Christendom - Knowledge

1831:(clergy). The last group, though small in number, monopolized the instruments and opportunities of culture, and ruled with almost unlimited sway half of the most powerful continent on the globe. The clergy, like Plato's guardians, were placed in authority... by their talent as shown in ecclesiastical studies and administration, by their disposition to a life of meditation and simplicity, and ... by the influence of their relatives with the powers of state and church. In the latter half of the period in which they ruled , the clergy were as free from family cares as even Plato could desire ... Celibacy was part of the psychological structure of the power of the clergy; for on the one hand they were unimpeded by the narrowing egoism of the family, and on the other their apparent superiority to the call of the flesh added to the awe in which lay sinners held them.... 2182:

established, the empire of universal peace, all-permeating rational art, and philosophical worship, is mentioned no more. An unformulated conception, the prerational ethics of private privilege and national unity, fills the background of men's minds. It represents feudal traditions rather than the tendency really involved in contemporary industry, science, or philanthropy. Those dark ages, from which our political practice is derived, had a political theory which we should do well to study; for their theory about a universal empire and a Catholic church was in turn the echo of a former age of reason, when a few men conscious of ruling the world had for a moment sought to survey it as a whole and to rule it justly.

31: 1597: 2363: 755: 1445: 2102:). The Catholic Church fell partly into general neglect under the Renaissance Popes, whose inability to govern the Church by showing personal example of high moral standards set the climate for what would ultimately become the Protestant Reformation. During the Renaissance, the papacy was mainly run by the wealthy families and also had strong secular interests. To safeguard Rome and the connected Papal States the popes became necessarily involved in temporal matters, even leading armies, as the great patron of arts 2805: 2522: 2119:

its myths and meanings for the peoples of Europe from the Middle Ages to modern times... Under the patronage of the popes, whose wealth and income were exceeded only by their ambitions, the city became a cultural center for master architects, sculptors, musicians, painters, and artisans of every kind...In its myth and message, Rome had become the sacred city of the popes, the prime symbol of a triumphant Catholicism, the center of orthodox Christianity, a new Jerusalem.

59: 8879: 691: 8868: 3258: 3193: 3923: 3901: 3893: 3869: 3861: 3837: 3829: 3805: 3797: 1574: 3931: 2013:—helped to develop a sense of communal identity against the obstacle of Europe's deep political divisions. The popes, formally just the bishops of Rome, claimed to be the focus of all Christendom, which was largely recognised in Western Christendom from the 11th century until the Reformation, but not in Eastern Christendom. Moreover, this authority was also sometimes abused, and fostered the 1377:

staunch believers to the archetype of a holy religious space inhabited by Christians, blessed by God, the Heavenly Father, ruled by Christ through the Church and protected by the Spirit-body of Christ; no wonder, this concept, as included the whole of Europe and then the expanding Christian territories on earth, strengthened the roots of Romance of the greatness of Christianity in the world.

3078: 3590: 2914: 2472:) of Europe, as well as the Ottoman Empire, rupturing the Eastern Christian communities that had existed on its territory. The Christian empires were replaced by secular, even anti-clerical republics seeking to definitively keep the churches out of politics. The only surviving monarchy with an established church, Britain, was severely damaged by the war, lost 2625:. These hospitals were established to cater to "particular social groups marginalized by poverty, sickness, and age," according to historian of hospitals, Guenter Risse. Christianity also had a strong impact on all other aspects of life: marriage and family, education, the humanities and sciences, the political and social order, the economy, and the arts. 3954:

is used by many Christian churches to refer to ordination or to a group of individuals who are set apart for a special role or ministry. Historically, the word "order" designated an established civil body or corporation with a hierarchy, and ordination meant legal incorporation into an ordo. The word

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says that "Generations of historians and sociologists have discovered many ways in which Christians, Christian beliefs, and Christian institutions played crucial roles in fashioning the tenets, methods, and institutions of what in time became modern science. They found that some forms of Christianity

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One part of world ... has in recent years detached itself and broken away from the Christian foundations of its culture, although formerly it had been so imbued with Christianity and had drawn from it such strength and vigor that the people of these nations in many cases owe to Christianity all that

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No other city in Europe matches Rome in its traditions, history, legacies, and influence in the Western world. Rome in the Renaissance under the papacy not only acted as guardian and transmitter of these elements stemming from the Roman Empire but also assumed the role as artificer and interpreter of

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because of the moral laxity of these pontiffs and their willingness to seek and rely on temporal power as secular rulers did. Many in the Catholic Church's hierarchy in the Renaissance became increasingly entangled with insatiable greed for material wealth and temporal power, which led to many reform

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argued that Christendom had either fallen already or was in its death throes; although its end was gradual and not as clear to pin down as its 4th-century establishment, the "transition to the post-Constantinian, or post-Christendom, situation (...) has already been in process for a century or two",

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Christendom was originally a medieval concept which has steadily evolved since the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the gradual rise of the Papacy more in religio-temporal implications practically during and after the reign of Charlemagne; and the concept let itself be lulled in the minds of the

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Buildings were at first adapted from those originally intended for other purposes but, with the rise of distinctively ecclesiastical architecture, church buildings came to influence secular ones which have often imitated religious architecture. In the 20th century, the use of new materials, such as

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The enterprise of individuals or of small aristocratic bodies has meantime sown the world which we call civilised with some seeds and nuclei of order. There are scattered about a variety of churches, industries, academies, and governments. But the universal order once dreamt of and nominally almost

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applied by governments to societies. All human laws were to be judged by their conformity to the natural law. An unjust law was in a sense no law at all. At this point, the natural law was not only used to pass judgment on the moral worth of various laws, but also to determine what the law said in

1365:, defined (2001) Christendom as "the system dating from the fourth century by which governments upheld and promoted Christianity." Curry states that the end of Christendom came about because modern governments refused to "uphold the teachings, customs, ethos, and practice of Christianity." British 4266:

vary considerably today as they have throughout the last two millennia—evolving along with or counter to the societies in which Christians have lived. The Bible and Christianity historically have been interpreted as excluding women from church leadership and placing them in submissive roles in

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which reads in full, "Render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's, and unto God the things that are God's". This phrase has become a widely quoted summary of the relationship between Christianity and secular authority. The gospels say that when Jesus gave his response, his interrogators

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The whole issue had, in fact, become confused with the confusion of functions of the Church and State. In the view of the Church of England the ultimate governance of the Christian community, in things spiritual and temporal, was vested not in the clergy but in the "Christian prince" as the

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It is clearly noticeable that the popes of the Italian Renaissance have been subjected by many writers with an overly harsh tone. Pope Julius II, for example, was not only an effective secular leader in military affairs, a deviously effective politician but foremost one of the

4162:"marvelled, and left him, and went their way." Time has not resolved an ambiguity in this phrase, and people continue to interpret this passage to support various positions that are poles apart. The traditional division, carefully determined, in Christian thought is the 3949:

is a lineage of communities and organizations of people who live in some way set apart from society in accordance with their specific religious devotion, usually characterized by the principles of its founder's religious practice. In contrast, the term

1807:'s ideal state there are three major classes, which was representative of the idea of the "tripartite soul", which is expressive of three functions or capacities of the human soul: "reason", "the spirited element", and "appetites" (or "passions"). 7480:

Encyclopedia of Biblical Spiritualism; Or, A Concordance to the Principal Passages of the Old and New Testament Scriptures Which Prove or Imply Spiritualism; Together with a Brief History of the Origin of Many of the Important Books of the

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concrete, as well as simpler styles has had its effect upon the design of churches and arguably the flow of influence has been reversed. From the birth of Christianity to the present, the most significant period of transformation for

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presented on some websites, one that otherwise corresponds exactly with the Roberts-Donaldson translation, renders this passage to the interpolated inauthentic longer recension of Ignatius's letters, which does not contain the word

3272:, was linked directly to the divine for most medieval scholars. Since these Christians believed God imbued the universe with regular geometric and harmonic principles, to seek these principles was therefore to seek and worship God. 2770:. Virtually all Christian groupings use or have used art to some extent. The prominence of art and the media, style, and representations change; however, the unifying theme is ultimately the representation of the life and times of 7609:

The Renowned History of the Seven Champions of Christendom: St. George of England, St. Denis of France, St. James of Spain, St. Anthony of Italy, St. Andrew of Scotland, St. Patrick of Ireland, and St. David of Wales, and Their

3478:, great advances occurred in geography, astronomy, chemistry, physics, math, manufacturing, and engineering. The rediscovery of ancient scientific texts was accelerated after the Fall of Constantinople, and the invention of 1986:. With the breakup of the Byzantine Empire into individual nations with nationalist Orthodox Churches, the term Christendom described Western Europe, Catholicism, Orthodox Byzantines, and other Eastern rites of the Church. 1819:... For a thousand years Europe was ruled by an order of guardians considerably like that which was visioned by our philosopher. During the Middle Ages it was customary to classify the population of Christendom into 5301:

Catholic Church., Canon Law Society of America., Catholic Church., & Libreria editrice vaticana. (1998). Code of canon law, Latin-English edition: New English translation. Washington, DC: Canon Law Society of

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did. During these intermediate times, popes strove to make Rome the capital of Christendom while projecting it through art, architecture, and literature as the center of a Golden Age of unity, order, and peace.

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the established one were guaranteed the right to practice their faith in public during allotted hours and in private at their will. At times there were mass expulsions of dissenting faiths as happened with the

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invests objects or actions with an inner meaning expressing Christian ideas. Christianity has borrowed from the common stock of significant symbols known to most periods and to all regions of the world.

3955:"holy" refers to the Church. In context, therefore, a holy order is set apart for ministry in the Church. Religious orders are composed of initiates (laity) and, in some traditions, ordained clergies. 2318:'s doctrine that it alone is the one true Church founded by Christ. Subsequently, each government determined the religion of their own state. Christians living in states where their denomination was 3554:

provided the motivation to study nature systematically..." Virtually all modern scholars and historians agree that Christianity moved many early-modern intellectuals to study nature systematically.

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etc. Art and literature, law, education, and politics were preserved in the teachings of the Church, in an environment that, otherwise, would have probably seen their loss. The Church founded many

4124:(311 AD), persecutions against Christians erupted periodically. Consequently, Early Christian ethics included discussions of how believers should relate to Roman authority and to the empire. 3088:

encompasses a wide range of both secular and religious styles from the foundation of Christianity to the present day, influencing the design and construction of buildings and structures in

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The post-apostolic period concerns the time roughly after the death of the apostles when bishops emerged as overseers of urban Christian populations. The earliest recorded use of the terms

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of the ancient classical philosophers with medieval Christian theology. Scholasticism is not a philosophy or theology in itself but a tool and method for learning which places emphasis on

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Buringh, Eltjo; van Zanden, Jan Luiten: "Charting the 'Rise of the West': Manuscripts and Printed Books in Europe, A Long-Term Perspective from the Sixth through Eighteenth Centuries",

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dates the 'inauguration of Christendom' to the 4th century, with Constantine playing the primary role (so much so that he equates Christendom with "Constantinianism") and Theodosius I (

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in the world ranges from 2.2 billion to 2.4 billion people. The faith represents approximately one-third of the world's population and is the largest religion in the world, with the

4131:(312–337), Christianity became a legal religion. While some scholars debate whether Constantine's conversion to Christianity was authentic or simply matter of political expediency, 3353:, medieval Europe saw a radical change in the rate of new inventions, innovations in the ways of managing traditional means of production, and economic growth. The period saw major 2043:, western Christendom was a split between three men, who were driven by politics rather than any real theological disagreement for simultaneously claiming to be the true pope. The 2628:

Christianity had a significant impact on education and science and medicine as the church created the bases of the Western system of education, and was the sponsor of founding

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stated in 2001 that the end of Christendom came about because modern governments refused to "uphold the teachings, customs, ethos, and practice of Christianity". He argued the

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The blossoming of renaissance humanism was made very much possible due to the universality of the institutions of Catholic Church and represented by personalities such as

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Somerville, R. (1998). Prefaces to Canon Law books in Latin Christianity: Selected translations, 500-1245; commentary and translations. New Haven [u.a.: Yale Univ. Press

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Within the framework of Christianity, there are at least three possible definitions for Church law. One is the Torah/Mosaic Law (from what Christians consider to be the

2456:(1965) are two of the most important documents setting the stage for its end. According to British historian Diarmaid MacCulloch (2010), Christendom was 'killed' by the 4135:

made the empire safe for Christian practice and belief. Consequently, issues of Christian doctrine, ethics and church practice were debated openly, see for example the

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of the 17th century, when scientists shifted from recovery to innovation. Some scholars and historians attributes Christianity to having contributed to the rise of the

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beginning with the 18th-century rationalist Enlightenment and the French Revolution (the first attempt to topple the Christian establishment). American Catholic bishop

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and saints and other subjects were developed; the number of named types of icons of Mary, with or without the infant Christ, was especially large in the East, whereas

2581:, Christian culture guided the course of philosophy, literature, art, music and science. Christian disciplines of the respective arts have subsequently developed into 839: 765: 761: 4270:

Some contemporary writers describe the role of women in the life of the church as having been downplayed, overlooked, or denied throughout much of Christian history.

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of 1713. In the 18th century, the focus shifts away from religious conflicts, either between Christian factions or against the external threat of Islamic factions.

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movements, some merely wanting a moral reformation of the Church's clergy, while others repudiated the Church and separated from it in order to form new sects. The

1452:, which abstracts the then known world to a cross inscribed within an orb, remakes geography in the service of Christian iconography. More detailed versions place 10056: 6247: 2550:" has been intimately connected with the concept of "Christianity and Christendom"; many even attribute Christianity for being the link that created a unified 2257:. By the end of the Hundred Years' War, both France and England were able to raise enough money through taxation to create independent standing armies. In the 1403:" has been intimately connected with the concept of "Christianity and Christendom"; many even attribute Christianity for being the link that created a unified 5918: 3488:

is the set of artifacts and customs, spanning roughly the 14th through the 16th century. The era is marked by such profound technical advancements like the

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Christian majority countries in 2010; Countries with 50% or more Christians are colored purple while countries with 10% to 50% Christians are colored pink.

2024:, to root out divergent elements and create a religiously uniform community. Ultimately, the Inquisition was done away with by order of Pope Innocent III. 2512: 9921: 2310:("whose the region is, his religion") established the religious, political and geographic divisions of Christianity, and this was established with the 776: 4429:

Current sources are in general agreement that Christians make up about 33% of the world's population—slightly over 2.4 billion adherents in mid-2015.

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is a political ideology that seeks to apply Christian principles to public policy. It emerged in 19th-century Europe, largely under the influence of

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have been used to tell these stories throughout the history of the Church. A number of Christian saints are traditionally represented by a symbol or

2445: 1255:. The history of the Christian world spans about 2,000 years and includes a variety of socio-political developments, as well as advancements in the 3978:. They are organizations of laity or clergy who live a common life under the guidance of a fixed rule and the leadership of a superior. (ed., see 772: 768: 2721:

is writing that deals with Christian themes and incorporates the Christian world view. This constitutes a huge body of extremely varied writing.

