848:
365:
854:
143:
659:β¦ Optional combo-style inlet integrating AC type-1, -2 and GB/T-AC β¦ New ChaoJi EVs will be able to charge with the existing CHAdeMO and GB/T chargers using an 'inlet adapter'. Existing CHAdeMO and GB/T EVs are not allowed to use any adapters, so they will need to use the dual chargers during the transition period.
418:
Interoperability/backward compatibility β¦ CHAdeMO and ChaoJi to co-exist as multi-outlet chargers β¦ Mechanical strength of the connector equivalent to CHAdeMO, to avoid breakage in the field. β¦ Safety specification identical or better than CHAdeMO. β¦ Control-pilot circuit harmonized with new GB/T and
750:
co-developed by the China
Electricity Council β¦ 900 kW of power β with a peak of 600 amps and 1,500 volts β¦ Adaptors will likely be produced and sold for Tesla and CCS-compatible vehicles to use CHAdeMO 3.0 chargers β¦ new coupler reduced the number of pins from seven to four, removing the optional β¦
372:
A new coupler codenamed βUltra-ChaoJiβ with an additional set of power pins above the standard ChaoJi pinouts, is currently under development. Ultra-ChaoJi is expected to be used by electrified heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), airplanes and ships in the near future.
321:
The new EVs implementing the standard are to be fitted with a female ChaoJi DC inlet, with a vehicle-side locking mechanism. This inlet can be co-sited in a "Combo" format underneath a GB/T-AC inlet (female), an SAE J1772 AC inlet (male), or 1β3-phase AC
751:
12-volt auxiliary power to bi-directional chargers. β¦ Under the ChaoJi design, CHAdeMO and China's GB/T chargers use the same hardware. β¦ control-pilot circuit detects which of the two communications protocols to use
387:, meaning "super". The reason for choosing such a name was multifactorial. Other than the reference to supercharging, the word ChaoJi itself sounds similar to "charger" and, like CHAdeMO, starts with "Cha".
353:
Power transfer pins are 10-millimetre-diameter (0.4 in) and attached to the infrastructure (male) side. The connector is designed to be at least as strong as a CHAdeMO outlet.
687:
536:
329:
For the charging infrastructure, DC fast-chargers would be fitted with the common ChaoJi male plug outlet and implement one or more variations of communication protocols:
302:(used mainly in mainland China), using a dedicated inlet adapter for each system. The circuit interface of ChaoJi is also designed to be fully compatible with the
419:
CCS (and IEC 61851-23-1) β¦ Backward compatibility with CHAdeMO, GB/T and (potentially) CCS. β¦ Optional combo-style inlet integrating AC type-1, -2 and GB/T-AC
435:
711:
779:
512:) means "super" in Chinese. β¦ new common plug and vehicle inlet that can support up to 600A at up to 1,500V for a total power of 900 kW.
497:
680:
525:
1108:
731:
471:
1098:
313:) was signed on 28 August 2018 after which the development was enlarged to a larger international community of experts.
1079:
908:
832:
635:
1064:
1004:
772:
310:
607:
1118:
663:
with CCS is also technically possible, detailed specification is under consideration. Note: the amendment of
561:
446:
1103:
356:
Updates to the ChaoJi standard enables compatibility with the CHAdeMO 3.1 protocol (and by extension CCS).
350:
for both ChaoJi-1 and -2. A unified communication protocol based on
Ethernet is also under consideration.
580:β¦ China Electricity Council and CHAdeMO Association Agreed to Establish the new future Standard for 2020
274:, is an ultra-high-power charging standard charging electric cars, released in 2020. The connector has a
1113:
765:
443:
Charging
Infrastructure for Vehicles Using Battery Storage: Perspective on Standardisation Developments
342:
operating under the CHAdeMO 3.0 protocol, for primary deployment in Japan and other parts of the world.
408:
283:
988:
983:
883:
873:
656:
648:
303:
20:
868:
1024:
973:
660:
299:
291:
847:
309:
A joint agreement between the CHAdeMO association and the China
Electricity Council (with
8:
827:
914:
888:
802:
739:
952:
947:
904:
817:
788:
599:
323:
595:
Project ChaoJi: the background and challenges of harmonising DC charging standards
19:
This article is about the electric vehicle charging standard. For other uses, see
919:
506:
common connector design called ChaoJi for future use in Japan, China, β¦ ChaoJi (
364:
878:
837:
287:
853:
35:
Electric vehicle, motorcycle, construction machine, aircraft and ship charging
1092:
812:
336:
operating under the GB/T protocol, for primary deployment in mainland China.
