Geography of Aruba

341: 1635: 1683: 311: 371: 325: 1644: 4315: 541: 359: 3839: 299: 1559:, and distribution of single-use plastic products and Oxybenzone-containing products. Scientific studies have shown that Oxybenzone negatively impacts corals and marine biodiversity, and its presence in concentrated areas irreversibly affects coral conditions. The law's main objective is to prevent further damage to nature and the environment, promoting a healthier quality of life without single-use plastics and Oxybenzone-containing products. 403:, which translates to "mouth" in English. The marine terraces of Aruba are most prominent on their windward, or northeast, coasts. In these areas, some of the terraces exhibit wide platforms and steep, angular backslopes. Conversely, on the leeward, or southwest, sides of the islands, the terraces tend to have narrower platforms and gentler backslopes. On occasion, particularly on the southwest side of Aruba, the backslopes are less distinct. 714: 2223: 37: 1607: 3702: 1854: 2250:, St. Regis Hotel, Embassy Suites, Hyatt Place Hotel, Radisson Blu Hotel, and boutique hotels in Port City, Oranjestad. Turning to the untouched east coast of the island, plans include the Secrets Aruba all-inclusive hotel with 600 rooms and a second hotel with 300 rooms. Additionally, there are two boutique hotels in the pipeline, each featuring 40 rooms. 150:, has been shaped by a complex interplay of geological processes. From its flat expanses to its rugged coastlines, Aruba's geography and geology reveal the island's geographical diversity and its underlying geological formations, offering a comprehensive understanding of Aruba's terrain and environmental dynamics of this Caribbean destination. 1952:

23.4%. Additionally, the Census indicates that 18.9% of the population reported Papiamento and Spanish as the two primary languages spoken in their households. In the regions Noord/Tanki Leendert and Oranjestad East, one in four persons speaks Papiamento and Spanish in the household, while San Nicolas North has the lowest percentage at 8.9%.

3454: 1626:, offer hiding places for small fish, and serve as nesting material for shorebirds. As shells break down, they release essential nutrients for organisms in the sand and those forming their own shells. The ocean supports delicate ecosystems, and any disruption can have devastating consequences. Each shell has a unique ecological role. 632:) preys on these toads and is considered a natural "pest control". Toads favor damp environments, including (irrigated) gardens of residential homes and tourist accommodations, such as hotels and resorts. However, toads are true survivors and can easily adapt to drier conditions, as found in the arid climate of the Caribbean islands. 418:, it generally lies about 400 yards (370 m) offshore and extends along the southwest coast between Punta Brabo and Oranjestad. It is composed of coral and is capped by a beach ridge of coral fragments 2 to 10 feet (0.61 to 3.05 m) in height. On the seaward side, the reef extends to a depth of at least 150 feet (46 m). 1964:

their household. Conversely, in Paradera, the percentage of the population indicating that Papiamento is not one of the two most spoken languages in their household is the lowest at 11.6%. In total, in Paradera, 85.2% of the population speaks Papiamento at home, either exclusively or in combination with another language.

1363:). Aruba, recognized worldwide as the 'One Happy Island' and one of the most tourism-dependent small island economies, it offers valuable insights into the complex and ever-changing aspects of over-tourism, including the rise in economic inequality, environmental decline, social disparities, institutional issues. 3536: 1873:, with a population of 28,372 (2020). Starting from the 1960s, Aruba's population grew significantly because of two main factors: the arrival of workers for the oil refining industry and later, the tourism industry. It's estimated that at least 45% of the population in Aruba was born in another country. 1390:, and the head of the development group, Enrique Martinón Garcia, acknowledged potential negative impacts during the hotel's groundbreaking event. This incident underscores concerns about the transparency and accuracy of information related to environmental policies and its communication to the public. 1955:

Census data also reveals that 9.4% of the population indicated that Papiamento and English were the two mostly spoken languages in the household. San Nicolas South and San Nicolas North are the 2 regions with the highest percentages of the population that speak Papiamento and English in the household

1951:

According to the 2020 Census, 43.2% of Aruba's total population exclusively speaks Papiamento in their households. Among Aruba's 8 regions, 5 have over 50% of the population using only Papiamento at home, with Oranjestad East having the highest percentage at 56.6%, and San Nicolas South the lowest at

536:

pose a significant threat to Aruba's environments, causing both direct and indirect harm due to excessive grazing. This often leads to ecosystem deterioration and a decline in biodiversity. Despite their impact, these animals remain a local food source, with goat stew and soup being popular dishes in

1838:

Over-tourism is a complicated issue, but it essentially boils down to a lack of responsible tourism management and policies by both public and private entities. This problem is exacerbated by the exclusion of local communities and civic society from important tourism decisions and developments. As a

1614:

Recent increases in the confiscation of these items have raised concerns that local residents may be involved in illegal sales to tourists. Instead of collecting these items, it's advisable to take a picture as a souvenir, as the removal of seashells can have a significant impact on the environment.

1963:

Finally, the results of the 2020 Census revealed that in 18.6% of Aruba's households, Papiamento is not one of the two most spoken languages. At a regional level, nearly one third of the population in San Nicolas South (30.6%) indicated that Papiamento is not one of the two most spoken languages in

2238:

The designated tourism zone, established in the late 1980s, covers about 16% of the island's total land area. Currently, there are around 14,000 accommodation units, including hotels, timeshares, condominiums, villas, guesthouses, and rental apartments. Accommodation growth was primarily driven by

406:

The distinctive appearance of the wave-cut terraces is influenced by the islands' location within the arid region along the southern Caribbean coastline. Limestone, known for its resistance to the effects of arid climate weathering, has contributed to the remarkable preservation of these terraces.

595:

was discovered in Aruba. Despite attempts to control their growth, a population covering the entire island had taken hold by 2005. Being an invasive species, their adaptable diet can potentially endanger many native populations. A 2021 study examined the stomach contents of more than 500 captured

1737:

refinery has enabled the recovery of flora and fauna, while reducing light pollution, making the night sky brighter. However, the preservation of ecosystems faces increasing challenges with the expansion of the tourism zone and the construction of a new hotel in the southeast part of the island,

2234:

are concentrated along the northwest coastline, with approximately 860 rooms per square kilometer. This represents a significant 103% growth in less than two decades. While Aruba is a small island, there were relatively few large-scale tourism activities and infrastructure developments in other

253:

is around 2% of the total land area, equivalent to 420 hectares (ha) of forest in 2020, which was unchanged from 1990. In 2020, naturally regenerating forest covered 420 hectares (ha) and planted forest covered 0 hectares (ha). Of the naturally regenerating forest 0% was reported to be

1959:

Additionally, the Census shows that 6.8% of Aruba's population speaks Papiamento and Dutch in their households. In all 8 regions, the percentage of the population that speaks these two languages at home is below 10%, with San Nicolas North having the lowest percentage at 1.5%.

596:

Aruban boas. The findings revealed over 400 distinct prey types, with an almost equal distribution among mammals, lizards, and birds. Remarkably, aside from the seven known bat species in Aruba, nearly every other type of vertebrate was found in the stomach contents analyzed.

1358:

Environmental problems such as beach erosion, reef destruction, pollution, resource depletion, habitat loss, and the loss of natural beauty are significant forms of environmental damage. These issues can severely affect the small island tourism economy (SITES or

743:) characterized by consistently warm temperatures throughout the year. There have been lasting environmental challenges linked to climate and nature. Sea water temperatures, for example, have gradually risen by at least 1.3 °C (2.3 °F) since the 1950s. 224:

volcanic rocks of the Aruba Lava Formation (ALF), and it features east-to-west running valleys controlled by faults. The ALF cover an area of approximately 23.7 square kilometres (9.2 sq mi). The southeastern part of Aruba is predominantly defined by

666:

species are often unintentionally introduced to Caribbean islands through the live plant trade, but can also be intentionally introduced as pets. Similar to many non-native lizards in the Caribbean, these species often inhabit human-altered environments

763:

years like 1933/1934, 1970/1971, 1988/1989, 1999/2000 or 2010/2011, rainfall can soar to as much as 1,000 millimetres or 39 inches. The highest monthly totals during these La Niña events can reach between 350 and 400 millimetres (14 and 16 in).

492:

The limestone terraces are categorized based on their elevation, a feature commonly associated with slow uplifting active margins. The lower terrace, situated at an elevation of 5–10 metres (16–33 ft), has a range age of 30–129 thousand years

1366:

An illustration of institutional challenges arises from the scrutiny faced by the Aruban Ministry responsible for environmental affairs. Their involvement in disseminating misleading information about the environmental repercussions of an upcoming

1354:

can be traced back to the 1970s and 1980s when people first expressed concerns about the possible negative effects on society and the environment due to uncontrolled tourism growth. These concerns also included the long-term economic consequences.