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Professor Frederick J. McGinness described Rome as essential in understanding the legacy the Church and its representatives encapsulated best by

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is "at the center of the development of the values, ideas, science, laws, and institutions which constitute what we call Western civilization."

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figures of saints by a standard appearance and symbolic objects held by them; in the East they were more likely to identified by text labels.

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in gender roles in society and also many churches has inspired reevaluation by many Christians of some long-held attitudes to the contrary.

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The classical heritage flourished throughout the Middle Ages in both the Byzantine Greek East and the Latin West. In the Greek philosopher

1069: 3327:, the West carried on at least the spirit of scientific inquiry which would later lead to Europe's taking the lead in science during the 1180: 5085: 2577:, as the centralized Roman power waned, the dominance of the Catholic Church was the only consistent force in Western Europe. Until the 8538: 6812: 764: 5742: 1231:. Consequently, internal sects within the Christian religion arose with their own beliefs and practices, centred around the cities of 778: 10001: 8089: 6126: 4455: 1362: 777: 759: 5984: 2386:, mark the end of the geopolitical "history of Christendom". Instead, the focus of Western history shifts to the development of the 1967:

that included the East and the West. After the East–West Schism, hopes of regaining religious unity with the West were ended by the

9275: 8041: 7993: 3717: 2637: 7138: 5622: 2867:, sheep, or goat skin), but most manuscripts important enough to illuminate were written on the best quality of parchment, called 2479:

Changes in worldwide Christianity over the last century have been significant, since 1900, Christianity has spread rapidly in the

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types. Traditional models evolved for narrative paintings, including large cycles covering the events of the Life of Christ, the

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in 1648, which legally ended the concept of a single Christian hegemony in the territories of the Holy Roman Empire, despite the

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of France managed to establish a French national church during the 14th century and the papacy became ever more aligned with the

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of the empire. With Christianity in power, ethical concerns broaden and included discussions of the proper role of the state.

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is supplemented by the addition of decoration. The earliest surviving substantive illuminated manuscripts are from the period

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of 1555 officially ended the idea among secular leaders that all Christians must be united under one church. The principle of

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developed a reputation for corruption that estranged major parts of Western Christendom. The Avignon schism was ended by the

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produced ideas or institutions by which men living in society could be held together in harmony. In the early 16th century,

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is effective when it appeals to both the intellect and the emotions. Especially important depictions of Mary include the

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Christian faith, and often contain highly complex iconography, which reflects centuries of accumulated tradition. In the

1938:. The community was to be guided by Christian values in its politics, economics and social life. Its legal basis was the 1893: 1661: 774: 767: 562: 6178: 4592:

Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "christendom. §1.3 Scheidingen". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.

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appears to have been coined in the 9th century by a scribe somewhere in southern England, possibly at the court of king

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varies widely among these three bodies of churches. In all three traditions, a canon was initially a rule adopted by a

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postulated the tenets of the all encompassing order the Church had brought and as the repository of the legacy of

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made possible a dissemination of knowledge to a wider population, that would not only lead to a gradually more

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varied but, in theory, the national and political divisions were at times subsumed under the leadership of the

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The Celestial Cycle: The Theme of Paradise Lost in World Literature with Translations of the Major Analogues

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are communities of laity or clergy in the Anglican churches who live under a common rule of life. (ed., see

2993:. Christianity has used symbolism from its very beginnings. In both East and West, numerous iconic types of 1596: 1499: 9991: 9976: 9871: 8614: 7691: 4197: 4193:

the first place. This could result in some tension. Late ecclesiastical writers followed in his footsteps.

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with 79%. There are also large Christian communities in other parts of the world, such as China, India and

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of the 15th and 16th centuries, focused on the restoration of the natural knowledge of the ancients; and a

2621:. The Catholic Church established a hospital system in Medieval Europe that vastly improved upon the Roman 1590: 1021: 963: 17: 5112:

Boyd, William Kenneth (1905). The ecclesiastical edicts of the Theodosian code, Columbia University Press.

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has been great in any area that Christianity has taken hold. Christian poems often directly reference the

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in the Western world as the university is generally regarded as an institution that has its origin in the

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accelerated the process of transforming France from a feudal monarchy to a centralized state. The rise of

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stated (1997) that "Christendom" means literally the dominion or sovereignty of the Christian religion."

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Encarta-encyclopedie Winkler Prins (1993–2002) s.v. "Justinianus I". Microsoft Corporation/Het Spectrum.

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is art produced in an attempt to illustrate, supplement and portray in tangible form the principles of

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marriage. Male leadership has been assumed in the church and within marriage, society and government.

3748:. The largest Christian denomination is the Catholic Church, with an estimated 1.2 billion adherents. 1543:(1980), Christ founded Christianity, but Constantine founded Christendom. Canadian theology professor 10142: 9916: 9876: 9317: 8838: 8828: 8790: 8545: 8355: 8323: 8277: 8254: 5292:

Canon law and the Christian community By Clarence Gallagher. Gregorian & Biblical BookShop, 1978.

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and the Southern Hemisphere in general, by 2010 about 157 countries and territories in the world had

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on fiscal and economic issues. In places, where their opponents have traditionally been secularist

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and Third World countries. The late 20th century has shown the shift of Christian adherence to the

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where discernible in the organization, dogma and effectiveness of "the" Medieval Church in Europe:

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The History of Teachings of the Early Church, as a Basis for the Re-union of Christendom: Lectures

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Sketches of the women of Christendom, by the author of 'Chronicles of the Schönberg-Cotta family'

7238:"Global Christianity – A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population" 7111: 7051: 6813:"Gov. Pataki Honors 1700th Anniversary of Armenia's Adoption of Christianity as a state religion" 6598: 6558: 5775: 4903: 4456:"Global Christianity – A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population" 4136: 4067: 3745: 3563: 3493: 2787: 2633: 2569:

Though Western culture contained several polytheistic religions during its early years under the

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are usually taken to have ended with the Treaty of Westphalia (1648), or arguably, including the

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The ante-Nicene age ... is the natural transition from the Apostolic age to the Nicene age.

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The current sense of the word of "lands where Christianity is the dominant religion" emerged in

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kaneh / קנה, for rule, standard, or measure); these canons formed the foundation of canon law.

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Christendom: the Christian churches, their doctrines, constitutional forms and ways of worship

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Mother of All Churches: A Brief and Comprehensive Handbook of the Holy Eastern Orthodox Church

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Science, Religion, and A.D. White: Seeking Peace in the "Warfare Between Science and Theology"

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Stump, P. H. (1994). The reforms of the Council of Constance, 1414-1418. Leiden: E.J. Brill

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Angold, M. (1997). The Byzantine Empire, 1025-1204: A political history. New York: Longman.

4376: 3312: 3130: 3121: 2990: 2718: 2709: 2594: 2582: 2578: 2375: 2332: 2324: 2311: 2262: 2092: 2048: 1960: 1853: 1812: 1758: 1735: 1389: 1272: 1264: 1244: 1236: 952: 935: 817: 812: 328: 101: 6979: 5075: 4749: 1784:, resulting in the creation of another Christian king beside the Christian emperor in the 8: 10096: 9961: 9831: 9621: 9550: 9307: 9280: 9263: 9251: 9073: 9029: 8872: 8848: 8833: 8752: 8742: 8728: 8708: 8698: 8668: 8648: 8577: 8308: 8137: 8064: 7894: 7823: 7750: 7541: 7305: 7076: 5544: 4963: 4948: 4333: 4298:

ordains different roles and responsibilities for women and men in the Church and family.

4283: 4229: 4217: 4212: 4171: 3963: 3753: 3453: 3338: 3286: 3101: 3072: 3013: 3008: 2900: 2629: 2618: 2559: 2196: 2174: 2136: 2060: 1770: 1672: 1645: 1629: 1514: 1465: 1435: 1369: 1340: 1156: 892: 872: 807: 695: 690: 654: 409: 381: 323: 268: 190: 7607: 7596: 7585: 7563: 7519: 7509: 7498: 7491: 7460: 7449: 7438: 5331: 4475: 3145:, which means "that belongs to the school", and was a method of learning taught by the 1765:

was the last bastion of Christendom. Christendom would take a turn with the rise of the

1247:, whose community was called Eastern Christendom). From the 11th to the 13th centuries, 9816: 9732: 9722: 9555: 9518: 9448: 9387: 9370: 9324: 9234: 9148: 8962: 8747: 8693: 8604: 8594: 8385: 8300: 8249: 7859: 7552: 7350: 7081: 6476: 6235: 5676:

Europese democratieën: vrijheid, gelijkheid, solidariteit en soevereiniteit in praktijk

5103:

The church in the Roman empire before A.D. 170, Part 170 By Sir William Mitchell Ramsay

4789: 4351: 4313: 4291: 4083: 3390: 3109: 3025: 3002: 2959: 2645: 2539: 2453: 2391: 2343: 2234: 2169: 2144: 2077:

cast a jaundiced eye on "la verità effetuale delle cose"—the actual truth of things—in

2055: 1922: 1789: 1637: 1601: 1540: 1431: 1094: 844: 829: 434: 427: 318: 313: 298: 183: 111: 7417: 5414: 5370: 4360: – Principle that the Catholic faith should be the basis of public law and policy 2476:

due to Catholic–Protestant infighting, and was starting to lose grip on its colonies.

2160: 9946: 9848: 9836: 9821: 9801: 9712: 9659: 9631: 9613: 9416: 9292: 9285: 9098: 9046: 9024: 8952: 8784: 8663: 8569: 8493: 8392: 8365: 8284: 8232: 8182: 7941: 7909: 7904: 7899: 7889: 7879: 7828: 7424: 7379: 7357: 7316: 7287: 7153: 6746: 6720: 6689: 6658: 6634: 6631:

God & Nature: Historical Essays on the Encounter Between Christianity and Science

6626: 6622: 6418: 6191: 6162: 6059: 6028: 6018: 6001: 5952: 5890: 5866: 5860: 5839: 5833: 5789: 5779: 5722: 5594: 5239: 5209: 5165: 4991: 4872: 4844: 4800: 4784: 4764:"Christendom | Origin and meaning of christendom by Online Etymology Dictionary" 4708: 4644: 4619: 4566: 4547:"Christendom" means literally the dominion or sovereignty of the Christian religion. 4529: 4519: 4494: 4339: 4075: 4043: 3967: 3877: 3681: 3665: 3661: 3653: 3625:. The United States is home to the world's largest Christian population, followed by 3513: 3216: 3089: 2809: 2783: 2665: 2551: 2538:, and many of the population of the Western hemisphere could broadly be described as 2535: 2516: 2441: 2436: 2410: 2399: 2351: 2301: 2297: 2274: 2258: 2156: 2002: 1959:. This caused Christianity to become important to the Byzantine identity. Before the 1909: 1897: 1796:

in juxtaposition with the Byzantine Empire, that of a distributed versus centralized

1712: 1544: 1404: 1358: 1354: 1248: 1089: 824: 796: 746: 659: 629: 609: 542: 492: 420: 237: 96: 86: 10091: 7253: 6302: 5688: 5458: 5444: 1372:

described (2010) Christendom as "the union between Christianity and secular power."

1318:) and in need for a term to express the concept of the universal culture focused on 9707: 9697: 9523: 9471: 9375: 9239: 9128: 9078: 9056: 9051: 8982: 8528: 8370: 8345: 7924: 7884: 7627:

Christendom: a Short History of Christianity and Its Impact on Western Civilization

6913: 6655:

The Cambridge History of Christianity: Volume 8, World Christianities C.1815-c.1914

6410: 6406:

Picturing Roman Belief Systems: The iconography of coins in the Republic and Empire

5311:

Mango, C. (2002). The Oxford history of Byzantium. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

4241: 4167: 4113: 4097: 4017: 3705: 3673: 3505: 3445: 3398: 3296: 3282: 3220: 2971: 2955: 2722: 2713: 2473: 2371: 2164: 2028: 1948: 1847: 1843: 1762: 1708: 1665: 1657: 1649: 1633: 1444: 1296: 1041: 978: 644: 537: 288: 160: 91: 5595:"Peace of Augsburg | Germany [1555], Religion & Politics | Britannica" 5022: 4330: – Emperor Constantine's relationship, views, and laws regarding Christianity 4248:, whereas in other cultural and political environments they can lean to the left. 3393:. The development of water mills was impressive, and extended from agriculture to 10081: 10021: 9906: 9754: 9749: 9727: 9647: 9601: 9358: 9312: 9210: 9187: 9170: 9143: 8928: 8737: 8643: 8434: 8132: 7640:. London: A. & R. Mowbray & Co. (first published in Norwegian in 1953 as 7598:

The mistake of Christendom; or, Jesus and His Gospel before Paul and Christianity

7574: 7530: 7484: 7479: 6710: 6679: 5352: 4985: 4560: 4523: 4488: 4368: – Medieval term for international community of Christian peoples and states 4319: 4163: 4158: 4091: 4047: 3946: 3781: 3737: 3418: 3346: 3304: 3037: 2951: 2904: 2896: 2892: 2680: 2590: 2563: 2531: 2469: 2457: 2403: 2379: 2315: 2285: 2054:

Before the modern period, Christendom was in a general crisis at the time of the

1990: 1916:

exerted control over their temporal counterparts in the west and vice versa. The

1724: 1197: 1026: 1010: 983: 973: 930: 914: 834: 482: 391: 5580: 4224:. In a number of countries, the democracy's Christian ethos has been diluted by 3605:, Christianity was the majority religion in Europe (including Russia) with 80%, 2940:

Christian art began, about two centuries after Christ, by borrowing motifs from

10111: 10031: 9986: 9926: 9891: 9683: 9596: 9501: 9409: 9200: 9034: 8957: 8733: 8633: 8429: 8318: 8264: 8197: 8177: 7936: 7777: 7397: 7393: 7371: 6805: 6154: 5755: 5333:

The History of the Balkan Peninsula: From the Earliest Times to the Present Day

5023:"Impish defense of Christianity; The End of Christendom, by Malcolm Muggeridge" 4290:. Contemporary conservatives meanwhile have reasserted what has been termed a " 4271: 4225: 4177: 4148: 4132: 4059: 3633: 3584: 3489: 3449: 3414: 3308: 2845: 2833: 2804: 2672:, and family life. Christianity played a role in ending practices common among 2649: 2570: 2461: 2414: 2281: 2103: 2083:, composed, humanist style, chiefly of parallel ancient and modern examples of 2044: 2040: 1968: 1857: 1746: 1720: 1676: 1529: 1460:

Early Christianity spread in the Greek/Roman world and beyond as a 1st-century

1381:

There is a common and nonliteral sense of the word that is much like the terms

1366: 1304: 1240: 528: 487: 467: 338: 303: 155: 76: 7511:

Christendom; ecclesiastical and political, from Constantine to the Reformation

6520: 5998:

A History of the University in Europe. Vol. 1: Universities in the Middle Ages

5887:

A History of the University in Europe. Vol. 1: Universities in the Middle Ages

4763: 3482:

which would democratize learning and allow a faster propagation of new ideas.

