376:
357:
present between July and
October. The fruit take several months to mature and are usually ripe by February. The fruit are about the same size as an olive and are green as they ripen. Once mature they turn a dark purplish color. There are normally several black seeds per fruit. The seeds are protected by a white fleshy interior surrounded by a rubbery, gum-like covering. When cut, the seeds ooze a milky white liquid. The seeds are dispersed by birds. They eat the fruit and disperse the seeds in their feces. These trees grow at a slow pace throughout their development.
344:
33:
82:
340:
between July and
October, producing matured fruit in February. Puerto Rico is an example of a place where they only flower part of the year. The flowers are small and creamy yellow in color. They have 5 petals and 5 stamens. The flowers inflorescence is fasciculate. The fruit that form are dark purple when ripe and have a gum-like skin that covers an inner whitish flesh. They resemble an olive in size. The fruits are edible, albeit very chewy. They have several black seeds.
57:
335:
plates. It is gray-brown in color. Typically they have only one trunk. The twigs are thin and brown in color. The branches droop slightly as the tree matures. The leaves are alternate and are a shiny dark green on top and light brown on the bottom. They are simple leaf types with pinnate venation. The leaves are
408:
can grow in a variety of soil types, including clay, sand, loam, alkaline or acidic, and well-drained or moist. They grow in the sand and shallow clay in Puerto Rico, while in
Florida they are known to grow in pinelands and hammocks. They grow well in low elevation moist secondary forests. They have
339:
and range in length from 3 to 11 cm (1.2 to 4.3 in). The breadth of the leaves ranges from 2 to 5 cm (0.79 to 1.97 in). The leaves are evergreen so they are present year round. These trees flower all year round in some places, such as
Florida, and in other places they only flower
334:
Individuals of the species are generally shrubs or small trees between 3 and 5 m (9.8 and 16.4 ft) in height, but under good growing conditions they can reach up to 10 meters (33 feet) tall. The trunks can be around 30 cm (12 in) in diameter. The bark is thin with fissures and
356:
The flowers are small, usually about 3 to 5 mm (0.12 to 0.20 in) in diameter, and have a creamy yellow color. They are pollinated by insects. In
Florida, the flowers are present all year round and so are the fruit. However, in some places, for example Puerto Rico, the flowers are only
285:. It gets the name "satinleaf" from the distinctive colors of the leaves. The top of the leaf is dark green while the bottom is light brown or copper. This distinctive look makes it a very aesthetically pleasing tree that is commonly used as an ornamental in yards and public spaces.
409:
a low to moderate tolerance of salt and a moderate tolerance of drought. They can withstand pH between 5 and 8. As mentioned earlier, they can be severely damaged by freezing temperatures below 0 °C.
372:
in Hawaii and has been naturalized in French
Polynesia. They live in warmer, tropical climates because they do not do well with cold and can be severely damaged by temperatures lower than 0 °C.
433:
Hard, heavy, and strong, the wood of the tree is used in construction. It is difficult to carve but good for things such as fence posts, rafters, and other situations where a strong beam is needed.
729:
368:
is native to
Florida, the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles, and Belize. It is also used as a decorative tree in many tropical countries. It has been declared
694:
611:"Multi-gene phylogeny of the pantropical subfamily Chrysophylloideae (Sapotaceae): Evidence of generic polyphyly and extensive morphological homoplasy"
959:
1024:
1140:
705:
1073:
907:
985:
920:
588:
559:
550:
990:
580:
1170:
293:
The satinleaf was one of the many species described by
Linnaeus, appearing for the first time in the tenth edition of his
397:
is invasive in Hawaii. No specific actions are being funded to remove this species, but its cultivation is discouraged.
823:
451:
1165:
1029:
1150:
946:
736:
1091:
709:
555:
899:
81:
972:
842:
658:
1086:
925:
541:
515:
510:
452:
Botanic
Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) & IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2021).
375:
1155:
1039:
476:
1160:
391:
in the wild, although many can still be found in south
Florida owing to their role as ornamentals.
1016:
1078:
1145:
964:
894:
785:
322:
198:
1052:
1003:
868:
8:
46:
834:
1112:
632:
388:
222:
76:
1065:
453:
1047:
855:
627:
610:
303:
847:
636:
436:
It is also used as a decorative tree for yards, sidewalks, and other public spaces.