2239:

hotels and timeshares until the early 2000s. However, in the last decade, the construction of condominiums, guesthouses, and rental apartments has increased by 51%, adding to existing infrastructural pressures and coastal resort density levels.

1827:

of a tourism industry. This emphasis has overshadowed social rights and responsibilities, effectively diminishing the role of government and civic organizations in governing for the overall well-being of society, both in the present and for the

1526:

products is banned due to its harmful effects on marine life and coral reefs when it enters the ocean. This ban is part of the "Choose Zero" concept law aimed at educating the community about the ban. Oxybenzone is commonly used in sunscreen,

1562:

Even though regional zoning and marine conservation plans were put in place in 2019, Aruba's natural habitats and marine environment have been without protection for over a century. This lack of protection dates back to the days of phosphate

285:, rises to 165 m (541 ft). Despite not being the island's highest peak, Hooiberg appears as such due to its location in the flat surroundings. It is a recognizable feature that can be observed from nearly every point on the island. 1812:

Political economy is often marked by social exclusion and extraction rather than social inclusion and regeneration: de-marginalization and safeguarding of community well-being and agency by transitioning towards community-driven policy and

244:

The arid landscape in Aruba is not solely a product of its climate but is also a consequence of extensive deforestation and exploitation during the Spanish colonization of the island. Consequently, certain crops, such as

583:(ALFI), a group of divers that regularly hunt invasive species, have taken the initiative to reduce the lionfish population in coastal areas by hunting them for food and crafting jewelry from their fins. 444:

composition, with a thickness exceeding 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). These rocks have undergone metamorphism due to the intrusion of the Aruba Batholith. The age of this formation is believed to be

1754:

Tourism ecological stress: This factor highlights the environmental impact of tourism. As tourism intensity and density increase, ecological pressure accelerates after crossing a critical threshold.

537:

the region. Arikok, spanning 20% of the country, is home to a substantial goat population. Recent research estimates the goat population at approximately 1,465 individuals by counting fresh pellets.

281:. The island's highest point, Jamanota, stands at a modest elevation of 188 m (617 ft) above sea level, while Arikok itself reaches 186 m (610 ft). Another prominent landmark, 249:, thrive in this environment, due to the high calcium-rich soil known as liming. As of 2022, Aruba only has 2.3% of forest-covered land area and only 0.5% of protected natural area. In Aruba 2242:

Locals are concerned about the impact of the growing number of tourism-focused properties and accommodations on Aruba's fragile infrastructure and ecological environment. In the bustling

671:), and their impacts on Aruba's native species is not yet fully understood. Aruba has a recorded history of 10 previous introduction of non-native reptiles species, including two anoles, 1782:

International tourism market diversity: A diverse tourism market is inversely related to over-tourism, meaning that greater market diversity is associated with less intense over-tourism.

565:

in the mid-1980s. Their population has since grown significantly because they lack natural predators in their new environment. This unchecked growth has led to a decline in fish and

3633: 497:). In contrast, the middle terrace, located at 15–25 metres (49–82 ft), dates back up to 510 Kyr, indicating a slow (0.05 mm/yr) rate of tectonic uplift of Aruba. 508:, as documented by the emergence of widespread elevated coastal limestone terraces. This geological history has left a distinct mark on Aruba's landscape and formation. 266:

Aruba is predominantly characterized by its flat terrain. However, there are notable exceptions that add diversity to its landscape. Two well-known rock formations, the

182:. Aruba covers a total area of 193 square kilometres (75 sq mi) and a coast line of 68.5 kilometres (42.6 mi). This region is characterized by a complex 3556: 383:

In stark contrast to the southern shores, Aruba's northern sea is typically characterized by rough waters with a deep blue hue, rocky terrain and consists mostly of

759:

years like 1911/1912, 1930/1931, 1982/1983 and 1997/1998 annual (fiscal year) rainfall can plummet to as little as 150 millimetres or 6 inches. In contrast, during

1568: 3387: 3412: 1779:

Tourism export specialization: Involves the export of tourism-related goods and services, including investments, earnings, revenues, and promotional activities.

3161:

Dewar, Robert E. and Wallis, James R; ‘Geographical patterning of interannual rainfall variability in the tropics and near tropics: An L-moments approach’; in

216:

In the western part, features a gently sloping plain with shallow dry valleys. This area is flanked by a zone of horizontal bedded to slightly seaward-dipping

2267: 258:(consisting of native tree species with no clearly visible indications of human activity) and around 0% of the forest area was found within protected areas. 3335: 2556:. Thematic Set on: Tectonics, basinal framework, and petroleum systems of eastern Venezuela, the Leeward Antilles, Trinidad and Tobago, and offshore areas. 220:

rocks on its western side. Moving towards the central part of the island, the terrain becomes more rugged. This region developed in the outcrop area of the

4171: 3225: 3289: 1591:, as well as Aruba's National Ordinance for the Protection of Native Flora and Fauna and the Sand Ordinance, strictly prohibit the removal or export of 2627: 1776:

style: This aspect examines the concentration and design of cruise and accommodation infrastructures in specific geographic areas or coastal zones.

3683: 3250: 2839: 1375:

has come under question. Despite an official press release asserting that the project would have no adverse effects on the environment, both the

751:

The rainy season typically occurs between September and January. However, it exhibits significant variability due to the strong influence of the

477:

to quartz-hornblende gabbro are present in the roof of the tonalite. Both the Aruba Lava Formation and the batholith are intersected by numerous

3658: 3455:"Jairo Vrolijk, Space and Nature Aruba Foundation: "Houses, hotels, buildings were built without any thought to light pollution" - Aruba Today" 2676: 1380: 209:

The geography of Aruba is characterized by a relatively flat to gently rolling terrain with some low hills. The highest point on the island is

2744: 2349: 1956:

at 28.7% and 12.3%, respectively. Papiamento and English are least spoken in households of persons living in the region of Santa Cruz (4.6%).

4428: 4398: 4294: 4028: 1862: 2467: 340: 59: 3948: 4423: 2651: 4164: 4353: 2922: 1587:

Aruba is committed to safeguarding its natural environment through international and local regulations. The international treaty

1797:

Conserve its scarce and fragile natural resources by limiting over-tourism and accommodation infrastructure (e.g., hotel rooms,

577:

researchers confirm that invasive lionfish populations will keep increasing and can't be eradicated using conventional methods.

4403: 3748: 2550:"Neogene–Quaternary tectonic evolution of the Leeward Antilles islands (Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao) from fault kinematic analysis" 3710: 1634: 4454: 2901:

Reinert, H. K., Leto, A. E., Tumaliuan, J. A., Jackrel, S., Lutterschmidt, W. I., Bushar, L. M., & Odum, R. A. (2021).

1881: 186:

system where the Caribbean Plate moves westward in relation to South America. Aruba is the westernmost island in the Aruba-

4234: 4157: 3537:"International Dark-Sky Association-Aruba asks to keep an eye out for light contamination at Sero Colorado - Aruba Today" 201:, lies on the continental shelf of South America, and is thus geologically considered to lie entirely in South America. 4284: 3912: 3577: 2973: 2215:, marking a 5.6 increase since 1995. The island also experiences high tourism density, with over 10,000 visitors per 213:, reaching almost 188 metres (617 ft) in elevation. There are three distinct types of landscapes on the island. 1834:

Focus on long-term sustainable tourism by reducing bias towards short-term tourism promotion, expansion, and growth.

4299: 4194: 3557:"Households and number of persons by type and location of the living quarters, 2020 – Central Bureau of Statistics" 17: 4393: 2815: 737: 4358: 4122: 4066: 3761: 1675:

Aruba's infrastructure, including the tourism sector, was developed without considering the potential impacts of

1652: 3026:"First records of three new lizard species and a range expansion of a fourth lizard species introduced to Aruba" 2770: 1543:

as a UV protector and stabilizer. While it helps protect the skin from UV rays, it also causes severe damage to

4304: 3432: 1572: 1360: 2588: 1791: 159: 4071: 3963: 4449: 4413: 3968: 3953: 3902: 3859: 1682: 241:

deposits line the south and southwestern coast between Ceru Colorado and the urban center of Oranjestad.

