2254:
845:
2266:
831:
63:, then leader of the NDP. Broadbent had called for a resolution raising concern "for the more than one million Canadian children living in poverty." By 2000, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland had almost abolished child poverty. By 2013, the rate child poverty in Canada was higher than it was in 1989, and was approaching the poverty rates of the mid-1970s in spite of the growth of Canada's economy between 1981 and 2010.
120:
the "number of children and teenagers living below the poverty line" fell by 780,000 and the "proportion living in poverty...dropped to 4.7%, one of the lowest rates on record". Children in lone-parent families remain more vulnerable to poverty. In 2020, the child poverty rate was 3% for those living in couple families, compared with 16.9% for those in female lone-parent families.
41:(CCPA), nearly 50% of Indigenous children in Canada—both on and off reserve—were living in poverty. In 2020, 4.7% of children under 18 were living in poverty, which was a significant decrease from the 9.7% child poverty rate in 2019. Other groups that are at a higher risk of experiencing poverty include children living in single-parent households and recent immigrants.
148:
Macdonald and Wilson said that all levels of government were failing to provide
Indigenous children with assistance and resources. Schools on reserves provided inadequate education as they lacked necessary resources as the ratio of applicants far outweighs the funding that they receive. This includes
22:
In 1989, with a million children living in poverty in Canada, members of parliament voted unanimously to eliminate child poverty by the year 2000. By 2013, the rate child poverty in Canada was higher than it was in 1989, and was approaching the poverty rates of the mid-1970s in spite of the growth of
119:
Canadian Income Survey, 2020 released on March 23, by data reporter Erik
Hertzberg, in 2020, the number of Canadians under 18 who live in poverty fell by more than half to 324,000." Citing Statistics Canada, Hertzberg said that the "number of Canadian children in poverty" fell 71% since 2015; that
140:
New
Brunswick's 2021 Child poverty report card reported that in that province, the highest rates of child poverty were found on Indigenous reserves. The report stated that families living on First Nations reserves all across the country were faced with "substandard housing, unsafe drinking water,
49:
Citing
Statistics Canada, Hertzberg said that the "number of Canadian children in poverty" fell 71% since 2015; that the "number of children and teenagers living below the poverty line" fell by 780,000 and the "proportion living in poverty...dropped to 4.7%, one of the lowest rates on record".
172:
Market income refers to the "sum of: wages and salaries, net self-employment net income, interest and investment income, private pension and registered retirement savings plan income, and includes alimony or support income received...Disposable income refers to the total income remaining after
98:
The "Census in Brief" report said that in 2015, 38.9% children in a lone‑parent family lived in a household with an income below the LICO threshold. Of these, 42% of children in single-parent homes with their mothers lived in low-income homes compared to 25.5% of children who lived with their
95:, from 2007 to 2014—in contrast with other OECD nations—the standard of living of children in poor single-parent households declined while for those in poor two-family households, it improved. In the latter, both market income and disposable income increased.
173:
payment of "income tax, employment insurance contributions, public and private pension plan contributions, childcare expenses incurred in order to hold a paid job, alimony or support payments paid, and public health insurance premiums (Thévenon 2018:17)."
58:
Child poverty in Canada became a major social issue the late 1980s. On
November 24, 1989, all Canadian Parliamentarians had unanimously voted to eliminate child poverty by the year 2000, in response to the final speech before his retirement, made by
128:
A 2013 Canadian Centre for Policy
Alternatives (CCPA) report said that, the average Indigenous child poverty rate was about 50% compared to 17% for all children in Canada in 2013. In Manitoba it was 62% and in Saskatchewan it was 64%.
87:
The 2004 Campaign2000 said that "ontrary to popular belief", most households with child poverty includes the "working poor", whose parents work in jobs that do not provide "adequate pay, sufficient hours or benefits".
382:
1129:
1099:
1004:
136:
in
Manitoba—which is home to many First Nations—had the highest child poverty rate in Canada in 2015 with about 64.2% living in poverty, according to the a Campaign2000 2018 riding-by- riding analysis.
