810:
819:
259:
349:
1141:
384:
947:
553:
434:
881:
614:
1147:
987:
657:
1072:
160:
1041:
757:
748:
335:
872:
474:
1624:
370:
1221:
1209:
55:
1894:
94:
have lost their administrative and military functions and have become areas of localised patriotism. The communities are held together by their histories, and the emotions and sense of civic pride of the residents. Their roles have broadened so that in the 21st century, every important event –
365:
Their last Palio victory was on August 16, 1999. There is an expression in Siena, “The people of the Snail, drowners of saints.” In 1888, after losing a Palio, the contrada was so angry that they threw a statue of Saint
Anthony (patron saint of horses) into a well. The statue wasn’t removed until
1231:
The abolition of six quarters has always been surrounded by uncertainty. The deletion is traditionally traced to disorders related to the Palio of 1675. Some sources say that
Contrada Spadaforte (with support of five other Contrade), despite the victory of Lupa, claimed the victory for itself.
931:, now in the Province of Grosseto, that was the sea harbour of the Republic of Siena during the Middle Age. For this reason Talamone is considered part of the contrada and their residents can join the life and institutions of the contrada, provided they are active funders.
1235:
This tradition is not supported by contemporary records. The abolition came about because of poor organization among the contrade and their lack of participation in the larger public life of the city. This is discussed in the book of Balia.
1199:
were established, taking on functions like a clan in a tribal society. Consolidation over the centuries as needs changed has resulted in the number being reduced to 17 in the early 21st century. During the seventeenth century, some
1021:
It was the winner of the Palio on August 16, 2006, with
Salasso on Caro Amico. It also won the Palio on July 2, 2010, a huge upset over Nicchio, who was favored to win. Selva's most recent victory was on July 2, 2023.
1204:
were slowly dying out before their abolition, which took place officially in 1729. These districts were Gallo (Rooster), Leone (Lion), Orso (Bear), Quercia (Oak), Spadaforte (Strong Sword), and Vipera (Viper).
576:
s symbol is a porcupine. Its colours are white, red, blue and black. Istrice’s adversary
Contrada is the "Lupa" (She-wolf), since 1934. Allied Contradas are "Bruco", "Chiocciola", "Civetta" and "Giraffa".
926:
Onda is the only contrada to extend its domain outside the wall ring of the city. In fact one of historical duties of the contrada was to provide to Siena the soldiers to patrol the harbour village of
1563:
359:
makers. Chiocciola's motto is “With slow and deliberate steps, snail takes the field to triumph.” The district’s patron saints are the apostles Peter and Paul with a feast day of June 29.
46:, run twice every year in July and August. Each sienese contrada is named after an animal or symbol, with a long history and complicated heraldic and semi-mythological associations.
1398:
1583:
1573:
1277:
are remembered in the historical procession preceding the Palio di Siena: six riders with their helmets lowered, accompanied by a groom, parade in the ninth group of the
1685:
1645:
1484:
1665:
1532:
1232:
According to others, Spadaforte was forbidden to compete in the Palio, it can not rely on its actual influence area. The six "rebel" districts were therefore deleted.
1670:
421:
In August 2014, Civetta once again won the palio. On
September 19, 2014, members of the Civetta contrada held a street celebration in honor of their victory.
1707:
1660:
1608:
1558:
407:
s symbol is a crowned owl sitting on a branch. Its colours are red and black striped with white. Its motto is: "Vedo nella Notte" (I see in the night).
1593:
1525:
1475:
95:
baptisms, deaths, marriages, church holidays, victories at the Palio, even wine or food festivals – is celebrated only within one's own
1834:
1087:
1989:
1120:
is the adversary of both Onda (wave) and of Oca (goose). It is the only contrada to have two rivalries, making it the most contentious
1745:
1518:
190:
s symbol is a double-headed black eagle holding an orb, a sword, and a sceptre. Its colours are yellow, trimmed with blue and black.
1243:(known as Notice of Violante of Bavaria) in 1729. It defined the boundaries of the New Division of Contrade, which are still valid.
934:
Onda’s allies are
Nicchio (since 1684), Tartuca (since 1933) and Valdimontone (since 1781). Onda's adversary is Torre (since 1559).
1018:
s symbol is a rhinoceros at the base of an oak tree hung with hunting tools. Its colors are green and orange, bordered with white.
