1027:(EIA); they are effectively quarantined, however, by allowing no riding or camping with privately owned horses along the mainland shore during the insect season which stretches from mid-May to October. Due to their treatment as wild animals, ponies from the Maryland herd can be aggressive, and there have been reports of them tearing down tents and biting, kicking and knocking down visitors. In 2010, after an increase in biting incidents, the National Park Service implemented new measures for educating visitors about the ponies. These measures included new safety information in brochures and recommended viewing distances between the visitors and the ponies. There is also some danger to the ponies from the visitors: ponies have become ill from being fed inappropriate human foods, and on average one Maryland pony a year is killed by a car. Since 1991 there has been a "Pony Patrol", where volunteers on bikes patrol the island, educating visitors about the ponies.
1114:
983:
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627:
794:
40:
848:. The 2020 online auction raised $ 388,000 from the sale of 68 ponies; and in the 2021 online auction, 75 ponies, including 10 buybacks, were auctioned for $ 416,950. The auction returned to being in-person in 2022, and raised a record $ 450,200 from the sale of 63 ponies, including 10 buybacks. Prices averaged out to about ~$ 7,000 per pony, with prices rising to $ 32,000 for the highest price paid for a pony, and $ 2,500 the lowest price paid.
882:
564:
1092:, although they make the swim to Chincoteague only once per year. In addition, continual monitoring and basic first aid for any minor injuries is performed by a committee from the fire department. Such intervention is needed because many of the ponies will be brought into the general horse population through the auction and purchase by private buyers. During the veterinary visits, they are also tested for EIA.
314:(able to live on little food). In the late 19th century, one author praised their "good manners and gentle disposition" while reporting the story of one pony who was ridden a distance of around 1,000 miles (1,600 km) in 34 days by a man with equipment, a load that weighed around 160 pounds (73 kg)—the pony weighed approximately 500 pounds (230 kg).
979:, social structure, ecology, remote contraceptive delivery and pregnancy testing, and the effects of human intervention on other wild animal populations. There are few other wildlife populations of any species worldwide that have been studied in as much detail over as long a period as the Maryland herd of Chincoteague ponies.
207:. The Virginia ponies are treated to twice-yearly veterinary inspections, which prepare them for life among the general equine population if they are sold at auction. While only around 300 feral ponies live on Assateague Island, around 1,000 more live off-island, having been purchased or bred by private breeders.
857:
ICPAR registers half-Chincoteague Ponies from private breeders. The
Chincoteague Pony Association (CPA) was founded by the Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company in 1994, and closed in 2012. Many ponies are registered with multiple associations, especially if they are half-Chincoteague pony crosses with other
1064:. In 1962, several ponies were trapped in an enclosure by high water and died when they were carried out to sea during a storm. Unlike the Maryland herd, ponies on the Virginia side of the island are fenced off from roadways to prevent auto accidents and to discourage visitors from feeding the ponies.
811:
In 1909, the last
Wednesday and Thursday of July were designated as the annual days for pony penning, still taking place on both Assateague and Chincoteague Islands. However, in the early 1920s, much of Assateague Island was purchased by a wealthy farmer, forcing many settlers to move to Chincoteague
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at the injection site, which normally heals within two weeks. Each mare between two and four years old is given contraceptives, and treatment is then withdrawn until she produces a foal. Once she has produced enough foals to be well represented genetically within the herd, she is placed on a yearly
820:
was completed that connected the island to the
Virginia mainland. After a pair of fires ravaged Chincoteague Island that same year, the Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company was established. In 1924, the first official Pony Penning Day was held, where the foals were auctioned at $ 25–50 each to raise
807:
In 1835, the first written description of "pony penning" (roundup) appeared, though the practice of rounding up livestock on the island existed for many years before that. Initially, unclaimed animals were marked for ownership by groups of settlers. By 1885, the event had become a festival day, and
186:
ponies live on
Assateague Island. The entire island is owned by the federal government and is split by a fence at the Maryland/Virginia state line, with a herd of around 150 ponies living on the Virginia side of the fence, and 80 on the Maryland side. The herds live on land managed by two different
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In 2019, the Beebee Ranch lost their horse barn in a fire. No horses were injured. In
February 2023, the Beebe family decided to sell Beebe Ranch after over 100 years of owning the property. They considered offers from several developers, but declined offers that were not focused on preserving the
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population, and their efforts have sometimes endangered the
Chincoteague herd. Due to the placement of fences by the FWS, a reduced amount of land is available for grazing by the ponies. The fencing also prevents them from reaching the sea, where they often went to escape biting insects, including
1001:
have been employed, proving 95 percent effective over a seven-year field trial. The contraceptive, which began to be used at a management level in 1995 although it was used in smaller amounts as early as 1989, has also proven effective at improving the health and increasing the life expectancy of
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By 1923, all parts of pony penning except for the actual roundup had moved to
Chincoteague Island, with the ponies being transported by truck for the first two years before the annual swim was begun. By the early 1900s, Chincoteague Island had been established as a tourism and sport haven, and in
1067:
In the late 20th century, some ponies previously sold at auction were returned to
Assateague Island when population numbers threatened to drop below the targeted numbers due to large numbers of deaths from storms or other issues. Since 1990, the ponies from the Virginia herd have been rounded up
856:
The
National Chincoteague Pony Association (NCPA) was founded in 1985, and the International Chincoteague Pony Association and Registry (ICPAR) was founded in 2021. The associations maintain a studbook and register ponies from the annual fire company auction and ponies from private breeders. The
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As many as 50,000 visitors gather on the last
Wednesday in July to watch mounted riders bring the Virginia herd from Assateague and swim them across the channel to Chincoteague Island. The swim takes five to ten minutes, with both the rider and the observers on hand to assist horses, especially
893:
and the smaller southern section within Virginia. Two separate herds of ponies live on Assateague Island, separated by a fence that runs along the Maryland-Virginia state border. Though descended from the same original stock, the Maryland feral ponies are called "Assateague horses" and are
597:. Other evidence points to their ancestors actually being horses brought to the islands in the 17th century by mainland farmers. Livestock on the islands were not subject to taxes or fencing laws, and so many animals, including hogs, sheep, cattle and horses, were brought to the islands.