2327:. Some people passed as adhering to the official church, but instead lived as 1920:

of Innocent III is considered the height of temporal power of the papacy. The

10126: 10066: 9951: 9866: 9811: 9671: 9591: 9486: 9336: 9329: 9222: 9175: 9068: 8924: 8658: 8589: 8439: 8147: 7787: 7782: 5807: 5771: 5080: 4981: 4413: 4307: 4233: 4120:. From the time Nero blamed Christians for setting Rome ablaze (64 AD) until 4023: 3813: 3741: 3685: 3610: 3606: 3406: 3402: 3158: 3142: 3125: 2775: 2763: 2758: 2586: 2547: 2465: 2006: 1624:. In essence, the earliest vision of Christendom was a vision of a Christian 1578: 1469: 1400: 1383: 1256: 1252: 1074: 968: 861: 441: 348: 145: 140: 8893: 6633:, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, pp. 5, 12, 6404: 6159:

God, Locke, and Equality: Christian Foundations in Locke's Political Thought

3632:

Many Christians not only live under, but also have an official status in, a

3530:

was the early phase of the Scientific Revolution. In the two-phase model of

3299:, which was the most sophisticated culture during antiquity, suffered under 10101: 9901: 9806: 9652: 9626: 9535: 9217: 9205: 9153: 9113: 9108: 8972: 8967: 8471: 8419: 8350: 8340: 8021: 7953: 7818: 7714: 7668: 7345: 6414: 6385: 5811: 5568: 4404:, a last bulwark of pagan philosophy, made rigorous efforts to exterminate 4245: 4201: 4185: 4144: 4117: 4101: 4051: 4031: 3709: 3618: 3531: 3516:

give a deep insight into the mechanical technology then known and applied.

2966:

period iconography began to be standardised, and to relate more closely to

2963: 2944: 2941: 2767: 2734: 2730: 2574: 2480: 2419: 2387: 2132: 2018: 1901: 1875: 1871: 1777: 1692: 1688: 1324: 1319: 1224: 1220: 1205: 1036: 1031: 887: 882: 397: 170: 50: 7212: 7074:

33.39% of ~7.2 billion world population (under the section 'People')

6022: 10041: 9789: 9784: 9776: 9761: 9586: 9491: 9302: 9138: 9103: 9083: 9063: 9041: 8523: 8486: 8335: 8187: 8162: 8059: 6545:

The Measure of Reality : Quantification in Western Europe, 1250–1600

5996:

Rüegg, Walter: "Foreword. The University as a European Institution", in:

5885:

Rüegg, Walter: "Foreword. The University as a European Institution", in:

5657:Žalta, Anja. 2004. Protestantizem in bukovništvo med koroškimi Slovenci. 4357: 4189: 4109: 4071: 3951: 3657: 3475: 3378: 3060: 3056: 3043:

Each saint has a story and a reason why he or she led an exemplary life.

2908: 2841: 2837: 2779: 2688: 2661: 2521: 2504: 2500: 2484: 2192: 2148: 2074: 2014: 1917: 1865: 1808: 1781: 1769:, a Germanic tribe who converted to the Christian faith and entered into 1613: 1552: 1449: 1288: 512: 472: 457: 343: 283: 227: 6027:(in French) (1st ed.). Presses universitaires de Rennes in Rennes. 3311:

had suffered a catastrophic loss of knowledge following the fall of the

1671:

The Church gradually became a defining institution of the Roman Empire.

1472:, when the first apostles were alive and organizing the Church, and the 9572: 9560: 9530: 9496: 9436: 9118: 8621: 8360: 8157: 7813: 7745: 6951: 6236:

Christianity in Action: The History of the International Salvation Army

4027: 3729: 3649: 3550: 3497: 3429: 3370: 3366: 3354: 3342: 3162: 3154: 3134: 3017: 2888: 2821: 2602: 2598: 2395: 2328: 2254: 2079: 1931: 1395: 452: 6024:

Culture, enseignement et société en Occident aux XIIe et XIIIe siècles

3028:, parts of the Old Testament, and, increasingly, the lives of popular 2840:, although many illuminated manuscripts survive from the 15th century 2640:

throughout history have made significant contributions to science and

2460:(1914–18), which led to the fall of the three main Christian empires ( 1600:

Spread of Christianity by AD 600 (shown in dark blue is the spread of

10006: 9843: 9578: 9540: 9133: 8947: 8778: 8626: 8461: 8451: 8444: 8402: 8397: 8192: 8152: 7044: 6585: 6543:

Alfred Crosby described some of this technological revolution in his

4409: 4345: 4237: 4055: 4013: 3637: 3437: 3362: 3358: 3269: 2975: 2860: 2676: 2653: 2606: 2555: 2289: 2250: 2088: 1963:

which divided the Church religiously, there had been the notion of a

1940: 1927: 1785: 1754: 1742: 1691:

included belief in "one holy catholic and apostolic Church". Emperor

1625: 614: 477: 447: 6878: 5745:, paragraph 13, published on 6 August 1964, accessed on 11 July 2024 5201: 2128:

and person who also encouraged open criticism from noted humanists.

1332:, where it denotes mostly the religion itself, just like the German 9996: 9692: 9513: 9341: 9256: 9195: 9158: 8167: 8036: 6830: 4405: 4121: 3479: 3440:

along with advances in shipbuilding, enabled the navigation of the

3374: 3265: 3257: 3146: 3138: 2967: 2933: 2872: 2864: 2746: 2692: 2610: 2432: 1994: 1972: 1905: 1861: 1609: 462: 333: 7133: 7131: 6780: 5793: 5413: 5369: 5283:

VanDeWiel, C. (1991). History of canon law. Leuven: Peeters Press.

5205:

The Rise of Western Christendom: Triumph and Diversity 200-1000 AD

5161:

The Art of War in World History: From Antiquity to the Nuclear Age

4791:

Farewell to Christendom: The Future of Church and State in America

3526:; science and technology began a cycle of mutual advancement. The 2644:

in particular have made numerous significant contributions to the

2084: 1811:

made a convincing case that certain prominent features of Plato's

9911: 9766: 9678: 8867: 8476: 8456: 8313: 8202: 7565:

Christendom, sketched from history in the light of holy Scripture

6500:

Murray, Michael J.; Rea, Michael (2016). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.).

5074: 3697: 3677: 3641: 3614: 3509: 3433: 3422: 3394: 3324: 3320: 3261: 3044: 3021: 2947: 2929: 2875:, though high quality parchment from other skins was also called 2859:. Most medieval manuscripts, illuminated or not, were written on 2856: 2825: 2684: 2099: 2032: 2021: 2010: 1913: 1797: 1731:, as well as an increase in literary output in vernacular Greek. 1680: 1481: 1461: 497: 222: 195: 7451:

A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom

7252: 6927: 6854: 6301: 2534:, throughout most of its history, has been nearly equivalent to 1664:

was accepted by various Church leaders and political leaders in

9931: 7683: 7128: 7020: 6996: 6902: 6774:"The Size and Distribution of the World's Christian Population" 6712:

Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths about Science and Religion

6681:

Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths about Science and Religion

5767: 4662: 4660: 4401: 4287: 4039: 3693: 3626: 3589: 3428:

Significant in this respect were advances within the fields of

3410: 3052: 3033: 2994: 2868: 2738: 2726: 2543: 1766: 1653: 1641: 1621: 1582: 1300: 1239:, whose community was called Western or Latin Christendom) and 1216: 1212: 649: 150: 7649:

Dominion of God: Christendom and Apocalypse in the Middle Ages

7568:. Published for the Author by Sampson Low, Son, & Marston. 7141:. Adherents.com. Archived from the original on August 16, 2000 6972: 6323:

Rholetter, Wylene (2018). "Written Word in Medieval Society".

5975:, 11. Auflage (1956), Tübingen (Germany), pp. 317–319, 325–326 4278:

have increasingly argued for equal roles for men and women in

4262:

Attitudes and beliefs about the roles and responsibilities of

3055:, in order to identify them. The study of these forms part of 2913: 2836:

and Italy. The majority of surviving manuscripts are from the

1679:

in 313 proclaiming toleration for the Christian religion, and

1573: 34:

Christianity – Percentage of population by country (2010 data)

9896: 9886: 9881: 9353: 9348: 8409: 7869: 7808: 7765: 7105:"Christianity 2015: Religious Diversity and Personal Contact" 5719:

The Cleaving of Christendom - A history of Christendom vol. 4

5265:

Shaping a global theological mind By Darren C. Marks. Page 45

4609: 4607: 4295: 4105: 4079: 4035: 3712:(Roman Catholic Church), Switzerland (Roman Catholic Church, 3689: 3622: 3594: 3441: 3421:

for raising ore from shafts, crushing ore, and even powering

3382: 3029: 2852: 2771: 2742: 2673: 2073:) laid out his vision of the ideal gentleman and lady, while 1998: 1804: 1504: 1492: 165: 127: 7423:. Washington, DC: The Catholic University of America Press. 6547:

and other major historians of technology have also noted it.

4657: 10026: 6056:

Richter's Scale: Measure of an Earthquake, Measure of a Man

5990: 3386: 3077: 3048: 2989:

is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, from

2986: 2111: 2027:

Christendom ultimately was led into specific crisis in the

1232: 897: 6657:. Brian Stanley. Cambridge University Press. p. 164. 4604: 3621:, where Christianity is the second-largest religion after 1729:

There was a renewed interest in classical Greek philosophy

5188:

The ancient world from the earliest times to 800 A.D. ...

4704:

A History of Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years

4528:. Eugene, Oregon: Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. ix. 3508:. Draw-books of the Renaissance artist-engineers such as 2096: 6815:. Aremnian National Committee of America. Archived from 6211:, Vol. 69, No. 2 (2009), pp. 409–445 (416, table 1) 4450: 4448: 4446: 4316: – Government that is both Christian and republican 4157:

is the beginning of a phrase attributed to Jesus in the

2237:

and European events brought change to the notion of the

10011: 6368:"Answering Eastern Orthodox Apologists regarding Icons" 6250:

The tendency to spiritualize and individualize marriage

5764:

The Next Christendom: The Coming of Global Christianity

4228:. In practice, Christian democracy is often considered 2829: 1558: 6910:"Church and State in Britain: The Church of privilege" 4843:. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors (P) Limited. 4294:" position, promoting the traditional belief that the 3752:

Demographics of major traditions within Christianity (

3593:

Relative geographic prevalence of Christianity versus

3133:

is a term to describe the fusion of various fields of

2778:. Depictions of saints are also common, especially in 1707:

of 380. In terms of prosperity and cultural life, the

1636:, whose institutions are spread through and over with 7583: 5139: 4565:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. xi. 4525:

The End of Christendom and the Future of Christianity

4443: 7572: 7554:

Latin and Teutonic Christendom: An Historical Sketch

7447: 7166: 6745:. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. 2010. p. 300. 6597:, The Biologos Foundation, p. 4, archived from 6072: 5949:

Mending Bodies, Saving Souls: A History of Hospitals

5827: 5825: 4476:

Merriam-Webster.com : dictionary, "Christendom"

3570:

List of Christian denominations by number of members

3389:. The latter advances made possible the dawn of the 1947:

In the East, Christendom became more defined as the

1837: 4562:

The Jews of Medieval Western Christendom: 1000-1500

4348: – Cooperation between Christian denominations 3051:associated with their life, termed an attribute or 2513:

Role of the Catholic Church in Western civilization

2292:in the early 16th century entailed a change in the 2186: 2087:. Some Protestant movements grew up along lines of 1227:, Christendom has been divided in the pre-existing 7550: 7492:The Civilization of Christendom, And Other Studies 7416: 7352:How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization 7349: 7213:"How many Roman Catholics are there in the world?" 7097: 6223:Baths and Basins: The Story of Domestic Sanitation 4862: 4860: 4788: 4670:How the Catholic Church Built Western Civilization 3940: 3444:and thus domination of the worlds economic trade. 2737:, or references. The influence of Christianity on 2648:. The cultural influence of Christianity includes 1468:. It may be divided into two distinct phases: the 7110:. gordonconwell.edu. January 2015. Archived from 6339:"Differences between Parchment, Vellum and Paper" 6196:History of Architecture on the Comparative Method 6141:The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism 5862:The Catholic Church: Journey, Wisdom, and Mission 5835:The Catholic Church: Journey, Wisdom, and Mission 5822: 5184: 4866: 4825: 4823: 4707:. London: Penguin Publishing Group. p. 572. 3397:both for timber and stone, probably derived from 2446:First Amendment to the United States Constitution 1976:conquered the Byzantine capital of Constantinople 1520:107. Early Christendom would close at the end of 10124: 7507: 7273:Burns, "Aquinas's Two Doctrines of Natural Law." 7200:The Routledge Companion to the Study of Religion 6506:. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 6452:"19th- and 20th-Century Roman Catholic Churches" 27:Countries or societies in which Christians abide 7576:Symbols of Christendom: an elementary text-book 6621: 6409:. British Archaeological Reports (Oxford) Ltd. 5202:Peter Brown; Peter Robert Lamont Brown (2003). 5115: 4857: 4750:"CHRISTENTUM - Translation in English - bab.la" 4470: 4468: 4310: – System with state control of the Church 1480:developed, whereby bishoprics were governed by 757: 568:The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints 7590:. Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green. 6559:"Christianity and the rise of western science" 6220: 6161:, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (UK), 5865:. The Age of Enlightenment: St. Mary's Press. 5164:. University of California Press. p. 25. 4820: 4244:, Christian democratic parties are moderately 4112:because of human weakness and developed while 4002: 2917:There are few old ceramic icons, such as this 1880:Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty 1211:Following the spread of Christianity from the 8923: 8909: 8583:Architecture of cathedrals and great churches 8282: 7699: 7651:. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. 4736:"Translate christendom from Dutch to English" 4493:. Random House Publishing Group. p. 42. 4100:in general has tended to stress the need for 4074:of churches. The way that such church law is 2974:narratives were plugged with matter from the 2851:Most illuminated manuscripts were created as 2664:(which would later influence the creation of 1328:(as is still the case with the cognate Dutch 1174: 715: 5538: 5536: 4932:The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion 4871:(reprint ed.). CUA Press. p. 108. 4465: 1749:, the concept of Christendom changed as the 753: 7561: 7284:Women in Christian History: A Bibliography. 5617: 5615: 5020: 4795:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 4613: 4007: 3303:limiting its scientific prowess during the 3081:The structure of a typical Gothic cathedral 2832:400 to 600, primarily produced in Ireland, 1640:. In this period, members of the Christian 8916: 8902: 7706: 7692: 7666: 7633:. New York: Harper & Row. 2 vol., ill. 7458: 7250: 6299: 6011: 5411: 5367: 5056: 5054: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4773: 4700: 4638: 4614:Dawson, Christopher; Olsen, Glenn (1961). 4379:, a traditional Catholic view of ecumenism 3459: 1181: 1167: 722: 708: 57: 7307:Recovering Biblical Manhood and Womanhood 7286:Macon, Georgia: Mercer Univ Press, 1995. 6499: 6322: 5542: 5533: 5482: 5227: 5225: 4867:Dawson, Christopher; Glenn Olsen (1961). 4632: 4336: – Political and theological changes 4232:on cultural, social and moral issues and 3409:had mills. They also were widely used in 3239:Learn how and when to remove this message 3182: 2613:, some of which continue to exist today. 2265:took the crown of England. His heir, the 2126:greatest patron of the Renaissance period 1926:described the then-current notion of the 7414: 7311:. Wheaton, Illinois: Crossway. pp. 7276: 7172: 6912:. Centre for Citizenship. Archived from 6646: 6556: 5612: 5393: 5329: 5157: 5145: 5069: 4514: 4512: 4510: 4354: – Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire 3718:Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland 3588: 3256: 3076: 3005:was much the commonest image of Christ. 2912: 2844:, along with a very limited number from 2803: 2520: 2361: 1648:. The specific relationship between the 1595: 1572: 1443: 29: 7605: 7594: 7539: 7528: 7370: 6708: 6677: 6449: 5951:. Oxford University Press. p. 59. 5838:. Early Middle Ages: St. Mary's Press. 5754: 5716: 5483:McGinness, Frederick (26 August 2011). 5336:. Harcourt, Brace and Company. p. 5133: 5121: 5051: 4838: 4770: 4342: – Ideology seeking Christian rule 4147:(379–395), Christianity had become the 3980:Category: Catholic orders and societies 3204:not related to the topic of the article 2668:), politics, architecture, literature, 14: 10125: 7392: 7068: 6709:Numbers, Ronald L. (8 November 2010). 6678:Numbers, Ronald L. (8 November 2010). 6652: 6521:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Scholasticism" 6515: 6513: 6474: 6402: 6384: 6017: 5906: 5806: 5664: 5508: 5456: 5399: 5350: 5231: 5222: 5063: 4980: 4643:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 336. 4558: 4328:Constantine the Great and Christianity 4206: 3776:Dynamics in- and outside Christianity 3723: 3276: 3032:. Especially in the West, a system of 2812:contained in an illuminated manuscript 2703: 2037:Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation 1591:Niceno–Constantinopolitan Creed of 381 1425: 8897: 7687: 7344: 7302: 6360: 6295: 6293: 6291: 6138: 6078: 5946: 5712: 5710: 5581:"The Anglican Domain: Church History" 5443:The Cambridge Modern History. Vol 2: 4783: 4507: 4490:The Christian World: A Global History 4486: 3597:versus lack of either religion (2006) 3466:History of science in the Renaissance 3291:List of Christian thinkers in science 3178:History of science in the Middle Ages 2698: 2357: 2249:denoted the European transition from 1361:, Roman Catholic auxiliary bishop of 7679:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 7399:Antisemitism: Its History and Causes 7263:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 6392:. Kessinger Publishing. p. xiv. 6312:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 6058:, Princeton University Press, 2007, 6000:, Cambridge University Press, 1992, 5889:, Cambridge University Press, 1992, 5858: 5831: 5511:"Background for Italian Renaissance" 5424:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 5380:. New York: Robert Appleton Company. 4518: 4372:Role of Christianity in civilization 3578: 3357:advances, including the adoption of 3186: 3161:originally started to reconcile the 2954:and Roman religion and popular art. 2752: 2494: 1912:and secular rulers ran high, as the 1559:Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages 6564:Australian Broadcasting Corporation 6510: 6431: 5459:"The Papacy during the Renaissance" 2219:History of the Serbian–Turkish wars 1951:'s gradual loss of territory to an 1464:sect, which historians refer to as 563:Members Church of God International 24: 7619: 7402:. New York: International Library. 6288: 6184: 5923:broughttolife.sciencemuseum.org.uk 5760:"The Rise of the New Christianity" 5707: 5515:University of Massachusetts Lowell 4324: – Book by Augustine of Hippo 3734:three largest groups of Christians 3660:(Roman Catholic Church), England ( 3652:(Roman Catholic Church), Denmark ( 1608:"Christendom" has referred to the 1522:imperial persecution of Christians 1399:. The notion of "Europe" and the " 25: 10169: 10107:Western European and Others Group 7667:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 7655: 7251:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 6503:Philosophy and Christian Theology 6349:from the original on 15 June 2016 6300:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 5639:from the original on 17 June 2012 5412:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 5368:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). 4034:. Another is the instructions of 3998:Category: Christian organizations 2970:texts, although many gaps in the 2406:at the turn of the 19th century. 2215:History of the Russo-Turkish wars 1838:Later Middle Ages and Renaissance 1723:remained the leading city of the 1080:List of Christian Nobel laureates 8878: 8877: 8866: 7994:State church of the Roman Empire 7713: 7557:. Longmans, Green & Company. 7494:. London: S. Sonnenschein, 1893. 7483:. Chicago: M. Hull, 1895. (ed., 7296: 7267: 7244: 7230: 7205: 7192: 7139:"Major Religions Ranked by Size" 6766: 6742:Britannica Book of the Year 2010 6733: 6702: 6671: 6615: 6584: 6578: 6550: 6537: 6493: 6468: 6443: 6129:Property, poverty, and the poor, 5973:Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte 5816:Christianity as a World Religion 5509:Cheney, Liana (26 August 2011). 5021:Robert Peel (18 February 1981). 4928:The Western Experience Volume II 4829:MacCulloch (2010), p. 1024–1030. 4423: 4412:, personally campaigned against 4251: 3990:Category: Anglican organizations 3929: 3922: 3921: 3900: 3899: 3892: 3891: 3868: 3867: 3860: 3859: 3836: 3835: 3828: 3827: 3804: 3803: 3796: 3795: 3349:under Christian rule. After the 3191: 2871:, traditionally made of unsplit 2454:Declaration on Religious Freedom 2229:Spanish missions in the Americas 2187:Reformation and Early Modern era 1894:collapse of Charlemagne's empire 1701:state church of the Roman Empire 1440:State church of the Roman Empire 1322:. It had the sense now taken by 1251:rose to the central role of the 689: 7977:First seven ecumenical councils 7333: 6396: 6378: 6331: 6316: 6271: 6262: 6253: 6241: 6229: 6214: 6209:The Journal of Economic History 6201: 6172: 6147: 6132: 6120: 6108: 6096: 6084: 6048: 5978: 5965: 5947:Risse, Guenter B (April 1999). 5940: 5911: 5900: 5879: 5852: 5818:. London: Continuum. p. 2. 5800: 5748: 5735: 5681: 5651: 5587: 5573: 5561: 5502: 5476: 5457:Norris, Michael (August 2007). 5450: 5437: 5428: 5405: 5384: 5361: 5344: 5323: 5314: 5305: 5295: 5286: 5277: 5268: 5259: 5195: 5178: 5151: 5127: 5106: 5097: 5042: 5014: 4987:History of the Christian Church 4974: 4937: 4885: 4832: 4756: 4742: 4728: 4694: 4618:(reprint ed.). CUA Press. 4390: 4141:First seven Ecumenical Councils 3958:Various organizations include: 3941:Notable Christian organizations 3557: 3351:Renaissance of the 12th century 3066: 2958:are used to some extent by the 2793: 2526:St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna 2427:is best in their own tradition. 2378:and the formation of the great 1980:decline of the Byzantine Empire 1896:, the southern remnants of the 1662:model of church-state relations 1565:First seven Ecumenical Councils 1421:History of Western civilization 8844:Relations with other religions 8250:Church of the East (Nestorian) 8245:Oriental Orthodox (Miaphysite) 7584:Thomas William Allies (1865). 7177:. Pewforum.org. Archived from 6557:Harrison, Peter (8 May 2012). 5567:This was presaging the modern 5549:. New York: Dover Publications 5463:The Metropolitan Museum of Art 4841:Secularism: Western And Indian 4595: 4586: 4552: 4480: 3972:institutes of consecrated life 3962:In the Roman Catholic Church, 3930: 3767:% of the Christian population 3333:translations of medieval works 3207: and should be moved to 2882: 2382:, together with the beginning 2247:strong, centralized monarchies 1727:in size, wealth, and culture. 1282: 573:The New Church (Swedenborgian) 518:Nondenominational Christianity 13: 1: 7647:Whalen, Brett Edward (2009). 7573:John Radford Thomson (1867). 7562:Girdlestone, Charles (1870). 7524:. Macniven and Wallace. 1884. 7503:. E. & J. B. Young. 1893. 7448:Andrew Dickson White (1897). 6403:Eiland, Murray (2023-04-30). 5191:Allyn and Bacon. p. 551. 5028:The Christian Science Monitor 4701:MacCulloch, Diarmaid (2010). 4641:Christianity: An Introduction 4436: 4420:the Byzantine state religion. 4396:In 529, Justinian closed the 3219:or discuss this issue on the 3115: 2922: 2384:decline of the Ottoman Empire 2348:War of the Spanish Succession 1753:of five patriarchates of the 1509:), dates to this period, the 1344: 1312: 1303:. The scribe was translating 1145:Christian influences in Islam 7670:"Union of Christendom" 7587:The formation of Christendom 5987:Forms of Christian education 5330:Schevill, Ferdinand (1922). 4926:xviii 3; Mortimer Chambers, 4676:National Review Book Service 4639:E. McGrath, Alister (2006). 4198:Doctrine of the two kingdoms 2390:, accompanied by increasing 1353:Canadian theology professor 1202:Christian-majority countries 1123:Christianity in Civilization 1070:List of Christian scientists 964:American Catholic literature 578:Unitarians and Universalists 7: 8551:Views on poverty and wealth 7625:Bainton, Roland H. (1966). 7551:George William Cox (1870). 