598:
as a result of it headquartering the order during the 14th century. The
Templars Mansion is located in its territory in Via Malta.
1498:
457:
s symbol is a flying golden dragon carrying a banner with the letter "u". Its colours are pink and green, trimmed with yellow.
1059:
Winner of the Palio, on July 2, 2009, with
Giuseppe Zedde on GiĂ del Menhir. Tartuca last won the Palio on 20 October 2018.
2063:
540:
Its allies are
Civetta, Istrice and Pantera. It currently does not have an enemy, as its rivalry with Bruco ended in 1996.
181:
Their last victory was on July 3, 1992 (Andrea de Gortes 'Vinegar' on
Galleggiante). They have had 24 official victories.
1829:
1361:
809:
17:
1493:
776:
s symbol is a crowned scallop shell flanked by two branches of coral. Its colours are blue, with yellow and red trim.
1808:
1178:
ram, with a blue shield emblazoned with the letter "u" for Umberto. Its colours are red and yellow, with white trim.
242:
s patron saint is La Vergine (the name of the Most Holy Maria). Her titulary festival is celebrated on 8 September.
818:
362:
Chiocciola's rival is Tartuca (Tortoise). Its allies are Istrice (Porcupine), Pantera (Panther) and Selva (Forest).
2053:
1798:
684:
s symbol is a female wolf nursing twins. Its colors are black and white, trimmed with orange. The she-wolf of this
1973:
1854:
304:, and consolidated in 1371 when they led the revolt to replace the Sienese council with a people's government.
301:
1869:
1813:
1738:
258:
209:
860:
The most recent palio win for Oca was in the August 16, 2023 race, with jockey Carlo Sanna riding Zio Frac.
1968:
1859:
1849:
1578:
1240:
1140:
520:
857:; it earned its title for its people's bravery during many battles fought by the former Sienese Republic.
348:
2058:
1803:
99:. Siena's organization was definitively revised in 1730 by governor Princess Violante Von Bayern, as 17
1056:
s symbol is a tortoise with alternating Savoy knots and daisies. Its colours are yellow and deep blue.
310:
Its patron Saint is the Madonna (Visitation of the Sainted Mary), and the Titulary feast is on 2 July.
480:
is an affluent area of the city situated to the north-east of the . Traditionally, its residents were
2068:
1913:
1879:
1839:
1731:
1034:
383:
946:
552:
1937:
1780:
1650:
433:
424:
Civetta’s allies are Aquila, Giraffa, Istrice and Pantera. Its rival is Leocorno (since 1960).
1942:
1874:
613:
328:. Its traditional animosity against neighbouring Giraffa (giraffe) ended, formally, in 1996.
986:
355:
is situated in the south-western corner of the city; traditionally, its residents worked as
1864:
1146:
880:
842:
s symbol is a crowned goose wearing around its neck a blue ribbon marked with the cross of
791:
656:
644:
Leocorno won the Palio of August 17, 2022, 15 years after its last win on August 16, 2007.
1338:
1071:
1047:
is situated at the southern end of the city. Traditionally, its residents were sculptors.
763:
is situated in the far eastern corner of the city. Traditionally, its residents worked as
159:
8:
1844:
1602:
1290:
1158:
998:
595:
528:
42:, the term indicates the 17 urban wards, whose representatives race on horseback in the
2025:
1640:
1040:
719:
689:
638:
498:
801:
Nicchio’s allies are Bruco, Onda and Tartuca. Its rival is Valdimontone (since 1952).
756:
366:
1910 and the district won in 1911. Its colours are red and yellow, trimmed with blue.
1952:
1062:
It is opposed to Chiocciola, while its allies are Leocorno, Nicchio, Onda and Selva.
747:
977:
Pantera’s allies are Chiocciola, Civetta, Giraffa and Istrice. Its rival is Aquila.
920:
1994:
1947:
1918:
1598:
1510:
1079:
994:
916:
888:
871:
826:
664:
621:
441:
391:
266:
175:
167:
82:
in order to supply troops to the many military companies that were hired to defend
1114:) with a tower on its back. Its colours are crimson, striped with white and blue.
373:
Fountain of the Civetta contrada, which is located outside of the contrada museum.
1775:
1588:
1083:
1445:
937:
Onda won the Palio of July 2, 2012, August 16, 2013 and 2017, and July 4, 2024.