974:
The Maryland herd, often called the Assateague herd, is owned and managed by the National Park Service. Its presence on a relatively small and naturally confined area has made it ideal for scientific study. Since the late 1970s, scientists have used the herd to conduct studies on feral
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older mares through the removal of pregnancy and lactation-related stress. Since 1990, general herd health has improved, early mortality has decreased and older ponies are now found, with many over the age of 20 and some even over 25. No horse has ever been injured during the
523:, while others have more elegant and "refined" body types. The stockier types are considered to be the "Traditional Type" of pony, while more "refined" ponies are considered to the "Sport Type" variety. "Traditional Type" Chincoteague ponies typically stand from 11 to 13.3
836:
As of 2015, the highest price paid for a pony was $ 25,000, and the lowest price was $ 500. Some ponies are purchased under "buy back" conditions, where the bidder donates the money to the fire department but allows the pony to be released back onto Assateague Island.
511:
on Chincoteague ponies continues to be seen today, with many Chincoteague ponies having the refined, wedge-shaped heads, a broad forehead, large eyes, large nostrils, and small muzzles – or the "concave, dished profile" – seen with many
604:, which owns the ponies on the Virginia side of Assateague, argues that the Spanish shipwreck theory is correct. They argue that horses were too valuable in the 17th century to have been left to run wild on the island, and claim that there are two sunken Spanish
1022:
Other than the contraceptive and treatment in emergencies, ponies from the Maryland herd are treated much like other wildlife, with no extra attention paid to them by Park Service employees. It is thought likely that the Maryland herd carries
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60 to approximately 70 foals are born into the Chincoteague herd each year. The annual Pony Pennings are used to maintain the herd size at around 150 animals. Since 1943, the FWS has been working on the island to protect and increase the
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treatment plan until her death. After the introduction of the contraceptive, herd numbers continued to rise to a high of 175 in 2001 to 2005, but then dropped significantly to around 130 in 2009. In 2009, a study determined that
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was built to preserve the inlet as a navigation channel. As a result of the jetties disrupting sand movement in the area, the island has drifted westward, and the two landmasses are now over 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) apart.
278:
in the Chincoteague; new bloodlines began to be introduced in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Due to outside bloodlines being added to the Chincoteague herd, there is some variation in physical characteristics and
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farm. As of April 2023, the 10-acre property is currently under contract to be sold to the Museum of Chincoteague Island and the Misty of Chincoteague Foundation for $ 625,000 to preserve the location as a historic site.
966:. Chincoteague ponies require up to twice as much water as most horses require due to the saltiness of their diet. The increased amount of water that they drink contributes to many ponies appearing to be bloated or fat.
2401:
considered to originate wholly or partly in Canada and the United States. Many have complex or obscure histories, so inclusion here does not necessarily imply that a breed is predominantly or exclusively from those
2304:
905:
feral ponies are called "Chincoteague ponies", and are owned by Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Department. In 1943, the entire island was purchased by the federal government and divided into two protected areas,
691:(48 inches, 122 cm). This was partially due to the limited and poor-quality feed found on the islands, although this harsh habitat also allowed only the hardiest and most adaptable ponies to survive.
914:
in Virginia. The two herds lie under the jurisdiction of different governmental agencies, and different management strategies have been applied to each herd. The Maryland section of Assateague also contains
1530:
825:
foals, who may have a hard time with the crossing. Before the swim, the herd is evaluated and mares in the late stages of pregnancy and those with very young foals are removed from the herd to be
676:, riding and general taming work, with many ponies eventually becoming cherished and obedient animals. The annual event has continued in the same fashion almost uninterrupted to the present day.