3608: 2947: 2877: 2507: 1819:

should benefit the environment and the local community. Despite the publicized commitment to becoming a

1579:) in the 1920s, and the subsequent growth of large-scale tourism and urbanization since the late 1970s. 4408: 4180: 4095: 3741: 3721: 2404:"Ranking the sustainable development goals: perceived sustainability priorities in small island states" 1866: 3314: 2549: 2371: 2324: 4418: 4038: 3943: 2902: 2706: 2350:"Landscape Series No. 4: The suburbanization of the Aruban landscape – Central Bureau of Statistics" 238: 4388: 4289: 4239: 4199: 3824: 3819: 3814: 618: 277:

In contrast, the northern coast of Aruba features a more hilly topography, particularly within the

3359: 2483: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4219: 4048: 3917: 3799: 3226:"Ministerie helpt hotelontwikkelaar Baby Beach met verspreiden milieu-leugen | Caribisch Netwerk" 3107:"Over the Caribbean Top: Community Well-Being and Over-Tourism in Small Island Tourism Economies" 1839:

result, tourism has expanded without proper oversight, leading to various negative consequences.

1576: 1564: 1473: 310: 4363: 4368: 4274: 4249: 4033: 3705: 3634:"The Future Of Aruba: How The Tiny Caribbean Island Is Bracing For Major New Hotel Development" 1766: 1726: 1691: 453: 4333: 4259: 4229: 4204: 4061: 4003: 3869: 3864: 3838: 3734: 2693: 2247: 1695: 1437: 1399: 733: 690: 686: 654: 2997: 4348: 4343: 4264: 4244: 4100: 4023: 4013: 3025: 2415: 2246:

on the west coast, there will be 4,000 more accommodations, including a new hotel near the

1703: 1403: 1376: 752: 701: 370: 364:

Limestone terrace on the southwestern coast, narrow platforms with less distinct backslopes

278: 187: 1402:(KBA). The KBA encompasses approximately 25% of Aruba's total surface area, these include 8: 4279: 4269: 4214: 4209: 1711: 668: 648: 267: 198: 3578:"GAC (Geographical Address Classification) 2019 and 2020 – Central Bureau of Statistics" 2419: 1790:

Aruba's economic and environmental policy must consider tourism as an indicator for its

612:

locally, is an invasive species with a detrimental impact on Aruba's fauna, such as the

4254: 4018: 4008: 3973: 3907: 3874: 3659:"Hotels bij Baby Beach betekent wél einde van beschermd kustgebied | Caribisch Netwerk" 3163: 3139: 3106: 2523: 2449: 1425: 694: 2926: 2677:"The influence of goats on soil erosion and vegetation in Arikok National Park, Aruba" 4224: 4056: 3897: 3892: 3847: 3794: 3677: 3517: 3244: 3144: 3126: 3041: 2833: 2608: 2604: 2569: 2527: 2453: 2441: 2243: 2099: 2054: 2031: 1918: 1907: 1901: 1870: 1730: 1413: 1372: 1288: 642: 628: 486: 482: 411:

vegetation lightly covers their surfaces, the terraces remain excellently preserved.

388: 384: 2565: 462:

The Aruba Batholith, which intruded the Aruba Lava Formation, primarily consists of

4115: 3987: 3931: 3879: 3809: 3804: 3772: 3134: 3118: 3068: 3033: 2600: 2561: 2519: 2431: 2423: 2300: 2216: 1848: 1699: 570: 427: 163: 3475: 2794: 2878:"Nature Today | Kronkelende kolonisten: het verhaal van de Boa-situatie op Aruba" 1676: 1385: 679: 592: 437: 324: 183: 171: 166:) is situated in a unique geological location, right at the boundary between the 147: 640:

In 2019, three new non-native reptiles have been discovered on Aruba, including

229:

and younger limestone formations. Along the eastern coast, near Boca Grandi and

4138: 3496: 3122: 2427: 2009: 1896: 1739: 1656: 562: 478: 255: 230: 3715: 3360:"Sustainability in Aruba - Eco-Friendly Caribbean Vacation Travel | Aruba.com" 3072: 1659:

disrupting ecology. Small wildlife depend on rock gaps for shelter and safety.

4443: 4149: 4129: 3958: 3887: 3518:"Impacts of lodging facilities on the Leatherback turtles that nest in Aruba" 3130: 3045: 2795:"Seafood Restaurant Aruba | The LionFish Snack Aruba | The LionFish Invasion" 2612: 2573: 2531: 2469:

Terms and Definitions FRA 2025 Forest Resources Assessment, Working Paper 194

2445: 2403: 2369: 1884:(CBS), this classification system has three levels, region, zone, and street/ 1454: 1408: 673: 433: 221: 167: 143: 74: 61: 3060: 1643: 3148: 3037: 2436: 2166: 2143: 1934: 1928: 1773: 1734: 1707: 1458: 771:

Climate data for Oranjestad, Aruba (normals 1991-2020, extremes 1951-2020)

558: 540: 528: 415: 250: 2853: 2508:"THE MARINE TERRACES OF ARUBA, BONAIRE, AND CURAÇAO, NETHERLANDS ANTILLES" 1823:

tourism destination, the actual political agendas in place prioritize the

4314: 3388:"Many tourists still leaving Aruba with seashells, corals, or beach sand" 1806: 1802: 1719: 1623: 1540: 1450: 1351: 725: 504:

epoch. However, Aruba later subsided beneath the sea level in the middle

2268:"Aruba climate: average weather, temperature, rain - Climates to Travel" 432:

The oldest geological unit visible on Aruba is the ALF, which comprises

2373:

The history of resource exploitation in Aruba : Landscape series 2

2212: 1816: 1536: 1519: 566: 463: 400: 358: 234: 760: 756: 179: 2880:[Unruly Colonists: The Story of the Boa Situation in Aruba]. 1798: 1715: 1619: 1532: 1523: 605: 501: 408: 298: 246: 217: 175: 47: 2903:

A long-term dietary assessment of invasive Boa constrictor on Aruba.

2402:

Eppinga, Maarten B.; Mijts, Eric N.; Santos, Maria J. (2022-07-01).

713: 3024:

Behm, Jocelyn E.; Busala, Gianna M.; Helmus, Matthew (2022-01-24).

2948:"Nature Today | Inheemse slang bestrijdt invasieve kikker op Aruba" 2231: 2222: 2121: 2077: 1923: 1913: 1592: 1582: 554: 466: 456: 449: 445: 347: 331: 282: 271: 210: 117: 36: 2652:"What To Do With Nonnative Goats At Aruba's Arikok National Park?" 3726: 3336:"Oxybenzone is killing corals and destroying marine biodiversity" 2389:

Aruba: Past and Present: from the time of the indians until today

1762: 1758: 1606: 1548: 1528: 505: 226: 3264: 2472:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 2023. 569:

populations, and even the health of coral reefs is suffering as

489:, with subsequent reheating of the rocks between 73 and 67 Myr. 2226:

Partial view of tourism region along the northwestern coastline

1853: 1733:

from light pollution. Over the past decade, the closure of the

1552: 533: 474: 470: 441: 3609:"Mapping Census 2020: Social Demographic Diversity in Aruba 3" 3315:"Management Plan Marine Park | Aruba National Park Foundation" 3204: 3177: 2370:

Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek Aruba; Derix, Ruud (2016).

2301:"Geology map of Aruba | Dutch Caribbean Biodiversity Database" 1513: 3757: 2720: 2391:. Translated by Verleun, J.A. Oranjestad, Aruba: D.J. De Wit. 2005: 1892: 1622:. They stabilize beaches, provide shelter for creatures like 1596: 1588: 1556: 1544: 1368: 663: 659: 191: 138: 1968:

Census 2020: Language distribution per region in percentage

1750:

Over-tourism in Aruba is influenced by several key factors:

1757:

Tourism supply chain: It considers the impact of increased

1714:

can deter adult females from nesting or disorient emerging

1600: 1441: 574: 392: 330:

Emerged lower and middle terraces with partially submerged

304:

Limestone marine terrace at the north coast of Aruba (2014)

2980:

The Amphibians and Reptiles of Aruba, Curaçao and Bonaire

2688:– via Dutch Caribbean Biodiversity Database (dcbd). 494: 2211:

Currently, Aruba has a tourism intensity of 17 visitors

376:

A section of the barrier reef of the coast of Oranjestad

174:. It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of the 3290:"Aruba begint met reactivering van de interne economie" 2975:

De Amfibieën en Reptielen van Aruba, Curaçao en Bonaire

197:

Aruba, as well as the rest of the ABC islands and also

3717:

Hunting Lionfish Aruba back to the cave at Boca Budui

2816:"Eat Them to Beat Them--Eat at LionFish Snack Aruba!" 2813: 1679:

on the ecological environment and human experiences.

3433:"Why Rock Stacking Needs To Stop | Visit Aruba Blog" 3224:

Henriquez, 20 november 2019 | Sharina (2019-11-20).

