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any association with whites, the food eaten by blacks, and what the militants termed "white man's religion", According to
Friedrike Kaufel, these changes "are petty ones". These changes were quietly and passively resisted by the church members, who continued "going to church" and "tithing and building and praying" Stanzas 6–8 show the militants wanting to build new institutions for black children, and realizing that while the militants were only using words, in the form of orders, to make changes, the churches were actually making needed changes in black neighborhoods. Rodgers shows further implicates the oppressive actions of the militants, and celebrates the communal sanctity of the black church in Stanza 8:
2179:) outlining a vision statement to spur militant and creative inquiry (but most particularly "Black Poetry – Where It's At") was widely disseminated and discussed among poets of that time. Thomas then goes on to point out that: "Her ideas were based on what Jerry W. Ward, Jr., has called "culturally anchored Speech Acts and Reader/Hearer Response." Her position on not only African-Americans' rights, but women's rights, was clear in the content and language in her poems. "She's demonstrably feminine because she's sexy," and her lines in "The Last M.F." show this:
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2002:. Rodgers develops the individual tone so well that the reader experiences a kinship with the poet and her subject matter (McElroy). The poem "how i got ovah" (from which the book receives its title) serves as an example of this deep personal voice. Rodgers begins an intimate revealing of personal survival with the opening lines:
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Rodgers earned an appreciative and crucial audience through her fiction and literary criticism. Her short stories, which are often overlooked, ultimately suggest themes of survival and adaptability, and are directed to a predominately black audience. Rodgers was successful in providing contemporary
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The implied criticism here is that while the militants were busy telling other black people how they should live to improve their lives, the black church communities were busy making black communities better. In stanzas 1–5, Rodgers notes that the militants try to change the hair styles, the dress,
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Estella M. Sales concludes that, in this poem, Rodgers "comes to recognize ... her own inner voice, her ancestral rootedness, her
Christian faith, and her parental support". She finds a way to "bridg the separating waters" and "reconcile ... contradictions" in the "seemingly dichotomous entities of
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Rodgers carries the reader through experiences of crossing rivers while "eyelash deep," picturing the engulfing of ideas and socially accepted expectations of her as a black woman. She encounters ancestors through nature with their "rich dark root fingers," showing appreciation for her heritage. At
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Despite recognition for her efforts in the Black Arts
Movement, Rodgers' unconventional use of language, especially for a woman, was frowned upon by some of her readers, most notably men. Her consistent use of profanity wasn't seen as "ladylike". Also, she urged her fellow black women to be strong
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Here
Rodgers points once again to the underlying foundation to which African Americans had been clinging even before the Black Arts Movement. By using her mother as the major reference point, the poet establishes these ideas as coming before the militants. Just as the church-goers had already been
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By the 1970s, Rodgers was distilling her language and militant persona into poetry that was deeply concerned with religion, God, and the quest for inner beauty. The change from militant views to more religious views can be seen in her 1975 poem "and when the revolution came." The repetition in the
1839:, Rodgers was encouraged from a young age to pursue music, and learned to play guitar and composed music for much of her life. She kept a journal throughout adolescence in which she explored poetry, but did not take writing seriously until she began college. Rodgers first attended college at the
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The same insight and searching analysis that distinguish her poetry are integral to
Rodgers's short fiction and her literary criticism. She portrays in her short fiction the ordinary and overlooked people in everyday African American life and emphasizes the theme of survival. Many consider her
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In "The Last M.F." Rodgers says she will stop using profanity but continues using the "menacing word" at least 11 times throughout the poem, blatantly making jabs at men and their ideas of how a woman should speak and behave. Here too, Rodgers mocks the new Black
Womanhood which she believes,
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in 1978, Rodgers is incorporating earlier themes of feminism and human dignity in her poems, along with newer or more pronounced themes of love and
Christianity. Some readers and cultural observers do not recognize a break or rupture from Rodgers's past in her later work. For them, Rodgers's
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and state clearly what they wanted. She prompted them not to acquiesce to the demands and expectations of white people, but just as important, she made it clear that black women should not be submissive to men in general; "she registers her scorn for black men who censor women."
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black readers with solace and encouragement to persist through her use of well-crafted language. Marsha C. Vick points out some of the reasons why Rodger's fiction was so influential at the time of publication, particularly focusing on her aesthetic appeal:
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In 2009, Rodgers was inducted into the
International Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent at the Gwendolyn Brooks Center for Black Literature and Creative Writing. In 2012, Rodgers was inducted into the Chicago Literary Hall of Fame.