1124:
1054:
1104:
806:
765:
106:(CCB), which was a " significant investment" towards reducing child poverty. An OECD working paper said that it was anticipated that the CCB would "lift 300,000 children out of poverty."
944:
81:
506:
Racialised Groups and Health Status: A Literature Review
Exploring Poverty, Housing, Race-Based Discrimination and Access to Health Care as Determinants of Health for Racialised Groups
994:
84:(NCB-S) were introduced. As a result of this support, the enhanced child care support, and an increase in employment, low‑income rates for single‑parent households began to decrease.
780:
1009:
904:
1094:
1059:
1928:
145:
seems to imply that Canada's allocation of funding designed to assist
Indigenous children is failing to match the severity of the problem. Schools on reserves lack resources
750:
1114:
2201:
1938:
1109:
760:
275:
2079:
1119:
790:
109:
In 2020, 4.7% of children under 18 were living in poverty, which was a significant decrease from the 9.7% child poverty rate in 2019. According to a March 24, 2022
1089:
999:
949:
909:
770:
567:
1266:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1064:
1069:
1034:
939:
914:
755:
1049:
1044:
954:
811:
745:
2156:
919:
785:
141:
poor health, high suicide rates, and intergenerational trauma". According to the authors of this report, David
Macdonald and Daniel Wilson, the rate of
1039:
816:
529:
595:
New Brunswick's 2021 Child poverty report card (Report). New Brunswick: Human Development Council (HDC) and Campaign 2000. November 2021. p. 24.
674:
242:
1933:
659:
883:
413:
1226:
1206:
33:
Child poverty has a disproportionately high effect on Indigenous households in Canada. According to a 2019 study by researchers at the
1316:
1286:
1221:
483:
2302:
1162:
38:
156:
and the CCPA, the authors met with provincial premiers to report that nearly 50% of Indigenous children were living in poverty.
717:
340:
2307:
622:
70:
19:
Child poverty in Canada declined since 2015, with the number of children who were living in poverty decreasing 71% by 2020.
1241:
152:
In the June 24, 2019 report, the third in the Upstream Institute's series on indigenous child poverty, researchers at the
1715:
1345:
730:
560:
305:
1885:
1296:
201:
437:
One Million Too Many: Implementing Solutions to Child Poverty in Canada: 2004 Report Card on Child Poverty in Canada.
1654:
1311:
1236:
1231:
1216:
876:
2297:
2237:
2191:
1855:
1291:
1261:
2312:
2104:
1326:
1678:
133:
1752:
1555:
1306:
1828:
1803:
1735:
1196:
1014:
869:
537:
505:
360:
196:
73:(UNCRC). Since then, Campaign 2000 has been producing its annual "Report Card on Child Poverty in Canada".
2227:
1808:
1683:
1541:
1155:
2317:
2171:
2125:
1963:
1818:
1742:
1643:
1627:
1331:
1301:
1271:
1252:
710:
186:
2069:
2021:
1987:
1725:
1560:
1457:
1382:
287:
Presented to the House of Commons Standing Committee on Finance, Study of Income Inequality in Canada
153:
34:
652:
2222:
1850:
1649:
1580:
1570:
1565:
1550:
206:
77:
1813:
1779:
1666:
1281:
1189:
2292:
2217:
2161:
2149:
2139:
2044:
2014:
1865:
1835:
1823:
1784:
1720:
1661:
1617:
1148:
695:
211:
191:
1892:
1774:
1730:
1688:
1673:
1423:
929:
703:
453:
1997:
1980:
1970:
1912:
1907:
1634:
1604:
1397:
984:
959:
103:
8:
2084:
2002:
1958:
1897:
1710:
1590:
1447:
969:
308:(Report). OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers. Paris: OECD. p. 63.
2099:
1975:
1902:
1840:
1747:
1701:
1622:
1585:
1509:
974:
775:
640:
2196:
2166:
2114:
2074:
2064:
2036:
2009:
1845:
1791:
1766:
1485:
1475:
1179:
989:
979:
924:
726:
628:
618:
216:
142:
116:
2232:
2109:
2059:
2054:
1638:
1367:
1321:
964:
309:
92:
26:
As of 2018, the rate of child poverty in Canada was close to the average of other
2270:
2089:
2026:
1992:
1796:
1521:
1499:
1494:
934:
835:
675:"Nearly 50 per cent of Indigenous children in Canada live in poverty, study says"
2144:
2094:
1516:
1504:
1470:
1276:
149:
a lack of access to safe drinking water, substandard and overcrowded housing.
