337:
70:
417:
29:
377:
389:
361:
401:
668:
349:
325:
Townley fully intended to leave this collection to the
British Museum, as indicated in his will. However, shortly before his death he decided to leave it to the care of his brother Edward and his uncle John Townley on the condition that the sculptures should be exhibited in a purpose-built gallery.
330:, the original home of the museum, was too small for its purpose. The old Jacobean mansion and its Palladian-style Townley Gallery were pulled down in 1823 and gradually replaced with grand rooms arranged over two floors around a central courtyard, today's quadrangular building.
178:, in whose 2008-9 annual report the bust is described as "masterfully executed", made a grant of ÂŁ187,000 to help purchase the bust so that it could be returned to Towneley Hall Museum in the collector's former family home on the outskirts of Burnley.
135:, a dealer in antiquities in Rome, he got together a splendid collection of antiquities, known especially for the "Townley Marbles" (or "Towneley"), which was deposited in 1778 in a house built for the purpose in Park Street, now No. 14
69:
501:
perches on the small writing-table, in
Zoffany's assembly of the Townley marbles. It was extensively reproduced in marble, plaster, and the white bisque porcelain called parian ware for its supposed resemblance to
582:
in 1790 and purchased by
Towneley in 1792; it was such an important addition to the Towneley marbles that Zoffany was called in to add it to the painting. The head looking forward was a controversial restoration.
49:. He travelled on three Grand Tours to Italy, buying antique sculpture, vases, coins, manuscripts and Old Master drawings and paintings. Many of the most important pieces from his collection, especially the
444:
of
Townley in his London house surrounded by an imaginary arrangement of his major sculptures (over forty are represented). Engaged in discussion with him are three fellow connoisseurs, the palaeographer
317:
for £20,000 – a sum probably a fraction of its original purchase price. The trustees of the museum obtained a parliamentary grant specifically for the purpose. The smaller antiquities, including coins,
376:
336:
388:
360:
265:
190:, consists of some 300 items and includes one of the great collections of Graeco-Roman sculptures and other artefacts. Prominent amongst this collection are:
291:
683:
174:. It shows Townley in herm form – head and neck only, without full shoulders or arms – with a bare neck, dishevelled hair and a pensive expression. The
167:
A large archive of
Townley's papers, including diaries, account books, bills, correspondence, and catalogues, was acquired by the British Museum in 1992.
957:
1396:
127:
and Sicily. He returned to London in 1772, but continued to make occasional visits to Italy until 1780. In conjunction with various dealers, including
400:
296:
567:, a room in my house, wherein he introduces what Subjects he chuses in my collection. It will be a picture of extraordinary effect & truth..."
446:
57:) are now in the British Museum's Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities. The marbles were overshadowed at the time, and still today, by the
832:
119:
In 1758 he came of age and took up his residence at
Towneley Hall, where he made improvements to his estate. In 1765 he left England on the
807:
745:
688:
514:
was apparently
Townley's favourite sculpture and the one he took with him when he was forced to flee his home during the anti-Catholic
326:
The gallery was duly constructed, but as the collection of the museum's Greek and Roman antiquities grew, it became clear that the old
454:
1225:
1210:
440:
Charles
Townley became the most famous member of the family and another of the treasures now at Towneley is a conversation piece by
1196:
1416:
541:, also furtively exported, stands on the bookcase at the rear: it was excavated about 1774 by Gavin Hamilton at Monte Cagnolo.
161:
1406:
92:
in
Lancashire, on 1 October 1737. He was the eldest son of William Towneley (1714–1741) and Cecilia, daughter and heiress of
104:. From a Catholic family and thus excluded both from public office and from English universities, he was educated at the
1381:
1376:
1289:(May/June 2005), in connection with a British Museum exhibition celebrating the bicentennial of the Townley purchase.
490:). In point of fact, Towneley's only Greek original appears to have been the grave relief on the left wall above the
416:
101:
20:
45:(1 October 1737 – 3 January 1805) was a wealthy English country gentleman, antiquary and collector, a member of the
1421:
719:
640:
564:
1386:
215:
175:
1411:
604:
Towneley purchased it directly from the
Laurenzano family in Naples in July 1772 for 530 ducats (Kitto 2005)
1391:
713:
630:
313:
When Townley died in 1805 his family sold the collection of marbles, larger bronzes and terracottas to the
97:
1401:
382:
A female acrobat next to a potter's turntable. Detail from a Campanian red-figure hydria, ca. 340-330 BC.