1398:

The Arikok National Park Foundation (FPNA) oversees

2745:"National Geographic Explorer, Pioneer/Trailblazer" 2628:"Island Birds + Invading Boa = Trouble in Paradise" 2488:

Food Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

526:

Introduced in the early 16th century, feral goats (

3607:Aruba, Central Bureau of Statistics (2023-03-30). 2401: 1888:Aruba is divided into eight regions and 55 zones: 1690:All sea turtles species are endangered, including 178:coast and 68 kilometres (42 mi) northwest of 3413:"Leave seashells on the beach - Gloria Filiciana" 3178:"Departamento Meteorologico Aruba - Climate Data" 2548:Hippolyte, Jean-Claude; Mann, Paul (2011-01-01). 2512:Annals of the Association of American Geographers 2376:. Oranjestad: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek. 1718:, causing them to venture inland where they risk 194:located along the Venezuelan continental border. 4441: 3023: 2923:"Amphibien and Reptielen Benedenwindse eilanden" 2484:"Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020, Aruba" 1583:Protection of flora and fauna and Sand ordinance 3657:Henriquez, 2 juli 2019 | Sharina (2019-07-02). 2771:"Impacts of Invasive Lionfish | NOAA Fisheries" 1618:Shells play a critical role in maintaining our 1416:(MPA), and other designated terrestrial areas. 4179: 2586: 746: 544:Non-native lionfish distribution (1985 - 2020) 4165: 3742: 3111:International Journal of Community Well-Being 2814:DEFINE.DESIGN.DEVELOP, CR38TE- (2020-07-21). 2547: 3522:Consortium Journal of Hospitality Management 1725:International Dark-Sky Association-Aruba, a 3682:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3515: 3249:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 2838:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 1514:Chemical pollution: Oxybenzone in sunscreen 316:Boca Daimari in Arikok National Park (2004) 4172: 4158: 3749: 3735: 2986:. Alphen aan den Rijn: Drukkerij Haasbeek. 35: 3656: 3494: 3473: 3410: 3223: 3138: 2768: 2505: 2435: 1878:Geographical Address Classification Aruba 1508: 1345: 724:(fruit pods), distorted by the northeast 622:). However, the Aruban Cat-eyed Snake or 421: 3385: 3333: 3287: 3104: 2674: 2587:Campbell, Karl; Donlan, C. Josh (2005). 2221: 1946: 1852: 1681: 1605: 1434:Saliña Palm Beach/ Plas The Mill Resort 712: 539: 158:Aruba (the westernmost island among the 3516:Lusby, Carolin; Lasten, Earney (2015). 2998:"Amfibieën van Aruba | Beautiful Aruba" 2906:Herpetological Conservation and Biology 1831:Increase tourism market diversification 1665: 14: 4442: 3476:"Turtle Season in Aruba | TurtugAruba" 3019: 3017: 2625: 2386: 2235:geographical areas from 1995 to 2019. 4153: 3730: 3606: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3594: 3534: 3452: 3381: 3379: 3199: 3197: 3100: 3098: 3096: 3094: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3086: 3084: 3082: 3058: 2971: 2543: 2541: 2501: 2499: 2497: 1941: 1786:Implications to reduce over-tourism: 516: 500:Aruba was above sea level during the 190:Chain, a series of small islands and 2589:"Feral Goat Eradications on Islands" 2295: 2293: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2206: 1869:, with the largest settlement being 635: 3497:"About Aruba Turtles | TurtugAruba" 3014: 1393: 24: 3756: 3631: 3591: 3376: 3194: 3079: 2787: 2538: 2524:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1961.tb00370.x 2494: 2380: 1882:Central Bureau of Statistics Aruba 1857:Enlargeable, detailed map of Aruba 1842: 1670: 586: 25: 4466: 3694: 3205:"SDG Aruba – Leave No One Behind" 2284: 1551:imbalances. The ban includes the 142:, located at the juncture of the 4313: 4295:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 3837: 3700: 3411:Filiciana, Gloria (2023-02-14). 2626:Revkin, Andrew C. (2011-01-27). 2605:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00228.x 1642: 1633: 1571:), and oil refining industries ( 1337:Departamento Meteorologico Aruba 369: 357: 339: 323: 309: 297: 101:193 km (75 sq mi) 3650: 3625: 3570: 3549: 3535:Pinto, Juan Luis (2023-04-28). 3528: 3509: 3488: 3467: 3453:Pinto, Juan Luis (2022-10-23). 3446: 3425: 3404: 3352: 3327: 3307: 3281: 3257: 3217: 3170: 3155: 3061:"Alien Reptiles and Amphibians" 3052: 2990: 2965: 2940: 2915: 2895: 2870: 2846: 2807: 2762: 2737: 2713: 2668: 2644: 2619: 2580: 2566:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.06.010 1745: 1653:Human impact on the environment 511: 288: 3386:Overheid, Aruba (2021-04-19). 3334:Overheid, Aruba (2019-02-18). 3288:Overheid, Aruba (2020-05-08). 2769:Fisheries, NOAA (2022-07-29). 2506:Alexander, Charles S. (1961). 2476: 2460: 2395: 2363: 2342: 2317: 2260: 1573:Lago Oil and Transport Company 708: 391:interspersed with small sandy 13: 1: 2656:www.nationalparkstraveler.org 2325:"What Continent Is Aruba In?" 2253: 1792:Sustainable Development Goals 1610:Coral sand from Aruba's beach 1170:Average rainfall mm (inches) 261: 4429:United States Virgin Islands 4181:Geography of North America 2925:. 2008-06-05. Archived from 2554:Marine and Petroleum Geology 599: 204: 153: 7: 4455:Leeward Islands (Caribbean) 1431:Saliña Malmok/ Saliña Serka 1030:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 890:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 747:Southern Oscillation impact 548: 109:68.5 km (42.6 mi) 10: 4471: 4096:Kingdom of the Netherlands 3123:10.1007/s42413-020-00094-3 3105:Peterson, Ryan R. (2023). 2972:Buurt, Gerard van (2001). 2721:"Invasive Lionfish Portal" 2428:10.1007/s11625-022-01100-7 2248:Bubali Plas nature reserve 1867:Kingdom of the Netherlands 1846: 1334: 770: 425: 407:Although a light layer of 237:terraces can be observed. 4404:Saint Pierre and Miquelon 4322: 4311: 4187: 4109: 4088: 4047: 3999: 3995: 3986: 3939: 3930: 3855: 3846: 3835: 3790: 3781: 3768: 3073:10.1007/978-1-4020-8946-6 3059:Kraus, Fred, ed. (2009). 1286: 1239: 1169: 1099: 1029: 959: 889: 819: 814: 811: 808: 805: 802: 799: 796: 793: 790: 787: 784: 781: 778: 775: 581:Aruba LionFish Initiative 561:, were introduced to the 485:occurred around 85 to 90 172:Caribbean tectonic plates 148:Caribbean tectonic plates 125: 113: 105: 97: 90: 53: 43: 34: 4424:Turks and Caicos Islands 3706:Wikimedia Atlas of Aruba 3495:TeleAdmin (2019-04-11). 3474:TeleAdmin (2019-04-11). 2725:Invasive Lionfish Portal 2272:www.climatestotravel.com 2230:Most of Aruba's tourism 1880:(GAC), developed by the 1657:rock stacks or balancing 1488:Isla di Oro/Mangel Halto 521: 121:188 metres (617 ft) 3663:caribischnetwerk.ntr.nl 3230:caribischnetwerk.ntr.nl 1727:non-profit organization 1577:Arend Petroleum Company 1565:Aruba Phosphate Company 1474:Oranjestad Reef Islands 4354:British Virgin Islands 3002:www.beautiful-aruba.nl 2701:Cite journal requires 2408:Sustainability Science 2387:Hartog, Johan (1961). 2227: 1858: 1687: 1686:Leatherback hatchlings 1611: 1569:Aruba Gold Concessions 1509:Environmental policies 1400:Key Biodiversity Areas 1346:Conservation geography 729: 669:anthropogenic habitats 557:, originally from the 545: 422:Geological development 4285:Saint Kitts and Nevis 2675:Veerbeek, B. (2016). 