610:
702:... a protest where a number of us chained ourselves to the bar in the Hotel Civic. Women weren't allowed to be served in the public bar -- that was the law in both NSW and the ACT. We had to use the saloon bar or the ladies' bar, where prices were higher, or to huddle out the back around the old kegs. They were also morose places, at least at the Civic, which was the only pub near the university. The public bar had all the spirit. We chained ourselves to the public bar. The bartender wouldn't serve us, but there were some sympathetic men who bought drinks for us. The newspapers trivialized it, of course: they wrote it up with the headline, "Women breast the bar".
797:
because the plan for Civic square is itself hexagonal. The surface of the saucer bears a relief map of
Canberra and the rolling countryside around it. At the feet of Ethos are indentations that represent the lake that was later to fill the space between the Civic Centre and the administrative part of the city. The bursting sun she holds aloft is symbolic of culture and enlightenment which the presence of Canberra's University, its research organisations and the Diplomatic Corps and so on give to the city". Bass regarded the work as his most important civic work. During the 1960s and 70s, pictures of the sculpture were frequently used in Canberra tourism images.
82:
823:
895:
982:
530:
406:
538:
712:
771:
54:
656:
922:
842:
687:
670:. The manager lived above the bank. Much of the Melbourne Building facing West Row was completed by the Commonwealth Government in 1946 and used as the location of the Commonwealth Employment Service. From 1944 to 1953, the Canberra University College was housed in the Melbourne building. On 11 April 1953 the Melbourne Building was severely damaged by fire, and the college relocated (it eventually became the
910:
to the ACT average of 43.5% and the
Australian average of 38.4%), while 13.2% did not state their religion, 9.7% were Catholic, 3.9% Anglican and 3.6% Buddhist. 16.2% of the population was born in China, 3.5% in India, 2.3% in England, 1.7% in Malaysia and 1.7% in South Korea. 50.8% of people spoke only English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 17.3%, and Cantonese 2.6%.
89:
1390:
906:, the population of Canberra City was 4,835, including 50 (1.0%) Indigenous persons and 2,155 (44.6%) Australian-born persons. 99.6% of dwellings were flats, units or apartments (Australian average: 14.2%), while none were semi-detached, row or terrace houses (Australian average: 12.6%) or separate houses (compared to the Australian average of 72.3%).
678:
under control, but was not extinguished until 2 am, more than 14 hours later. During the blaze, a section of the heritage listed building's roof collapsed. The fire saw the evacuation of 40 businesses as well as closures of several roads and the City Bus
Station, causing bus route diversions and major disruption to ACTION public transport services.
572:. Variations from Griffin's plan that affect City include the abandonment of a city railway and a reduction in the widths of some streets, including of London Circuit which was planned to be 200 feet (61 m) and was reduced to 100 feet (30 m). Griffin's civic focus on Vernon Knoll, now known as
793:
he intended "the love which
Canberra people have for their city to be identified with her...I want them to be conscious of her first as an image from a distance...then comes the moment when they become personally involved with her... they feel her looking at them, reflecting their love for the place".
792:
in 1959 and unveiled in 1961. "The NCDC intended that the work would emphasize that
Canberra is the non-political centre, the locale of commerce and of private enterprise in its best sense." The sculpture was designed to represent the spirit of the community. Bass interpreted this in the figure which
994:
909:
In 2021, 41.3% of the population were professionals, compared to the
Australian average of 24.0%. Notably 16.4% worked in central government administration, compared to the Australian average of 1.1%, although the ACT-wide average is a similar 17.1%. 55.0% of the population had no religion (compared
796:
According to the draft heritage listing, "The form of the work is highly symbolic. The figure is robed in a fabric richly embossed with emblems and figures representing the
Community. The shallow saucer on which the figure stands represents Canberra's nick-name "Frosty Hollow". The saucer is 6 sided
810:
in
Melbourne. The new pool complex included three pools; a blue-tiled seven lane pool; a 60 by 90 foot diving pool with a cantilevered reinforced concrete diving tower complete with 3m, 5m and 10m diving platforms, and six springboards; and a children's pool. Other facilities included a refreshment
677:
In 2002 a fire extensively damaged
Mooseheads bar, resulting in a partial roof collapse. On 17 February 2014, the Sydney Building was significantly damaged by a fire which began with an explosion in a ground floor Japanese restaurant adjacent to East Row around 9.45 am. The fire was quickly brought
448:, a picturesque park near the centre of the city with elm trees and oaks from early European settlement before the city was founded. It has a children's play park. It is popular with people on their lunch breaks and younger children from the surrounding areas. Civic also is home to the
881:
Canberra City is
Canberra's largest nightclub district and experiences high levels of alcohol-related violence. More than 600 assaults occurred in the city between December 2010 and December 2013, four times more than the next worst suburb in Canberra of
1006:
587:
Up until the 1960s, Canberra shoppers found the retail environment frustrating. Many did their weekly shopping in Queanbeyan, where the central business district was more compact. Major purchases were made in Sydney. In 1963, the Monaro Mall (now
579:
The first major buildings planned for the commercial centre were the Melbourne and Sydney Buildings, which were designed in the "Inter-War Mediterranean style". Construction began in 1926 and they were finally completed in 1946. Immediately after
813:"A feature of the new centre is its spaciousness. Garden plots and lawns covered with gay beach umbrellas surround the pools and a strikingly modern colour scheme, with deep blue predominating, on all exterior walls make an attractive setting"
694:
The Hotel Civic opened in 1935. It was constructed in an Art Deco style from Canberra Cream bricks. It was demolished in late 1984 through early 1985. The hotel was on the corner of Alinga Street and the eastern side of Northbourne Avenue.