7529:Charles, Elizabeth (1880). 7521:The Churches of Christendom 7356:. Regnery Publishing, Inc. 7282:Blevins, Carolyn DeArmond, 7087:Central Intelligence Agency 6277:Watson Kirkconnell (1952), 4869:Crisis in Western Education 4616:Crisis in Western Education 4301: 4078:, interpreted and at times 4003:Christianity law and ethics 3976:societies of apostolic life 3574:Christian population growth 3141:doctrines of Christianity. 1632:founded upon and upholding 1456:at the center of the world. 1085:Catholic Church and science 10: 10174: 8796:World Evangelical Alliance 8758:Traditionalist Catholicism 7543:The Christ: Seven lectures 6961:. U.S. Department of State 6481:World History Encyclopedia 6225:. Stroud, England: Sutton. 5543:Santayana, George (1982). 5390:MacCulloch (2010), p. 625. 5185:Willis Mason West (1904). 4954:10, Letter to the Romans ( 4255: 4210: 4195: 4180:thoroughly discussed that 4042:(sometimes referred to as 4011: 3995: 3982:for a particular listing.) 3770:% of the world population 3636:of the following nations: 3601:In 2009, according to the 3582: 3567: 3561: 3463: 3280: 3250: 3171: 3119: 3070: 2886: 2797: 2756: 2707: 2498: 2431:Writing in 1997, Canadian 2222: 2208: 2190: 1869: 1851: 1841: 1757:and the Christians of the 1562: 1505: 1493: 1429: 1414: 1410: 1309:History Against the Pagans 9877:Anglo-Portuguese Alliance 9857: 9775: 9612: 9447: 9318:Standard Average European 9186: 9015: 8935: 8861: 8811: 8791:World Council of Churches 8766: 8684: 8568: 8559: 8514: 8299: 8283: 8278:Latter Day Saint movement 8263: 8223: 8123: 8104: 8050: 8007: 7952: 7858: 7837: 7796: 7764: 7721: 7606:Johnson, Richard (1824). 7508:John Hodson Egar (1887). 7440:The Return of Christendom 7415:Browning, Robert (1992). 7158:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 6653:Gilley, Sheridan (2006). 6439:A History of Architecture 6105:Church and social welfare 5623:"The Peace of Westphalia" 5158:Challand, Gérard (1994). 4418:Chalcedonian Christianity 3992:for a particular listing) 3986:Anglican religious orders 3775: 3772: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3696:(Roman Catholic Church), 3692:(Roman Catholic Church), 3688:(Roman Catholic Church), 3646:Armenian Apostolic Church 3640:(Roman Catholic Church), 3405:, most large villages in 2350:in this period, with the 2340:European wars of religion 2307:cuius regio, eius religio 2205:European wars of religion 1957:Muslim conquest of Persia 1776:On Christmas Day 800 AD, 1751:western church became one 1229:Greek East and Latin West 1208:is dominant or prevails. 989:Christian science fiction 10017:Lancaster House Treaties 9507:Christian existentialism 9467:Ancient Roman philosophy 9457:Ancient Greek philosophy 8819:Anti-Christian sentiment 7999:Christian biblical canon 7595:Stearns, George (1857). 7540:Naville, Ernest (1880). 7093:(Archived 2022 edition.) 6717:Harvard University Press 6686:Harvard University Press 6629:(1986), "Introduction", 6477:"Byzantine Architecture" 6450:Derrick, Andrew (2017). 6325:Salem Press Encyclopedia 5717:Carroll, Warren (2000). 5238:. Simon & Schuster. 4952:Letter to the Magnesians 4839:Debnath, Sailen (2010). 4383: 4222:Catholic social teaching 4008:Church and state framing 3728:The estimated number of 3702:Romanian Orthodox Church 3670:Georgian Orthodox Church 3253:Christianity and science 3210:Christianity and science 2201:History of Protestantism 2070:The Book of the Courtier 1997:, the fight against the 1902:states loosely connected 1792:created a definition of 1711:was one of the peaks in 1658:church as an institution 1138:Eastern Orthodox history 9795:Equality before the law 9002:Romano-Germanic culture 8873:Christianity portal 8032:Investiture Controversy 7173:ANALYSIS (2011-12-19). 6221:Eveleigh, Bogs (2002). 6054:Susan Elizabeth Hough, 5776:Oxford University Press 5351:Schaff, Philip (1878). 5086:Encyclopædia Britannica 5071:Phillips, Walter Alison 4559:Chazan, Robert (2006). 4188:which means that it is 4137:First Council of Nicaea 3974:, similar to which are 3970:are the major forms of 3746:Eastern Orthodox Church 3603:Encyclopædia Britannica 3564:Christianity by country 3460:Renaissance innovations 3369:, and greatly improved 2745:, while others provide 2398:, culminating with the 1984:path to its destruction 1900:became a collection of 1685:First Council of Nicaea 1587:First Council of Nicaea 1579:the Emperor Constantine 1534:First Council of Nicaea 1532:in AD 313 and the 1524:after the ascension of 1417:History of Christianity 994:Spiritual autobiography 9957:Eastern European Group 9546:Continental philosophy 9477:Judeo-Christian ethics 9462:Hellenistic philosophy 8943:Cradle of civilization 8824:Christian universalism 8215:Western Rite Orthodoxy 8060:Protestant Reformation 7636:Molland, Einar (1959) 6415:10.30861/9781407360713 6259:Chadwick, Owen p. 242. 5445:The Reformation (1903) 5208:. Wiley. p. 443. 4487:Marty, Martin (2008). 4461:. Pew Research Center. 4365:Res publica Christiana 4276:Christian egalitarians 4058:which is the internal 3598: 3536:Scientific Renaissance 3528:Scientific Renaissance 3485:Renaissance technology 3470:Renaissance technology 3273: 3183:Christian civilization 3108:was a continuation of 3106:Byzantine architecture 3098:Christian architecture 3086:Christian architecture 3082: 3038:identifying individual 2937: 2818:illuminated manuscript 2813: 2800:Illuminated manuscript 2774:and in some cases the 2646:development of science 2528: 2509:Theological aesthetics 2450:Second Vatican Council 2429: 2367: 2211:Ottoman wars in Europe 2184: 2153:Bartolomé de Las Casas 2121: 2065:Baldassare Castiglione 1888:Fall of Constantinople 1884:Byzantine–Ottoman Wars 1835: 1717:Christian civilization 1605: 1593: 1457: 1379: 1204:or countries in which 785: 35: 10138:Christian terminology 10077:Three Seas Initiative 10052:Pacific Islands Forum 9917:British–Irish Council 9665:Greek Orthodox Church 9124:Industrial Revolution 9094:Scientific Revolution 8482:Anointing of the Sick 7676:Catholic Encyclopedia 7631:Harper Colophon Books 7378:. Oxford: Blackwell. 7260:Catholic Encyclopedia 7175:"Global Christianity" 6309:Catholic Encyclopedia 6285:Press. Pages 569-570. 6283:University of Toronto 5721:. Christendom Press. 5489:Oxford Bibliographies 5421:Catholic Encyclopedia 5377:Catholic Encyclopedia 5354:The history of creeds 5232:Durant, Will (2005). 4956:Roberts-Donaldson tr. 4945:Greek-English Lexicon 4282:, as well as for the 4264:women in Christianity 4258:Women in Christianity 4155:Render unto Caesar... 4129:Emperor Constantine I 4116:were subjects of the 4064:Roman Catholic Church 3714:Swiss Reformed Church 3592: 3583:Further information: 3544:Scientific Revolution 3540:Scientific Revolution 3524:Scientific Revolution 3401:. By the time of the 3329:Scientific Revolution 3260: 3202:may contain material 3174:Christian apologetics 3172:Further information: 3167:dialectical reasoning 3080: 2916: 2807: 2658:Protestant work ethic 2615:Medieval Christianity 2524: 2499:Further information: 2424: 2365: 2225:Jesuit China missions 2223:Further information: 2209:Further information: 2191:Further information: 2179: 2141:Leon Battista Alberti 2116: 1965:universal Christendom 1944:(body of canon law). 1941:corpus iuris canonica 1936:Roman Catholic Church 1870:Further information: 1852:Further information: 1817: 1705:Edict of Thessalonica 1599: 1589:(AD 325) holding the 1576: 1569:Germanic Christianity 1563:Further information: 1549:Edict of Thessalonica 1526:Constantine the Great 1474:post-apostolic period 1447: 1374: 784: 33: 10072:Special Relationship 9482:Christian philosophy 9427:Western Christianity 9089:Age of Enlightenment 8963:Hellenistic Kingdoms 8803:Nondenominationalism 8676:Role in civilization 8143:Independent Catholic 8085:Relations with Islam 8065:Catholic Reformation 7546:. T. & T. Clark. 7490:Bosanquet, Bernard. 7472:19th century sources 7419:The Byzantine Empire 7408:20th century sources 7339:21st century Sources 7303:Piper, John (1991). 6437:Fletcher, Banister. 6372:The Gospel Coalition 5778:. pp. 101–133. 5661:36(1/4): 1–23, p. 7. 5630:University of Oregon 5060:Hall (2002), p. 1–9. 4672:by Thomas Woods, Jr" 4377:Union of Christendom 4172:spheres of influence 4133:Constantine's decree 3964:religious institutes 3494:linear perspectivity 3315:. But thanks to the 3313:Western Roman Empire 3217:improve this section 3131:Christian philosophy 3122:Christian philosophy 3100:in the west was the 2991:Eastern Christianity 2921:icon which dates to 2719:Christian literature 2710:Christian literature 2656:, economics (as the 2595:Christian literature 2583:Christian philosophy 2579:Age of Enlightenment 2489:Christian majorities 2376:Age of Enlightenment 2325:Salzburg Protestants 2312:Treaty of Westphalia 2093:renaissance humanism 2049:Council of Constance 1759:Eastern Roman Empire 1736:Western Roman Empire 1245:Eastern Christianity 1237:Western Christianity 818:Western Christianity 813:Eastern Christianity 415:Independent Catholic 10097:West Nordic Council 9962:Eastern Partnership 9551:Analytic philosophy 9252:Classical tradition 9074:Early modern period 9030:Classical antiquity 9025:European Bronze Age 8849:Unlimited atonement 8834:Cultural Christians 8273:Jehovah's Witnesses 7895:Sermon on the Mount 7824:Christian tradition 7751:Lists of Christians 7459:F. G. Cole (1908). 7240:. 19 December 2011. 6390:Christian Symbolism 6139:Weber, Max (1905). 5859:Koch, Carl (1994). 5832:Koch, Carl (1994). 5415:"Inquisition" 5371:"Christendom" 5235:Story of Philosophy 5148:, pp. 198–208. 4949:Ignatius of Antioch 4398:Neoplatonic Academy 4334:Constantinian shift 4284:ordination of women 4218:Christian democracy 4213:Christian democracy 4207:Democratic ideology 3757: 3754:Pew Research Center 3724:Number of adherents 3520:Renaissance science 3454:egalitarian society 3365:, the invention of 3339:Medieval technology 3287:Medieval technology 3277:Medieval conditions 3264:, and particularly 3073:Church architecture 3014:Religious symbolism 3009:Christian symbolism 2901:Christian symbolism 2704:Writings and poetry 2619:modern universities 2560:Stanford University 2540:cultural Christians 2197:Counter-Reformation 2175:classical antiquity 2137:Nicolaus Copernicus 2061:Italian Renaissance 1908:. Tensions between 1771:communion with Rome 1673:Emperor Constantine 1646:political authority 1515:Ignatius of Antioch 1478:episcopal structure 1466:Jewish Christianity 1436:Hellenistic Judaism 1426:Rise of Christendom 1370:Diarmaid MacCulloch 1341:Late Middle English 1157:Christianity portal 893:Church architecture 873:Christian symbolism 808:Christian tradition 696:Christianity portal 553:Jehovah's Witnesses 233:History of theology 10158:World Christianity 10153:Historical regions 9556:Post-structuralism 9519:Christian humanism 9149:Universal suffrage 8694:Crusading movement 7962:Ante-Nicene period 7642:Konfesjonskunnskap 7443:. Macmillan. 1922. 7082:The World Factbook 6719:. pp. 80–81. 6627:Numbers, Ronald L. 6623:Lindberg, David C. 6475:Cartwright, Mark. 5689:"Wars of Religion" 5599:www.britannica.com 5546:The Life of Reason 5521:on 16 January 2014 5092:vicegerent of God. 5076:"Episcopacy" 4785:Curry, Thomas John 4520:Hall, Douglas John 4352:Holy Roman Emperor 4314:Christian republic 4072:Anglican Communion 4070:churches, and the 4062:law governing the 3968:secular institutes 3878:Other Christianity 3773:Follower dynamics 3751: 3599: 3506:Bastion fortresses 3502:double shell domes 3413:, as described by 3391:Age of Exploration 3274: 3110:Roman architecture 3083: 3026:Life of the Virgin 3003:Christ Pantocrator 2980:Nativity of Christ 2976:apocryphal gospels 2938: 2863:(most commonly of 2814: 2699:Art and literature 2634:Medieval Christian 2617:created the first 2529: 2368: 2358:End of Christendom 2333:crypto-protestants 2294:Corpus Christianum 2243:Hundred Years' War 2239:Corpus Christianum 2235:western philosophy 2170:The Life of Reason 2145:Desiderius Erasmus 1923:Corpus Christianum 1790:Carolingian Empire 1638:Christian doctrine 1606: 1602:Early Christianity 1594: 1541:Malcolm Muggeridge 1458: 1432:Early Christianity 1095:Quakers in science 845:Cultural Christian 830:Protestant culture 786: 435:Church of the East 299:Early Christianity 36: 10120: 10119: 9947:Council of Europe 9849:International law 9802:Constitutionalism 9660:Eastern Orthodoxy 9166:Post–Cold War era 9099:Age of Revolution 8953:Greco-Roman world 8891: 8890: 8857: 8856: 8785:Charta Oecumenica 8295: 8294: 8285:Iglesia ni Cristo 8100: 8099: 8080:French Revolution 8070:Thirty Years' War 7942:Apostolic fathers 7910:Great Commandment 7430:978-0-8132-0754-4 7385:978-1-4051-9833-2 7254:"Canon law" 7085:(2024 ed.). 6640:978-0-520-05538-4 6525:www.newadvent.org 6424:978-1-4073-6071-3 6343:National Archives 6303:"Symbolism" 6268:Hastings, p. 309. 6192:Banister Fletcher 6167:978-0-521-89057-1 6117:Care for the sick 5958:978-0-19-505523-8 5872:978-0-88489-298-4 5845:978-0-88489-298-4 5693:Britannica Online 5245:978-0-671-69500-2 5215:978-0-631-22138-8 5171:978-0-520-07964-9 4997:978-1-61025-041-2 4850:978-81-269-1366-4 4682:on 22 August 2006 4625:978-0-8132-1683-6 4500:978-1-58836-684-9 4340:Dominion theology 4143:. By the time of 4044:the Law of Christ 4036:Jesus of Nazareth 3938: 3937: 3682:Church of Iceland 3662:Church of England 3654:Church of Denmark 3579:Geographic spread 3514:Leonardo da Vinci 3319:scholars such as 3249: 3248: 3241: 3090:Christian culture 2810:Christ in Majesty 2788:Eastern Orthodoxy 2784:Roman Catholicism 2753:Supplemental arts 2666:international law 2552:European identity 2542:. The notion of " 2536:Christian culture 2517:Christian culture 2495:Classical culture 2442:Thomas John Curry 2437:Douglas John Hall 2411:encyclical letter 2400:French Revolution 2352:Treaty of Utrecht 2302:Peace of Augsburg 2298:Holy Roman Empire 2273:establishing the 2259:Wars of the Roses 2157:Leonardo da Vinci 2056:Renaissance Popes 2003:Iberian Peninsula 1978:and hastened the 1934:united under the 1910:Pope Innocent III 1898:Holy Roman Empire 1713:Christian history 1699:Christianity the 1650:political leaders 1555:secondary roles. 