153:
483:
202:
132:
327:
836:
1426:
450:
152:, a Roman cavalry helmet found near Towneley Hall, and now in the British Museum. He was elected a
109:
1147:
1022:
972:
1314:
1172:
1122:
1072:
1047:
997:
933:
908:
883:
530:
128:
28:
1097:
858:
1312:
Penny, Nicholas (1984). "Townley at the B. M. and Cavaceppi at the Clarendon Gallery. London".
105:
1346:
625:
157:
673:
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
1371:
1366:
170:
A bust of Townley was made in Carrara marble in 1807 by his associate and friend, sculptor
136:
74:
8:
1233:
739:
394:
Tombstone of the shoemaker Xanthippos. Marble, Greek artwork, ca. 430-420 BC. From Athens
250:
186:
The antiquities collected by Townley, which now constitute the Townley Collection at the
1302:
1331:
712:
629:
579:
367:
348:
286:
278:
1347:
Ancient art and the eighteenth-century auction: Collecting, catalogues and competition
592:
1323:
148:
143:
1293:
A Dictionary of British and Irish Travellers in Italy, 1701–1800, Compiled from the
273:
233:
171:
537:
and quietly shipped out of the Papal States as two fragmentary pieces. The marble
482:
from the Barberini collection had been Towneley's first major purchase, in 1768 (
228:
93:
46:
33:
811:
475:
314:
223:
187:
124:
113:
78:
1360:
1327:
1294:
749:. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 665–666.
734:
679:
674:
503:
470:, of which the most famous variant was also in the Borghese collection and a
441:
433:
307:
85:
58:
42:
538:
534:
515:
425:
319:
301:
198:
1285:
Tony Kitto, 'The celebrated connoisseur: Charles Townley, 1737–1805', in
558:
487:
210:
692:. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 111.
708:
635:
462:
120:
1335:
1226:"Charles Townley and friends in the Park Street Gallery, Westminister"
760:
1342:
B.F. Cook, The Townley Marbles London, The British Museum Press, 1985
261:
246:
1198:
Petition from the British Museum, Respecting Mr Townley's Collection
406:
Head of a tiger, possibly a boss from the arms of a throne; Indian
123:, where he established a base in Rome. He also visited Florence,
421:
89:
1249:
Taste and the Antique: The Lure of Classical Sculpture 1500–1900
738:
526:
507:
429:
254:
242:
1305:
The Townley Gallery of Classic Sculpture in the British Museum
644:. Vol. 57. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 97–98.
139:, in the West End of London, where he died on 8 January 1805.
282:
197:
a fragmentary sculpture of two boys fighting over a game of
219:
790:
788:
785:
460:
Prominent in front are Townley's Roman marble of the
529:
that serves as drum pedestal had been discovered by
304:, from the Villa of Antoninus Pius at Monte Cagnolo
16:English art collector and antiquarian (1737–1805)
1358:
478:. On a pedestal in front of the fireplace, the
142:His solitary publication was an account of the
1280:Digging And Dealing in Eighteenth-Century Rome
723:. Vol. 57. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
563:"Mr Zoffany is painting, in the Stile of his
411:
1262:
1246:
1201:. Hansard HC Deb 5 June 1805 vol 5 cc170-2.
1123:"statue; table (probably) | British Museum"
835:. London: The Royal Society. Archived from
424:, 1782, Burnley. Top, on the bookcase, the
420:Charles Townley in the Park St. Gallery by
1247:Haskell, Francis; Penny, Nicholas (1981).
833:"Lists of Royal Society Fellows 1660–2007"
1397:People associated with the British Museum
1232:. Burnley Borough Council. Archived from
561:, the antiquary and dealer in Rome, that
366:A relief from Townley's collection, from
156:in March 1791. He became a member of the
733:
678:
661:
659:
657:
655:
653:
651:
486:had identified it as a lost original by
415:
73:Bust of Charles Townley (1735–1805), by
68:
27:
342:The Knuckle Bone Player (Roman c.150AD)
84:Charles Townley was born in England at
1359:
1351:Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies
1311:
1230:Towneley Hall Art Gallery and Museums
794:
703:
701:
699:
648:
624:
270:Tombstone of the shoemaker Xanthippos
181:
19:For the British officer of arms, see
455:Pierre-François Hugues d'Hancarville
781:. British Museum. 1977. p. 40.