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2196:
660:, and were described at that time as "very diminutive, but many of them are of perfect symmetry and extraordinary powers of action and endurance". In the early 1800s, Virginia governor
1157:
The publicity assisted the Chincoteague Fire Department and the breed in remaining viable into the 21st century. While fictionalized, the books were based on a real horse and ranch on
2277:
250:. Horses with pinto coloration tend to sell for the most money at the annual auction, and are a favorite among breed enthusiasts, as the coat patterning was made popular by the 1947
833:, which is treated by on-site veterinarians. Larger foals are auctioned the next day and the majority of the herd, including any young foals, are returned to Assateague on Friday.
1816:
2223:
2033:
Eggert, Lori S.; Powell, David M.; Ballou, Jonathan D.; Malo, Aurelio F.; Turner, Allison; Kumer, Jack; Zimmerman, Carl; Fleischer, Robert C.; Maldonado, JesĂşs E. (2010).
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off the Virginia coast in support of their theory. The National Chincoteague Pony Association also promotes the shipwreck theory. In 2022, a DNA study of a 500-year-old
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1917:
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two days of horse and sheep roundups were held on Assateague and Chincoteague Islands. While the sheep population diminished over time, the pony population grew.
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2827:
1538:
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stallion Premierre ("Premier") was brought to Chincoteague to breed with native mares by Stanley White of Grandeur Arabians; Premier was later released out on
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began, with residents rounding up a number of ponies and relocating them to the mainland. In 1924, the first official "Pony Penning Day" was held by the
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2004:
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All of Chincoteague Island lies within Virginia state lines, while Assateague Island is split between two states—a larger northern portion in
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plants and brush. This poor-quality (and often seasonally-scarce) food source—combined with uncontrolled inbreeding—created a propensity for
1943:
1186:
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blood was added in the hopes of adding refinement and height to the breed, as well as increasing the length of their legs; blood from the
687:. Misshapen legs, narrow chests, poor bone and a lack of substance plagued the breed, with many stunted animals not growing above 12
616:
indicated that its closest genetic relative was the Chincoteague pony, supporting the theory that the ponies are descended from colonial
238:(58 inches, 147 cm) when domesticated and provided better nutrition. They generally weigh around 850 pounds (390 kg). All
295:
is rounded, with a thick, low-set tail. The breed's legs tend to be straight, with good, dense bone that makes them sound and sturdy.
2092:
706:; horses with pinto coloring were introduced to give the herd its common distinctive patterns, and contribute to the more horse-like
2250:
1639:"USGS Research Contributes to Assateague Island Restoration—Mitigating 70 Years of Coastal Erosion Due to Ocean City Inlet Jetties"
1921:
672:, where ponies were auctioned as a way to raise money for fire equipment. Some younger ponies are kept for domesticating, such as
1739:
1047:(FWS) allows the ponies to live on Assateague under a special use grazing permit, allowing approximately 150 adult ponies in the
195:. They are generally treated as wild animals, given no more or less assistance than any other species on the island, other than
187:
federal agencies with very different management strategies. Ponies from the Maryland herd (referred to in the literature of the
2352:
1638:
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Domesticated Chincoteagues are considered intelligent and willing to please. They are viewed as easy to train, and are used as
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The Chincoteague pony was added to the Code of Virginia § 1-510 (Official emblems and designations) as the designated pony of
1048:
911:
200:
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The Virginia herd, often called the Chincoteague herd, is owned and managed by the Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company. The
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money for fire equipment. Pony Penning Day has been held annually ever since, with the exception of 1942, 1943, and 2020.
2388:
919:, state-owned land where the ponies are allowed to roam, although the state plays little or no part in their management.
907:
601:
192:
1187:"An Act to amend and reenact § 1-510 of the Code of Virginia, relating to official emblems and designations; state pony"
1144:, the first in a series of novels that made the Chincoteague breed internationally famous. The real Misty was foaled on
600:
While the National Park Service holds to the theory that the horses were brought to the island in the 17th century, the
1715:
1552:
Delsol, Nicolas; Stucky, Brian J.; Oswald, Jessica A.; Reitz, Elizabeth J.; Emery, Kitty F.; Guralnick, Robert (2022).
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treatments to curb overpopulation. Conversely, the Virginia herd (referred to as Chincoteague ponies) lives within the
283:. In general, the breed tends to have a straight or slightly concave facial profile with a broad forehead and refined
1983:
1397:
1089:
1085:
613:
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genes: "A few island ponies pace, but they carry an infusion of the Canadian scrub blood." In 1976, restaurant owner
17:
2093:"Immunocontraceptive Reproductive Control Utilizing Porcine Zona Pellucida (PZP) in Federal Wild Horse Populations"
2125:
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1646:
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of the wild Chincoteague and Assateague pony herds also included regularly crossing native Chincoteague mares to
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in 1946, and was purchased as a weanling by Henry. In 1961, the publicity was increased even more when the film
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The island itself has also undergone change. At one time, the island was connected to the southernmost point of
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2182:
1725:
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released what one author called the "earliest printed testimony" on the Chincoteague. In 1835, the practice of
1615:"The Equine FFVs: A Study of the Evidence for the English Horses Imported to Virginia before the Revolution".