111:
67:
2286:
2258:
1612:
1526:
1377:
849:
632:
452:
Ross, David P.; Lochhead, Clarence; Smyth, Julie; Scott, Katherine (2015) .
2049:
1480:
1407:
861:
414:
Riding by Riding Analysis Shows Child Poverty in Canada Knows No Boundaries
60:
1575:
1387:
313:
1211:
1880:
2134:
1372:
1428:
1392:
1362:
725:
243:"Trudeau's Scattershot Spending Sends Child Poverty to New Lows"
1402:
1171:
524:
522:
355:
353:
346:(Report). Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives. p. 25.
1433:
478:
476:
474:
519:
341:
Towards Justice: Tackling Indigenous Child Poverty in Canada
484:"Census in Brief: Children living in low-income households"
350:
27:
615:
Shameful neglect : indigenous child poverty in Canada
471:
1140:
608:
606:
604:
602:
408:
406:
404:
276:
Study Of Income Inequality In Canada – What Can Be Done
451:
599:
552:
123:
498:
401:
269:
267:
265:
263:
236:
234:
232:
102:
In July 2016, the federal government introduced the
566:(Report). Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives.
561:
Poverty or Prosperity Indigenous Children in Canada
432:
430:
339:Beedie, Natasha; Macdonald, David; Wilson, Daniel.
299:
297:
295:
293:
536:. Statistics Canada. 23 March 2022. Archived from
445:
338:
334:
332:
330:
260:
229:
2284:
590:
588:
427:
290:
612:
558:
559:Macdonald, David; Wilson, Daniel (June 2013).
327:
1156:
877:
711:
585:
891:
1227:World wars and interwar period (1914–1945)
1163:
1149:
884:
870:
718:
704:
666:
530:"The Daily — Canadian Income Survey, 2020"
613:Macdonald, David; Wilson, Daniel (2016).
423:(Report). Toronto, Ontario. 18 June 2018.
273:
240:
23:Canada's economy between 1981 and 2010.
303:
1699:
658:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
283:Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
39:Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives
2285:
2123:
486:. Statistics Canada. 13 September 2017
1929:Metropolitan areas and agglomerations
1144:
865:
699:
672:
304:Thévenon, Olivier (7 November 2018).
132:In 2015, the federal rural riding of
71:Convention on the Rights of the Child
2202:Topics by provinces and territories
274:Yalnizyan, Armine (30 April 2013).
16:Overview of child poverty in Canada
13:
202:Child poverty in the United States
124:Indigenous child poverty in Canada
14:
2329:
573:from the original on 4 March 2016
441:(Report). Toronto, Ontario. 2004.
383:"Ending child poverty, but when?"
241:Hertzberg, Erik (24 March 2022).
82:National Child Benefit Supplement
2265:
2264:
2252:
1005:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
843:
830:
829:
306:Tackling child poverty in Canada
1287:Former colonies and territories
166:
1222:Post-Confederation (1867–1914)
673:Press, Jordan (24 June 2019).
375:
361:"Canadian Income Survey, 2019"
1:
222:
66:In 1991, Canada ratified The
2308:Federal assistance in Canada
1130:United States Virgin Islands
197:Child poverty in New Zealand
91:In the period following the
7:
2303:Children's rights in Canada
1267:Crown and Indigenous people
180:
53:
10:
2334:
2157:Provincial and territorial
2080:Inventions and discoveries
1217:British Canada (1763–1867)
1170:
187:Child poverty in Australia
134:Churchill—Keewatinook Aski
44:
2246:
2210:
2184:
2035:
1951:
1921:
1873:
1864:
1765:
1603:
1539:
1455:
1446:
1416:
1383:Newfoundland and Labrador
1355:
1344:
1250:
1187:
1178:
1105:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
1023:
897:
892:Poverty in North America
825:
799:
766:Newfoundland and Labrador
738:
458:The Canadian Encyclopedia
154:Assembly of First Nations
35:Assembly of First Nations
1125:Turks and Caicos Islands
207:Child poverty in Vietnam
159:
78:Canada Child Tax Benefit
2298:Child welfare in Canada
1317:Persons of significance
1312:National Historic Sites
2313:Human rights in Canada
1212:New France (1534–1763)
1055:British Virgin Islands
212:Human Rights in Canada
192:Child poverty in Japan
1424:Northwest Territories
1327:Territorial evolution
995:Saint Kitts and Nevis
807:Northwest Territories
731:province or territory
1398:Prince Edward Island
781:Prince Edward Island
534:Government of Canada
285:(Report). p. 7.