652:. The Mediterranean influence was maintained by Kirkpatrick with Roman roof tiles and cast embellishments such as roundels. The buildings were originally constructed with open first floor verandahs which have since largely been glazed in.
857:. In 1989 it was substantially redeveloped and renamed the Canberra Centre. A further redevelopment was completed by late 2007, substantially adding to the diversity of retailers and services within it including a Dendy Cinema complex.
624:
in sketch form. The design work was finalised by John Hunter Kirkpatrick. The buildings were the model which establish the colonnade principle, an important design element throughout Civic. From 1921 to 1924 Sulman was chairman of the
1564:
767:. The old Playhouse, also from 1965, was demolished and rebuilt in 1998. The link between the Theatre and Playhouse buildings has been redeveloped to include the Civic Library and the theatre's bar and administration area.
805:
Construction for a new public pool started in October 1953 and the Canberra Olympic Pool was opened on 22 December 1955, right at the peak of national interest in competitive and recreational swimming leading up to the
1327:
1892:
516:
Canberra City has relatively low height limits on buildings for the centre of a major city: the maximum height of buildings in Civic is 617 metres above sea level, which is derived from the altitude of
1076:
1226:
568:, from the Civic Centre, the principal commercial area. The commercial centre was planned to be on what Griffin described as the Municipal Axis which was projected to run north-west from
584:, the Melbourne and Sydney buildings still comprised the main part of Civic and the Blue Moon Cafe was the only place to go for a meal apart from the Hotel Canberra and the Hotel Civic.
1885:
1572:
1878:
1274:
1167:
853:. Opened as the Monaro Mall in 1963, it was the first Australian three-storey, fully enclosed and air conditioned shopping centre. It was opened by the Prime Minister
1412:
1335:
1189:
17:
666:
The Melbourne Building was sold sequentially as independent parcels from 1927 until 1946. The corner of West Row and London Circuit was built specifically for the
118:
373:. "Civic" is a common name for the district, but it is also called Civic Centre, City Centre, Canberra City and Canberra, and its official division name is
1083:
276:
264:
1307:
1234:
747:
720:
81:
2014:
1609:
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1002:
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870:
569:
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architects and completed in 1961. Civic Square is sited within a primary axis of Griffin's design for Canberra which links City Hill and
501:
line terminates on Northbourne Avenue north of Alinga Street. On the western side of Northbourne Avenue (north of Alinga Street) is the
1684:
521:. This height limit is equivalent to approximately 12 storeys for an office building or about 15 storeys for a residential building.
334:
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1509:
883:
1284:
1669:
1649:
1175:
1699:
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312:
307:
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1704:
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1423:
1200:
346:
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811:
kiosk, dressing sheds, private change booths and 800 lockers. The pool complex, gardens and overall design were described
1930:
1634:
1529:
461:
319:
1477:
1939:
1721:
1694:
649:
626:
327:
815:. The pool was designed in 1953 by Ian Slater, architect from the Commonwealth Department of Works, and was awarded a
474:
are open areas of Civic for pedestrian traffic with many outdoor cafes. One of the longest running cafes in Civic was
746:. Griffin intended that the square be the 'heart of the city'. Civic Square was listed on the register of the former
545:
Before the development of the City of Canberra, there was no clear commercial centre for the area, other than nearby
424:, a three-storey shopping complex is Civic's main shopping precinct with a retail presence from the national chains
1975:
1966:
1921:
565:
554:
382:
Canberra's City was established in 1927, although the division name City was not gazetted until 20 September 1928.