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1118:
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255:
176:
160:
1790:
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Striking Cadet ("Striking Gold") replaced him, and was crossed with Chincoteague mares from 2000-2002; the
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horses, the Chincoteague is most often referred to as a pony breed. Chincoteagues average around 13.2
204:
1842:
780:, separating the two landforms. After the storm, between 1933 and 1935, a permanent system of artificial
501:
stallions to the Chincoteague and Assateague herds from his own personal herd to help improve the breed.
155:
942:, which makes up around 80 percent of their food. This diet is supplemented by other vegetation such as
2822:
210:
The Code of Virginia § 1-510 was amended to name the Chincoteague Pony breed as the designated pony of
1690:
715:
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2614:
2474:
2449:
2008:
1420:
1138:
1024:
769:
765:. However, the Shackleford is a more isolated population, with no outside blood added to the herd.
484:
251:
69:
2032:
1165:, the home of Misty of Chincoteague, and to establish a museum with memorabilia from the series.
214:
by the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia in February 2023, effective July 1, 2023.
2739:
2639:
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342:
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1947:
284:
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2579:
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2424:
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2357:
1122:
922:
The feral ponies in both herds separate themselves into small bands, with most consisting of a
731:
544:
401:
334:
1387:
2832:
2817:
2594:
2524:
2489:
2444:
2035:"Pedigrees and the Study of the Wild Horse Population of Assateague Island National Seashore"
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in the 16th century. Another story holds that they descend from horses left on the island by
488:
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In the early 1900s, they were described as having been on the islands since well before the
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2709:
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2619:
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2544:
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negatively impacted their living environment. To manage population numbers, long-term, non-
777:
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548:
415:
338:
2278:"Beebe Ranch, home to Misty of Chincoteague, gets its savior with big museum announcement"
2099:
8:
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2464:
2439:
1275:
1158:
1145:
1113:
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artist Jack Woodson (c. 1920s), which depicts Chincoteague ponies as the descendants of "
631:
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389:
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275:
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diversity in the herd was quite low, most likely due to their isolation, but that their
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2704:
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2305:"Museum of Chincoteague Island hopes to save Beebe Ranch from being sold to developers"
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2065:
1870:
1592:
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480:
317:
Due to their small size and stature, Chincoteague ponies are often crossed with taller
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and neck. The shoulders are well angled, the ribs well sprung, the chest broad and the
1751:
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2569:
2509:
2178:
1979:
1721:
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1457:
1393:
1363:
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841:
758:
431:
377:
239:
143:
2077:
2057:
1765:
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Ponies often come into close contact with humans, even in their native environment.
840:
From 2020 to 2021, the Chincoteague annual pony auction was held online due to the
703:
635:
571:
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419:
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1689:. National Parks Conservation Association. August 2007. p. 19. Archived from
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2837:
2780:
2719:
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2584:
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1582:
861:. There are more than 1,000 Chincoteague ponies owned by private individuals off
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711:
498:
358:
303:
247:
2034:
1531:"Chincoteague Ponies: DNA Analysis Lends Credence To Spanish Shipwreck Folklore"
1507:
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between the islands. During the swim, some lactating mares become affected with
2770:
2724:
2559:
2529:
2150:
1554:"Analysis of the earliest complete mtDNA genome of a Caribbean colonial horse (
1161:. The Misty of Chincoteague Foundation was established in 1990 to preserve the
1035:
976:
762:
739:
673:
646:
626:
472:
462:
350:
346:
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1895:
793:
2811:
2694:
2609:
2574:
998:
866:
826:
719:
696:
661:
639:
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586:
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536:
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448:
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322:
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196:
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2519:
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1601:
1149:
845:
830:
802:
754:
727:
723:
665:
552:
527:, whereas "Sport Type" Chincoteague ponies stand at an average of 13 to 14
513:
397:
330:
326:
288:
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by the General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia in February 2023.
679:
During the 1920s, before the herds were managed by various agencies, many
454:
Calistoe also sired foals with Chincoteague mares in the 1990s and 2000s.