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critical essay "Black Poetry – Where It's At" (1969) to be the best essay on the work of the "new black poets". In it, she aesthetically evaluates contemporary
African American poetry and sets up preliminary criteria of appraisal.
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If this cannot be characterized as transformative, nonetheless her work seems to have shifted from a collective black perspective in her early work to an individual one in her later writings. Consequently, by the time she publishes
1918:(1969), her revolutionary ideas about women's roles conflicted with the more traditional ideas of the African-American culture. She was criticized for her use of profanity, which male leaders of BAM found inappropriate for a woman.
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calling each other brother and sister according to a higher authority, Rodgers perceives an authority to which she can appeal who "ain't got no color". She renders powerless the restrictions placed on her by the color of her skin.
1784:-based writer, particularly noted for her poetry. The youngest of four, Rodgers had two sisters and a brother, born to Clarence and Bazella Rodgers. Rodgers was also a founder of one of America's oldest and largest black presses,
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Was at the forefront of the Civil Rights
Movement and served as a great influence for Black Consciousness, sparking "a new generation of African Americans the political relevance of Black Christian organizations, beliefs, and
1823:, and self-consciousness into a sometimes raging, sometimes ruminative search for identity. She also wrote deeply on the subject of mother/daughter relationships, particularly focusing on feminist, matriarchal issues.
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Rodgers was a revolutionary influence during the Civil Rights Movement for the black community and oppressed women. She was not afraid to stand up and fight for herself and her people, and she welcomed controversy:
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spiritual progress in her poetry still brings a radical infusion. Even in her later poetry, we can still break open into a vision uniquely situated in a poetics that remains strident, militant and experimental.
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Her poetry centered on declaring what black people needed to do to overcome their low status in society. She also elocuted that women not stand for the poor treatment they received from men, black or white.
1859:(OBAC), of which she was an active member from 1967 to 1971. The organization sought to promote city involvement and inclusion of the arts in the city of Chicago, which Rodgers was eager to participate in.
2266:. By 2007, the company continues to thrive in a multimillion-dollar facility. Over the years, Rodgers would publish works for friend and Pulitzer Prize–winning author Gwendolyn Brooks, as well as
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includes themes about survival, mother-daughter conflicts, and street life, it also criticizes those who dishonor her use of profanity. In her poem "The Last M.F." she fights back:
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In December 1967, Carolyn Rodgers met with Haki R. Madhubuti and Johari Amini in the basement of a South Side apartment to found Third World Press, an outlet for
1811:(1975). She was also an essayist and critic, and her work has been described as delivered in a language rooted in a black female perspective that wove strands of
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She used slang and heartfelt language to write about love, lust, body image, family, religion, and the grace of human kindness. In her earliest writings such as
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In these actions, the church members have long before reached the state of solidarity among themselves that the militants finally call for in Stanza 6.
1994:(1975) also reflect on feminine issues such as female identity, women's roles in society, and the relationships between mothers and daughters. However,
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exhibits a more crafted tendency than previous books, along with being more autobiographical and transformative. Personal voice pervades the poems of
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Later, Rodgers began writing her own works, which grappled with black identity and culture in the late 1960s. She was a leading voice of the
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street slang and concern with feminine issues. In her early days, black revolutionary themes and "cuss words" wove through some poems.
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1878:. Rodgers also won the Poet Laureate Award from the Society of Midland Authors in 1970. She then went on to receive an award from the
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that: "She would take no quarter from insults, or downgrading her writing as a woman ... Her writing could stand by itself."
1886:. In 1980, Rodgers won the Carnegie Writer's Grant. She won the Television Gospel Tribute in 1982 and the PEN Grant in 1987.
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Rodgers's poetry is recognizable for its themes, which included identity, religion, and revolution, and her own use of
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She became distinctive as a new black woman poet in the 1960s with the publication of her first two books,
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Bettye J. Parker-Smith, "Running Wild in Her Soul: The Poetry of Carolyn Rodgers", in Mari Evans (ed.),
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Another example of Rodgers's turn to more personal and religious matters is her poem "mama's God":
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includes comments, tributes, and links. Appears to have listed the birth year incorrectly as 1941
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vol. 558, no. 1, Americans and Religions in the Twenty-First Century, Summer 1998, pp. 101–121.