1545:Douglas John Hall 1405:European identity 1359:Thomas John Curry 1355:Douglas John Hall 1249:Latin Christendom 1223:during the early 1191: 1190: 1128:Christian history 1090:Parson-naturalist 825:Byzantine culture 797:Christian culture 747:Christian culture 732: 731: 585: 584: 558:Latter Day Saints 543:Iglesia ni Cristo 508:United Protestant 493:Plymouth Brethren 428:Oriental Orthodox 16:(Redirected from 10165: 10143:Cultural regions 9992:EU Customs Union 9524:Secular humanism 9472:Christian ethics 9422:East–West Schism 9405:Physical culture 9129:Great Divergence 9079:Age of Discovery 8918: 8911: 8904: 8895: 8894: 8881: 8880: 8871: 8870: 8714:Environmentalism 8664:Church buildings 8566: 8565: 8381:Eastern Orthodox 8376:Eastern Catholic 8288: 8287: 8255:Eastern Catholic 8233:Eastern Orthodox 8121: 8120: 8042:Age of Discovery 8027:East–West Schism 7925:Great Commission 7856: 7855: 7708: 7701: 7694: 7685: 7684: 7680: 7672: 7614: 7602: 7591: 7580: 7569: 7558: 7547: 7536: 7525: 7515: 7504: 7466: 7455: 7444: 7434: 7422: 7403: 7389: 7367: 7355: 7346:Woods, Thomas Jr 7327: 7326: 7310: 7300: 7294: 7280: 7274: 7271: 7265: 7264: 7256: 7248: 7242: 7241: 7234: 7228: 7227: 7225: 7224: 7219:. 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Archived from 5506: 5500: 5499: 5497: 5495: 5480: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5469: 5454: 5448: 5441: 5435: 5432: 5426: 5425: 5417: 5409: 5403: 5397: 5391: 5388: 5382: 5381: 5373: 5365: 5359: 5358: 5348: 5342: 5341: 5327: 5321: 5318: 5312: 5309: 5303: 5299: 5293: 5290: 5284: 5281: 5275: 5272: 5266: 5263: 5257: 5256: 5254: 5252: 5229: 5220: 5219: 5199: 5193: 5192: 5182: 5176: 5175: 5155: 5149: 5143: 5137: 5131: 5125: 5119: 5113: 5110: 5104: 5101: 5095: 5094: 5078: 5067: 5061: 5058: 5049: 5046: 5040: 5039: 5037: 5035: 5018: 5012: 5011: 5006: 5004: 4978: 4972: 4941: 4935: 4922:xv 44; Josephus 4889: 4883: 4882: 4864: 4855: 4854: 4836: 4830: 4827: 4818: 4817: 4815: 4813: 4794: 4781: 4768: 4767: 4760: 4754: 4753: 4746: 4740: 4739: 4732: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4698: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4687: 4678:. Archived from 4664: 4655: 4654: 4636: 4630: 4629: 4611: 4602: 4599: 4593: 4590: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4579: 4556: 4550: 4549: 4544: 4542: 4516: 4505: 4504: 4484: 4478: 4472: 4463: 4462: 4460: 4452: 4430: 4427: 4421: 4394: 4242:social democrats 4159:synoptic gospels 4114:Early Christians 4098:Christian ethics 4068:Eastern Orthodox 4018:Christian ethics 3933: 3932: 3925: 3924: 3903: 3902: 3895: 3894: 3871: 3870: 3863: 3862: 3839: 3838: 3831: 3830: 3807: 3806: 3799: 3798: 3758: 3750: 3706:Church of Norway 3674:Church of Greece 3399:Roman technology 3301:Muslim conquests 3297:Byzantine Empire 3283:Medieval science 3244: 3237: 3233: 3230: 3224: 3195: 3194: 3187: 3102:Gothic cathedral 2972:canonical Gospel 2956:Religious images 2927: 2924: 2723:Christian poetry 2714:Christian poetry 2670:personal hygiene 2558:Paul Legutko of 2380:colonial empires 2372:European Miracle 2233:Developments in 2165:George Santayana 2112:The Eternal City 2029:late Middle Ages 2005:and against the 1961:East–West Schism 1949:Byzantine Empire 1906:Holy See of Rome 1854:East–West Schism 1848:Late Middle Ages 1844:High Middle Ages 1827:(soldiers), and 1763:Byzantine Empire 1709:Byzantine Empire 1666:European history 1634:Christian values 1513:, attributed to 1508: 1507: 1496: 1495: 1476:, when an early 1470:apostolic period 1367:church historian 1349: 1346: 1317: 1314: 1297:Alfred the Great 1279:and technology. 1198:Christian states 1183: 1176: 1169: 1133:Catholic history 1042:Liturgical music 979:Christian poetry 756: 734: 733: 724: 717: 710: 693: 538:Christadelphians 468:Free Evangelical 421:Eastern Orthodox 378: 377: 329:East–West Schism 61: 38: 37: 21: 10173: 10172: 10168: 10167: 10166: 10164: 10163: 10162: 10123: 10122: 10121: 10116: 10082:UKUSA Agreement 10022:Lublin Triangle 9907:Baltic Assembly 9859: 9853: 9771: 9608: 9443: 9313:Eurolinguistics 9182: 9171:Information age 9144:Interwar period 9011: 8931: 8922: 8892: 8887: 8865: 8853: 8807: 8762: 8680: 8561: 8555: 8510: 8435:One true church 8291: 8259: 8219: 8108: 8096: 8046: 8003: 7948: 7875:in Christianity 7861: 7847: 7841: 7833: 7792: 7768: 7760: 7717: 7712: 7658: 7622: 7620:Further reading 7617: 7518: 7497: 7485:reprint version 7469: 7437: 7431: 7394:Lazare, Bernard 7386: 7372:Cameron, Averil 7364: 7336: 7331: 7330: 7323: 7301: 7297: 7281: 7277: 7272: 7268: 7249: 7245: 7236: 7235: 7231: 7222: 7220: 7211: 7210: 7206: 7197: 7193: 7184: 7182: 7171: 7167: 7151: 7150: 7144: 7142: 7137: 7136: 7129: 7120: 7118: 7114: 7107: 7103: 7102: 7098: 7089:. 27 July 2022. 7075: 7073: 7069: 7060: 7058: 7050: 7049: 7045: 7036: 7034: 7026: 7025: 7021: 7012: 7010: 7002: 7001: 6997: 6988: 6986: 6978: 6977: 6973: 6964: 6962: 6959:"Liechtenstein" 6957: 6956: 6952: 6943: 6941: 6933: 6932: 6928: 6919: 6917: 6908: 6907: 6903: 6894: 6892: 6884: 6883: 6879: 6870: 6868: 6860: 6859: 6855: 6846: 6844: 6836: 6835: 6831: 6822: 6820: 6811: 6810: 6806: 6796: 6794: 6786: 6785: 6781: 6772: 6771: 6767: 6757: 6755: 6753: 6739: 6738: 6734: 6727: 6707: 6703: 6696: 6676: 6672: 6665: 6651: 6647: 6641: 6620: 6616: 6607: 6605: 6601: 6594: 6583: 6579: 6569: 6567: 6555: 6551: 6542: 6538: 6529: 6527: 6519: 6518: 6511: 6498: 6494: 6485: 6483: 6473: 6469: 6460: 6458: 6448: 6444: 6436: 6432: 6425: 6401: 6397: 6383: 6379: 6366: 6365: 6361: 6352: 6350: 6337: 6336: 6332: 6321: 6317: 6298: 6289: 6276: 6272: 6267: 6263: 6258: 6254: 6246: 6242: 6234: 6230: 6219: 6215: 6206: 6202: 6189: 6185: 6177: 6173: 6152: 6148: 6137: 6133: 6125: 6121: 6113: 6109: 6101: 6097: 6089: 6085: 6077: 6073: 6053: 6049: 6039: 6037: 6035: 6019:Verger, Jacques 6016: 6012: 5995: 5991: 5983: 5979: 5970: 5966: 5959: 5945: 5941: 5932: 5930: 5919:"Valetudinaria" 5917: 5916: 5912: 5905: 5901: 5884: 5880: 5873: 5857: 5853: 5846: 5830: 5823: 5805: 5801: 5786: 5756:Jenkins, Philip 5753: 5749: 5740: 5736: 5729: 5715: 5708: 5698: 5696: 5695:. June 26, 2021 5687: 5686: 5682: 5670: 5669: 5665: 5656: 5652: 5642: 5640: 5636: 5625: 5621: 5620: 5613: 5604: 5602: 5593: 5592: 5588: 5579: 5578: 5574: 5566: 5562: 5552: 5550: 5541: 5534: 5524: 5522: 5507: 5503: 5493: 5491: 5481: 5477: 5467: 5465: 5455: 5451: 5442: 5438: 5433: 5429: 5410: 5406: 5398: 5394: 5389: 5385: 5366: 5362: 5349: 5345: 5328: 5324: 5319: 5315: 5310: 5306: 5300: 5296: 5291: 5287: 5282: 5278: 5273: 5269: 5264: 5260: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5230: 5223: 5216: 5200: 5196: 5183: 5179: 5172: 5156: 5152: 5144: 5140: 5132: 5128: 5120: 5116: 5111: 5107: 5102: 5098: 5068: 5064: 5059: 5052: 5047: 5043: 5033: 5031: 5019: 5015: 5002: 5000: 4998: 4979: 4975: 4971:"Christianity." 4966:). However, an 4942: 4938: 4890: 4886: 4879: 4865: 4858: 4851: 4837: 4833: 4828: 4821: 4811: 4809: 4807: 4782: 4771: 4762: 4761: 4757: 4748: 4747: 4743: 4734: 4733: 4729: 4719: 4717: 4715: 4699: 4695: 4685: 4683: 4666: 4665: 4658: 4651: 4637: 4633: 4626: 4612: 4605: 4600: 4596: 4591: 4587: 4577: 4575: 4573: 4557: 4553: 4540: 4538: 4536: 4517: 4508: 4501: 4485: 4481: 4473: 4466: 4458: 4454: 4453: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4433: 4428: 4424: 4395: 4391: 4386: 4321:The City of God 4304: 4292:complementarian 4272:Paradigm shifts 4260: 4254: 4215: 4209: 4204: 4048:New Commandment 4020: 4012:Main articles: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3947:religious order 3943: 3782:Catholic Church 3738:Catholic Church 3726: 3587: 3581: 3576: 3566: 3560: 3472: 3464:Main articles: 3462: 3419:De Re Metallica 3347:medieval Europe 3305:Medieval period 3293: 3281:Main articles: 3279: 3255: 3245: 3234: 3228: 3225: 3214: 3196: 3192: 3185: 3180: 3128: 3120:Main articles: 3118: 3104:. In the east, 3075: 3069: 2952:classical Greek 2925: 2911: 2905:Saint symbology 2897:Christian icons 2893:Religious image 2887:Main articles: 2885: 2802: 2796: 2761: 2755: 2716: 2708:Main articles: 2706: 2701: 2681:human sacrifice 2591:Christian music 2564:Catholic Church 2532:Western culture 2519: 2497: 2474:most of Ireland 2458:First World War 2448:(1791) and the 2404:Napoleonic Wars 2360: 2344:Nine Years' War 2316:Catholic Church 2286:the Reformation 2231: 2221: 2207: 2189: 2161:Teresa of Ávila 2039:. Known as the 1991:Catholic Church 1953:expanding Islam 1890: 1868: 1850: 1842:Main articles: 1840: 1813:ideal community 1761:developed. The 1743:feudal kingdoms 1725:Christian world 1618:Christian world 1577:Icon depicting 1571: 1561: 1442: 1428: 1423: 1413: 1347: 1315: 1285: 1187: 1151: 1150: 1149: 1117: 1116: 1101: 1100: 1099: 1064: 1063: 1048: 1047: 1046: 1027:Christmas music 1016: 1015: 1000: 999: 998: 984:Christian novel 974:Christian drama 958: 957: 942: 941: 940: 920: 919: 904: 903: 902: 867: 866: 851: 850: 849: 802: 801: 783: 754: 728: 665: 664: 635:Other religions 595: 587: 586: 375: 374: 354: 353: 274: 273: 253: 252: 186: 176: 175: 136: 135: 117: 116: 82: 81: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 10171: 10161: 10160: 10155: 10150: 10145: 10140: 10135: 10118: 10117: 10115: 10114: 10112:Westernization 10109: 10104: 10099: 10094: 10092:Visegrád Group 10089: 10084: 10079: 10074: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10054: 10049: 10044: 10039: 10034: 10032:Nordic Council 10029: 10024: 10019: 10014: 10009: 10004: 9999: 9994: 9989: 9984: 9979: 9974: 9969: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9927:Bucharest Nine 9924: 9919: 9914: 9909: 9904: 9899: 9894: 9892:Arctic Council 9889: 9884: 9879: 9874: 9869: 9863: 9861: 9855: 9854: 9852: 9851: 9846: 9841: 9840: 9839: 9834: 9829: 9824: 9819: 9814: 9804: 9799: 9798: 9797: 9787: 9781: 9779: 9773: 9772: 9770: 9769: 9764: 9759: 9758: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9736: 9735: 9730: 9725: 9720: 9710: 9705: 9700: 9690: 9689: 9688: 9687: 9686: 9676: 9675: 9674: 9669: 9668: 9667: 9657: 9656: 9655: 9645: 9644: 9643: 9618: 9616: 9610: 9609: 9607: 9606: 9605: 9604: 9594: 9589: 9584: 9583: 9582: 9570: 9569: 9568: 9558: 9553: 9548: 9543: 9538: 9533: 9528: 9527: 9526: 9521: 9511: 9510: 9509: 9502:Existentialism 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9453: 9451: 9445: 9444: 9442: 9441: 9440: 9439: 9434: 9429: 9424: 9414: 9413: 9412: 9402: 9401: 9400: 9395: 9385: 9384: 9383: 9373: 9368: 9367: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9346: 9345: 9344: 9334: 9333: 9332: 9322: 9321: 9320: 9315: 9305: 9300: 9295: 9290: 9289: 9288: 9278: 9273: 9272: 9271: 9261: 9260: 9259: 9249: 9248: 9247: 9237: 9232: 9231: 9230: 9220: 9215: 9214: 9213: 9208: 9203: 9192: 9190: 9184: 9183: 9181: 9180: 9179: 9178: 9173: 9163: 9162: 9161: 9156: 9151: 9146: 9141: 9136: 9131: 9126: 9121: 9116: 9111: 9106: 9101: 9096: 9091: 9086: 9081: 9076: 9066: 9061: 9060: 9059: 9054: 9049: 9039: 9038: 9037: 9035:Late antiquity 9027: 9021: 9019: 9013: 9012: 9010: 9009: 9004: 8999: 8994: 8989: 8988: 8987: 8986: 8985: 8980: 8970: 8965: 8960: 8950: 8945: 8939: 8937: 8933: 8932: 8921: 8920: 8913: 8906: 8898: 8889: 8888: 8886: 8885: 8875: 8862: 8859: 8858: 8855: 8854: 8852: 8851: 8846: 8841: 8836: 8831: 8826: 8821: 8815: 8813: 8809: 8808: 8806: 8805: 8800: 8799: 8798: 8793: 8788: 8776: 8770: 8768: 8764: 8763: 8761: 8760: 8755: 8750: 8745: 8740: 8731: 8726: 8724:Fundamentalism 8721: 8719:Existentialism 8716: 8711: 8706: 8701: 8696: 8690: 8688: 8682: 8681: 8679: 8678: 8673: 8672: 8671: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8641: 8636: 8631: 8630: 8629: 8619: 8618: 8617: 8612: 8610:God the Father 8607: 8602: 8597: 8587: 8586: 8585: 8574: 8572: 8563: 8557: 8556: 8554: 8553: 8548: 8543: 8542: 8541: 8531: 8526: 8520: 8518: 8512: 8511: 8509: 8508: 8507: 8506: 8496: 8491: 8490: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8449: 8448: 8447: 8442: 8437: 8432: 8430:Body of Christ 8427: 8417: 8412: 8407: 8406: 8405: 8395: 8390: 8389: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8373: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8332: 8331: 8326: 8321: 8316: 8305: 8303: 8297: 8296: 8293: 8292: 8290: 8289: 8280: 8275: 8269: 8267: 8265:Restorationist 8261: 8260: 8258: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8241: 8240: 8229: 8227: 8221: 8220: 8218: 8217: 8212: 8211: 8210: 8205: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8145: 8140: 8135: 8129: 8127: 8118: 8102: 8101: 8098: 8097: 8095: 8094: 8093: 8092: 8082: 8077: 8072: 8067: 8062: 8056: 8054: 8048: 8047: 8045: 8044: 8039: 8034: 8029: 8024: 8019: 8013: 8011: 8005: 8004: 8002: 8001: 7996: 7991: 7990: 7989: 7984: 7974: 7969: 7967:Late antiquity 7964: 7958: 7956: 7950: 7949: 7947: 7946: 7945: 7944: 7937:Church fathers 7934: 7929: 7928: 7927: 7922: 7917: 7912: 7907: 7902: 7897: 7892: 7887: 7882: 7877: 7866: 7864: 7853: 7835: 7834: 7832: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7816: 7811: 7806: 7800: 7798: 7794: 7793: 7791: 7790: 7785: 7780: 7774: 7772: 7762: 7761: 7759: 7758: 7753: 7748: 7743: 7738: 7733: 7728: 7722: 7719: 7718: 7711: 7710: 7703: 7696: 7688: 7682: 7681: 7663: 7662: 7657: 7656:External links 7654: 7653: 7652: 7645: 7634: 7621: 7618: 7616: 7615: 7603: 7592: 7581: 7570: 7559: 7548: 7537: 7526: 7516: 7505: 7495: 7488: 7475: 7474: 7473: 7468: 7467: 7465:. Skeffington. 