39:
2744:
2398:
2197:"Beebe Ranch fire: The rich legacy of Misty of Chincoteague's birthplace"
2098:(2nd ed.). American Wild Horse Preservation Campaign. Archived from
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991:
955:
858:
688:
574:
528:
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517:
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491:
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369:
318:
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243:
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139:
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89:
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1740:"Chincoteague pony swim poses unique challenges for local veterinarian"
963:
939:
692:
684:
476:
381:
362:
271:
135:
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2251:"Museum of Chincoteague Island to close deal on Beebe Ranch purchase"
2090:
2061:
1717:
America's Horses: A Celebration of the Horse Breeds Born in the U.S.A
1130:
1069:
935:
707:
643:
260:
223:
165:
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1843:"OFFICIAL NEWS RELEASE CONCERNING THE CHINCOTEAGUE PONY ASSOCIATION"
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468:
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1006:-administered treatments, although there is a 0.2 percent rate of
881:
471:" in an effort to improve the breed. The resulting foals from the
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remained at a level similar to that of breeds from the mainland.
1007:
959:
743:
649:
605:
563:
540:
531:, with the tallest individuals growing to a maximum of 15 hands.
408:
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2387:
1389:
The Colorful Chincoteague: Chincoteague Pony Colors and Patterns
1277:
The Colorful Chincoteague: Chincoteague Pony Colors and Patterns
990:
Herd numbers grew from 28 to over 165 between 1968 and 1997 and
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2684:
1077:
951:
870:
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Island and necessitating a change in the pony penning format.
594:
2224:"The Clock is Ticking to Save a Piece of Chincoteague History"
1896:"International Chincoteague Pony Association and Registry LLC"
1335:
Storey's Illustrated Guide to 96 Horse Breeds of North America
2624:
2342:
781:
773:
231:
183:
109:
1456:(1st American ed.). New York, NY: Dorling Kindersley.
934:. Ponies on Assateague have a diet that consists mainly of
931:
927:
844:, and the pony swim was cancelled for the first time since
699:
590:
465:
365:
173:
1946:. Maryland Department of Natural Resources. Archived from
1425:
International Chincoteague Pony Association & Registry
1770:
Chincoteague Island, Virginia First Official Tourist page
1684:"State of the Parks: Assateague Island National Seashore"
2338:
International Chincoteague Pony Association and Registry
1184:
1551:
1744:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
1451:
1247:
577:, as depicted by artist Carl Rakeman in his painting
461:
that an Assateague resident imported and released a "
182:
Although popularly known as Chincoteague ponies, the
154:. The Chincoteague pony is one of the many breeds of
2126:"Assateague Steps Up Wild Horse Educational Efforts"
1817:"Chincoteague Pony Auction sets new records in 2022"
1224:"Chincoteague Pony to Become Official Virginia Pony"
585:
Legend states that Chincoteague ponies descend from
1920:. International Museum of the Horse. Archived from
1766:"Official 2018 Chincoteague Island Pony Swim Guide"
1360:
Bailey's magazine of sports and pastimes, volume 60
1039:
Ponies in the Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge
753:The Chincoteague pony has a similar history to the
589:shipwrecked off the Virginia coast on their way to
396:stallions from the 1960s to the 1980s, including a
310:. In terms of health, they are generally hardy and
2177:. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing.
851:
2848:Tourist attractions in Worcester County, Maryland
1973:
134:of horse that developed, and now lives, within a
2843:Tourist attractions in Accomack County, Virginia
2809:
2091:Kirkpatrick, Jay F.; Fazio, Patricia M. (2009).
1737:
1667:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1505:
1203:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
2123:
1791:"Filly tops Chincoteague pony sale at $ 28,250"
1068:biannually for veterinary treatment, including
1636:
1617:The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography
1358:Lawley, F. (1893). "The Chincoteague Ponies".
1332:
683:faults were found—the effects of uncontrolled
426:named Gunner's Moon (1982-1983). In 1995, the
2828:Horse breeds originating in the United States
2373:
2151:"The Ponies of Chincoteague and Pony Penning"
1649:. Archived from the original on March 1, 2003
1632:
1630:
1193:. Archived from the original on May 16, 2023.
885:A pair of ponies in the marshes of Assateague
2389:Horse breeds of Canada and the United States
2028:
2026:
2007:. Oklahoma State University. Archived from
1248:Goode, Kristin Ingwell (October 10, 2001).
788:
630:A turn-of-the-century postcard advertising
2380:
2366:
1976:International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds
1720:. Guilford, Connecticut: The Lyons Press.
1627:
1357:
361:, and others – to produce
38:
2302:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1591:
1581:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1328:
1326:
1324:
772:. In August 1933, a hurricane created an
388:. Previous attempts at refining the poor
2171:Nan DeVincent-Hayes, Bo Bennett (2000).
2023:
1510:. National Chincoteague Pony Association
1322:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1221:
1112:
1034:
981:
880:
792:
625:
562:
217:
2248:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
270:Island Chincoteagues live on a diet of
230:(54 inches, 137 cm) in their
172:, and first published in 1947, and the
14:
2810:
2333:National Chincoteague Pony Association
2303:Patrickis, Caroline (March 13, 2023).
1999:
1997:
1995:
1962:
1714:Moira C. Harris, Bob Langrish (2006).