1117:
860:
622:
471:
369:
270:
343:
295:
119:
1060:
808:
106:
501:
32:
1134:
998:
462:
320:
is in a clade with other members of the genus. It is most closely related to
214:
175:
66:
61:
1104:
977:
1011:
933:
817:
912:
165:
938:
336:
881:
779:
1099:
802:
312:
155:
145:
132:
951:
886:
762:
873:
609:
Swenson, Ulf; Richardson, James E.; Bartish, Igor V. (2008).
269:, is a medium-sized tree native to Florida, the Bahamas, the
93:
735:. Hawaii's State Alien Species Coordinator. Archived from
608:
302:
A combined DNA and morphological study of the subfamily
425:
have edible fruit, which are generally eaten fresh.
1132:
760:
724:
722:
477:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T62407A150107536.en
730:"Hawaii's Most Invasive Horticultural Plants"
719:
706:International Institute of Tropical Forestry
347:The leaves are ovate with pinnate venation
55:
31:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
661:. The Institute for Regional Conservation
626:
475:
374:
342:
692:
589:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
560:United States Department of Agriculture
551:Germplasm Resources Information Network
1133:
673:
652:
650:
648:
646:
602:
536:
534:
532:
496:
494:
400:
316:, to be highly polyphyletic, and that
784:
783:
763:"Chrysophyllum oliviforme: Satinleaf"
754:
351:
1040:795b1043-be39-4ce1-b7ee-72ec17906ad1
1141:IUCN Red List least concern species
643:
573:
529:
491:
463:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
445:
13:
273:, and Belize. It is also known as
14:
1182:
379:Distribution in the United States
1092:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786504-1
656:
628:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00235.x
80:
761:Gilman, Edward; Dennis Watson.
693:Francis, John (February 2016).
360:
329:
1:
556:Agricultural Research Service
439:
428:
40:Leaves and fruits in Florida
7:
1171:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
306:found the two main genera,
288:
10:
1187:
516:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
511:Plants of the World Online
16:Species of flowering plant
792:
228:
221:
204:
197:
77:Scientific classification
75:
53:
44:
39:
30:
23:
1166:Plants described in 1759
824:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
794:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
697:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
583:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
544:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
504:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
456:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
423:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
412:
406:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
395:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
385:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
366:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
265:, commonly known as the
262:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
208:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
25:Chrysophyllum oliviforme
765:. University of Florida
417:
1151:Flora of the Caribbean
470:: e.T62407A150107536.
380:
348:
248:Guersentia oliviformis
232:Cynodendron oliviforme
378:
346:
240:Dactimala oliviformis
715:on 29 November 2014.
742:on 29 November 2014
401:Habitat and ecology
47:Conservation status
381:
352:Flowers and fruits
349:
318:C. oliviforme
190:C. oliviforme
1128:
1127:
1048:Open Tree of Life
786:Taxon identifiers
304:Chrysophylloideae
258:
257:
252:
244:
236:
70:
1178:
1156:Flora of Florida
1121:
1120:
1108:
1107:
1095:
1094:
1082:
1081:
1069:
1068:
1056:
1055:
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1033:
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1020:
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942:
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772:
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758:
752:
751:
749:
747:
741:
734:
726:
717:
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714:
708:. Archived from
703:
690:
671:
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654:
641:
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630:
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577:
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271:Greater Antilles
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85:
84:
64:
59:
58:
35:
21:
20:
1186:
1185:
1181:
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1177:
1176:
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1161:Flora of Mexico
1131:
1130:
1129:
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989:
984:
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945:
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932:
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919:
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846:
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831:
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766:
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732:
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674:
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607:
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579:
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564:
562:
540:
539:
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518:
500:
499:
492:
482:
480:
450:
446:
442:
431:
420:
415:
403:
363:
354:
332:
323:C. cainito
296:Systema Naturae
291:
279:wild star-apple
217:
212:
206:
193:
79:
71:
60:
56:
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1184:
1174:
1173:
1168:
1163:
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1153:
1148:
1143:
1126:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1118:wfo-0000856745
1109:
1096:
1083:
1070:
1057:
1044:
1034:
1021:
1008:
995:
982:
969:
956:
943:
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917:
904:
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878:
865:
852:
839:
829:
814:
798:
796:
790:
789:
777:
776:
753:
718:
672:
657:Gann, George.