2225: 1947:Language distribution 1856: 1685: 1609: 734:hot semi-arid climate 716: 687:Gonatodes albogularis 655:Hemidactylus frenatus 591:In 1999, the initial 543: 4101:Netherlands Antilles 4057:Association football 3038:10.34944/dspace/7463 3030:BioInvasions Records 2593:Conservation Biology 1729:, aims to safeguard 1710:wild life on Aruba. 1666:Ecological stressors 1404:Arikok National Park 1377:Environment Minister 820:Record high °C (°F) 753:Southern Oscillation 720:tree, also known as 702:Hemidactylus mabouia 619:Pleurodema brachyops 346:Partially submerged 279:Arikok National Park 4300:Trinidad and Tobago 4195:Antigua and Barbuda 3167:, 12; pp. 3457-3466 2952:www.naturetoday.com 2882:www.naturetoday.com 2752:National Geographic 2420:2022SuSc...17.1537E 1969: 1863:constituent country 1712:Artificial lighting 1240:Average rainy days 1100:Record low °C (°F) 960:Daily mean °C (°F) 649:Anolis cristatellus 199:Trinidad and Tobago 71: / 31: 4450:Geography of Aruba 4235:Dominican Republic 4067:Pan American Games 3969:Telecommunications 3294:secure.overheid.aw 3164:Journal of Climate 2228: 1967: 1942:Cultural geography 1859: 1761:, accommodations ( 1688: 1612: 1503:MPA Seroe Colorado 1412:(Spanish Lagoon), 730: 546: 517:Non-native species 481:. The batholith's 452:imprints found in 129:Tropical semi-arid 98: • Total 30:Geography of Aruba 29: 4437: 4436: 4326:other territories 4147: 4146: 4084: 4083: 4080: 4079: 3982: 3981: 3926: 3925: 3913:Political parties 3833: 3832: 3392:www.government.aw 3340:www.government.aw 2207:Tourism geography 2204: 2203: 2188:National Average 1876:According to the 1414:marine park Aruba 1342: 1341: 1289:relative humidity 732:Aruba features a 684:and four geckos, 643:Anolis gingivinus 636:Anoles and geckos 629:Leptodeira bakeri 487:million years ago 274:Rock Formations. 233:, well-developed 133: 132: 75:12.500°N 69.967°W 16:(Redirected from 4462: 4394:Saint Barthélemy 4324:Dependencies and 4317: 4188:Sovereign states 4174: 4167: 4160: 4151: 4150: 4132: 4125: 4118: 3997: 3996: 3993: 3992: 3937: 3936: 3883: 3853: 3852: 3841: 3788: 3787: 3751: 3744: 3737: 3728: 3727: 3718: 3704: 3703: 3688: 3687: 3681: 3673: 3671: 3670: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3644: 3629: 3623: 3622: 3620: 3619: 3613:ArcGIS StoryMaps 3604: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3585: 3574: 3568: 3567: 3565: 3564: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3543: 3532: 3526: 3525: 3513: 3507: 3506: 3504: 3503: 3492: 3486: 3485: 3483: 3482: 3471: 3465: 3464: 3462: 3461: 3450: 3444: 3443: 3441: 3440: 3429: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3419: 3408: 3402: 3401: 3399: 3398: 3383: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3370: 3356: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3346: 3331: 3325: 3324: 3322: 3321: 3311: 3305: 3304: 3302: 3301: 3285: 3279: 3278: 3276: 3275: 3261: 3255: 3254: 3248: 3240: 3238: 3237: 3221: 3215: 3214: 3212: 3211: 3201: 3192: 3191: 3189: 3188: 3174: 3168: 3159: 3153: 3152: 3142: 3102: 3077: 3076: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3021: 3012: 3011: 3009: 3008: 2994: 2988: 2987: 2985: 2969: 2963: 2962: 2960: 2959: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2935: 2934: 2919: 2913: 2899: 2893: 2892: 2890: 2889: 2874: 2868: 2867: 2865: 2864: 2858:www.facebook.com 2850: 2844: 2843: 2837: 2829: 2827: 2826: 2811: 2805: 2804: 2802: 2801: 2791: 2785: 2784: 2782: 2781: 2766: 2760: 2759: 2749: 2741: 2735: 2734: 2732: 2731: 2717: 2711: 2710: 2704: 2699: 2697: 2689: 2687: 2686: 2681: 2672: 2666: 2665: 2663: 2662: 2648: 2642: 2641: 2639: 2638: 2623: 2617: 2616: 2599:(5): 1362–1374. 2584: 2578: 2577: 2545: 2536: 2535: 2503: 2492: 2491: 2480: 2474: 2473: 2464: 2458: 2457: 2439: 2414:(4): 1537–1556. 2399: 2393: 2392: 2384: 2378: 2377: 2367: 2361: 2360: 2358: 2357: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2337: 2336: 2321: 2315: 2314: 2312: 2311: 2297: 2282: 2281: 2279: 2278: 2264: 2217:square kilometer 1970: 1966: 1849:Culture of Aruba 1769:on over-tourism. 1646: 1637: 1603:from the island. 1547:and can lead to 1478:Mangrove sites ( 1421:California Dunes 1394:Designated sites 1389: 1243: 768: 767: 755:. During strong 571:herbivorous fish 428:Geology of Aruba 387:coral limestone 373: 361: 343: 327: 313: 301: 164:Leeward Antilles 86: 85: 83: 82: 81: 76: 72: 69: 68: 67: 64: 39: 32: 28: 21: 18:Climate of Aruba 4470: 4469: 4465: 4464: 4463: 4461: 4460: 4459: 4440: 4439: 4438: 4433: 4327: 4325: 4318: 4309: 4183: 4178: 4148: 4143: 4135: 4128: 4121: 4114: 4105: 4076: 4043: 3978: 3922: 3881: 3842: 3829: 3777: 3764: 3755: 3716: 3701: 3697: 3692: 3691: 3675: 3674: 3668: 3666: 3655: 3651: 3642: 3640: 3630: 3626: 3617: 3615: 3605: 3592: 3583: 3581: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3562: 3560: 3555: 3554: 3550: 3541: 3539: 3533: 3529: 3514: 3510: 3501: 3499: 3493: 3489: 3480: 3478: 3472: 3468: 3459: 3457: 3451: 3447: 3438: 3436: 3431: 3430: 3426: 3417: 3415: 3409: 3405: 3396: 3394: 3384: 3377: 3368: 3366: 3358: 3357: 3353: 3344: 3342: 3332: 3328: 3319: 3317: 3313: 3312: 3308: 3299: 3297: 3286: 3282: 3273: 3271: 3263: 3262: 3258: 3242: 3241: 3235: 3233: 3222: 3218: 3209: 3207: 3203: 3202: 3195: 3186: 3184: 3176: 3175: 3171: 3160: 3156: 3103: 3080: 3057: 3053: 3022: 3015: 3006: 3004: 2996: 2995: 2991: 2983: 2970: 2966: 2957: 2955: 2946: 2945: 2941: 2932: 2930: 2921: 2920: 2916: 2900: 2896: 2887: 2885: 2876: 2875: 2871: 2862: 2860: 2852: 2851: 2847: 2831: 2830: 2824: 2822: 2812: 2808: 2799: 2797: 2793: 2792: 2788: 2779: 2777: 2767: 2763: 2747: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2729: 2727: 2719: 2718: 2714: 2702: 2700: 2691: 2690: 2684: 2682: 2679: 2673: 2669: 2660: 2658: 2650: 2649: 2645: 2636: 2634: 2624: 2620: 2585: 2581: 2546: 2539: 2504: 2495: 2482: 2481: 2477: 2466: 2465: 2461: 2437:1854/LU-8741920 2400: 2396: 2385: 2381: 2368: 2364: 2355: 2353: 2348: 2347: 2343: 2334: 2332: 2323: 2322: 2318: 2309: 2307: 2299: 2298: 2285: 2276: 2274: 2266: 2265: 2261: 2256: 2209: 1949: 1944: 1851: 1845: 1843:Human geography 1748: 1677:light pollution 1673: 1671:Light pollution 1668: 1663: 1662: 1661: 1660: 1649: 1648: 1647: 1639: 1638: 1585: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1500:Saliña Savaneta 1492:Commandeursbaai 1463:Rooi Bringamosa 1396: 1383: 1350:The origins of 1348: 1343: 1241: 1234: 1229: 1224: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1129: 1124: 1119: 1114: 1109: 1104: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 954: 949: 944: 939: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 904: 899: 894: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 859: 854: 849: 844: 839: 834: 829: 824: 749: 711: 638: 602: 593:boa constrictor 589: 587:Boa constrictor 551: 524: 519: 514: 448:, supported by 430: 424: 395:referred to as 381: 380: 379: 378: 377: 374: 366: 365: 362: 353: 352: 351: 344: 336: 335: 328: 319: 318: 317: 314: 306: 305: 302: 291: 264: 207: 156: 120: 80:12.500; -69.967 79: 77: 73: 70: 65: 62: 60: 58: 57: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4468: 4458: 4457: 4452: 4435: 4434: 4432: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4414:Sint Eustatius 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4359:Cayman Islands 