1957:
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960:
671:
609:
2009:
1534:
1028:
413:
Some of the earliest buildings constructed in Canberra were the Sydney and Melbourne buildings which flank
111:
44:
964:
1716:
732:
724:
457:
391:
386:'s design for Canberra included a "Civic Centre" with a separate "Market Centre" located at what is now
1870:
1728:
789:
549:. Murray's store, considered the area's first retail store, operated from a house built in 1874 on the
518:
397:
vetoed this idea and only the Civic Centre was developed; the idea of the Market Centre was abandoned.
1902:
1254:
758:
366:
226:
1859:
1769:
643:
293:
533:
1929 picture of the Sydney Building looking across Northbourne Avenue from the Melbourne Building.
1819:
1814:
667:
1587:
698:
In 1965, the Hotel Civic was the scene of a protest about the segregation of women in the hotel:
1948:
1839:
903:
498:
467:
188:
178:
154:
1539:
564:
Griffin's plan separated the national centre, the administrative centre of the city, now the
494:
383:
1565:"Special series - Punch Drunk, part one: Civic remains a hotbed of alcohol-fuelled violence"
444:
sports store, several fashion outlets, and some eateries, among other businesses. Nearby is
1061:
807:
659:
637:
445:
281:
269:
1328:"60 tonne capacity excavator demolishes the Hotel Civic; photograph taken 30 January 1985"
1108:
8:
1854:
981:
785:
629:, and in that role was involved in the planning of Canberra and refining Griffin's plan.
613:
593:
573:
506:
471:
425:
340:
63:
1368:
894:
1824:
1453:
1312:
1279:
1113:
529:
437:
414:
1515:
1478:"AIA ACT Chapter: Register of Significant Architecture—Citation Canberra Olympic Pool"
1448:
1774:
1363:
731:
as well as many local cultural organizations, including the Canberra division of the
558:
405:
1834:
1829:
1809:
1754:
1623:
927:
845:
Height restrictions have limited the amount of tall buildings constructed in Civic.
754:
728:
486:
449:
250:
537:
493:, the ACT government-operated bus service, is located on East Row, Alinga Street,
1844:
1804:
1144:
850:
836:
739:
711:
589:
502:
453:
441:
421:
1619:
1505:
854:
576:, has not materialised mainly because of the way city building has progressed.
255:
616:, a pedestrian mall in Civic is a focus of retail activity and outdoor dining.
2003:
770:
743:
394:
133:
120:
67:
59:
822:
550:
1784:
1759:
935:
816:
686:
581:
479:
1272:
620:
The Melbourne and Sydney buildings were based on design principles set by
53:
1779:
621:
1900:
655:
546:
220:
1056:
King, H. W (1954). "Factors of Site and Plan". In White, H. L. (ed.).
1789:
1764:
763:
1273:
Rickard, Lucy; Westcott, Ben; Raggatt, Matthew (17 February 2014).
1259:
475:
370:
40:
841:
1794:
1617:
561:, to the east of what is now Nerang Pool. It burnt down in 1923.
510:
1074:
959:
633:
490:
238:
1799:
433:
232:
1391:"Civic Square Complex, London Cct, Canberra, ACT, Australia"
1308:"Civic chaos continues as Sydney Building fire investigated"
865:
Civic has a number of heritage-listed buildings including:
648:(Foundling Hospital) and the cloisters of the 15th century
429:
1077:"Northbourne Plaza Project: Statement of Heritage Effects"
826:
Cantilevered concrete diving tower, Canberra Olympic Pool.
1227:"No shortage of help in fighting the great fire of 1953"
417:. The buildings house many shops, bars and restaurants.
1420:
Entry to the ACT Heritage Register; Heritage Act 2004
1197:
Entry to the ACT Heritage Register; Heritage Act 2004
1182:
599:
917:
1250:"Best to steer clear of 'out-of-control' ADFA boys"
1075:Philip Leeson Architects Pty Ltd (15 August 2017).
819:by the Royal Australian Institute of Architects.
721:Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly
604:
2001:
288:
29:Suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory
1886:
1603:
1530:"Reserve Bank of Australia (Place ID 105396)"
1359:"Vietnam and the women's liberation movement"
1034:. ACT Environment and Sustainable Development
641:
1558:
1556:
1305:
1247:
1893:
1879:
1610:
1596:
1143:. Gorman House Arts Centre. Archived from
995:"Search for street and suburb names: City"
980:
52:
1553:
18:City Centre, Australian Capital Territory
1134:
1132:
955:
953:
951:
893:
840:
821:
800:
769:
710:
685:
654:
608:
536:
528:
404:
2015:Central business districts in Australia
1504:
1190:"20032. Melbourne and Sydney Buildings"
790:National Capital Development Commission
14:
2002:
1563:Knaus, Christopher (2 December 2013).
1475:
1422:. ACT Heritage Council. Archived from
1334:. ACT Heritage Library. Archived from
1224:
1199:. ACT Heritage Council. Archived from
1165:
1051:
1049:
592:) opened. It included a branch of the
1874:
1591:
1562:
1528:
1129:
948:
1055:
999:Environment and Planning Directorate
860:
1748:in the Australian Capital Territory
1511:Opening of the Monaro Shopping Mall
1350:
1046:
849:Civic's major shopping mall is the
557:, within the present boundaries of
24:
1514:(Speech). Canberra. Archived from
1275:"Fire at Sydney Building in Civic"
871:Reserve Bank of Australia Building
830:
650:Basilica di San Lorenzo di Firenze
627:Federal Capital Advisory Committee
600:Notable buildings and urban spaces
25:
2026:
1583:
1356:
1306:McIlroy, Tom (18 February 2014).
1138:
757:was opened in June 1965 with the
209:1.5 km (0.6 sq mi)
1449:"Olympic Pool To Open To-morrow"
1225:Warden, Ian (19 February 2014).
1168:"History of the Sydney Building"
1166:Warden, Ian (17 February 2014).
920:
505:, which is the bus terminal for
436:department stores, as well as a
237:289 km (180 mi) SW of
87:
80:
1522:
1498:
1469:
1441:
1405:
1393:. Department of the Environment
1383:
1320:
1299:
1266:
1241:
1218:
961:Australian Bureau of Statistics
889:
706:
1159:
1101:
1068:
1021:
987:
681:
672:Australian National University
605:Sydney and Melbourne Buildings
231:116 km (72 mi) N of
225:90 km (56 mi) SW of
219:15 km (9 mi) WNW of
13:
1:
1476:Martin, Eric (9 March 2023).
1457:. 21 December 1955. p. 2
1248:Jean, David (12 April 2011).
941:
738:Civic Square was designed by
88:
1535:Australian Heritage Database
1058:Canberra: A Nation's Capital
1029:"City Precinct Map and Code"
632:Sulman's concept of arcaded
45:Australian Capital Territory
7:
1082:. p. 3. Archived from
913:
733:National Trust of Australia
725:Canberra Museum and Gallery
458:Canberra Museum and Gallery
400:
165:3,220/km (8,350/sq mi)
10:
2031:
1903:central business districts
1109:"Building of Civic Centre"
834:
555:St John the Baptist Church
524:
497:and Northbourne Avenue. A
462:National Convention Centre
201:577 m (1,893 ft)
1910:
1742:
1630:
642:
367:central business district
352:
291:
287:
275:
263:
246:
213:
205:
197:
187:
177:
169:
161:
149:
110:
106:
75:
51:
34:
1860:List of Canberra suburbs
876:
788:was commissioned by the
719:Civic Square houses the
644:Ospedale degli Innocenti
898:Metropolitan apartments
668:Bank of New South Wales
265:Territory electorate(s)
1141:"Gorman House history"
969:2021 Census QuickStats
899:
869:20-22 London Circuit:
846:
827:
777:
716:
704:
691:
663:
617:
566:Parliamentary Triangle
542:
541:Blue Moon Cafe in 1953
534:
489:predominantly used by
410:
409:Canberra City at night
365:is the city centre or
1540:Australian Government
1413:"10007. Ethos statue"
1062:Angus & Robertson
897:
844:
825:
801:Canberra Olympic Pool
773:
714:
700:
689:
658:
612:
540:
532:
408:
384:Walter Burley Griffin
1575:on 12 December 2013.
1237:on 18 February 2014.
1178:on 18 February 2014.
727:, Civic Library and
690:Hotel Civic Canberra
2010:Suburbs of Canberra
1855:Suburbs of Canberra
1518:on 30 January 2014.