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2758:, April 2010; this tribute piece includes Rodgers' poem "Poem for Some Black Women".
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Extraordinary Measures: Afrocentric Modernism and Twentieth-Century American Poetry.
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Extraordinary Measures: Afrocentric Modernism and Twentieth-Century American Poetry
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categories specific to black poetry. Thomas points out that this kind of essay (or
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2726:"Carolyn M. Rodgers Dead at 69, Chicago Poet and Writer Helped Found Black Press"
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Jean Davis, "Carolyn M. Rodgers", in Trudier Harris and Thadious M. Davis (eds),
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In addition to writing poetry, Rodgers wrote numerous short stories. Her play
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1788:. She got her start in the literary circuit as a young woman studying under
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the end of the poem, she has found secret strength through staying afloat:
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Gilks, Cheryl T. "Plenty Good Room: Adaption in a Changing Black Church."
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in 1980. Rodgers is most well known for her writing contributions to the
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1870:(Chicago: Third World Press, 1969). Following the national success of
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Tuscaloosa and London: The University of Alabama Press, 2000. p. 211.
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1924:, chair, publisher and fellow founder of Third World Press, told the
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first four verses show a constancy in the black church communities:
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The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science,
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2693:. Tuscaloosa and London: The University of Alabama Press, 2000.
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Rodgers had a career as a teacher and educator, and taught at
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her birth year was 1940, although their source seems to be
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2639:. Copyright © 1997 by the University Press of Mississippi.
2686:. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000, pp. 1095–1097.
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Rodgers also owned her own publishing firm, Eden Press.
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Black Arts Movement Star Carolyn M. Rodgers Dead at 69
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Black Women Writers (1950–1980): A Critical Evaluation
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2239:(OBAC), which promotes cultural activity of the arts.
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and often we are so reserved, i have nothing to say.
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Why the Words and Works of Carolyn M. Rodgers Matter
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Gender and The Poetics of Excess: Moments of Brocade
2442:"Funeral Held For Chicago Poet Founding Black Press"
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that i am soft, and you can subpoena my man, put him
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her aches and trials, the tribulations of her heart
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Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers
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2789:Little Known Black History Fact: Carolyn Rodgers
1807:(BAM) and the author of eleven books, including
2779:"Carolyn M. Rodgers: 'Great poet' born of '60s"
2714:Modern American Poetry Site: Carolyn M. Rodgers
2504:"Carolyn M. Rodgers: 'Great poet' born of '60s"
1843:in 1960, but transferred in 1961 to Chicago's
387:Education of freed people during the Civil War
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2066:to realize that the church is an eternal rock
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2093:her My Jesus, Sweet Jesus never was neither.
1961:paradoxically, promotes women to be silent.
398:Historically black colleges and universities
2189:soft in the right places at the right times
2068:now why don't you militants jest come on in
382:Education during the slave period in the US
2608:. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
2122:was praying to and who she was praying to
1780:(December 14, 1940 – April 2, 2010) was a
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705:National Black Caucus of State Legislators
2803:, Rodgers' poem from her 1975 collection
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2213:, a father of the Black Theatre movement.
2111:mama never had no savior that would turn
1951:that I must and can only say it to myself
161:Slavery in the colonial history of the US
2709:Carolyn M. Rodgers: Voices from the Gaps
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2252:Rodgers worked as a book critic for the
2187:on trial, and he will testify that i am
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2526:
2425:"Carolyn Rodgers, Poet, Is Dead at 69"
2329:How I Got Ovah: New and Selected Poems
2237:Organization of Black American Culture
2114:his back on her because she was black
2076:and while we're on our knees, at that.
1876:Conrad Kent Rivers Memorial Fund Award
1857:Organization of Black American Culture
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2502:O'Donnell, Maureen (April 13, 2010).
2048:and they just kept on going to church
1947:in my poetry or in any speech I give.