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4330: 4328: 4323: 4320: 4319: 4312: 4310: 4308: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4277: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4191: 4189: 4185: 4184: 4177: 4176: 4169: 4162: 4154: 4145: 4144: 4142: 4141: 4134: 4133: 4126: 4119: 4111: 4110: 4107: 4106: 4104: 4103: 4098: 4092: 4090: 4086: 4085: 4082: 4081: 4078: 4077: 4075: 4074: 4069: 4064: 4059: 4053: 4051: 4045: 4044: 4042: 4041: 4036: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4000: 3990: 3984: 3983: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3940: 3934: 3928: 3927: 3924: 3923: 3921: 3920: 3918:Prime Minister 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3877: 3872: 3867: 3862: 3856: 3850: 3844: 3843: 3836: 3834: 3831: 3830: 3828: 3827: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3791: 3785: 3779: 3778: 3776: 3775: 3769: 3766: 3765: 3754: 3753: 3746: 3739: 3731: 3725: 3724: 3713: 3708: 3696: 3695:External links 3693: 3690: 3689: 3649: 3624: 3590: 3569: 3548: 3527: 3508: 3487: 3466: 3445: 3424: 3403: 3375: 3351: 3326: 3306: 3280: 3256: 3216: 3193: 3169: 3154: 3078: 3051: 3013: 2989: 2964: 2939: 2914: 2894: 2869: 2845: 2806: 2786: 2761: 2736: 2712: 2703:|journal= 2667: 2643: 2632:Dot Earth Blog 2618: 2579: 2560:(1): 259–277. 2537: 2518:(1): 102–123. 2493: 2475: 2459: 2394: 2379: 2362: 2341: 2316: 2283: 2258: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2208: 2205: 2202: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2186: 2183: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2164: 2160: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2141: 2137: 2136: 2133: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2119: 2115: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2097: 2093: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2075: 2071: 2070: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2052: 2048: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2038: 2035: 2029: 2025: 2024: 2021: 2018: 2015: 2012: 2010:Tanki Leendert 2003: 1999: 1998: 1992: 1986: 1980: 1977: 1974: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1940: 1939: 1938: 1932: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1905: 1899: 1897:Tanki Leendert 1844: 1841: 1836: 1835: 1832: 1829: 1814: 1810: 1795: 1784: 1783: 1780: 1777: 1770: 1755: 1747: 1744: 1740:Seroe Colorado 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1651: 1650: 1641: 1640: 1632: 1631: 1630: 1629: 1628: 1584: 1581: 1515: 1512: 1510: 1507: 1505: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1497:Rooi Lamoenchi 1495: 1476: 1470: 1469:Rooi Manoonchi 1467: 1464: 1461: 1448: 1445: 1435: 1432: 1429: 1428:) Tier del Sol 1422: 1418: 1395: 1392: 1347: 1344: 1340: 1339: 1332: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1304: 1301: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1284: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1271: 1268: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1253: 1250: 1247: 1244: 1237: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1221: 1216: 1211: 1206: 1201: 1196: 1191: 1186: 1181: 1176: 1171: 1167: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1141: 1136: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1116: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1097: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1027: 1026: 1021: 1016: 1011: 1006: 1001: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 961: 957: 956: 951: 946: 941: 936: 931: 926: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 887: 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 846: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 817: 816: 813: 810: 807: 804: 801: 798: 795: 792: 789: 786: 783: 780: 777: 773: 772: 766: 748: 745: 710: 707: 637: 634: 608:, also called 601: 598: 588: 585: 563:Atlantic Ocean 550: 547: 523: 520: 518: 515: 513: 510: 469:. Pendants of 438:volcaniclastic 426:Main article: 423: 420: 375: 368: 367: 363: 356: 355: 354: 345: 338: 337: 329: 322: 321: 320: 315: 308: 307: 303: 296: 295: 294: 293: 292: 290: 287: 263: 260: 256:primary forest 231:Seroe Colorado 206: 203: 168:South American 155: 152: 144:South American 131: 130: 127: 123: 122: 115: 111: 110: 107: 103: 102: 99: 95: 94: 92: 88: 87: 55: 51: 50: 45: 41: 40: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4467: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4331: 4329: 4321: 4316: 4306: 4305:United States 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4286: 4283: 4281: 4278: 4276: 4273: 4271: 4268: 4266: 4263: 4261: 4258: 4256: 4253: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4231: 4228: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4218: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4192: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4175: 4170: 4168: 4163: 4161: 4156: 4155: 4152: 4140: 4137: 4136: 4131: 4127: 4124: 4120: 4117: 4113: 4112: 4108: 4102: 4099: 4097: 4094: 4093: 4091: 4087: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4063: 4060: 4058: 4055: 4054: 4052: 4050: 4046: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4007: 4005: 4002: 4001: 3998: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3985: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3941: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3929: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3878: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3845: 3840: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3792: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3780: 3774: 3771: 3770: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3752: 3747: 3745: 3740: 3738: 3733: 3732: 3729: 3723: 3719: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3699: 3698: 3685: 3679: 3664: 3660: 3653: 3639: 3635: 3632:Dobson, Jim. 3628: 3614: 3610: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3579: 3573: 3558: 3552: 3538: 3531: 3523: 3519: 3512: 3498: 3491: 3477: 3470: 3456: 3449: 3434: 3428: 3414: 3407: 3393: 3389: 3382: 3380: 3365: 3364:www.aruba.com 3361: 3355: 3341: 3337: 3330: 3316: 3310: 3295: 3291: 3284: 3270: 3266: 3260: 3252: 3246: 3231: 3227: 3220: 3206: 3200: 3198: 3183: 3179: 3173: 3166: 3165: 3158: 3150: 3146: 3141: 3136: 3132: 3128: 3124: 3120: 3117:(2): 89–126. 3116: 3112: 3108: 3101: 3099: 3097: 3095: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3087: 3085: 3083: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3055: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3020: 3018: 3003: 2999: 2993: 2981: 2977: 2976: 2968: 2953: 2949: 2943: 2929:on 2008-06-05 2928: 2924: 2918: 2912:(1), 211-224. 2911: 2907: 2904: 2898: 2883: 2879: 2873: 2859: 2855: 2849: 2841: 2835: 2821: 2820:When In Aruba 2817: 2810: 2796: 2790: 2776: 2772: 2765: 2758:(5): 8. 2019. 