473:
2048:
2020:
2015:
1695:
1675:
1613:
1550:
1295:
1278:
1225:
1213:
953:
is situated at the western edge of the city. Traditionally, its residents were
727:
223:
67:
43:
647:
Leocorno’s allies are Pantera and Tartuca. Its rival is Civetta (since 1960).
2042:
1699:
1655:
1632:
1568:
1373:
300:; its title was earned in 1369 by its people's bravery in helping to defeat
1314:
564:
1623:
38:) is generally a district within the Italian countryside. In the city of
915:(captain contrada) because in the past its soldiers mounted guard at the
580:
Its motto is: "Sol per difesa io pungo" (I prick only for self-defense).
286:
crawling on a rose. Its colours are green and yellow, trimmed with blue.
283:
79:
334:
249:. They have been opposed to the Pantera (Panther) contrada since 1947.
1908:
1435:
892:
563:
church, home of the city's oldest surviving fresco and burial place of
395:
356:
110:
has its own museum, church, fountain and baptismal font, motto, allied
1082:
in the centre of the city, and encompasses Siena's Jewish quarter and
1712:
1220:
1208:
637:, with the motto "Humberti regio gratia" ("A kingdom by the grace of
461:
won the Palio on July 2, 2014, July 2, 2018, and again July 4, 2022.
212:, out of gratitude for the warm reception he received there in 1536.
90:
and other nearby city states. With the passage of time, however, the
1470:
1025:
Its allies are Chiocciola and Tartuca. Selva does not have a rival.
1175:
971:
958:
928:
795:
634:
481:
205:
87:
1239:
The six quarters were officially abolished by the edict issued by
908:
describes itself as "The colour of Heaven, the force of the sea."
904:
s symbol is a dolphin. Its colours are white and sky blue and the
369:
1162:
1006:
954:
764:
502:
445:
54:
1005:
were mainly military, they had a reputation for being excellent
414:(grandmother) because it had not won a palio for over 30 years.
331:
Last victory- 16 August 2008. It has had 37 official victories.
1893:
1224:
The representatives of Oak, Spadaforte and Viper parade in the
672:
418:
won the Palio in August 2009, thereby losing the name "nonna".
226:
66:
to dress in ceremonial garb and parade through the city in the
1181:
It is allied with Onda and opposed to Nicchio, its neighbour.
559:
occupies the north-westernmost edge of Siena and contains the
464:
Drago’s ally is Aquila. Drago has never had a rival Contrada.
1754:
1542:
997:
in the centre of the city. Traditionally, its residents were
891:
in the centre of the city. Traditionally, its residents were
843:
693:
494:
394:
in the centre of the city. Traditionally, its residents were
83:
39:
338:
A snail decoration on a building in the Chiocciola contrada.
708:
697:
270:
641:"). Its colours are orange and white, bordered with blue.
1456:
1412:
830:
1723:
1399:"Drago wins first post-pandemic Siena Palio - Lifestyle"
751:
Parade of Nicchio contrada through the old town of Siena
245:
They are allied to the Civetta (Owl) and Drago (Dragon)
875:
Flag of Onda contrada hanging in the cathedral of Siena
863:
Oca has no allies. Its adversary is Torre, since 1671.
739:
Lupa has no allies; its rival is Istrice, since 1934.
497:, and a ribbon bearing the motto "Humbertus I dedit" (
1540:
1505:
scholarly article from political science perspective
1266:
Spadaforte was incorporated into Leocorno and Torre.
1254:
Gallo was incorporated into Civetta, Oca, and Selva.
1471:
Thepalio.com: Summaries of each individual Contrade
1184:Valdimontone last won the Palio on 16 August 2012.
1150:
Flag of Valdimontone hanging in the Siena cathedral
1134:
790:; it earned its title for bravery shown during the
62:builds, it is customary for members of the various
846:. Its colours are green and white, with red trim.
1131:They most recently won the palio on 2 July 2015.
567:. Traditionally, its residents were blacksmiths.
166:is situated immediately to the south-west of the
2040:
1494:Jacopodellatorre.com: Guide to Palio experiences
624:. Traditionally, its residents were goldsmiths.
1216:Parade for the memory of the Abolished Contrade
1157:is situated in the south-east of the city near
923:, after whom the main street in Onda is named.