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903:Athletic associations and conferences
392:History of African-American education
2892:African-American publishers (people)
2604:"mama's God", in Cary Nelson (ed.),
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826:Association for the Study of African
2882:20th-century American women writers
2684:Anthology of Modern American Poetry
2606:Anthology of Modern American Poetry
2532:
2403:Library of Congress Authority Files
2347:A Statistic, Trying to Make it Home
2278:. Rodgers' work has been quoted by
2100:the color they had was the color of
2052:and tithing and building and buying
1953:as the new Black Womanhood suggests
1640:Race and ethnicity in the US census
1141:African-American Vernacular English
710:National Conference of Black Mayors
13:
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2117:when mama prayed, she knew who she
2089:mama's God never was no white man.
1835:neighborhood in the South Side of
843:National Black Chamber of Commerce
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2703:Sites, exhibits, and artist pages
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2245:Rodgers was deeply influenced by
1976:state of peace is not known to me
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213:Civil rights movement (1954–1968)
203:Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
156:Abolitionism in the United States
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2379:Dictionary of Literary Biography
2064:we been waiting fo you militants
2062:and the church folks said, yeah.
2050:gittin on they knees and praying
1874:, Rodgers was awarded the first
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244:Black Belt in the American South
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2584:"On "when the revolution came""
2423:Weber, Bruce (April 19, 2010),
2224:, Malcolm X Community College,
2171:, Carolyn Rodgers proposed new
1882:, following the publication of
848:National Council of Negro Women
2907:Deaths from cancer in Illinois
2897:African-American women writers
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2383:Afro-American Poets since 1955
2153:Fiction and literary criticism
1986:Other volumes of work such as
1943:that I should not use the word
1880:National Endowment of the Arts
1645:Racism against Black Americans
1:
2481:Chicago Literary Hall of Fame
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2209:was produced Off-Broadway by
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853:National Pan-Hellenic Council
2917:University of Chicago alumni
2738:Carolyn M. Rodgers 1941–2010
2235:Rodgers was a member of the
2074:anything that needs building
2072:we can show you how to build
1655:School segregation in the US
1193:Black American Sign Language
1167:Languages and other dialects
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2912:Roosevelt University alumni
2877:20th-century American poets
2264:African-American literature
2256:and as a columnist for the
482:African-American businesses
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1020:Great Dismal Swamp maroons
695:Congressional Black Caucus
662:African Diaspora Religions
449:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
2028:and float as water, yea--
1527:US states and territories
828:American Life and History
550:Lift Every Voice and Sing
259:Treatment of the enslaved
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2795:Poems and other writings
2586:. Modern American Poetry
2560:. Modern American Poetry
2537:. Modern American Poetry
2222:University of Washington
2218:Columbia College Chicago
1729:United States portal
1136:African-American English
647:African-American Muslims
208:Jim Crow era (1896–1954)
2720:Tributes and obituaries
2558:"About Carolyn Rodgers"
2535:"About Carolyn Rodgers"
2323:The Heart as Ever Green
2146:The Heart as Ever Green
2026:and wanted to sink down
1988:The Heart as Ever Green
1650:Reparations for slavery
738:Back-to-Africa movement
637:Black Hebrew Israelites
515:African-American beauty
2887:African-American poets
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2070:we been waitin for you
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2015:
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1974:let uh revolution come
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1841:University of Illinois
1120:Dialects and languages
280:Second Great Migration
2677:Additional references
2460:, "Carolyn Rodgers",
2299:Selected publications
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2125:didn't and ain't got
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1972:
1939:
1849:University of Chicago
1778:Carolyn Marie Rodgers
1532:US metropolitan areas
1359:List of neighborhoods
973:Alabama Creole people
963:African-American Jews
895:Negro league baseball
858:National Urban League
810:Civic/economic groups
642:African-American Jews
532:African-American hair
394:, after the Civil War
223:Post–civil rights era
34:Carolyn Marie Rodgers
2922:Writers from Chicago
2902:American women poets
2582:Kaufel, Friederike.
2466:, 1992, pp. 544–546.
2385:, 1985, pp. 287–295.
2374:, 1984, pp. 393–410.