1485:Architecture.com.au
1287:on 17 February 2014
1117:. 10 September 1926
1064:. pp. 209–220.
1009:on 23 November 2015
759:Australian Ballet's
507:Greyhound Australia
341:Lake Burley Griffin
277:Federal division(s)
134:35.282°S 149.1286°E
130: /
64:Lake Burley Griffin
1916:
1569:The Canberra Times
1454:The Canberra Times
1313:The Canberra Times
1280:The Canberra Times
1231:The Canberra Times
1172:The Canberra Times
1139:Green, Stephanie.
1114:The Canberra Times
900:
847:
828:
808:1956 Olympic Games
778:
717:
692:
664:
618:
596:department store.
543:
535:
415:Northbourne Avenue
411:
70:in the background.
58:Civic viewed from
1997:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1868:
1867:
1429:on 20 August 2006
1371:on 30 August 2006
1364:Green Left Weekly
1338:on 8 October 2007
1206:on 19 August 2006
1147:on 19 August 2006
1089:on 21 August 2017
861:Heritage listings
636:was derived from
559:Commonwealth Park
360:
359:
356:
355:
183:20 September 1928
139:-35.282; 149.1286
16:(Redirected from
2022:
1913:
1912:
1895:
1888:
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1872:
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1830:Rendezvous Creek
1755:Canberra Central
1749:
1624:Canberra Central
1612:
1605:
1598:
1589:
1588:
1577:
1576:
1571:. Archived from
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1520:
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1508:(5 March 1963).
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1367:. Archived from
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1283:. Archived from
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1233:. Archived from
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1174:. Archived from
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1005:. Archived from
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963:(28 June 2022).
957:
930:
928:Australia portal
925:
924:
923:
755:Canberra Theatre
729:Canberra Theatre
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646:
519:Parliament House
450:Canberra Theatre
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251:Canberra Central
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1845:Molonglo Valley
1747:
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1626:
1616:
1586:
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1506:Menzies, Robert
1503:
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851:Canberra Centre
839:
837:Canberra Centre
833:
831:Canberra Centre
803:
780:A sculpture of
748:National Estate
740:Yuncken Freeman
709:
684:
607:
602:
590:Canberra Centre
527:
503:Jolimont Centre
454:Casino Canberra
440:supermarket, a
422:Canberra Centre
403:
390:. However then
162: • Density
138:
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132:
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39:
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23:
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15:
12:
11:
5:
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2018:
2017:
2012:
1995:
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1989:
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1964:
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1955:
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1937:
1935:
1928:
1926:
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1911:
1908:
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904:2021 census
682:Hotel Civic
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594:David Jones
495:Mort Street
487:bus station
426:David Jones
189:Postcode(s)
170:Established
155:2021 census
137: /
125:149°07′43″E
112:Coordinates
2004:Categories
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942:References
660:Glebe Park
547:Queanbeyan
499:light rail
476:Gus's Cafe
446:Glebe Park
335:Yarralumla
221:Queanbeyan
150:Population
122:35°16′55″S
1931:Melbourne
1790:Gungahlin
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1121:24 August
1093:21 August
884:Belconnen
764:Swan Lake
662:in Spring
614:City Walk
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270:Kurrajong
198:Elevation
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1949:Adelaide
1940:Brisbane
1851:See also
1685:O'Connor
1670:Duntroon
1650:Campbell
1490:1 August
1461:1 August
1260:Adelaide
914:See also
786:Tom Bass
485:A local
460:and the
401:Overview
371:Canberra
282:Canberra
247:District
227:Goulburn
214:Location
179:Gazetted
41:Canberra
1825:Tennent
1795:Stromlo
1700:Russell
1680:Lyneham
1675:Hackett
1660:Dickson
1645:Braddon
1640:Ainslie
974:14 July
902:At the
634:loggias
525:History
511:Murrays
388:Russell
313:Braddon
308:Braddon
294:Suburbs
43:,
1976:Darwin
1967:Hobart
1922:Sydney
1775:Majura
1710:Watson
1705:Turner
1690:Parkes
1665:Downer
1433:16 May
1375:16 May
1342:16 May
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1151:16 May
491:ACTION
347:Parkes
303:Turner
239:Sydney
1958:Perth
1835:Booth
1810:Coree
1800:Kowen
1635:Acton
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877:Crime
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434:Big W
363:Civic
324:Civic
320:Acton
233:Cooma
95:Civic
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1655:City
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753:The
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