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decorated with natural wood panels on the sides. The block is 37 metres (121 ft) tall with 11 floors, and contains 88 flats. The building has a similar podium to
Balfron Tower, albeit more extensive with a large underground car park underneath. It too has sky bridges on the same principle of access at every third floor. After designing Balfron, Goldfinger identified all the possible improvements and incorporated them first in Carradale House and afterwards to Trellick Tower. Like Balfron Tower, the robust nature of the detailing to this building has helped it to weather the passage of time. Over the course of three years, Carradale underwent an extensive and careful renovation under the supervision of English Heritage and the direction of PRP Architects.
476:
insulation and vapour barriers; efficient gas-fired boilers for replacement communal heating system; and new wet services, incorporating water conservation measures. Internally, communal spaces and flats are sensitively refurbished in keeping and without altering
Goldfinger's original layouts and heritage features. These embody key considerations related to restoring the key elements of the original scheme, undertaking repair and replacement on like-for-like basis, ensuring a lifespan of at least 30 years, taking advantage of a once in a lifetime opportunity to scaffold the entire building and upgrading as far as possible to accord with modern standards. This will ensure its future effectiveness and desirability as a place to live.
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Residents were to have the option to keep their flats in the blocks, or to move into new low-rise homes nearby, in which case the vacated flats would be sold to finance the works. In
October 2010, the residents of both blocks were sent notice that the refurbishment would require all residents to move
494:
As residents were decanted, a campaign formed in
December 2014 in an attempt to save 50% of the Balfron as social housing. In February 2015, residents and campaigners protested HARCA in February 2015 over fears that social tenants would be evicted. Shortly afterwards, it was announced that no social
424:
listed status in March 1996, (later changed to Grade II*) followed by
Carradale House in 2000. to spare them from demolition. Carradale and Glenkerry Houses were also included in the Balfron Tower Conservation Area, designated in 1998. The listing continues to attract comment, especially in view of
408:
style of 1960s architecture. Goldfinger himself was pleased with the design and moved into flat 130, on the 25th floor, for two months in 1968. He and his wife threw champagne parties to find out what the residents liked and disliked about his design. He applied what he learnt to his design for the
479:
Work to refurbish
Balfron Tower was undertaken through a joint partnership with Londonewcastle, a luxury residential developer. Pending the works to Balfron Tower, some flats were temporarily occupied by artists, who contributed to the community and put on displays in "heritage flat" number 123. A
308:). Lifts serve every third floor; thus, to reach a flat on the 11th, 12th, or 13th floors, residents or visitors would take a lift to the 12th. The lift shaft sits in a separate service tower, also containing laundry rooms and rubbish chutes, and joined to the residential tower by eight walkways.
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The first phase of the refurbishment took place from 2011 to 2014 with the lower block, Carradale House. Key features of the refurbishment include: replacement of existing windows with high-performance examples matching original pattern; upgrade of thermal performance using materials to provide
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listed. The two buildings appear to be natural extensions of each other, linked by style and design, with the long, low form of
Carradale House complementing the height of Balfron Tower. All flats have dual window aspect and large south facing balconies, allowing plenty of natural light, and
464:, and also to bring the buildings up to modern specifications and 21st century living standards. The refurbishment was technically challenging, due to the need to install new services without disturbing the listed exterior. The solid concrete design also suffers inherently from
513:
from the
University of Sheffield said: "The decision to convert two of the most symbolic tower blocks in London from local authority to private residences is a sign of how much the city has been set in service to the needs of capital and the rich."
1111:
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Balfron Tower has appeared as a location in many
British television programmes, often when an impression of urban deprivation was required. Some that used it extensively are "Faking It", the second episode of the BBC series
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in 2015. In particular they claim that the 'unsympathetic' replacement of the tower's windows has compromised the distinction and importance of the tower, reducing it from a 'genuinely iconic brutalist masterpiece' to an
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HARCA began a full refurbishment of the buildings in 2011. The architectural firm PRP which took up this project looked to restore these
Brutalist structures to their original form as required by
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housing would be retained, and that all of the flats would be sold. Six "heritage" apartments have been retained with original layout and colour scheme, with fixtures matching the originals.
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In December 2007, following a ballot of residents in 2006, Tower Hamlets Council transferred its ownership of Balfron Tower, Carradale House and the surrounding Brownfield Estate to
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used Balfron Tower and the Brownfield Estate as the location for the music video of his track "P Money" in 2015, which was then later featured in his 2017 album
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refurbished flat 130, where Goldfinger lived, to resemble its appearance in the 1960s. The work was designed by Tilly Hemmingway, with objects donated by the
384:
describes the surrounding Brownfield Estate as "all designed with an attention to detail and quality of materials unusual for the 60s or any other decade".
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The service tower is topped by a boiler room. In 1985, the original concrete boiler flues were replaced with metal, due to concrete decay.
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The two blocks were known as Rowlett Street Phases I and II during development before being named after the Scottish villages of
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was refused permission to drop a piano from the Tower as part of a "community workshop to explore how sound travels".