642:
621:(6): 1006–31.
601:
572:
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362:
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256:
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237:
235:(L.) Baehni
226:
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9:
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1172:
1169:
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1164:
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1146:Chrysophyllum
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1142:
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1138:
1136:
1119:
1114:
1110:
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1101:
1097:
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459:
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426:
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410:
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387:is listed as
386:
377:
373:
371:
367:
358:
345:
341:
338:
327:
325:
324:
319:
315:
314:
309:
308:Chrysophyllum
305:
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264:
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249:
246:
241:
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211:
209:
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200:
199:Binomial name
196:
192:
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179:
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177:Chrysophyllum
174:
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107:Tracheophytes
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102:
99:
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88:
83:
78:
74:
68:
63:
62:Least Concern
52:
48:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
793:
767:. Retrieved
756:
744:. Retrieved
737:the original
710:the original
696:
663:. Retrieved
618:
614:
604:
592:. Retrieved
582:
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563:. Retrieved
549:
543:
519:. Retrieved
509:
503:
481:. Retrieved
467:
461:
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404:
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384:
382:
365:
364:
361:Distribution
355:
333:
321:
317:
311:
307:
301:
294:
292:
283:saffron-tree
282:
278:
274:
266:
261:
260:
259:
251:(L.) Raf.
247:
243:(L.) Raf.
239:
231:
207:
205:
189:
188:
176:
139:
126:
113:
100:
24:
18:
1012:NatureServe
934:iNaturalist
818:Wikispecies
659:"Satinleaf"
383:In Florida
330:Description
275:damson plum
120:Angiosperms
1135:Categories
1061:Plant List
615:Cladistics
440:References
429:Other uses
389:endangered
166:Sapotaceae
1066:kew-40216
900:250092178
299:in 1759.
267:satinleaf
184:Species:
90:Kingdom:
1105:28700676
1100:Tropicos
1017:2.146601
965:10604415
952:786504-1
848:51285047
809:Q5114905
803:Wikidata
637:85192293
370:invasive
313:Pouteria
289:Taxonomy
223:Synonyms
162:Family:
156:Ericales
146:Asterids
133:Eudicots
67:IUCN 3.1
913:2885793
874:1148120
769:30 June
746:30 June
665:30 June
172:Genus:
152:Order:
94:Plantae
65: (
1074:PLANTS
1053:692364
1037:NZOR:
991:501507
939:160546
832:AoFP:
635:
594:12 May
565:12 May
521:12 May
483:12 May
1030:13425
1004:62407
978:16552
960:IRMNG
926:70175
887:CSFOL
861:5YQNL
740:(PDF)
733:(PDF)
713:(PDF)
702:(PDF)
633:S2CID
413:Usage
337:ovate
140:Clade
127:Clade
114:Clade
101:Clade
1087:POWO
1079:CHOL
1025:NCBI
999:IUCN
986:ITIS
947:IPNI
921:GRIN
908:GBIF
882:EPPO
843:APNI
835:3582
771:2012
748:2012
667:2012
596:2022
567:2022
523:2022
485:2022
468:2021
418:Food
310:and
281:and
1113:WFO
973:ISC
895:FNA
869:EoL
856:CoL
699:L."
623:doi
472:doi
1137::
1115::
1102::
1089::
1076::
1063::
1050::
1027::
1014::
1001::
988::
975::
962::
949::
936::
923::
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897::
884::
871::
858::
845::
820::
805::
721:^
704:.
675:^
645:^
631:.
619:24
617:.
613:.
587:.
558:,
554:.
548:.
531:^
514:.
508:.
493:^
466:.
460:.
326:.
277:,
215:L.
142::
129::
116::
103::
773:.
750:.
695:"
669:.
639:.
625::
598:.
585:"
581:"
569:.
546:"
542:"
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506:"
502:"
487:.
474::
458:"
454:"
69:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