1528:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1438:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1222:Kelleher, Colleen (February 8, 2023).
750:was also added through crossbreeding.
234:state, but grow to at least 14.2
2361:
2221:
2117:
1708:
1351:
1301:
1049:Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge
912:Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge
201:Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge
2194:
1863:
1508:"The Chincoteague Pony History Page"
1385:
1273:
1230:
1217:
1215:
158:. The breed was made famous by the
2348:Chincoteague Pony Pedigree Database
2343:Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company
2174:Chincoteague and Assateague Islands
2165:
1992:
1875:Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company
1850:Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company
1470:
1421:"Chincoteague Pony Breed Standards"
1386:Geci, Amanda (September 19, 2020).
1374:
1274:Geci, Amanda (September 19, 2020).
908:Assateague Island National Seashore
670:Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company
602:Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company
479:, indicating the sire may have had
418:cross named Gordo (1979-1980); and
404:named Al-Marah Sunny Jim (1965); a
205:Chincoteague Volunteer Fire Company
193:Assateague Island National Seashore
24:
2249:Cechini, Hannah (April 24, 2023).
2153:. Chincoteague Chamber of Commerce
457:In 1896, Leonard D. Sale wrote in
191:as Assateague horses) live within
25:
2864:
2326:
2275:
2222:Orens, Kyle (February 28, 2023).
1814:
1212:
614:Puerto Real, Vieques, Puerto Rico
555:is allowed for the "Sport Type".
380:. Pony crosses also included the
156:feral horses in the United States
2124:LeMay, Courtney (June 7, 2010).
1978:. University of Oklahoma Press.
1873:. Chincoteague Island, VA, USA:
1848:. Chincoteague Island, VA, USA:
1637:Williams, Jeff (November 2002).
1529:Pinson, Jerald (July 27, 2022).
1030:
969:
2296:
2269:
2242:
2215:
2188:
2143:
2084:
1936:
1910:
1888:
1835:
1808:
1783:
1758:
1731:
1676:
1608:
1545:
1522:
1499:
1452:Edwards, Elwyn Hartley (1994).
938:, a coarse grass that grows in
852:Breed registry and preservation
702:blood was added to upgrade the
321: – such as the
242:are found in the breed, as are
2605:Kentucky Mountain Saddle Horse
2042:Journal of Wildlife Management
1413:
1267:
1185:General Assembly of Virginia.
1178:
634:, based on an oil painting by
13:
1:
1537:. Ray Paulick. Archived from
1454:The Encyclopedia of the Horse
1172:
1154:was made, based on the book.
1109:Misty of Chincoteague (novel)
876:
434:, where he died in 1999. The
92:(54 inches, 137 cm)
70:Chincoteague Pony Association
1583:10.1371/journal.pone.0270600
1487:. U.S. National Park Service
1045:US Fish and Wildlife Service
642:... the sole survivors of a
291:short with broad loins. The
246:, with the exception of the
7:
459:The Horse Review of Chicago
10:
2869:
1974:Hendricks, Bonnie (2007).
1558:) from 16th-century Haiti"
1485:"Assateague's Wild Horses"
1106:
800:
558:
516:. Some Chincoteagues have
2794:
2763:
2407:
2395:
1750:(9): 1377. Archived from
1738:Osborne, Malinda (2009).
1017:nuclear genetic diversity
718:were introduced in 1939.
716:Bureau of Land Management
400:named Skowreym (1962); a
103:
80:
75:
65:
57:
49:
37:
2670:North American Sportpony
2615:Lac La Croix Indian Pony
2475:American Sorraia Mustang
2450:American Miniature Horse
2353:Chincoteague Pony Centre
1102:
1025:equine infectious anemia
865:, spread throughout the
789:Pony penning and auction
755:Shackleford Banker Horse
579:1539 Coming of the Horse
570:, portrayed here as the
2740:Tennessee Walking Horse
2640:Mountain Pleasure Horse
1944:"Assateague State Park"
1623:(4): 365. October 1927.
1333:Dutson, Judith (2005).
757:, which comes from the
343:Tennessee Walking Horse
81:Distinguishing features
2853:Chincoteague, Virginia
2680:Pryor Mountain mustang
2470:American Shetland Pony
2460:American Quarter Horse
2425:American Belgian Draft
2420:American Bashkir Curly
1673:Archived 1 March 2003.
1647:U.S. Geological Survey
1506:Frederick, Gale Park.
1209:Archived May 16, 2023.
1126:
1123:Chincoteague, Virginia
1040:
987:
886:
798:
732:American Quarter Horse
653:
582:
545:American Quarter Horse
335:American Quarter Horse
203:, and is owned by the
2595:Florida Cracker Horse
2525:Camarillo White Horse
2490:American Walking Pony
2485:American Spotted Paso
2445:American Indian Horse
1815:Desai, Kamleshkumar.
1541:on November 13, 2023.