77:
7 (1 earth, 1 positive, 1 negative, 4 signalling for standard configuration)
822:
807:
603:
664:
576:
China and Japan
Agreement β¦ Agreement to develop common new standard on
275:
732:"New CHAdeMO 3.0 aims to harmonize global EV quick-charging standards"
416:. eMOVE360 2019 Charging & Energy Conference. pp. 12β14, 16.
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1034:
1029:
942:
410:
CHAdeMO 3.0 β Standard harmonization efforts between CHAdeMO and GB/T
757:
712:"China updates its EV charging standard, claims cross-compatibility"
593:
643:
CHAdeMO DC charging standard: evolution strategy and new challenges
142:
598:. 33rd World Electric Vehicle Symposium & Exposition (EVS33).
498:"Joint China and Japan ChaoJi project works towards "CHAdeMO 3.0""
968:
652:
347:
295:
251:
235:
306:, also known as CCS (used mainly in Europe and North America).
562:
Super High Power
Charging: China-Japan Joint Research Project
472:"CHAdeMO 3.0 to harmonize global EV quick charging standards"
279:
260:
2Γ10-millimetre-diameter (0.4 in) power transfer pins
434:
Yoshida, Dave Makoto; Tsuchiya, Katsunori (2020-02-17).
282:), with a flat bottom edge and is planned for charging
681:"Chaoji: A Unified Future-Oriented Charging Programme"
678:
526:"ChaoJi: A Unified Future-Oriented Charging Programme"
346:
Communication between the car and charger would use a
150:
Pinouts for ChaoJi vehicle connector and vehicle inlet
523:
407:
Imazu, Tomoya; Yoshida, Dave Makoto; Blech, Tomoko.
48:
651:(and IEC 61851-23-1) β¦ Backward compatibility with
647:Control-pilot circuit harmonised with new GB/T and
560:Yoshida, Makoto; Tsuchiya, Katsunori (2018-11-30).
489:
629:
627:
625:
429:
427:
1090:
402:
400:
559:
553:
433:
622:
424:
773:
507:
406:
397:
382:
780:
766:
495:
141:
363:
645:(Report). Stuttgart. p. 16,20,21.
636:HPC: challenges and potential solutions
1091:
729:
787:
761:
679:NI Feng / IMAZU Tomoya (2020-06-19).
633:
591:
577:
436:"Charging Standard: Future Direction"
524:NI Feng, IMAZU Tomoya (2020-06-19).
359:
91:Ultra-ChaoJi (for megawatt charging)
667:is necessary for the use of adapter
634:Blech, Tomoko Yamabe (2019-04-16).
592:Blech, Tomoko (11 September 2020).
13:
722:
469:
16:Electric vehicle charging standard
14:
1130:
833:Electric motorcycles and scooters
316:
852:
846:
183:full-current protective earthing
1109:Plug-in hybrid vehicle industry
879:Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle
704:
693:from the original on 2020-09-20
610:from the original on 2020-09-18
542:from the original on 2020-09-20
496:Nisewanger, Jeff (2019-06-19).
311:State Grid Corporation of China
88:ChaoJi (hardware is harmonised)
730:Berman, Bradley (2020-05-28).
672:
585:
517:
463:
270:connector, also referenced as
1:
447:International Transport Forum
390:
368:Rendering of ChaoJi connector
286:at up to 900 kilowatts using
376:
7:
1099:Electrical power connectors
290:. The design incorporates
10:
1135:
889:Fuel cell electric vehicle
18:
1077:
1017:
997:
961:
935:
928:
897:
861:
844:
795:
655:, GB/T and (potentially)
508:
383:
284:battery electric vehicles
259:
243:
227:
207:
187:
176:
165:
154:
149:
140:
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127:
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119:
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103:
98:
84:
81:
76:
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68:
63:
60:
55:
52:
47:
44:
39:
34:
31:
884:Battery electric vehicle
874:Plug-in electric vehicle
304:Combined Charging System
298:(used globally) and the
869:Hybrid electric vehicle
736:Automotive Engineering
661:Backward compatibility
604:10.5281/zenodo.4023281
369:
292:backward compatibility
69:General specifications
984:EE/FF (CCS Combo 1/2)
367:
1119:Automotive standards
714:. 21 September 2023.
567:(Report). p. 16
381:The name comes from
1104:DC power connectors
828:Electric locomotive
578:28th of August 2018
533:CHAdeMO Association
28:
915:Tesla Supercharger
370:
40:Production history
26:
1114:Charging stations
1086:
1085:
1073:
1072:
1013:
1012:
948:Type 2 (Mennekes)
803:Electric aircraft
789:Electric vehicles
740:SAE International
470:Berman, Bradley.