688:refers to the legend that Siena was founded by
320:It is allied to the Istrice, Nicchio and Torre
174:(cathedral). Traditionally, its residents were
86:as it fought to preserve its independence from
974:panther. Its colours are red, blue and white.
546:
170:in the centre of the city, and is home to the
1739:
1526:
269:. Traditionally, its residents worked in the
527:in 1936, the year the race was dedicated to
390:is situated immediately to the north of the
919:. A famous member of Onda was the sculptor
798:in 1260, when its soldiers led the attack.
1746:
1732:
1533:
1519:
1485:ilcittadinoonline.it: Museums of Contrada
1078:is situated just to the south-east of the
813:The procession of the Noble Contrada "Oca"
718:museum's prize exhibit is a photograph of
1263:Quercia was incorporated into Chiocciola.
1086:. Traditionally, its residents worked as
222:s museum is home to the oldest surviving
1219:
1207:
1145:
870:
808:
746:
368:
333:
324:and not officially opposed to any other
53:
377:
27:District within the Italian countryside
14:
2041:
252:
1727:
1514:
1476:ilpaliodisiena.com: Contrade of Siena
1246:The six were incorporated into other
1187:
1028:
742:
607:
594:). It was bestowed this title by the
440:is situated to the north-west of the
410:For years Civetta was considered the
342:
58:In the summer, as excitement for the
1257:Leone was incorporated into Istrice.
1161:. Traditionally, its residents were
940:
829:. Traditionally, its residents made
825:is situated just to the west of the
537:won the Palio on 2nd of July, 2019.
519:). This title was bestowed on it by
467:
444:. Traditionally, its residents were
1564:Palio dei Borghi e Giostra dell'Oca
1269:Vipera was incorporated into Torre.
1260:Orso was incorporated into Civetta.
505:"). Its colours are white and red.
307:Its Sede is at Via del Comune, 44.
126:, typically a neighbor (only four,
24:
736:won the Palio of August 16, 2018.
667:. Traditionally, the residents of
650:
317:" (As revolution sounds my name).
25:
2080:
1499:"The Contrade, the Palio and the
1464:
980:
604:last won the Palio in July 2008.
596:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
427:
153:
145:
142:, have no declared adversaries).
1892:
1622:
1339:"The Contrade | by Siena OnLine"
1139:
1135:Valdimontone (Valley of the Ram)
1070:
1065:
1039:
985:
945:
879:
817:
755:
663:is situated to the north of the
655:
612:
551:
472:
432:
382:
347:
315:Come rivoluzion sona il mio nome
265:is situated to the north of the
257:
204:; its title was bestowed by the
158:
620:is situated to the east of the
493:s symbol is a giraffe led by a
1450:
1439:
1429:
1405:
1391:
1366:
1355:
1331:
1307:
866:
804:
122:have no allies) and adversary
13:
1:
1870:San Sebastiano in Vallepiatta
1378:Contrada Priora della Civetta
1301:
1099:s symbol is an elephant (the
529:Italy's empire in East Africa
78:districts were set up in the
1850:San Pellegrino alla Sapienza
1579:Palio Marinaro di San Pietro
1241:Violante Beatrice of Bavaria
7:
2064:Cultural festivals in Italy
1584:Palio Marinaro del Tigullio
1541:Historical competitions of
1284:
547:Istrice (Crested Porcupine)
10:
2085:
1830:Battistero di San Giovanni
1574:Corsa dei buoi di Caresana
1032:
722:, which he donated to the
521:King Vittorio Emanuele III
233:), which dates from 1719.
49:
2003:
1983:Gardens or public squares
1982:
1961:
1927:
1901:
1890:
1822:
1791:
1768:
1761:
1753:
1694:
1686:Quintana di Ascoli Piceno
1631:
1620:
1549:
1128:’s unique ally is Bruco.