1337:. Storey Publishing.
1250:"Chincoteague Ponies"
1142:Misty of Chincoteague
1119:Misty of Chincoteague
1116:
1076:for diseases such as
1038:
985:
917:Assateague State Park
896:National Park Service
884:
796:
710:of the breed. Twenty
629:
566:
504:The influence of the
489:Bob Evans Restaurants
487:, the founder of the
256:Misty of Chincoteague
218:Breed characteristics
189:National Park Service
177:Misty of Chincoteague
161:Misty of Chincoteague
2798:List of horse breeds
2730:Spotted Saddle Horse
2710:Spanish Jennet Horse
2700:Rocky Mountain Horse
2675:Pony of the Americas
2620:Missouri Fox Trotter
2555:Carolina Marsh Tacky
2545:Canadian Sport Horse
2540:Canadian Rustic Pony
2500:American White Horse
2455:American Paint Horse
2435:American Crème Horse
2430:American Cream Draft
2011:on December 29, 2010
1696:on February 15, 2010
1604:. Art. No. e0270600.
1191:www.lis.virginia.gov
1090:Western encephalitis
778:Ocean City, Maryland
736:American Paint Horse
549:American Paint Horse
376:, as well as higher
339:American Paint Horse
146:in the US states of
126:, also known as the
110:Equus ferus caballus
27:American horse breed
2750:Virginia Highlander
2650:National Show Horse
2465:American Saddlebred
2440:American Drum Horse
2054:2010JWMan..74..963E
2005:"Chincoteague Pony"
1918:"Chincoteague Pony"
1574:2022PLoSO..1770600D
1159:Chincoteague Island
1146:Chincoteague Island
863:Chincoteague Island
658:American Revolution
632:Chincoteague Island
535:influence from the
276:conformation faults
164:novels, written by
34:
2786:Narragansett Pacer
2550:Canadian Warmblood
2495:American Warmblood
2415:Alberta Wild Horse
1392:. Self-published.
1280:. Self-published.
1127:
1041:
988:
894:maintained by the
887:
799:
797:Pony Penning, 2007
654:
583:
481:Narragansett Pacer
372:with more refined
88:height: 13.2
32:
2823:Assateague Island
2805:
2804:
2590:Cumberland Island
2570:Chincoteague Pony
2195:Gonzalez, Lucas.
1950:on April 19, 2011
1924:on August 2, 2012
1871:"Pony Swim Guide"
1754:on July 25, 2011.
1013:mitochondrial DNA
842:COVID-19 pandemic
761:off the coast of
759:Shackleford Banks
432:Assateague Island
378:genetic diversity
144:Assateague Island
124:Chincoteague pony
120:
119:
58:Country of origin
44:Chincoteague pony
33:Chincoteague pony
18:Chincoteague Pony
16:(Redirected from
2860:
2580:Colonial Spanish
2480:American Spotted
2382:
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2081:
2062:10.2193/2009-231
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1990:
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1957:
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1898:. Elgin, MN, USA
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1194:
1182:
1135:Marguerite Henry
910:in Maryland and
265:Marguerite Henry
170:Marguerite Henry
128:Assateague horse
112:
93:
53:Assateague horse
42:
35:
31:
21:
2868:
2867:
2863:
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2861:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2808:
2807:
2806:
2801:
2790:
2781:Conestoga Horse
2759:
2720:Spanish Mustang
2660:Nez Perce Horse
2635:Morocco Spotted
2585:Colorado Ranger
2510:Assateague Pony
2403:
2391:
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2105:on July 3, 2010
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1795:Horsetalk.co.nz
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1568:(7): e0270600.
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1362:. Bailey Bros.
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1183:
1179:
1175:
1139:children's book
1111:
1105:
1033:
972:
879:
854:
805:
791:
748:Spanish Mustang
561:
514:Arabian crosses
499:Spanish Mustang
475:sire were also
359:Spanish Mustang
248:leopard complex
220:
116:
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99:
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2771:Canadian Pacer
2767:
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2725:Spanish Norman
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2567:
2565:Cherokee Horse
2562:
2560:Cerbat mustang
2557:
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2542:
2537:
2535:Canadian Pinto
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2397:These are the
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2327:External links
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2276:Demko, Keith.
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2048:(5): 963–973.