360:Megawatt charging
264:
263:
1126:
933:
932:
926:
925:
905:Charging station
856:
850:
818:Electric bicycle
782:
775:
768:
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753:
747:
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715:
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404:
386:
385:
300:GB/T DC-charging
255:
239:
223:
219:
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199:
194:
180:Protective earth
145:
29:
25:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1069:
1009:
993:
957:
924:
920:Vehicle-to-grid
893:
857:
851:
842:
791:
786:
756:
744:
742:
725:
723:Further reading
720:
719:
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623:
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250:
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94:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1021:
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992:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
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953:Type 3 (Scame)
950:
945:
939:
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930:
923:
922:
917:
912:
901:
899:
895:
894:
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891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
865:
863:
859:
858:
845:
843:
841:
840:
838:Electric truck
835:
830:
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820:
815:
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805:
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784:
777:
770:
762:
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703:
671:
621:
584:
565:(presentation)
552:
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423:
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378:
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361:
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344:
343:
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318:
317:Implementation
315:
288:direct current
262:
261:
257:
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248:
245:
241:
240:
232:
229:
225:
224:
215:
213:Confirmation 2
209:
205:
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193:Confirmation 1
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37:
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33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1131:
1120:
1117:
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1038:
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985:
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938:
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849:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
813:Electric boat
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
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783:
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771:
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588:
581:
563:
556:
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534:
527:
520:
513:
503:
502:Electric Revs
499:
492:
477:
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466:
459:
448:
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437:
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134:
126:
118:
115:Dedicated pin
110:
102:
97:
90:
87:
86:
80:
72:
67:
59:
51:
43:
38:
30:
22:
978:
969:AA (CHAdeMO)
823:Electric bus
808:Electric car
749:
743:. Retrieved
735:
706:
695:. Retrieved
674:
646:
642:
612:. Retrieved
594:
587:
575:
569:. Retrieved
555:
544:. Retrieved
532:
519:
505:
501:
491:
479:. Retrieved
475:
465:
457:
451:. Retrieved
442:
417:
409:
380:
371:
355:
352:
345:
339:
333:
328:
324:Type 2 inlet
320:
308:
271:
267:
265:
128:Max. current
120:Max. voltage
665:IEC 61851-1
614:10 December
481:25 February
476:www.sae.org
272:CHAdeMO 3.0
211:Connection
191:Connection
1093:Categories
1025:GB/T 20234
929:Connectors
745:2020-06-06
697:2020-09-07
571:2020-03-23
546:2021-09-07
453:2020-03-23
391:References
276:lemniscate
247:Signalling
231:Signalling
99:Electrical
1065:SAE J3400
1060:SAE J3105
1055:SAE J3068
1050:SAE J1772
1045:ISO 15118
1040:IEC 63110
1035:IEC 62196
1030:IEC 61851
1018:Standards
974:BB (GB/T)
377:Etymology
82:Connector
56:2018β2020
898:Charging
688:Archived
608:Archived
537:Archived
340:ChaoJi-2
334:ChaoJi-1
326:(male).
169:Negative
158:Positive
61:Produced
53:Designed
45:Designer
909:network
796:Vehicle
653:CHAdeMO
348:CAN bus
296:CHAdeMO
278:shape (
222:charger
198:charger
21:Chao Ji
979:ChaoJi
943:Type 1
268:ChaoJi
136:Pinout
123:1500 V
104:Signal
27:ChaoJi
998:AC/DC
691:(PDF)
684:(PDF)
639:(PDF)
540:(PDF)
529:(PDF)
458:10 mm
439:(PDF)
414:(PDF)
294:with
172:power
161:power
131:600 A
112:Earth
64:2021β
1080:WEVA
1005:NACS
862:Type
616:2020
483:2023
449:: 28
266:The
74:Pins
32:Type
989:MCS
657:CCS
649:CCS
600:doi
252:CAN
236:CAN
218:car
208:CC2
202:car
188:CC1
166:DC-
155:DC+
1095::
962:DC
936:AC
748:.
738:.
734:.
686:.
641:.
624:^
606:.
574:.
535:.
531:.
509:θΆ
ηΊ§
504:.
500:.
474:.
456:.
445:.
441:.
426:^
399:^
384:θΆ
ηΊ§
254:_L
244:S-
238:_H
228:S+
220:β
200:β
177:PE
107:DC
911:)
907:(
781:e
774:t
767:v
700:.
618:.
602::
549:.
485:.
280:β
23:.
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