1024:
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429:, to obtain the same protection. In recent years Balfron Tower has been popular with visitors during the annual
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William Raban shot About Now MMX (2010) during his artist's residency in Balfron Tower. In July 2014 artist
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since 1996 (Grade II*, originally Grade II). Balfron Tower is stylistically similar to Goldfinger's later
1368:"'The council tenants weren't going to be allowed back': how Britain's 'ugliest building' was gentrified"
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out, due to fire safety and other risks, with no undertaking on whether they could return.
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The maisonettes are on floors 1 and 2, and 15 and 16, causing a break in the pattern of
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349:
Carradale House (1967â70) is an adjacent, unique, modernist building, also designed by
304:
Balfron Tower is 84 metres (276 ft) high and contains 146 homes (136 flats and 10
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1217:"Residents of Balfron Tower empowered by Simon Terrill's photographic representation"
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1396:"C20 Society's fears are confirmed as the Balfron Tower's new look is unveiled"
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The tower is referenced in the song "Balfron" by the band John on their album
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1311:"East End tenants 'booted out' of Goldfinger's iconic Balfron Tower' claim"
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restored Goldfinger's former flat number 130 to 1960s style as part of a
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on the same estate, complementing Balfron Tower and Carradale in style.
1267:"Balfron Tower exhibition showcases ErnÅ Goldfinger's brutalist talent"
1448:'Decaying east London tower block to house 12-hour Macbeth production'
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1056:
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547:
527:
405:
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1342:"How the Balfron Tower tenants were 'decanted' and lost their homes"
1145:"Redevelopment of iconic Balfron Tower leads to housing uncertainty"
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Balfron Tower Conservation Area Appraisals and Management Guidelines
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421:
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1540:"Artist's plan to drop piano off 27-storey tower block falls flat"
1175:"Londonewcastle and United House to refurb iconic Goldfiner tower"
498:
The second phase refurbishment plans were strongly opposed by the
1461:"Balfron 2.0: how Goldfinger's utopian tower became luxury flats"
539:
362:
334:"Carradale House" redirects here. For the house in Scotland, see
1667:
Grade II listed buildings in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
41:
1637:
877:
874:"Brutalist buildings: Balfron Tower, London by Ernö Goldfinger"
246:
1494:(Trailer). Maple Pictures. 20 July 2011. Event occurs at 0:13
369:, a pattern followed in naming other locations on the nearby
480:
major photographic project was undertaken in November 2010.
27:
Residential building in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
1672:
Tourist attractions in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
1219:. World Architecture News. 28 October 2010. Archived from
253:
style, it forms part of the Brownfield Estate, an area of
999:
London's most underappreciated architecture â in pictures
1558:"National Trust opens 1960s pop-up flat in iconic tower"
1052:
Brutalist towers are worshipped by the young urban crowd
995:"Brownfield Estate, Poplar. Designed by ErnÅ Goldfinger"
580:, a three-part drama series produced by Carnival Films.
522:
Shots of the building are featured in music videos for "
468:, which had to be remedied by internal wall insulation.
813:"Building of the Month: December 2012 â Balfron Tower"
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925:
913:, Tower Hamlets Council. Retrieved 23 November 2009
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1692:Skyscrapers in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
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1385:
1177:. Londonewcastle. 20 December 2013. Archived from
1142:
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792:, later block facing Balfron Tower, housing co-op
413:in West London. Goldfinger's studio later added
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425:the failure of another nearby Brutalist estate,
1019:
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1425:Alpha City: How the Super-Rich Captured London
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702:The estate is adjacent to the junction of the
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447:
345:Carradale House, with Balfron Tower behind it
1630:Building Design Online, Balfron's human face
965:
786:, similar tower in Kensal Town (west London)
750:The nearest London Underground stations are
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892:
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641:, a popular culture museum in Shropshire.
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1102:, Tower Hamlets Council, 18 December 2007
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451:
400:Balfron Tower was designed by architect
391:
340:
320:
1697:Residential buildings completed in 1967
1640:of public documents, by David Roberts,
1143:Alistair Kleebauer (21 December 2010).
984:, Poplar HARCA. Retrieved 18 July 2013.
583:The tower is featured in the 1988 film
237:is a 26-storey residential building in
14:
1649:
1117:
916:
830:
807:
805:
46:Balfron Tower, a prominent example of
1081:from the original on 26 November 2011
517:
1340:Mortimer, Benjamin (24 March 2015).
376:
1538:Tom Brooks-Pollock (10 July 2014).
1514:"Balfron Tower: a building archive"
1366:Wainwright, Oliver (26 July 2022).
1112:Balfron Tower & Carradale House
975:Balfron Tower & Carradale House
802:
24:
936:National Heritage List for England
852:National Heritage List for England
329:
25:
1708:
1677:Residential skyscrapers in London
1638:Balfron Tower: a building archive
1617:
593:and was the filming location for
1657:Brutalist architecture in London
1602:from the original on 28 May 2024
1309:Mike Brooke (18 February 2015).
1265:Mark Brown (26 September 2014).