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1556:Equus caballus
1544:
1535:Paulick Report
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1287:979-8682856534
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1107:Main article:
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977:horse behavior
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801:Main article:
790:
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770:Fenwick Island
763:North Carolina
740:Canadian horse
640:Arabian horses
587:Spanish horses
568:Spanish horses
560:
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494:, donated two
351:Friesian horse
347:Canadian horse
244:pinto patterns
224:phenotypically
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142:population on
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2833:Feral horses
2818:Horse breeds
2796:
2735:Standardbred
2715:Spanish Barb
2705:Sable Island
2690:Quarter Pony
2655:Newfoundland
2408:Contemporary
2399:horse breeds
2313:. Retrieved
2311:. ABC 7 News
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2282:Delmarva Now
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1821:Delmarva Now
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859:horse breeds
855:
846:World War II
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831:hypocalcemia
823:
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803:Pony Penning
767:
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728:Thoroughbred
724:Morgan horse
681:conformation
678:
666:pony penning
655:
612:tooth from
599:
584:
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553:Thoroughbred
533:Conformation
521:conformation
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390:conformation
374:conformation
331:Thoroughbred
327:Morgan horse
319:horse breeds
316:
312:easy keepers
308:trail ponies
297:
281:conformation
269:
254:
240:solid colors
221:
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127:
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121:
107:
29:
2600:Kanata Pony
2284:. USA Today
2255:47 ABC WMDT
2203:. USA Today
2109:January 14,
2015:January 13,
1954:January 17,
1902:October 13,
1855:October 13,
1823:. USA Today
1700:December 3,
1653:December 3,
1643:Sound Waves
1514:January 15,
1163:Beebe Ranch
992:overgrazing
956:beach grass
954:, American
644:shipwrecked
575:horse breed
518:stock horse
285:throatlatch
50:Other names
2812:Categories
2402:countries.
2309:ABC 7 WJLA
2257:. ABC News
2230:. CBS News
2183:0738505625
1726:1592288936
1463:1564586146
1344:1580176135
1173:References
1121:stands in
964:poison ivy
952:greenbriar
930:and their
926:, several
877:Management
693:Welsh pony
685:inbreeding
621:bloodstock
572:Andalusian
529:hands high
525:hands high
382:Welsh pony
272:salt marsh
136:semi-feral
96:all colors
2776:Chickasaw
2505:Appaloosa
2130:The Horse
1254:The Horse
1131:pony book
1129:In 1947,
1070:deworming
1062:mosquitos
944:rose hips
936:cordgrass
827:trailered
776:south of
708:phenotype
636:Virginian
551:, and/or
492:franchise
485:Bob Evans
261:pony book
166:pony book
2530:Canadian
2315:June 21,
2288:June 21,
2261:June 21,
2234:June 21,
2207:June 22,
2078:26875416
2070:40665170
1928:April 3,
1827:June 22,
1800:June 22,
1663:cite web
1602:35895670
1562:PLOS ONE
1491:June 10,
1430:June 22,
1405:June 21,
1368:12030733
1293:June 21,
1199:cite web
1097:Virginia
1057:wildfowl
996:hormonal
948:bayberry
924:stallion
903:Virginia
891:Maryland
818:causeway
816:1922, a
712:Mustangs
697:Shetland
674:training
606:galleons
496:buckskin
469:stallion
452:stallion
442:stallion
420:buckskin
402:chestnut
212:Virginia
152:Maryland
148:Virginia
66:Standard
2764:Extinct
2645:Mustang
2135:May 11,
2050:Bibcode
1593:9328532
1570:Bibcode
1259:May 11,
1133:author
1086:Eastern
1082:tetanus
1008:abscess
960:seaweed
782:jetties
744:Mustang
720:Arabian
650:galleon
647:Spanish
618:Spanish
595:pirates
559:History
541:Mustang
537:Arabian
449:Arabian
439:Arabian
428:Arabian
424:Arabian
412:Arabian
409:tobiano
394:Arabian
355:Mustang
304:driving
263:author
168:author
130:, is a
2838:Ponies
2755:Welara
2685:Quarab
2665:Nokota
2630:Morgan
2520:Blazer
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1078:rabies
871:Canada
477:gaited
366:ponies
306:, and
300:hunter
222:While
76:Traits
2745:Tiger
2625:Morab
2103:(PDF)
2096:(PDF)
2074:S2CID
2066:JSTOR
2038:(PDF)
1846:(PDF)
1694:(PDF)
1687:(PDF)
1151:Misty
1103:Books
932:foals
928:mares
774:inlet
704:stock
689:hands
509:breed
422:half-
416:Paint
293:croup
236:hands
232:feral
228:hands
184:feral
140:feral
132:breed
90:hands
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2290:2023
2263:2023
2236:2023
2228:WBOC
2209:2023
2179:ISBN
2159:2008
2137:2019
2111:2011
2017:2011
1980:ISBN
1956:2011
1930:2012
1904:2021
1882:2011
1857:2021
1829:2023
1802:2023
1777:2018
1722:ISBN
1702:2010
1669:link
1655:2010
1598:PMID
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1493:2010
1458:ISBN
1432:2023
1407:2023
1394:ISBN
1364:OCLC
1339:ISBN
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1282:ISBN
1261:2019
1205:link
1088:and
1084:and
1072:and
1004:dart
962:and
901:The
869:and
700:pony
695:and
591:Peru
466:pony
414:and
398:gray
384:and
368:and
363:show
289:back
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174:pony
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