2341:Songs of a Blackbird
2317:Eden and Other Poems
2305:Morning Glory: Poems
2226:Albany State College
2032:i have shaken rivers
2010:i have shaken rivers
1935:Songs of a Blackbird
1916:Songs of a Blackbird
1884:Songs of a Blackbird
1868:Songs of a Blackbird
1845:Roosevelt University
1689:Criminal stereotypes
1464:District of Columbia
1181:Afro-Seminole Creole
623:Non-Christian groups
218:Black power movement
182:during the Civil War
151:Atlantic slave trade
100:Songs of a Blackbird
86:Roosevelt University
2801:"Some Me of Beauty"
2650:"Black America Web"
2463:Daughters of Africa
2358:Blackbird in a Cage
1933:So while Rodgers's
1853:Black Arts Movement
1805:Black Arts Movement
1085:Sierra Leone Creole
1046:Specific ancestries
931:Southwestern (SWAC)
454:Black History Month
285:New Great Migration
239:Agriculture history
2772:2010-04-18 at the
2429:The New York Times
2408:The New York Times
2254:Chicago Daily News
2230:Indiana University
2167:According to poet
1894:Poetry and poetics
1094:Sexual orientation
968:Afro-Puerto Ricans
921:Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
556:Self-determination
520:Black is beautiful
186:Reconstruction era
2783:Chicago Sun-Times
2734:, April 13, 2010.
2689:Thomas, Lorenzo.
2654:Black America Web
2617:Thomas, Lorenzo.
2514:on April 18, 2010
2508:Chicago Sun-Times
2477:"Carolyn Rodgers"
2448:, April 14, 2010.
2353:Paper Soul (1968)
2282:and performed by
2258:Milwaukee Courier
2024:was wet with cold
2022:though i shivered
1927:Chicago Sun-Times
1922:Haki R. Madhubuti
1837:Chicago, Illinois
1786:Third World Press
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1384:Dallas-Fort Worth
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506:Symbols and ideas
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171:Antebellum period
166:Revolutionary War
121:African Americans
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43:December 14, 1940
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2510:. Archived from
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1080:Samaná Americans
1005:Creoles of color
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657:Louisiana Voodoo
579:
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324:Family structure
307:
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254:Military history
249:Business history
180:military history
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108:
107:
58:
42:
40:
21:
20:
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2774:Wayback Machine
2746:Silliman's Blog
2731:Huffington Post
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2458:Busby, Margaret
2456:
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2400:
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2367:
2365:Further reading
2301:
2272:Sterling Plumpp
2211:Woodie King Jr.
2202:
2190:
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2184:
2155:
2107:
2094:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2035:
2034:out of my eyes.
2033:
2031:
2030:i can tell you.
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2013:
2012:out of my eyes.
2011:
2009:
2007:
1977:
1975:
1956:
1954:
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1942:
1896:
1829:
1771:
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1664:
1620:
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1489:Omaha, Nebraska
1454:Historic places
1448:
1340:
1211:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1162:
1121:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1089:
1041:
983:Black Seminoles
948:
947:Sub-communities
940:
939:
926:Southern (SIAC)
886:
878:
877:
872:
827:
811:
803:
802:
797:
714:
680:
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652:Nation of Islam
618:
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468:
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344:Musical theater
304:
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275:Great Migration
132:
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38:
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26:
25:Carolyn Rodgers
17:
16:American writer
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2805:How I Got Ovah
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2698:External links
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2006:i can tell you
2000:How I Got Ovah
1996:How I Got Ovah
1992:How I Got Ovah
1967:
1966:
1901:
1900:
1895:
1892:
1828:
1825:
1809:How I got Ovah
1792:-winning poet
1790:Pulitzer Prize
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59:(aged 69)
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2280:Oprah Winfrey
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2040:black life."
2036:
2019:
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978:Black Indians
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92:Notable works
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55:April 2, 2010
54:
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2804:
2782:
2750:Ron Silliman
2745:
2740:This "cyber-
2729:
2690:
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2667:
2662:
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2644:
2636:
2618:
2613:
2605:
2600:
2590:November 11,
2588:. Retrieved
2562:. Retrieved
2551:
2539:. Retrieved
2528:
2516:. Retrieved
2512:the original
2507:
2497:
2485:. Retrieved
2480:
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2328:
2322:
2316:
2311:Finite Forms
2310:
2304:
2276:Pearl Cleage
2257:
2253:
2206:
2194:
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2016:
2005:
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1987:
1985:
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1968:
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1925:
1920:
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1902:
1888:
1883:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1861:
1831:Born in the
1830:
1821:spirituality
1808:
1802:
1800:of Chicago.
