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of only about 1% owing to the properties of selenium, which in combination with the material's high cost prevented the use of such cells for energy supply. Selenium cells found other applications however, for example as light sensors for exposure timing in photo cameras, where they were common well
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By 2006, the best silicon solar cells were over 40% efficient, with industrial average over 17%. By 2022, the average efficiency of crystalline
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according to Marius
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https://www.ise.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/ise/de/documents/publications/studies/Photovoltaics-Report.pdf
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with an extremely thin layer of gold. The resulting cells had a conversion
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196:"Untangling the Mystery of the World's First Rooftop Solar Panel"
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Fritts, C. E. (1883). "On a New Form of
Selenium Photocell".
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Solar cells later became practical for power uses after
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