7456: 7454:. D. Appleton. 7445: 7435: 7429: 7411: 7410: 7409: 7405: 7404: 7390: 7384: 7376:The Byzantines 7368: 7362: 7341: 7340: 7335: 7332: 7329: 7328: 7321: 7295: 7275: 7266: 7243: 7229: 7204: 7191: 7165: 7127: 7096: 7067: 7056:Britannica.com 7043: 7032:Britannica.com 7019: 7008:Britannica.com 6995: 6984:Britannica.com 6971: 6950: 6939:Britannica.com 6926: 6901: 6890:Britannica.com 6877: 6866:Britannica.com 6853: 6842:Britannica.com 6829: 6804: 6792:Britannica.com 6779: 6765: 6751: 6732: 6725: 6701: 6694: 6688:. p. 80. 6670: 6663: 6645: 6639: 6614: 6577: 6549: 6536: 6509: 6492: 6467: 6442: 6430: 6423: 6395: 6377: 6359: 6345:. 2016-08-15. 6330: 6315: 6287: 6270: 6261: 6252: 6248:Britannica.com 6240: 6228: 6213: 6200: 6183: 6179:Britannica.com 6171: 6169:, pp. 189, 208 6155:Jeremy Waldron 6146: 6131: 6127:Britannica.com 6119: 6115:Britannica.com 6107: 6103:Britannica.com 6095: 6091:Britannica.com 6083: 6081:, p. 109. 6071: 6047: 6034:978-2868473448 6033: 6010: 5989: 5985:Britannica.com 5977: 5964: 5957: 5939: 5910: 5899: 5878: 5871: 5851: 5844: 5821: 5808:Kim, Sebastian 5799: 5784: 5747: 5743:Ecclesiam Suam 5741:Pope Paul VI, 5734: 5727: 5706: 5680: 5663: 5650: 5611: 5586: 5572: 5560: 5532: 5501: 5475: 5449: 5436: 5427: 5404: 5392: 5383: 5360: 5343: 5322: 5313: 5304: 5294: 5285: 5276: 5267: 5258: 5244: 5221: 5214: 5194: 5177: 5170: 5150: 5138: 5126: 5114: 5105: 5096: 5081:Chisholm, Hugh 5062: 5050: 5041: 5013: 4996: 4982:Schaff, Philip 4973: 4943:Walter Bauer, 4936: 4884: 4877: 4856: 4849: 4831: 4819: 4805: 4769: 4755: 4741: 4727: 4713: 4693: 4656: 4649: 4631: 4624: 4603: 4594: 4585: 4571: 4551: 4534: 4506: 4499: 4479: 4464: 4441: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4432: 4431: 4422: 4388: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4381: 4380: 4374: 4369: 4361: 4355: 4349: 4343: 4337: 4331: 4325: 4317: 4311: 4303: 4300: 4256:Main article: 4253: 4250: 4226:secularisation 4211:Main article: 4208: 4205: 4178:Thomas Aquinas 4170:have separate 4149:state religion 4060:ecclesiastical 4054:). A third is 4026:) also called 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3994: 3993: 3983: 3942: 3939: 3936: 3935: 3927: 3919: 3916: 3913: 3912:2,184,060,000 3910: 3906: 3905: 3897: 3889: 3886: 3883: 3880: 3874: 3873: 3865: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3848: 3842: 3841: 3833: 3825: 3822: 3819: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3801: 3793: 3790: 3787: 3786:1,094,610,000 3784: 3778: 3777: 3774: 3771: 3768: 3765: 3762: 3725: 3722: 3634:state religion 3613:with 81%, and 3585:State religion 3580: 3577: 3562:Main article: 3559: 3556: 3490:printing press 3461: 3458: 3450:printing press 3415:Georg Agricola 3341:refers to the 3309:Western Europe 3278: 3275: 3251:Main article: 3247: 3246: 3199: 3197: 3190: 3184: 3181: 3157:c. 1100–1500. 3153:) of medieval 3117: 3114: 3071:Main article: 3068: 3065: 3036:developed for 2884: 2881: 2846:Late Antiquity 2834:Constantinople 2798:Main article: 2795: 2792: 2757:Main article: 2754: 2751: 2729:that contains 2705: 2702: 2700: 2697: 2650:social welfare 2636:setting. Many 2496: 2493: 2415:Ecclesiam Suam 2359: 2356: 2282:modern history 2275:English church 2188: 2185: 2104:Pope Julius II 2045:Avignon Papacy 2041:Western Schism 1969:Fourth Crusade 1858:Western Schism 1839: 1836: 1800:respectively. 1747:principalities 1721:Constantinople 1677:Edict of Milan 1616:notion of the 1560: 1557: 1530:Edict of Milan 1427: 1424: 1412: 1409: 1305:Paulus Orosius 1284: 1281: 1241:Constantinople 1189: 1188: 1186: 1185: 1178: 1171: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1153: 1152: 1148: 1147: 1142: 1141: 1140: 1135: 1125: 1119: 1118: 1115: 1114: 1108: 1107: 1106: 1103: 1102: 1098: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1066: 1065: 1062: 1061: 1055: 1054: 1053: 1050: 1049: 1045: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1007: 1006: 1005: 1002: 1001: 997: 996: 991: 986: 981: 976: 971: 966: 960: 959: 956: 955: 949: 948: 947: 944: 943: 939: 938: 933: 928: 922: 921: 918: 917: 911: 910: 909: 906: 905: 901: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 869: 868: 865: 864: 858: 857: 856: 853: 852: 848: 847: 842: 840:Mormon culture 837: 832: 827: 822: 821: 820: 815: 804: 803: 800: 799: 793: 792: 791: 788: 787: 750: 749: 743: 742: 730: 729: 727: 726: 719: 712: 704: 701: 700: 699: 698: 686: 685: 680: 675: 667: 666: 663: 662: 657: 652: 647: 642: 637: 632: 627: 622: 617: 612: 607: 602: 596: 594:Related topics 593: 592: 589: 588: 583: 582: 581: 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 532: 531: 529:Restorationist 525: 524: 523: 522: 521: 520: 515: 510: 505: 500: 495: 490: 485: 480: 475: 470: 465: 460: 455: 450: 438: 431: 424: 417: 412: 407: 406: 405: 400: 385: 384: 376: 373: 372: 367: 361: 360: 359: 356: 355: 352: 351: 346: 341: 336: 331: 326: 321: 316: 311: 306: 304:Church Fathers 301: 296: 291: 286: 281: 275: 272: 271: 266: 260: 259: 258: 255: 254: 251: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 220: 215: 214: 213: 208: 203: 193: 187: 182: 181: 178: 177: 174: 173: 168: 163: 158: 153: 148: 143: 137: 134: 133: 130: 124: 123: 122: 119: 118: 115: 114: 109: 104: 99: 94: 89: 83: 80: 79: 74: 68: 67: 66: 63: 62: 54: 53: 47: 46: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 10170: 10159: 10156: 10154: 10151: 10149: 10146: 10144: 10141: 10139: 10136: 10134: 10131: 10130: 10128: 10113: 10110: 10108: 10105: 10103: 10100: 10098: 10095: 10093: 10090: 10088: 10085: 10083: 10080: 10078: 10075: 10073: 10070: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10057:PROSUR/PROSUL 10055: 10053: 10050: 10048: 10045: 10043: 10040: 10038: 10035: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10023: 10020: 10018: 10015: 10013: 10010: 10008: 10005: 10003: 10000: 9998: 9995: 9993: 9990: 9988: 9985: 9983: 9980: 9978: 9975: 9973: 9970: 9968: 9965: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9952:Craiova Group 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9918: 9915: 9913: 9910: 9908: 9905: 9903: 9900: 9898: 9895: 9893: 9890: 9888: 9885: 9883: 9880: 9878: 9875: 9873: 9870: 9868: 9867:ABCANZ Armies 9865: 9864: 9862: 9856: 9850: 9847: 9845: 9842: 9838: 9835: 9833: 9830: 9828: 9825: 9823: 9820: 9818: 9815: 9813: 9810: 9809: 9808: 9805: 9803: 9800: 9796: 9793: 9792: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9782: 9780: 9778: 9774: 9768: 9765: 9763: 9760: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9734: 9731: 9729: 9726: 9724: 9721: 9719: 9716: 9715: 9714: 9711: 9709: 9706: 9704: 9701: 9699: 9696: 9695: 9694: 9691: 9685: 9682: 9681: 9680: 9677: 9673: 9672:Protestantism 9670: 9666: 9663: 9662: 9661: 9658: 9654: 9651: 9650: 9649: 9646: 9642: 9638: 9635: 9634: 9633: 9630: 9629: 9628: 9625: 9624: 9623: 9620: 9619: 9617: 9615: 9611: 9603: 9600: 9599: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9592:Sovereigntism 9590: 9588: 9585: 9581: 9580: 9576: 9575: 9574: 9571: 9567: 9564: 9563: 9562: 9559: 9557: 9554: 9552: 9549: 9547: 9544: 9542: 9539: 9537: 9534: 9532: 9529: 9525: 9522: 9520: 9517: 9516: 9515: 9512: 9508: 9505: 9504: 9503: 9500: 9498: 9495: 9493: 9490: 9488: 9487:Scholasticism 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9454: 9452: 9450: 9446: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9419: 9418: 9415: 9411: 9408: 9407: 9406: 9403: 9399: 9396: 9394: 9391: 9390: 9389: 9386: 9382: 9379: 9378: 9377: 9374: 9372: 9369: 9365: 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9351: 9350: 9347: 9343: 9340: 9339: 9338: 9335: 9331: 9328: 9327: 9326: 9323: 9319: 9316: 9314: 9311: 9310: 9309: 9306: 9304: 9301: 9299: 9296: 9294: 9291: 9287: 9284: 9283: 9282: 9279: 9277: 9274: 9270: 9267: 9266: 9265: 9262: 9258: 9255: 9254: 9253: 9250: 9246: 9243: 9242: 9241: 9238: 9236: 9233: 9229: 9226: 9225: 9224: 9221: 9219: 9216: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9202: 9199: 9198: 9197: 9194: 9193: 9191: 9189: 9185: 9177: 9176:War on terror 9174: 9172: 9169: 9168: 9167: 9164: 9160: 9157: 9155: 9152: 9150: 9147: 9145: 9142: 9140: 9137: 9135: 9132: 9130: 9127: 9125: 9122: 9120: 9117: 9115: 9112: 9110: 9107: 9105: 9102: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9077: 9075: 9072: 9071: 9070: 9069:Modern period 9067: 9065: 9062: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9044: 9043: 9040: 9036: 9033: 9032: 9031: 9028: 9026: 9023: 9022: 9020: 9018: 9014: 9008: 9005: 9003: 9000: 8998: 8995: 8993: 8990: 8984: 8981: 8979: 8976: 8975: 8974: 8971: 8969: 8966: 8964: 8961: 8959: 8956: 8955: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8940: 8938: 8934: 8930: 8926: 8925:Western world 8919: 8914: 8912: 8907: 8905: 8900: 8899: 8896: 8884: 8876: 8874: 8869: 8864: 8863: 8860: 8850: 8847: 8845: 8842: 8840: 8837: 8835: 8832: 8830: 8827: 8825: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8816: 8814: 8810: 8804: 8801: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8786: 8782: 8781: 8780: 8777: 8775: 8772: 8771: 8769: 8765: 8759: 8756: 8754: 8751: 8749: 8746: 8744: 8741: 8739: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8715: 8712: 8710: 8707: 8705: 8702: 8700: 8697: 8695: 8692: 8691: 8689: 8687: 8683: 8677: 8674: 8670: 8667: 8666: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8659:Popular piety 8657: 8655: 8652: 8650: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8635: 8632: 8628: 8625: 8624: 8623: 8620: 8616: 8613: 8611: 8608: 8606: 8603: 8601: 8598: 8596: 8593: 8592: 8591: 8588: 8584: 8581: 8580: 8579: 8576: 8575: 8573: 8571: 8567: 8564: 8558: 8552: 8549: 8547: 8544: 8540: 8537: 8536: 8535: 8532: 8530: 8527: 8525: 8522: 8521: 8519: 8517: 8513: 8505: 8502: 8501: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8492: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8454: 8453: 8450: 8446: 8443: 8441: 8440:People of God 8438: 8436: 8433: 8431: 8428: 8426: 8423: 8422: 8421: 8418: 8416: 8413: 8411: 8408: 8404: 8401: 8400: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8368: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8330: 8327: 8325: 8322: 8320: 8317: 8315: 8312: 8311: 8310: 8307: 8306: 8304: 8302: 8298: 8286: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8270: 8268: 8266: 8262: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8239: 8236: 8235: 8234: 8231: 8230: 8228: 8226: 8222: 8216: 8213: 8209: 8206: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8150: 8149: 8146: 8144: 8141: 8139: 8136: 8134: 8131: 8130: 8128: 8126: 8122: 8119: 8116: 8112: 8107: 8106:Denominations 8103: 8091: 8088: 8087: 8086: 8083: 8081: 8078: 8076: 8075:Enlightenment 8073: 8071: 8068: 8066: 8063: 8061: 8058: 8057: 8055: 8053: 8049: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8014: 8012: 8010: 8006: 8000: 7997: 7995: 7992: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7979: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7968: 7965: 7963: 7960: 7959: 7957: 7955: 7951: 7943: 7940: 7939: 7938: 7935: 7933: 7930: 7926: 7923: 7921: 7918: 7916: 7913: 7911: 7908: 7906: 7903: 7901: 7898: 7896: 7893: 7891: 7888: 7886: 7883: 7881: 7878: 7876: 7873: 7872: 7871: 7868: 7867: 7865: 7863: 7857: 7854: 7851: 7845: 7840: 7836: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7801: 7799: 7795: 7789: 7788:New Testament 7786: 7784: 7783:Old Testament 7781: 7779: 7776: 7775: 7773: 7771: 7767: 7763: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7749: 7747: 7744: 7742: 7739: 7737: 7734: 7732: 7729: 7727: 7724: 7723: 7720: 7716: 7709: 7704: 7702: 7697: 7695: 7690: 7689: 7686: 7678: 7677: 7671: 7665: 7664: 7660: 7659: 7650: 7646: 7643: 7639: 7635: 7632: 7629:, in series, 7628: 7624: 7623: 7612: 7611: 7604: 7600: 7599: 7593: 7589: 7588: 7582: 7578: 7577: 7571: 7567: 7566: 7560: 7556: 7555: 7549: 7545: 7544: 7538: 7534: 7533: 7527: 7523: 7522: 7517: 7513: 7512: 7506: 7502: 7501: 7496: 7493: 7489: 7487:is available) 7486: 7482: 7478:Hull, Moses. 7477: 7476: 7471: 7470: 7464: 7463: 7457: 7453: 7452: 7446: 7442: 7441: 7436: 7432: 7426: 7421: 7420: 7413: 7412: 7407: 7406: 7401: 7400: 7395: 7391: 7387: 7381: 7377: 7373: 7369: 7365: 7363:0-89526-038-7 7359: 7354: 7353: 7347: 7343: 7342: 7338: 7337: 7324: 7322:9781856840453 7318: 7314: 7309: 7308: 7299: 7293: 7292:0-86554-493-X 7289: 7285: 7279: 7270: 7262: 7261: 7255: 7247: 7239: 7233: 7218: 7214: 7208: 7201: 7195: 7181:on 2013-07-30 7180: 7176: 7169: 7161: 7155: 7140: 7134: 7132: 7117:on 2017-05-25 7113: 7106: 7100: 7094: 7088: 7084: 7083: 7078: 7071: 7057: 7053: 7047: 7033: 7029: 7023: 7009: 7005: 6999: 6985: 6981: 6975: 6960: 6954: 6940: 6936: 6930: 6916:on 2008-05-11 6915: 6911: 6905: 6891: 6887: 6886:"El Salvador" 6881: 6867: 6863: 6857: 6843: 6839: 6833: 6819:on 2010-06-15 6818: 6814: 6808: 6793: 6789: 6783: 6776:. 2011-12-19. 