2757: 2753: 2746: 2740: 2726: 2722: 2716: 2708: 2695: 2678: 2671: 2657: 2653: 2647: 2633: 2629: 2622: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2590: 2583: 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2544: 2542: 2533: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2502: 2500: 2498: 2489: 2485: 2479: 2471: 2470: 2463: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2398: 2390: 2383: 2375: 2374: 2366: 2351: 2345: 2330: 2326: 2320: 2306: 2302: 2296: 2294: 2292: 2290: 2288: 2273: 2269: 2263: 2259: 2251: 2249: 2245: 2240: 2236: 2233: 2224: 2220: 2218: 2214: 2199: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2185: 2184: 2180: 2177: 2174: 2171: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2161: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2138: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2072: 2068: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2049: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2026: 2022: 2019: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2007: 2004: 2001: 2000: 1997: 1993: 1991: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1971: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1936: 1933: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1894: 1891: 1890: 1889: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1855: 1850: 1840: 1833: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1815: 1811: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1793: 1789: 1788: 1787: 1781: 1778: 1775: 1774:architectural 1771: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1743: 1741: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1723: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1684: 1680: 1678: 1658: 1654: 1645: 1636: 1627: 1625: 1621: 1616: 1608: 1604: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1580: 1578: 1574: 1570: 1566: 1560: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1525: 1521: 1518:The chemical 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1460: 1456: 1455:Spaans Lagoen 1452: 1449: 1446: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1433: 1430: 1427: 1423: 1420: 1419: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1410: 1409:Spaans Lagoen 1405: 1401: 1391: 1387: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1371:project near 1370: 1364: 1362: 1356: 1353: 1338: 1333: 1329: 1326: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1285: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1238: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1212: 1207: 1202: 1197: 1192: 1187: 1182: 1177: 1172: 1168: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1098: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1028: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 982: 977: 972: 967: 962: 958: 952: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 922: 917: 912: 907: 902: 897: 892: 888: 882: 877: 872: 867: 862: 857: 852: 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 822: 818: 774: 769: 765: 762: 758: 754: 744: 742: 739: 735: 727: 723: 719: 715: 706: 704: 703: 698: 696: 692: 691:G. antilensis 688: 683: 681: 676: 675: 674:Anolis sagrei 670: 665: 661: 657: 656: 651: 650: 645: 644: 633: 631: 630: 625: 621: 620: 615: 611: 607: 597: 594: 584: 582: 578: 576: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 542: 538: 535: 531: 530: 509: 507: 503: 498: 496: 490: 488: 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 465: 460: 458: 455: 454:conglomeratic 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 429: 419: 417: 412: 410: 404: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 372: 360: 349: 342: 333: 326: 312: 300: 286: 284: 280: 275: 273: 269: 259: 257: 252: 248: 242: 240: 236: 232: 228: 223: 222:metamorphosed 219: 214: 212: 202: 200: 195: 193: 189: 188:La Blanquilla 185: 181: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 151: 149: 145: 141: 140: 137:geography of 128: 124: 119: 116: 114:Highest point 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 93: 89: 84: 56: 52: 49: 46: 42: 38: 33: 27: 19: 4419:Sint Maarten 4399:Saint Martin 4338: 4130:Bibliography 4072:Sportspeople 4004:Demographics 3882:(parliament) 3870:Constitution 3865:Coat of arms 3782: 3711:Map of Aruba 3667:. Retrieved 3662: 3652: 3641:. Retrieved 3637: 3627: 3616:. Retrieved 3612: 3582:. Retrieved 3580:. 2020-12-03 3572: 3561:. Retrieved 3559:. 2020-06-09 3551: 3540:. Retrieved 3530: 3521: 3511: 3500:. Retrieved 3490: 3479:. Retrieved 3469: 3458:. Retrieved 3448: 3437:. Retrieved 3435:. 2017-04-26 3427: 3416:. Retrieved 3406: 3395:. Retrieved 3391: 3367:. Retrieved 3363: 3354: 3343:. Retrieved 3339: 3329: 3318:. Retrieved 3309: 3298:. Retrieved 3293: 3283: 3272:. Retrieved 3268: 3259: 3234:. Retrieved 3229: 3219: 3208:. Retrieved 3185:. Retrieved 3181: 3172: 3162: 3157: 3114: 3110: 3065:SpringerLink 3064: 3054: 3029: 3005:. Retrieved 3001: 2992: 2979: 2974: 2967: 2956:. Retrieved 2951: 2942: 2931:. Retrieved 2927:the original 2917: 2909: 2905: 2897: 2886:. Retrieved 2881: 2872: 2861:. Retrieved 2857: 2848: 2823:. Retrieved 2819: 2809: 2798:. Retrieved 2789: 2778:. Retrieved 2774: 2764: 2755: 2751: 2739: 2728:. Retrieved 2724: 2715: 2694:cite journal 2683:. Retrieved 2670: 2659:. Retrieved 2655: 2646: 2635:. Retrieved 2631: 2621: 2596: 2592: 2582: 2557: 2553: 2515: 2511: 2487: 2478: 2468: 2462: 2411: 2407: 2397: 2388: 2382: 2372: 2365: 2354:. Retrieved 2352:. 2016-12-21 2344: 2333:. Retrieved 2331:. 2018-09-05 2328: 2319: 2308:. Retrieved 2304: 2275:. Retrieved 2271: 2262: 2241: 2237: 2229: 2210: 1995: 1989: 1983: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1885: 1877: 1875: 1860: 1837: 1824: 1820: 1813:development. 1807:guest houses 1803:condominiums 1785: 1749: 1746:Over-tourism 1724: 1706:, which are 1689: 1674: 1624:hermit crabs 1617: 1613: 1586: 1561: 1517: 1491: 1487: 1484:Parkietenbos 1483: 1479: 1459:Mangel Halto 1407: 1397: 1381:Otmar Oduber 1365: 1357: 1352:over-tourism 1349: 1336: 750: 740: 731: 721: 717: 700: 685: 678: 672: 653: 647: 641: 639: 627: 623: 617: 613: 609: 603: 590: 580: 579: 559:Indo-Pacific 552: 529:Capra hircus 527: 525: 512:Biogeography 499: 491: 461: 431: 416:barrier reef 414:Aruba has a 413: 405: 396: 382: 289:Coastal form 276: 265: 251:forest cover 243: 215: 208: 196: 157: 136: 134: 26: 4389:Puerto Rico 4290:Saint Lucia 4240:El Salvador 4024:LGBT rights 3860:Coast guard 2305:www.dcbd.nl 2167:San Nicolas 2144:San Nicolas 1994:Papiamento 1988:Papiamento 1982:Papiamento 1979:Papiamento 1935:San Nicolas 1929:San Nicolas 1865:within the 1861:Aruba is a 1821:sustainable 1735:San Nicolas 1720:dehydration 1692:Leatherback 1541:nail polish 1451:Ramsar site 1447:Sero Teishi 1438:Bubali Plas 1384: [ 726:trade winds 709:Climatology 695:G. vittatus 680:A. porcatus 350:coral reef. 162:and of the 160:ABC Islands 78: / 54:Coordinates 4444:Categories 4384:Montserrat 4379:Martinique 4374:Guadeloupe 4220:Costa Rica 3669:2023-10-26 3665:(in Dutch) 3643:2023-10-26 3618:2023-10-07 3584:2023-10-05 3563:2023-10-04 3542:2023-10-31 3502:2023-10-31 3481:2023-10-31 3460:2023-10-31 3439:2023-10-25 3418:2023-10-25 3397:2023-10-25 3369:2023-10-02 3345:2023-10-02 3320:2023-11-11 3300:2023-11-11 3296:(in Dutch) 3274:2023-11-11 3236:2023-10-26 3232:(in Dutch) 3210:2023-10-03 3187:2023-10-02 3007:2023-11-04 2958:2023-11-04 2954:(in Dutch) 2933:2023-11-04 2888:2023-10-17 2884:(in Dutch) 2863:2023-10-17 2854:"Facebook" 2825:2023-10-17 2800:2023-10-17 2780:2023-10-17 2730:2023-10-17 2685:2023-10-18 2661:2023-10-18 2637:2023-10-18 2356:2023-10-05 2335:2024-02-23 