611:'s post-apocalyptic horror film
336:Carradale House, Argyll and Bute
40:
1642:Bartlett School of Architecture
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1127:The future's golden for Balfron
1105:
1093:
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659:God Speed in the National Limit
243:London Borough of Tower Hamlets
1687:1967 establishments in England
1624:Points (and slabs) of interest
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866:
13:
1:
1292:"About - Balfron Social Club"
796:
664:
7:
931:"Carradale House (1246931)"
777:
752:Bromley-by-Bow tube station
404:and is associated with the
396:Balfron Tower lobby in 2008
10:
1713:
1450:The Guardian, 19 June 2014
1423:Atkinson, Rowland (2020).
746:London Underground Station
456:Entrance door to the tower
448:Refurbishment and sell-off
387:
333:
1662:ErnÅ Goldfinger buildings
1401:Twentieth Century Society
1200:Bow Arts In Balfron Tower
1114:at PRP Architects website
847:"Balfron Tower (1334931)"
817:Twentieth Century Society
722:The nearest stations are
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500:Twentieth Century Society
491:exhibition on brutalism.
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265:northern approach to the
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1100:'Better quality of life'
1071:"A Taste for the modern"
909:22 February 2012 at the
674:The estate is served by
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603:written and directed by
409:similar and more famous
1633:(subscription required)
732:Docklands Light Railway
718:Docklands Light Railway
607:. It also features in
420:The building was given
277:, built 1965â67 by the
167:Design and construction
149:84 metres (276 ft)
1315:East London Advertiser
1149:East London Advertiser
764:Hammersmith & City
457:
397:
346:
326:
109:51.513639°N 0.008806°W
1591:(Map). Not to scale.
1296:Balfronsocialclub.org
756:Bow Road tube station
586:For Queen and Country
455:
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344:
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275:London County Council
269:. It was designed by
1593:Transport for London
1518:www.balfrontower.org
1247:5 March 2016 at the
1223:on 15 September 2012
1077:. 2 September 2011.
708:River Lea Navigation
639:Land of Lost Content
373:and Teviot estates.
259:Chrisp Street Market
125:Construction started
114:51.513639; -0.008806
1626:by Sarah Buckingham
1564:. 26 September 2014
1467:. 19 September 2019
1023:(8 November 2009).
880:. 24 September 2014
694:and D8 run nearby.
605:Paul W. S. Anderson
483:In September 2014,
442:housing association
105: /
60:General information
1298:. 16 January 2019.
1255:, 17 December 2010
1030:The New York Times
768:Travelcard Zones 4
617:and the 2011 film
538:, "Mortalhas" by
518:In popular culture
458:
431:Open House Weekend
427:Robin Hood Gardens
398:
347:
327:
315:on the west side.
215:Reference no.
1585:Standard Tube Map
1562:East London Lines
1434:978-1-78873-797-5
1155:on 1 October 2011
734:services towards
591:Denzel Washington
568:; the ITV series
377:Brownfield Estate
281:, and has been a
241:, located in the
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154:Technical details
68:Residential flats
16:(Redirected from
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1544:Evening Standard
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1321:on 24 March 2019
1317:. Archived from
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644:UK grime artist
511:Rowland Atkinson
462:English Heritage
291:North Kensington
273:in 1963 for the
267:Blackwall Tunnel
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402:ErnÅ Goldfinger
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351:ErnÅ Goldfinger
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283:listed building
271:ErnÅ Goldfinger
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191:Listed Building
176:ErnÅ Goldfinger
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1595:. April 2024.
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1404:. 7 March 2019
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635:National Trust
628:Catherine Yass
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411:Trellick Tower
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182:Designations
172:Architect(s)
100:00°00â²31.7â³W
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1276:29 November
1227:21 December
1159:21 December
1085:27 December
1037:23 November
1033:. p. 4
942:11 December
858:16 February
609:Danny Boyle
589:, starring
577:Whitechapel
552:Money Talks
544:Ready to Go
306:maisonettes
295:West London
193:â Grade II*
159:Floor count
112: /
87:Coordinates
1651:Categories
1351:16 January
884:16 January
797:References
728:All Saints
207:Designated
1568:10 August
1498:14 August
1427:. Verso.
1204:Londonist
1057:The Times
822:6 October
740:Stratford
712:Bow Locks
682:and 309.
665:Transport
651:Godfather
601:1994 film
571:The Fixer
548:Republica
528:The Verve
507:hybrid'.
406:Brutalist
371:Aberfeldy
367:Carradale
293:, within
251:Brutalist
133:Completed
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1597:Archived
1408:13 March
1325:24 March
1245:Archived
1079:Archived
978:Archived
907:Archived
778:See also
760:District
596:Shopping
422:Grade II
355:Grade II
261:and the
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686:routes
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550:, and â
540:ProfJam
388:History
363:Balfron
219:1334931
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1606:3 June
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878:Dezeen
698:Canals
574:; and
565:Hustle
505:ersatz
300:Design
247:London
239:Poplar
141:Height
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670:Buses
646:Wiley
620:Blitz
554:â by
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536:Oasis
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1229:2010
1187:2014
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