104:Canada Child Benefit
1753:Firearms regulation
1010:Trinidad and Tobago
905:Antigua and Barbuda
617:. Ottawa, Ontario.
314:10.1787/dd4dcfa6-en
1934:Population centres
945:Dominican Republic
679:The Globe and Mail
389:. 16 November 2014
30:member nations.
2318:Poverty in Canada
2280:
2279:
2259:Canada portal
2180:
2179:
1947:
1946:
1761:
1760:
1716:Political parties
1684:Foreign relations
1599:
1598:
1486:Canadian Prairies
1476:Pacific Northwest
1442:
1441:
1340:
1339:
1297:Foreign relations
1138:
1137:
1027:other territories
859:
858:
850:Canada portal
727:Poverty in Canada
624:978-1-77125-284-3
217:Poverty in Canada
143:childhood poverty
117:Statistics Canada
2325:
2268:
2267:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2121:
2120:
1964:Higher education
1871:
1870:
1856:Science and tech
1743:Multiculturalism
1697:
1696:
1679:Local government
1644:House of Commons
1628:Governor General
1464:
1453:
1452:
1368:British Columbia
1353:
1352:
1207:Pre-colonization
1185:
1184:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1142:
1141:
1095:Saint Barthélemy
1025:Dependencies and
898:Sovereign states
886:
879:
872:
863:
862:
848:
847:
846:
833:
832:
751:British Columbia
720:
713:
706:
697:
696:
690:
689:
687:
685:
670:
664:
663:
656:
650:
646:
644:
636:
610:
597:
596:
592:
583:
582:
580:
578:
572:
565:
556:
550:
549:
547:
545:
540:on 6 August 2022
526:
517:
516:
510:
502:
496:
495:
493:
491:
480:
469:
468:
466:
464:
449:
443:
442:
434:
425:
424:
418:
410:
399:
398:
396:
394:
379:
373:
372:
370:
368:
357:
348:
347:
345:
336:
325:
324:
322:
320:
301:
288:
286:
280:
271:
258:
257:
255:
253:
238:
174:
170:
93:Great Depression
2333:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2276:
2253:
2251:
2242:
2206:
2176:
2119:
2031:
2022:Social programs
1988:Law enforcement
1943:
1917:
1860:
1757:
1695:
1595:
1535:
1522:Atlantic Canada
1500:Canadian Shield
1495:Northern Canada
1462:
1461:
1438:
1412:
1348:and territories
1347:
1336:
1246:
1193:
1174:
1169:
1139:
1134:
1028:
1026:
1019:
893:
890:
860:
855:
844:
842:
821:
795:
734:
724:
694:
693:
683:
681:
671:
667:
657:
648:
647:
638:
637:
625:
611:
600:
594:
593:
586:
576:
574:
570:
563:
557:
553:
543:
541:
528:
527:
520:
515:(Report). 2007.