2329:WorldAtlas 2310:2023-10-02 2277:2023-10-03 2254:References 2244:Palm Beach 2232:facilities 2213:per capita 2100:Santa Cruz 2055:Oranjestad 2032:Oranjestad 1919:Santa Cruz 1908:Oranjestad 1902:Oranjestad 1871:Oranjestad 1847:See also: 1825:sustaining 1817:Ecotourism 1731:dark skies 1716:hatchlings 1696:Loggerhead 1601:beach sand 1537:hair spray 1520:Oxybenzone 1373:Baby Beach 1242:(≥ 1.0 mm) 567:crustacean 464:hornblende 409:xerophytic 401:Papiamento 334:coral reef 262:Elevations 235:Quaternary 4369:Greenland 4275:Nicaragua 4250:Guatemala 4019:Languages 4009:Festivals 3974:Transport 3954:Companies 3949:Buildings 3875:Elections 3783:Geography 3131:2524-5295 3046:2242-1300 2613:0888-8892 2574:0264-8172 2532:0004-5608 2454:246683341 2446:1862-4057 1799:timeshare 1722:or harm. 1708:nocturnal 1704:Hawksbill 1620:ecosystem 1593:seashells 1567:), gold ( 1533:cosmetics 1524:sunscreen 1466:Rooi Taki 1426:salt flat 624:Santanero 606:Cane toad 600:Cane toad 502:Oligocene 483:intrusion 440:rocks of 247:aloe vera 218:limestone 205:Landscape 176:Venezuela 154:Geography 106:Coastline 48:Caribbean 4334:Anguilla 4260:Honduras 4230:Dominica 4205:Barbados 4139:Category 4089:See also 4062:Olympics 3959:Currency 3944:Airports 3898:Military 3893:Governor 3880:Estates 3848:Politics 3762:articles 3678:cite web 3245:cite web 3182:meteo.aw 3149:34723109 2834:cite web 2122:Savaneta 2078:Paradera 1990:English 1984:Spanish 1976:Regions 1924:Savaneta 1914:Paradera 1772:Tourism 1702:and the 1549:hormonal 1529:plastics 1457:and MPA 1424:Saliña ( 1335:Source: 1287:Average 1235:(17.76) 722:Dividivi 718:Watapana 573:vanish. 555:lionfish 549:Lionfish 467:tonalite 457:mudstone 450:ammonite 446:Turonian 442:basaltic 434:volcanic 389:terraces 385:wave-cut 348:holocene 332:holocene 283:Hooiberg 272:Casibari 239:Forereef 211:Jamanota 118:Jamanota 4364:Curaçao 4349:Bonaire 4344:Bermuda 4265:Jamaica 4245:Grenada 4200:Bahamas 4116:Outline 4039:Society 3988:Culture 3932:Economy 3903:Monarch 3825:Mammals 3820:Streams 3815:Islands 3810:Geology 3805:Climate 3795:Capital 3773:History 3722:YouTube 3265:"Aruba" 3140:7643527 2416:Bibcode 1828:future. 1801:rooms, 1765:), and 1763:lodging 1759:airlift 1230:(3.15) 1225:(3.43) 1220:(3.01) 1215:(1.69) 1210:(1.24) 1205:(0.77) 1200:(0.69) 1195:(0.56) 1190:(0.34) 1185:(0.39) 1180:(0.77) 1175:(1.73) 1165:(66.2) 1160:(68.9) 1155:(71.6) 1150:(71.4) 1145:(71.8) 1140:(70.3) 1135:(70.2) 1130:(72.9) 1125:(71.2) 1120:(70.7) 1115:(70.2) 1110:(69.1) 1105:(66.2) 1095:(79.0) 1090:(77.5) 1085:(78.8) 1080:(80.1) 1075:(81.1) 1070:(81.0) 1065:(80.1) 1060:(80.4) 1055:(80.1) 1050:(78.8) 1045:(77.5) 1040:(76.6) 1035:(76.6) 1025:(83.1) 1020:(81.5) 1015:(83.1) 1010:(84.4) 1005:(85.3) 1000:(85.1) 995:(84.0) 990:(84.2) 985:(83.7) 980:(82.8) 975:(81.3) 970:(80.8) 965:(80.6) 955:(89.2) 950:(87.3) 945:(88.7) 940:(90.3) 935:(91.8) 930:(91.8) 925:(90.3) 920:(90.5) 915:(89.6) 910:(89.4) 905:(88.0) 900:(87.1) 895:(86.5) 885:(97.7) 880:(94.6) 875:(95.0) 870:(95.7) 865:(97.7) 860:(97.0) 855:(95.5) 850:(95.4) 845:(94.8) 840:(93.9) 835:(93.0) 830:(91.4) 825:(90.5) 761:La Niña 757:El Niño 534:donkeys 506:Miocene 227:Neogene 180:Curaçao 126:Climate 66:69°58′W 63:12°30′N 4280:Panama 4270:Mexico 4215:Canada 4210:Belize 4034:People 3908:Police 3800:Cities 3760: 3638:Forbes 3147: 3137: 3129: 3044: 2982:] 2611: 2572: 2530: 2452: 2444: 2169:South 2146:North 1996:Dutch 1886:bario. 1805:, and 1794:(SDG). 1599:, and 1597:corals 1553:import 1545:corals 1539:, and 776:Month 738:Köppen 532:) and 475:norite 471:quartz 192:atolls 44:Region 4339:Aruba 4255:Haiti 4123:Index 4049:Sport 4029:Music 4014:Films 3964:Media 3758:Aruba 2984:(PDF) 2978:[ 2748:(PDF) 2680:(PDF) 2450:S2CID 2194:18.9 2191:43.2 2178:28.7 2175:11.9 2172:23.4 2155:12.3 2149:53.0 2129:12.1 2126:51.5 2107:20.4 2104:52.0 2085:17.5 2082:51.3 2063:11.3 2060:56.6 2057:East 2043:10.7 2040:28.3 2037:27.3 2034:West 2017:25.3 2014:31.2 2006:Noord 1937:South 1931:North 1893:Noord 1767:labor 1700:Green 1589:CITES 1388:] 1369:hotel 1330:77.2 1327:77.9 1324:78.8 1321:77.9 1318:76.2 1315:75.6 1312:77.8 1309:77.4 1306:77.9 1303:76.9 1300:75.9 1297:76.2 1294:77.8 1282:61.7 1279:11.0 1246:10.8 1233:451.1 815:Year 664:gecko 660:Anole 522:Goats 479:dikes 393:coves 184:fault 139:Aruba 4409:Saba 4225:Cuba 3888:Flag 3684:link 3269:DCNA 3251:link 3145:PMID 3127:ISSN 3042:ISSN 2840:link 2775:NOAA 2707:help 2609:ISSN 2570:ISSN 2528:ISSN 2442:ISSN 2200:6.8 2197:9.4 2181:3.2 2158:1.5 2152:8.9 2135:3.3 2132:8.4 2113:7.7 2110:4.6 2091:9.5 2088:6.9 2069:5.0 2066:5.7 2046:6.2 2023:9.7 2020:9.4 1973:Nr. 1910:East 1904:West 1575:and 1557:sale 1472:MPA 1442:pond 1361:SIDS 1291:(%) 1276:9.6 1273:7.3 1270:3.3 1267:3.1 1264:4.1 1261:2.8 1258:1.7 1255:1.5 1252:2.0 1249:4.5 1228:80.1 1223:87.1 1218:76.5 1213:42.9 1208:31.4 1203:19.6 1198:17.4 1193:14.1 1183:10.0 1178:19.5 1173:44.0 1163:19.0 1158:20.5 1153:22.0 1148:21.9 1143:22.1 1138:21.3 1133:21.2 1128:22.7 1123:21.8 1118:21.5 1113:21.2 1108:20.6 1103:19.0 1093:26.1 1088:25.3 1083:26.0 1078:26.7 1073:27.3 1068:27.2 1063:26.7 1058:26.9 1053:26.7 1048:26.0 1043:25.3 1038:24.8 1033:24.8 1023:28.4 1018:27.5 1013:28.4 1008:29.1 1003:29.6 998:29.5 993:28.9 988:29.0 983:28.7 978:28.2 973:27.4 968:27.1 963:27.0 953:31.8 948:30.7 943:31.5 938:32.4 933:33.2 928:33.2 923:32.4 918:32.5 913:32.0 908:31.9 903:31.1 898:30.6 893:30.3 883:36.5 878:34.8 873:35.0 868:35.4 863:36.5 858:36.1 853:35.3 848:35.2 843:34.9 838:34.4 833:33.9 828:33.0 823:32.5 812:Dec 809:Nov 806:Oct 803:Sep 800:Aug 797:Jul 794:Jun 791:May 788:Apr 785:Mar 782:Feb 779:Jan 699:and 677:and 662:and 614:Dori 610:Sapo 604:The 575:NOAA 553:The 436:and 397:boca 270:and 170:and 146:and 135:The 91:Area 3720:on 3135:PMC 3119:doi 3069:doi 3034:doi 2601:doi 2562:doi 2520:doi 2432:hdl 2424:doi 1522:in 1480:Cay 1188:8.6 741:BSh 495:Kyr 399:in 268:Ayo 4446:: 3680:}} 3676:{{ 3661:. 3636:. 3611:. 3593:^ 3520:. 3390:. 3378:^ 3362:. 3338:. 3292:. 3267:. 3247:}} 3243:{{ 3228:. 3196:^ 3180:. 3143:. 3133:. 3125:. 3113:. 3109:. 3081:^ 3067:. 3063:. 3040:. 3032:. 3028:. 3016:^ 3000:. 2950:. 2910:16 2908:, 2856:. 2836:}} 2832:{{ 2818:. 2773:. 2756:18 2754:. 2750:. 2723:. 2698:: 2696:}} 2692:{{ 2654:. 2630:. 2607:. 2597:19 2595:. 2591:. 2568:. 2558:28 2552:. 2540:^ 2526:. 2516:51 2514:. 2510:. 2496:^ 2486:. 2448:. 2440:. 2430:. 2422:. 2412:17 2410:. 2406:. 2327:. 2303:. 2286:^ 2270:. 2219:. 2163:8 2140:7 2118:6 2096:5 2074:4 2051:3 2028:2 2002:1 1809:). 1742:. 1698:, 1694:, 1655:: 1595:, 1555:, 1535:, 1531:, 1490:, 1486:, 1482:, 1453:: 1406:, 1386:nl 1379:, 705:. 693:, 689:, 658:. 652:, 646:, 459:. 4173:e 4166:t 4159:v 3750:e 3743:t 3736:v 3686:) 3672:. 3646:. 3621:. 3587:. 3566:. 3545:. 3524:. 3505:. 3484:. 3463:. 3442:. 3421:. 3400:. 3372:. 3348:. 3323:. 3303:. 3277:. 3253:) 3239:. 3213:. 3190:. 3151:. 3121:: 3115:6 3075:. 3071:: 3048:. 3036:: 3010:. 2961:. 2936:. 2891:. 2866:. 2842:) 2828:. 2803:. 2783:. 2733:. 2709:) 2705:( 2664:. 2640:. 2615:. 2603:: 2576:. 2564:: 2534:. 2522:: 2490:. 2456:. 2434:: 2426:: 2418:: 2359:. 2338:. 2313:. 2280:. 2008:/ 1895:/ 1563:( 1494:) 1444:) 1440:( 736:( 728:. 697:, 682:, 667:( 626:( 616:( 493:( 473:- 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.