1777:
1776:
1602:Sierra Leone
1434:Philadelphia
1404:Jacksonville
1000:Brass Ankles
753:Conservatism
728:Afrocentrism
700:Joint Center
591:Black church
582:Institutions
497:Billionaires
487:Middle class
440:Celebrations
403:Fraternities
99:
95:
57:(2010-04-02)
18:
2872:1940 births
2867:2010 deaths
2564:November 9,
2541:November 9,
2487:October 14,
2381:, vol. 41,
2335:2 Love Raps
2294:practices."
2288:Ossie Davis
2247:Hoyt Fuller
1990:(1978) and
1914:(1968) and
1833:Bronzeville
1817:black power
1670:Stereotypes
1597:Nova Scotia
1479:Mississippi
1439:San Antonio
1419:Los Angeles
1354:Black mecca
1281:Mississippi
1188:Negro Dutch
1010:Dominickers
954:Multiethnic
863:TransAfrica
773:Nationalism
743:Black power
527:Black pride
492:Upper class
191:Politicians
74:Nationality
2861:Categories
2390:References
2200:Sidelights
2008:about them
1965:Later work
1912:Paper Soul
1905:free verse
1899:Early work
1872:Paper Soul
1864:Paper Soul
1798:South Side
1236:California
1210:Population
783:Patriotism
768:Liberalism
748:Capitalism
719:Ideologies
600:Theologies
459:Juneteenth
431:Literature
359:Newspapers
267:Migrations
198:Juneteenth
96:Paper Soul
66:Occupation
39:1940-12-14
2827:Biography
2518:April 25,
2177:manifesto
2128:no color.
1949:they say,
1941:they say,
1694:Hollywood
1684:Blackface
1619:Prejudice
1537:US cities
1414:Lexington
1389:Davenport
1369:Baltimore
1345:US cities
1321:Tennessee
1271:Louisiana
1217:US states
1025:Melungeon
995:Blaxicans
793:Socialism
758:Garveyism
733:Anarchism
537:Good hair
364:Soul food
334:Folktales
82:Education
2770:Archived
2756:RIP+Poem
2748:by poet
2284:Ruby Dee
2173:prosodic
1813:feminism
1734:Category
1557:Diaspora
1484:Missouri
1409:Kentucky
1336:Virginia
1306:Oklahoma
1291:New York
1286:Nebraska
1276:Maryland
1251:Illinois
1231:Arkansas
1070:Merikins
1015:Freedmen
988:Mascogos
788:Populism
679:Politics
574:Religion
544:Stepping
310:Lifeways
146:Timeline
113:a series
111:Part of
98:(1968);
77:American
2839:Chicago
2813:Portals
2742:tombeau
1978:anyway
1796:in the
1782:Chicago
1592:Liberia
1474:Georgia
1469:Florida
1399:Houston
1394:Detroit
1379:Chicago
1364:Atlanta
1256:Indiana
1246:Georgia
1241:Florida
1226:Alabama
1158:Tutnese
1037:Redbone
763:Leftism
464:Kwanzaa
421:Studies
373:Schools
302:Culture
231:Aspects
176:Slavery
138:Periods
130:History
2851:Poetry
2483:. 2012
2360:(1967)
2349:(1969)
2343:(1969)
2337:(1969)
2331:(1975)
2325:(1978)
2319:(1983)
2313:(1985)
2307:(1989)
2228:, and
2183:i say,
1626:Racism
1587:Israel
1577:France
1572:Canada
1567:Africa
1374:Boston
1311:Oregon
1266:Kansas
1176:Gullah
1065:Gullah
885:Sports
632:Hoodoo
102:(1969)
69:Writer
2744:" at
2635:From
2446:Huliq
1739:Index
1582:Ghana
1504:Texas
1429:Omaha
1326:Texas
838:NAACP
349:Names
339:Music
319:Dance
2592:2012
2566:2014
2543:2014
2520:2010
2489:2017
2286:and
2274:and
2207:Love
1866:and
1672:and
1331:Utah
1301:Ohio
1261:Iowa
868:UNCF
329:Film
178:and
52:Died
31:Born
426:Art
2863::
2728:,
2652:.
2626:^
2574:^
2506:.
2479:.
2444:,
2427:,
2416:^
2270:,
2220:,
1819:,
1815:,
115:on
2815::
2807:.
2781:(
2656:.
2594:.
2568:.
2545:.
2522:.
2491:.
2431:.
2411:.
2290:.
2232:.
1766:e
1759:t
1752:v
552:"
548:"
41:)
37:(
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