1880:Santo Stefano alla Lizza
1835:Oratorio di Sant'Antonio
1413:"Contrada della Tartuca"
1273:Today the six abolished
1035:Contrada of the Tortoise
849:Oca is one of only four
561:San Vincenzo e Anastasio
2054:Urban quarters in Italy
1974:Santa Maria della Scala
1855:San Pietro alla Magione
696:, who were raised by a
633:s symbol is a unicorn,
1651:Giostra della Quintana
1646:Cavalcata dell'Assunta
1315:"The Palio Horse Race"
1228:
1217:
1174:s symbol is a crowned
1151:
911:Onda has the title of
876:
814:
752:
726:on its victory in the
374:
339:
282:s symbol is a crowned
71:
2004:Events and traditions
1860:San Pietro alle Scale
1814:Santa Maria dei Servi
1666:Palio dell'Argentario
1223:
1211:
1149:
874:
812:
750:
372:
337:
57:
1969:Pinacoteca Nazionale
1671:Palio della Balestra
1656:Giostra del Saracino
1362:Chiocciola's colours
1106:s original name was
887:runs south from the
792:Battle of Montaperti
782:is one of only four
378:Civetta (Little Owl)
196:is one of only four
1603:Contrade of Legnano
1343:www.sienaonline.com
1291:Contrade of Legnano
1281:Historical Parade.
993:runs west from the
700:. Because of this,
292:is one of the four
253:Bruco (Caterpillar)
2059:Culture of Tuscany
2026:March of the Palio
1708:Palio dei Normanni
1641:Bravio delle botti
1229:
1218:
1152:
1029:Tartuca (Tortoise)
877:
815:
753:
743:Nicchio (Seashell)
720:Giuseppe Garibaldi
690:Senius and Aschius
608:Leocorno (Unicorn)
513:contrada imperiale
375:
343:Chiocciola (Snail)
340:
72:
18:Civetta (contrada)
2034:
2033:
2011:Contrade of Siena
1888:
1887:
1721:
1720:
1680:Contrade of Siena
1661:Giostra di Simone
1609:Palio del Niballo
1559:Palio degli Asini
941:Pantera (Panther)
913:contrada capitana
707:s sister city is
586:has the title of
511:has the title of
468:Giraffa (Giraffe)
16:(Redirected from
2076:
2069:History of Siena
1995:Piazza del Campo
1919:Bottini of Siena
1914:Fortezza Medicea
1896:
1781:Cathedral Pulpit
1766:
1765:
1748:
1741:
1734:
1725:
1724:
1626:
1599:Palio di Legnano
1594:Palio di Ferrara
1535:
1528:
1521:
1512:
1511:
1490:
1481:
1459:
1454:
1448:
1443:
1437:
1433:
1427:
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1423:
1409:
1403:
1402:
1395:
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1385:
1370:
1364:
1359:
1353:
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1349:
1335:
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1326:
1325:
1311:
1173:
1143:
1105:
1098:
1080:Piazza del Campo
1074:
1055:
1043:
1017:
995:Piazza del Campo
989:
969:
949:
917:Palazzo Pubblico
903:
889:Piazza del Campo
883:
841:
827:Piazza del Campo
821:
775:
759:
706:
683:
665:Piazza del Campo
659:
632:
622:Piazza del Campo
616:
588:Contrada Sovrana
575:
555:
523:when it won the
492:
476:
456:
442:Piazza del Campo
436:
406:
392:Piazza del Campo
386:
351:
281:
267:Piazza del Campo
261:
241:
221:
189:
168:Piazza del Campo
162:
21:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2039:
2038:
2035:
2030:
1999:
1978:
1957:
1923:
1897:
1884:
1818:
1787:
1776:Siena Cathedral
1757:
1752:
1722:
1717:
1690:
1627:
1618:
1589:Palio del Golfo
1545:
1539:
1488:
1479:
1467:
1462:
1455:
1451:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1430:
1421:
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1406:
1397:
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1371:
1367:
1360:
1356:
1347:
1345:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1323:
1321:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1287:
1193:
1171:
1137:
1103:
1096:
1068:
1053:
1037:
1031:
1015:
1001:, but when the
983:
967:
943:
901:
869:
839:
807:
773:
745:
704:
681:
653:
651:Lupa (She-Wolf)
630:
610:
573:
549:
543:
490:
470:
454:
430:
404:
380:
345:
279:
255:
239:
229:(also called a
219:
187:
156:
151:
52:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2082:
2072:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2021:Palio di Siena
2018:
2016:Corteo Storico
2013:
2007:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1992:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1938:Chigi-Saracini
1934:
1932:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1905:
1903:
1899:
1898:
1891:
1889:
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1885:
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1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1842:
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1832:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1795:
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1788:
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1614:Palio di Parma
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1551:Northern Italy
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1465:External links
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1428:
1417:www.tartuca.it
1404:
1401:. 4 July 2022.