513:Access Alliance
508:
504:
503:
499:
489:
487:
482:
481:
472:
462:
460:
450:
446:
436:
435:
428:
416:
412:
411:
402:
392:
390:
381:
380:
376:
366:
364:
363:. 23 March 2021
359:
358:
351:
343:
337:
328:
318:
316:
302:
291:
278:
272:
261:
251:
249:
239:
230:
225:
183:
178:
177:
171:
167:
162:
126:
80:(CCTB) and the
56:
47:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2331:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2262:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2223:Historiography
2220:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2142:
2137:
2131:
2129:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2041:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2018:
2017:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1939:Municipalities
1936:
1931:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1889:
1888:
1877:
1875:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1853:
1851:Transportation
1848:
1843:
1838:
1836:Stock exchange
1833:
1832:
1831:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1804:Communications
1801:
1800:
1799:
1789:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1771:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1739:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1718:
1713:
1707:
1705:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1659:
1658:
1657:
1650:Prime Minister
1647:
1641:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1620:
1615:
1609:
1607:
1601:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1571:National Parks
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1547:
1545:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1529:
1517:Eastern Canada
1514:
1513:
1512:
1505:Central Canada
1502:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1488:
1478:
1471:Western Canada
1467:
1465:
1463:(west to east)
1450:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1359:
1357:
1350:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1262:Constitutional
1258:
1256:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1168:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1145:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1115:Sint Eustatius
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1060:Cayman Islands
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1031:
1029:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
901:
899:
895:
894:
889:
888:
881:
874:
866:
857:
856:
854:
853:
839:
826:
823:
822:
820:
819:
814:
809:
803:
801:
797:
796:
794:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
742:
740:
736:
735:
723:
722:
715:
708:
700:
692:
691:
665:
623:
598:
584:
551:
518:
497:
470:
444:
426:
400:
374:
349:
326:
289:
259:
227:
226:
224:
221:
220:
219:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
182:
179:
176:
175:
164:
163:
161:
158:
125:
122:
112:Bloomberg News
68:United Nations
55:
52:
46:
43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2330:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2293:Child poverty
2291:
2290:
2288:
2273:
2272:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2122:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2105:Protectionism
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1969:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1950:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1920:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1882:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1793:
1790:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1780:Dairy farming
1778:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1698:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1668:
1667:Supreme Court
1665:
1664:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1629:
1626:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1602:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1528:
1527:The Maritimes
1525:
1524:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1518:
1515:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1472:
1469:
1468:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1378:New Brunswick
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1343:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1282:First Nations
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1154:
1152:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1022:
1016:
1015:United States
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
902:
900:
896:
887:
882:
880:
875:
873:
868:
867:
864:
852:
851:
840:
838:
837:
828:
827:
824:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
804:
802:
798:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
761:New Brunswick
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
743:
741:
737:
732:
728:
721:
716:
714:
709:
707:
702:
701:
698:
680:
676:
669:
661:
654:
642:
634:
630:
626:
620:
616:
609:
607:
605:
603:
591:
589:
569:
562:
555:
539:
535:
531:
525:
523:
514:
507:
501:
485:
479:
477:
475:
459:
455:
448:
440:
439:Campaign 2000
433:
431:
422:
421:Campaign 2000
415:
409:
407:
405:
388:
384:
378:
362:
356:
354:
342:
335:
333:
331:
315:
311:
307:
300:
298:
296:
294:
284:
277:
270:
268:
266:
264:
248:
247:Bloomberg.com
244:
237:
235:
233:
228:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
169:
165:
157:
155:
150:
146:
144:
138:
135:
130:
121:
118:
114:
113:
107:
105:
100:
96:
94:
89:
85:
83:
79:
74:
72:
69:
64:
62:
51:
42:
40:
36:
31:
29:
24:
20:
2269:
2250:
2218:Bibliography
2140:Coat of arms
2124:
2045:Architecture
2015:Homelessness
1866:Demographics
1785:Floriculture
1721:Human rights
1700:
1689:Peacekeeping
1618:Constitution
1540:
1481:Great Plains
1456:
1408:Saskatchewan
1251:
1195:
1188:
1120:Sint Maarten
1100:Saint Martin
841:
834:
791:Saskatchewan
682:. Retrieved
678:
668:
614:
575:. Retrieved
554:
542:. Retrieved
538:the original
533:
512:
500:
488:. Retrieved
461:. Retrieved
457:
447:
438:
420:
391:. Retrieved
386:
377:
365:. Retrieved
317:. Retrieved
282:
250:. Retrieved
246:
168:
151:
147:
139:
131:
127:
110:
108:
101:
97:
90:
86:
76:In 1998 the
75:
65:
61:Ed Broadbent
57:
48:
32:
25:
21:
18:
2100:Individuals
1908:2021 Census
1893:Immigration
1775:Agriculture
1736:Transgender
1576:Great Lakes
1556:Earthquakes
1510:Great Lakes
1417:Territories
1388:Nova Scotia
1307:Monarchical
1292:Immigration
1090:Puerto Rico
1000:Saint Lucia
950:El Salvador
800:Territories
771:Nova Scotia
649:|work=
115:article on
2287:Categories
2228:Historians
2085:Literature
1998:Corruption
1981:Euthanasia
1971:Healthcare
1913:Population
1635:Parliament
1605:Government
1242:since 1982
1085:Montserrat
1080:Martinique
1075:Guadeloupe
930:Costa Rica
223:References
2003:Terrorism
1959:Education
1898:Languages
1886:Ethnicity
1881:Canadians
1829:Petroleum
1809:Companies
1711:Elections
1591:Volcanism
1566:Mountains
1448:Geography
1356:Provinces
1346:Provinces
1277:Etymology
1237:1960–1981
1232:1945–1960
1190:Year list
1070:Greenland
985:Nicaragua
960:Guatemala
739:Provinces
651:ignored (
641:cite book
633:953638637
454:"Poverty"
387:CBC Radio
319:12 August
99:fathers.
2271:Category
2211:Research
2185:Contents
2167:Heraldic
2075:Identity
2070:Holidays
2065:Folklore
1976:Abortion
1903:Religion
1841:Taxation
1748:Cannabis
1726:Intersex
1702:Politics
1674:Military
1586:Wildlife
1373:Manitoba
1302:Military
1272:Economic
1197:timeline
1035:Anguilla
970:Honduras
940:Dominica
915:Barbados
836:Category
756:Manitoba
684:6 August
568:Archived
544:6 August
490:8 August
463:7 August
393:6 August
252:6 August
181:See also
54:Overview
37:and the
2238:Surveys
2233:Studies
2197:Outline
2172:Tartans
2126:Symbols
2115:Theatre
2060:Cuisine
2037:Culture
2010:Poverty
1952:Society
1846:Tourism
1819:Fishing
1792:Banking
1767:Economy
1623:Monarch
1561:Islands
1458:Regions
1429:Nunavut
1393:Ontario
1363:Alberta
1180:History
1065:Curaçao
1050:Bonaire
1045:Bermuda
975:Jamaica
955:Grenada
910:Bahamas
812:Nunavut
776:Ontario
746:Alberta
577:19 June
367:4 April
45:Current
2135:Anthem
2110:Sports
2055:Cinema
2027:Values
1874:Topics
1814:Energy
1797:Dollar
1662:Courts
1639:Senate
1581:Rivers
1551:Cities
1542:Topics
1403:Quebec
1322:Racism
1253:Topics
1172:Canada
990:Panama
980:Mexico
925:Canada
920:Belize
786:Quebec
631:
621:
2192:Index
2162:Royal
2095:Media
2090:Music
1993:Crime
1922:Lists
1434:Yukon
1332:Women
1040:Aruba
965:Haiti
817:Yukon
571:(PDF)
564:(PDF)
509:(PDF)
417:(PDF)
344:(PDF)
279:(PDF)
160:Notes
2150:List
2145:Flag
1731:LGBT
1655:list
1110:Saba
935:Cuba
729:(by
686:2022
660:link
653:help
629:OCLC
619:ISBN
579:2013
546:2022
492:2022
465:2022
395:2022
369:2021
321:2022
254:2022
28:OECD
2050:Art
1824:Oil
1613:Law
310:doi
2289::
677:.
645::
643:}}
639:{{
627:.
601:^
587:^
532:.
521:^
511:.
473:^
456:.
429:^
419:.
403:^
385:.
352:^
329:^
292:^
281:.
262:^
245:.
231:^
1646:)
1637:(
1199:)
1194:(
1164:e
1157:t
1150:v
885:e
878:t
871:v
733:)
719:e
712:t
705:v
688:.
662:)
655:)
635:.
581:.
548:.
494:.
467:.
397:.
371:.
323:.
312::
256:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.