6775: 6769: 6754: 6752:9781615353668 6748: 6744: 6743: 6736: 6728: 6726:9780674057418 6722: 6718: 6714: 6713: 6705: 6697: 6695:9780674057418 6691: 6687: 6683: 6682: 6674: 6666: 6660: 6656: 6649: 6642: 6636: 6632: 6628: 6624: 6618: 6600: 6593: 6592: 6587: 6581: 6566: 6565: 6560: 6553: 6546: 6540: 6526: 6522: 6516: 6514: 6505: 6504: 6496: 6482: 6478: 6471: 6457: 6453: 6446: 6440: 6434: 6426: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6408: 6407: 6399: 6391: 6387: 6386:Jenner, Henry 6381: 6373: 6369: 6363: 6348: 6344: 6340: 6334: 6326: 6319: 6311: 6310: 6304: 6296: 6294: 6292: 6284: 6280: 6274: 6265: 6256: 6249: 6244: 6237: 6232: 6224: 6217: 6210: 6204: 6197: 6193: 6187: 6180: 6175: 6168: 6164: 6160: 6156: 6150: 6142: 6135: 6128: 6123: 6116: 6111: 6104: 6099: 6092: 6087: 6080: 6075: 6069: 6065: 6061: 6057: 6051: 6036: 6030: 6026: 6025: 6020: 6014: 6007: 6006:0-521-36105-2 6003: 5999: 5993: 5986: 5981: 5974: 5971:Karl Heussi, 5968: 5960: 5954: 5950: 5943: 5929:on 2018-10-05 5928: 5924: 5920: 5914: 5908: 5903: 5896: 5895:0-521-36105-2 5892: 5888: 5882: 5874: 5868: 5864: 5863: 5855: 5847: 5841: 5837: 5836: 5828: 5826: 5817: 5813: 5812:Kim, Kirsteen 5809: 5803: 5795: 5791: 5787: 5785:9780199767465 5781: 5777: 5773: 5769: 5765: 5761: 5757: 5751: 5744: 5738: 5730: 5728:9780931888755 5724: 5720: 5713: 5711: 5694: 5690: 5684: 5678: 5677: 5667: 5660: 5654: 5635: 5631: 5624: 5618: 5616: 5600: 5596: 5590: 5582: 5576: 5570: 5564: 5548: 5547: 5539: 5537: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5505: 5490: 5486: 5479: 5464: 5460: 5453: 5446: 5440: 5431: 5423: 5422: 5416: 5408: 5401: 5400:Lazare (1903) 5396: 5387: 5379: 5378: 5372: 5364: 5356: 5355: 5347: 5339: 5335: 5334: 5326: 5317: 5308: 5298: 5289: 5280: 5271: 5262: 5247: 5241: 5237: 5236: 5228: 5226: 5217: 5211: 5207: 5206: 5198: 5190: 5189: 5181: 5173: 5167: 5163: 5162: 5154: 5147: 5146:Browning 1992 5142: 5136:, p. 47. 5135: 5130: 5124:, p. 42. 5123: 5118: 5109: 5100: 5093: 5088: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5066: 5057: 5055: 5045: 5030: 5029: 5024: 5017: 5010: 4999: 4993: 4989: 4988: 4983: 4977: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4960:Lightfoot tr. 4957: 4953: 4950: 4946: 4940: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4909: 4905: 4901: 4900:Acts 21:18–26 4897: 4893: 4888: 4880: 4878:9780813216836 4874: 4870: 4863: 4861: 4852: 4846: 4842: 4835: 4826: 4824: 4808: 4806:9780190287061 4802: 4798: 4793: 4792: 4786: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4774: 4765: 4759: 4751: 4745: 4737: 4731: 4716: 4714:9781101189993 4710: 4706: 4705: 4697: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4671: 4663: 4661: 4652: 4646: 4642: 4635: 4627: 4621: 4617: 4610: 4608: 4601:Chazan, p. 5. 4598: 4589: 4574: 4572:9780521616645 4568: 4564: 4563: 4555: 4548: 4537: 4535:9781579109844 4531: 4527: 4526: 4521: 4515: 4513: 4511: 4502: 4496: 4492: 4491: 4483: 4477: 4471: 4469: 4457: 4451: 4449: 4447: 4442: 4426: 4419: 4415: 4414:Monophysitism 4411: 4407: 4403: 4399: 4393: 4389: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4367: 4366: 4362: 4359: 4356: 4353: 4350: 4347: 4344: 4341: 4338: 4335: 4332: 4329: 4326: 4323: 4322: 4318: 4315: 4312: 4309: 4308:Caesaropapism 4306: 4305: 4299: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4268: 4265: 4259: 4252:Women's roles 4249: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4214: 4203: 4199: 4194: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4175: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4125: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4081: 4077: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4025: 4024:Old Testament 4019: 4015: 3999: 3991: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3977: 3973: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3960: 3959: 3956: 3953: 3948: 3928: 3920: 3917: 3914: 3911: 3909:Christianity 3908: 3907: 3898: 3890: 3887: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3875: 3866: 3858: 3855: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3843: 3834: 3826: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3814:Protestantism 3812: 3811: 3802: 3794: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3779: 3760: 3759: 3756:, 2010 data) 3755: 3749: 3747: 3743: 3742:Protestantism 3739: 3735: 3731: 3721: 3719: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3686:Liechtenstein 3683: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3611:North America 3608: 3607:Latin America 3604: 3596: 3591: 3586: 3575: 3571: 3565: 3555: 3552: 3547: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3521: 3517: 3515: 3511: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3486: 3481: 3477: 3471: 3467: 3457: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3443: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3426: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3403:Domesday Book 3400: 3396: 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3355:technological 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3336: 3334: 3330: 3326: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3298: 3292: 3288: 3284: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3254: 3243: 3240: 3232: 3222: 3218: 3212: 3211: 3206: 3205: 3200:This section 3198: 3189: 3188: 3179: 3175: 3170: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3159:Scholasticism 3156: 3152: 3151:school people 3148: 3144: 3143:Scholasticism 3140: 3136: 3132: 3127: 3126:Scholasticism 3123: 3113: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3093: 3091: 3087: 3079: 3074: 3064: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3041: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3015: 3010: 3006: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2983: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2946: 2943: 2935: 2931: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2880: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2854: 2849: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2824:in which the 2823: 2819: 2811: 2806: 2801: 2791: 2789: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2776:Old Testament 2773: 2769: 2765: 2764:Christian art 2760: 2759:Christian art 2750: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2715: 2711: 2696: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2626: 2624: 2623:valetudinaria 2620: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2592: 2588: 2587:Christian art 2584: 2580: 2576: 2575:Roman Empires 2572: 2567: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2548:Western World 2545: 2541: 2537: 2533: 2527: 2523: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2506: 2502: 2492: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2477: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2438: 2434: 2428: 2423: 2422:observed that 2421: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2407: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2364: 2355: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2336: 2334: 2330: 2326: 2321: 2317: 2313: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2278: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2240: 2236: 2230: 2226: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2183: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2171: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2129: 2127: 2120: 2115: 2113: 2108: 2105: 2101: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2086: 2082: 2081: 2076: 2072: 2071: 2066: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1987: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1945: 1943: 1942: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1925: 1924: 1919: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1873: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1849: 1845: 1834: 1833: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1816: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1774: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1739:disintegrated 1737: 1732: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1687:in 325 whose 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1669: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1604:up to AD 325) 1603: 1598: 1592: 1588: 1584: 1580: 1575: 1570: 1566: 1556: 1554: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1539:According to 1537: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1516: 1512: 1502: 1501: 1494:Χριστιανισμός 1490: 1485: 1484:(overseers). 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1455: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1422: 1418: 1408: 1406: 1402: 1401:Western World 1398: 1397: 1392: 1391: 1386: 1385: 1384:Western world 1378: 1373: 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282: 280: 277: 276: 270: 267: 265: 262: 261: 257: 256: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 219: 216: 212: 209: 207: 204: 202: 199: 198: 197: 194: 192: 189: 188: 185: 180: 179: 172: 169: 167: 164: 162: 159: 157: 154: 152: 149: 147: 146:New Testament 144: 142: 141:Old Testament 139: 138: 131: 129: 126: 125: 121: 120: 113: 110: 108: 105: 103: 100: 98: 95: 93: 90: 88: 85: 84: 78: 75: 73: 70: 69: 65: 64: 60: 56: 55: 52: 49: 48: 44: 40: 39: 32: 19: 10148:Ecclesiology 10102:Western Bloc 9902:AUSCANNZUKUS 9858:Contemporary 9807:Human rights 9653:Latin Church 9627:Christianity 9577: 9536:Conservatism 9381:contemporary 9218:Architecture 9154:World War II 9114:Emancipation 9109:Abolitionism 9006: 8997:Romanization 8992:Roman legacy 8973:Roman Empire 8783: 8773: 8578:Architecture 8472:Confirmation 8420:Ecclesiology 8351:Original sin 8341:Nicene Creed 8138:Old Catholic 8022:Papal States 7954:Great Church 7920:Resurrection 7862:Christianity 7819:New Covenant 7770:(Scriptures) 7715:Christianity 7674: 7648: 7641: 7637: 7630: 7626: 7613:. W. Baynes. 7608: 7597: 7586: 7575: 7564: 7553: 7542: 7531: 7520: 7510: 7499: 7461: 7450: 7439: 7418: 7398: 7375: 7351: 7334:Bibliography 7306: 7298: 7283: 7278: 7269: 7258: 7246: 7232: 7221:. Retrieved 7216: 7207: 7199: 7194: 7183:. Retrieved 7179:the original 7168: 7143:. Retrieved 7119:. Retrieved 7112:the original 7099: 7080: 7070: 7059:. Retrieved 7055: 7046: 7035:. Retrieved 7031: 7022: 7011:. Retrieved 7007: 6998: 6987:. Retrieved 6983: 6974: 6963:. Retrieved 6953: 6942:. Retrieved 6938: 6929: 6918:. Retrieved 6914:the original 6904: 6893:. Retrieved 6889: 6880: 6869:. Retrieved 6865: 6856: 6845:. Retrieved 6841: 6838:"Costa Rica" 6832: 6821:. Retrieved 6817:the original 6807: 6795:. Retrieved 6791: 6782: 6768: 6756:. Retrieved 6741: 6735: 6711: 6704: 6680: 6673: 6654: 6648: 6630: 6617: 6606:, retrieved 6599:the original 6590: 6580: 6568:. Retrieved 6562: 6552: 6544: 6539: 6528:. Retrieved 6524: 6502: 6495: 6484:. Retrieved 6480: 6470: 6459:. 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In the 2290:modernity 2251:feudalism 2089:mysticism 1973:Crusaders 1928:community 1786:Byzantine 1755:Pentarchy 1703:with the 1626:theocracy 1506:καθολικός 1454:Jerusalem 878:Early art 655:Symbolism 615:Ecumenism 605:Criticism 483:Moravian 478:Methodist 448:Adventist 319:Augustine 269:Tradition 243:Salvation 112:Ascension 10067:Schengen 9997:Eurozone 9837:Property 9832:Religion 9723:Frankish 9713:Germanic 9693:Paganism 9614:Religion 9602:European 9514:Humanism 9417:Religion 9376:Painting 9342:Internet 9293:Folklore 9264:Clothing 9235:Calendar 9211:Cyrillic 9196:Alphabet 9159:Cold War 8883:Category 8748:Pacifism 8562:features 8546:Politics 8499:Ablution 8467:Marriage 8371:Catholic 8301:Theology 8208:Reformed 8188:Lutheran 8183:Holiness 8163:Anglican 8133:Catholic 8037:Crusades 7982:Nicaea I 7932:Apostles 7905:Miracles 7900:Parables 7890:Ministry 7880:Nativity 7844:timeline 7741:Prophets 7736:Glossary 7661:Websites 7396:(1903). 7374:(2006). 7348:(2005). 7217:BBC News 7154:cite web 7028:"Norway" 7004:"Monaco" 6347:Archived 6157:(2002), 6021:(1999). 5814:(2008). 5772:New York 5758:(2011). 5699:June 26, 5634:Archived 5302:America. 5073:(1911). 4892:Acts 3:1 4787:(2001). 4522:(2002). 4406:Arianism 4302:See also 4280:marriage 4139:and the 4122:Galerius 3926:Growing 3904:Growing 3896:Growing 3840:Growing 3832:Growing 3800:Growing 3480:printing 3395:sawmills 3375:building 3361:and the 3345:used in 3266:geometry 3213:instead. 2968:Biblical 2945:Imperial 2934:Bulgaria 2873:calfskin 2747:allegory 2693:polygamy 2470:Austrian 2433:theology 2402:and the 2346:and the 2267:absolute 2007:Ottomans 1995:Crusades 1955:and the 1862:Crusades 1829:oratores 1780:crowned 1681:convoked 1652:and the 1610:medieval 1581:and the 1536:in 325. 1528:and the 1500:catholic 1277:politics 835:Holidays 739:a series 737:Part of 673:Glossary 620:Glossary 503:Reformed 473:Lutheran 458:Anglican 392:Catholic 334:Crusades 324:Ignatius 314:Councils 279:Apostles 184:Theology 97:Ministry 87:Nativity 43:a series 41:Part of 9912:Benelux 9817:Thought 9767:Atheism 9708:Finnish 9684:Culture 9679:Judaism 9641:Eastern 9637:Western 9632:Culture 9566:Paradox 9432:Decline 9393:Science 9269:History 9257:Studies 9240:Cuisine 9228:Periods 9188:Culture 9017:History 8983:Eastern 8978:Western 8929:culture 8812:Related 8605:Trinity 8570:Culture 8534:Science 8504:Hygiene 8494:Mission 8477:Penance 8457:Baptism 8393:Worship 8366:Liturgy 8314:Trinity 8225:Eastern 8203:Quakers 8168:Baptist 8125:Western 8115:members 7885:Baptism 7839:History 7829:Worship 7731:Outline 7077:"World" 6980:"Malta" 6040:17 June 5083:(ed.). 4968:edition 4920:Annales 4286:to the 4084:council 4050:or the 4046:or the 4038:in the 3934:Stable 3698:Romania 3678:Iceland 3666:Georgia 3642:Armenia 3615:Oceania 3510:Taccola 3434:compass 3423:bellows 3407:Britain 3325:Buridan 3321:Aquinas 3262:Science 3045:Symbols 3022:Panagia 2948:imagery 2930:Preslav 2857:papyrus 2853:codices 2725:is any 2685:slavery 2642:Jesuits 2638:clerics 2462:Russian 2392:atheism 2100:Erasmus 2022:pogroms 2011:Balkans 2009:in the 2001:in the 1982:on the 1971:, when 1930:of all 1914:pontiff 1904:to the 1798:culture 1734:As the 1660:. 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