
1435:Malaya
1429:Labuan
1423:Kuwait
1399:Cyprus
1393:Ceylon
1387:Brunei
1359:Borneo
1353:Bhutan
1347:Bengal
1283:Zambia
1214:Uganda
976:Africa
949:Colony
939:Malta
897:Cyprus
885:Cyprus
869:Europe
835:Legend
756:
731:
706:
683:6 June
656:
631:
606:
374:
234:
206:(last)
176:
146:
87:Anthem
2363:and *
2329:Nauru
2323:Samoa
2297:Tonga
2256:Papua
1866:Nevis
1751:Upper
1745:Lower
1588:India
1453:Union
1411:India
1381:Burma
1337:Banka
1188:Sudan
1090:Natal
1072:Lagos
1066:Kenya
1060:Ghana
1044:Egypt
2359:Now
2353:Now
2303:Niue
2244:Fiji
1946:1843
1874:1579
1594:and
1586:Now
1417:Java
1373:and
1339:and
1301:Asia
1281:Now
1239:Now
754:ISBN
729:ISBN
704:ISBN
685:2024
654:ISBN
629:ISBN
604:ISBN
535:and
470:The
434:and
420:gold
389:The
2444:of
2637::
1590:,
676:.
543:.
97:"
2575:.
2533:)
2520:)
2315:*
2308:*
2283:*
2264:/
2204:/
2176:/
2138:e
2131:t
2124:v
2015:*
2008:*
2001:*
1818:*
1787:/
1738:*
1731:*
1679:*
1660:*
1653:*
1646:*
1377:)
1256:.
1058:(
1006:(
996:(
887:)
811:e
804:t
797:v
762:.
737:.
712:.
687:.
662:.
637:.
612:.
376:β
93:"
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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