707:
13:
1272:
696:
14:
1438:
800:
322:, and pottery, followed in 1814.
102:Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk
21:Charles Townley (officer of arms)
934:"portrait head | British Museum"
884:"portrait bust | British Museum"
720:Dictionary of National Biography
666:
641:Dictionary of National Biography
557:In August 1781 Townley wrote to
399:
387:
375:
359:
347:
335:
209:by the classical Greek sculptor
1256:
1240:
1218:
1204:
1190:
1165:
1140:
1115:
1090:
1065:
1040:
1015:
990:
965:
959:Charles Townley's cista mystica
951:
926:
901:
876:
851:
598:
585:
572:
551:
176:National Heritage Memorial Fund
825:
771:
753:
727:
618:
32:Charles Townley, miniature by
1:
1417:English College, Douai alumni
611:
510:owned two casts of this. The
162:trustee of the British Museum
1407:Fellows of the Royal Society
779:Collectors & Collections
64:
7:
1048:"caryatid | British Museum"
218:, thought by Townley to be
154:Fellow of the Royal Society
10:
1443:
1278:I. Bignamini, C. Hornsby,
412:Painting by Johann Zoffany
203:Johann Joachim Winckelmann
18:
1382:19th-century antiquarians
1377:18th-century antiquarians
1297:Archive by John Ingamells
1212:History of the collection
1173:"statue | British Museum"
1098:"statue | British Museum"
1073:"statue | British Museum"
998:"statue | British Museum"
973:"relief | British Museum"
859:"statue | British Museum"
714:"Towneley, Charles"
631:"Towneley, Charles"
494:posed on a wall bracket.
108:, and subsequently under
1263:Haskell & Penny 1981
1023:"stela | British Museum"
544:
451:Charles Francis Greville
110:John Turberville Needham
88:, the family seat, near
1422:English Roman Catholics
1315:The Burlington Magazine
1282:(2010), p. 326–331
1148:"vase | British Museum"
909:"bust | British Museum"
808:"Cavalry sports helmet"
765:Burnley Borough Council
746:Encyclopædia Britannica
689:Encyclopædia Britannica
370:near Tivoli, ca. 125 AD
100:, and granddaughter of
1387:English art collectors
626:Wroth, Warwick William
437:
266:Marcus Cossutius Cerdo
106:English College, Douai
81:
36:
1215:. The British Museum.
962:. The British Museum.
578:It was discovered at
419:
158:Society of Dilettanti
72:
31:
1412:English antiquarians
112:, the biologist and
98:Standish, Lancashire
75:Christopher Hewetson
1392:People from Burnley
1236:on 15 January 2006.
260:Pair of statues of
1402:Townley collection
1345:Nicole Cochrane, '
1177:The British Museum
1152:The British Museum
1127:The British Museum
1102:The British Museum
1077:The British Museum
1052:The British Museum
1027:The British Museum
1002:The British Museum
977:The British Museum
938:The British Museum
913:The British Museum
888:The British Museum
863:The British Museum
468:Nymph with a Shell
438:
292:Townley Greyhounds
279:Townley Discobolus
182:Townley Collection
82:
37:
1303:Sir Henry Ellis:
797:, pp. 97–98.
767:. 1 January 2017.
740:"Test Acts"
684:Towneley, Charles
160:1786, and made a
149:Vetusta Monumenta
144:Ribchester Helmet
137:Queen Anne's Gate
1434:
1339:
1322:(970): 2, 54–6.
1287:Minerva Magazine
1266:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1222:
1216:
1208:
1202:
1194:
1188:
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994:
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898:
896:
894:
880:
874:
873:
871:
869:
855:
849:
848:
846:
844:
839:on 24 March 2010
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605:
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589:
583:
576:
570:
565:Florence tribune
555:
492:Bust of a Maenad
403:
391:
379:
363:
351:
339:
274:Townley Caryatid
234:Townley Antinous
222:emerging from a
172:Joseph Nollekens
55:Towneley Marbles
1442:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1435:
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1432:
1431:
1427:Towneley family
1357:
1356:
1275:
1273:Further reading
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761:"Towneley Hall"
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706:
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682:, ed. (1911). "
667:
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664:
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623:
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593:Musée du Louvre
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580:Hadrian's Villa
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368:Hadrian's Villa
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287:Hadrian's Villa
229:Townley Hadrian
207:Astragalizontes
184:
67:
51:Townley Marbles
47:Towneley family
40:Charles Townley
34:Josiah Wedgwood
24:
17:
12:
11:
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989:
964:
950:
925:
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875:
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824:
812:British Museum
799:
784:
770:
752:
737:, ed. (1911).