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1296:Palio di Siena
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1279:Corteo Storico
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1226:Corteo Storico
1214:Corteo Storico
1195:Originally 59
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1064:
1033:Main article:
1030:
1027:
982:
981:Selva (Forest)
979:
970:s symbol is a
961:and Steamers.
942:
939:
921:Giovanni Duprè
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728:Palio di Siena
692:, the sons of
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428:Drago (Dragon)
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313:Its motto is "
254:
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224:Palio di Siena
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154:Aquila (Eagle)
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68:Corteo Storico
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1865:San Raimondo
1799:San Domenico
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1489:(in Italian)
1480:(in Italian)
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1420:. Retrieved
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1382:. Retrieved
1380:(in Italian)
1377:
1368:
1357:
1346:. Retrieved
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1322:. Retrieved
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1250:as follows;
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1169:Valdimontone
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1155:Valdimontone
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1928:Palaces or
1845:San Martino
1457:ilpalio.org
1446:ilpalio.org
1088:woolcombers
867:Onda (Wave)
805:Oca (Goose)
590:(Sovereign
284:caterpillar
101:intra-muros
80:Middle Ages
2043:Categories
1909:Fonte Gaia
1804:Osservanza
1501:Ben Comune
1422:2020-03-29
1384:2020-03-29
1348:2020-03-29
1324:2020-03-29
1302:References
1188:Abolished
1124:in Siena.
893:carpenters
515:(imperial
396:shoemakers
357:terracotta
353:Chiocciola
302:Charles IV
1953:Salimbeni
1769:Cathedral
1762:Religious
1713:Sartiglia
1112:Lionfante
1084:synagogue
730:of 1867.
499:Umberto I
210:Charles V
34:(plural:
1948:Pubblico
1823:Churches
1792:Basilica
1696:Southern
1319:Il Palio
1285:See also
1275:contrade
1248:contrade
1202:contrade
1197:contrade
1190:contrade
1122:contrada
1108:Liofante
1101:contrada
1003:contrade
959:chemists
929:Talamone
906:contrada
855:contrade
853:(noble)
796:Florence
794:against
788:contrade
786:(noble)
724:contrada
686:contrada
628:Leocorno
618:Leocorno
592:Contrada
517:contrada
482:painters
326:contrade
322:contrade
298:contrade
296:(noble)
247:contrade
217:contrada
208:emperor
206:Habsburg
202:contrade
200:(noble)
176:notaries
148:contrade
124:contrada
112:contrada
108:contrada
97:contrada
92:contrade
88:Florence
76:contrade
64:contrade
36:contrade
32:contrada
1962:Museums
1930:Palazzi
1374:"Museo"
1176:rampant
1163:tailors
1051:Tartuca
1045:Tartuca
1007:archers
999:weavers
972:rampant
965:Pantera
955:grocers
951:Pantera
780:Nicchio
771:Nicchio
765:potters
761:Nicchio
639:Umberto
635:rampant
602:Istrice
584:Istrice
571:Istrice
557:Istrice
535:Giraffa
509:Giraffa
488:Giraffa
478:Giraffa
446:bankers
416:Civetta
402:Civetta
388:Civetta
273:trade.
136:Giraffa
103:wards.
50:History
851:nobile
784:nobile
673:bakers
294:nobile
237:Aquila
227:banner
198:nobile
194:Aquila
185:Aquila
164:Aquila
146:Siena
114:(only
106:Every
2049:Siena
1902:Other
1755:Siena
1543:Italy
1172:'
1126:Torre
1118:Torre
1104:'
1097:'
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1076:Torre
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991:Selva
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902:'
844:Savoy
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694:Remus
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671:were
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525:palio
501:gave
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459:Drago
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452:Drago
438:Drago
412:nonna
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290:Bruco
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277:Bruco
263:Bruco
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231:palio
220:'
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172:duomo
140:Selva
132:Drago
128:Bruco
84:Siena
60:Palio
40:Siena
1698:and
1212:The
899:Onda
885:Onda
831:dyes
734:Lupa
716:Lupa
714:The
709:Rome
702:Lupa
698:wolf
679:Lupa
669:Lupa
661:Lupa
495:Moor
271:silk
215:The
138:and
120:Lupa
118:and
74:The
1110:or
837:Oca
823:Oca
116:Oca
2045::
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1487:—
1478:—
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1387:.
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1327:.
70:.
20:)
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