735:Chisholm, Hugh
726:
711:, ed. (1899).
695:
680:Chisholm, Hugh
647:
616:
615:
613:
610:
607:
606:
597:
584:
571:
549:
548:
546:
543:
531:Gavin Hamilton
512:Bust of Clytie
499:Bust of Clytie
497:The so-called
476:Barberini type
453:, F.R.S., and
428:. Right, on a
413:
410:
409:
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354:Bust of Clytie
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328:Montague House
315:British Museum
311:
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297:Townley Sphinx
294:
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258:
257:holding shells
239:
236:
231:
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216:Bust of Clytie
213:
201:identified by
188:British Museum
183:
180:
133:Thomas Jenkins
129:Gavin Hamilton
125:Southern Italy
114:Roman Catholic
94:Ralph Standish
79:British Museum
66:
63:
15:
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1295:Brinsley Ford
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1277:
1276:
1265:, p. 68.
1264:
1259:
1251:. p. 68.
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675:public domain
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652:
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569:(Kitto 2005).
568:
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550:
542:
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536:
532:
528:
524:
523:Townley Venus
519:
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504:Parian marble
500:
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493:
489:
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481:
480:Boys Fighting
477:
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447:Charles Astle
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442:Johan Zoffany
435:
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320:engraved gems
316:
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308:Townley Venus
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238:Cista Mystica
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86:Towneley Hall
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59:Elgin Marbles
56:
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35:
30:
26:
22:
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1234:the original
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1220:
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1206:
1197:
1192:
1180:. Retrieved
1176:
1167:
1155:. Retrieved
1151:
1142:
1130:. Retrieved
1126:
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1105:. Retrieved
1101:
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1080:. Retrieved
1076:
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1055:. Retrieved
1051:
1042:
1030:. Retrieved
1026:
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1005:. Retrieved
1001:
992:
980:. Retrieved
976:
967:
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941:. Retrieved
937:
928:
916:. Retrieved
912:
903:
891:. Retrieved
887:
878:
866:. Retrieved
862:
853:
841:. Retrieved
837:the original
827:
815:. Retrieved
802:
778:
773:
764:
755:
744:
729:
718:
687:
639:
620:
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587:
574:
562:
553:
539:Townley Vase
522:
520:
511:
498:
496:
491:
479:
471:
467:
461:
459:
439:
426:Townley Vase
324:
312:
302:Townley Vase
264:, signed by
224:sacred lotus
206:
199:knucklebones
195:The Cannibal
194:
185:
169:
166:
147:
141:
118:
83:
54:
50:
39:
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25:
1372:1805 deaths
1367:1737 births
817:1 September
709:Lee, Sidney
636:Lee, Sidney
591:Now at the
559:James Byres
525:on a Roman
488:Polykleitos
484:Winckelmann
211:Polykleitos
1361:Categories
1182:14 October
1157:14 October
1132:14 October
1107:14 October
1082:14 October
1057:14 October
1032:14 October
1007:14 October
982:14 October
943:14 October
918:14 October
893:14 October
868:14 October
795:Wroth 1899
612:References
463:Discobolus
253:and three
121:Grand Tour
1328:0007-6287
527:well-head
518:of 1780.
164:in 1791.
65:Biography
628:(1899).
116:priest.
843:19 July
677::
638:(ed.).
474:of the
449:, Hon.
422:Zoffany
285:, from
251:Jupiter
205:as the
90:Burnley
1336:881529
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671:
508:Goethe
466:, the
432:, the
430:puteal
255:nymphs
243:relief
131:, and
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1307:1846.
634:. In
545:Notes
535:Ostia
516:riots
283:Myron
249:with
1353:2021
1324:ISSN
1184:2020
1159:2020
1134:2020
1109:2020
1084:2020
1059:2020
1034:2020
1009:2020
984:2020
945:2020
920:2020
895:2020
870:2020
845:2010
819:2010
521:The
472:Faun
220:Isis
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686:".
533:at
281:by
262:Pan
247:Pan
245:of
146:in
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