280:
244:
145:
20:
253:
262:
271:
209:
expressed doubt that it truly represented Brutus and was keen to emphasize that the head and bust were not originally made together or for each other. This was an idea that was first suggested in the 17th century when some antiquarians mused that the head originally belonged to a larger bronze statue
231:
of the first half of the 3rd century BC. It may come from a full-length statue. It may have honored a public figure during Rome's expansion in the 3rd century BC. However, it is possible it dates to "as late as the early first century BC when there was a vogue for creating lively imaginary
218:
More recent scholars of the 20th century have been less concerned with whether or not it was an idealized portrait of Brutus and more preoccupied with the accurate dating and provenance of the bust. It has been identified as being
91:
The bust's modern history begins in Italy during the 16th century; nothing is known of its previous history before then. It was bequeathed to the city of Rome by
Cardinal
580:
344:
48:(d. 509 BC). The bust has long been dated to the late 4th to early 3rd centuries BC, but is perhaps as late as the 2nd century BC, or early 1st century BC.
279:
620:
243:
595:
23:"Capitoline Brutus", bronze portrait head, glass-inlaid bone eyes, late 4th to early 3rd centuries BC, on a 16th-century bronze bust
141:
in Paris in July 1798. It was finally returned to Rome and the
Palazzo dei Conservatori in 1816, where it has stayed ever since.
610:
79:, it may be "an archaizing work of the first century BC". The Roman head was provided with a toga-clad bronze bust during the
341:
95:
in 1564. Its identification as a representation of the ancient Roman statesman Lucius Junius Brutus was first formulated by
189:
of Brutus bore similar facial features to the bust. The profile of the bust is similar to the profile on a coin, depicting
605:
600:
553:
479:
205:
was not alone among his contemporaries in thinking the bust did not actually portray Brutus. The
Italian antiquarian
144:
568:
503:
198:
534:
60:
469:
202:
444:
118:
615:
228:
76:
51:
The bust is 69 cm (27 in) in height and is now in the Hall of the
Triumphs within the
252:
206:
107:
19:
130:
371:"Boston Museum of Fine Arts loan exhibition "Visiting Masterpieces: The Capitoline Brutus""
293:
194:
190:
166:
153:
100:
92:
45:
261:
8:
370:
270:
224:
138:
52:
564:
549:
499:
475:
170:
122:
64:
110:
sometime between 1532 and 1536, although it was first described in writing in 1549.
232:'portraits' of early Roman celebrities", which the "treatment of detail" suggests.
38:
35:
544:
Holliday, Peter. (1996). "Capitoline Brutus," in Nancy
Thomson de Grummond (ed.)
348:
298:
114:
99:
who excavated and examined it during the
Renaissance, based on their readings of
72:
589:
220:
134:
103:. However, there is no direct evidence that it was made to represent Brutus.
41:
traditionally but probably wrongly thought to be an imagined portrait of the
169:
of antiquity began with the writings of the 16th-century
Italian naturalist
68:
42:
32:
96:
80:
563:, 1995 (2nd edn.), Yale University Press (Penguin/Yale History of Art),
303:
182:
178:
174:
149:
126:
186:
106:
The first drawing of the bust was made by the Dutch artist
56:
494:
Rasmussen, Tom, "Early Roman Art", in Henig, Martin (ed),
546:
416:
414:
412:
410:
408:
406:
404:
402:
399:
587:
165:Speculation that the bust was meant to portray
531:, reprint edition. London: Reaktion Books Ltd.
621:Cultural depictions of Lucius Junius Brutus
160:
210:that once stood on the Capitoline Hill.
201:. The 18th-century German art historian
143:
18:
588:
581:Capitoline Brutus: museicapitolini.org
474:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 104.
148:Portrait of Lucius Junius Brutus on a
574:
213:
596:Sculptures in the Capitoline Museums
548:. Routledge: London & New York.
467:
223:in origin with clear influence from
13:
181:Gallaeus Servatius alleged that a
14:
632:
133:in 1797. It was then used in the
278:
269:
260:
251:
242:
59:. Traditionally taken to be an
508:
488:
468:Borg, Barbara E. (2015-12-21).
461:
445:"Libertas: The Coins of Brutus"
437:
423:
390:
381:
363:
354:
334:
325:
316:
199:assassination of Julius Caesar
1:
611:Hellenistic and Roman bronzes
541:, Cambridge University Press.
309:
527:Brilliant, Richard. (2002).
396:Holliday (1996), pp. 235–36.
351:. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
7:
387:Brilliant (2002), pp. 55–6.
287:
77:Greek styles of portraiture
10:
637:
521:
235:
203:Johann Joachim Winckelmann
86:
606:3rd-century BC sculptures
601:4th-century BC sculptures
229:sculpture and portraiture
173:. The Dutch 17th-century
113:The bust was kept on the
16:Ancient Roman bronze bust
559:Strong, Donald, et al.,
539:Roman Republican Coinage
498:, p. 23, Phaidon, 1983,
471:A Companion to Roman Art
449:www.humanities.mq.edu.au
431:Roman Republican Coinage
420:Holliday (1996), p. 236.
322:Brilliant (2002), p. 55.
119:Palazzo dei Conservatori
496:A Handbook of Roman Art
161:Antiquarian speculation
207:Ennio Quirino Visconti
157:
129:surrendered it to the
108:Maarten van Heemskerck
24:
147:
131:French First Republic
117:and from 1627 in the
22:
294:Roman Republican art
195:Marcus Junius Brutus
191:Lucius Junius Brutus
167:Lucius Junius Brutus
154:Marcus Junius Brutus
135:triumphal procession
93:Rodolfo Pio da Carpi
46:Lucius Junius Brutus
377:. January 18, 2013.
340:Capitoline Brutus.
575:Eternal references
347:2016-08-27 at the
214:Modern scholarship
185:minted during the
158:
139:Napoleon Bonaparte
67:and perhaps by an
53:Capitoline Museums
25:
535:Crawford, Michael
171:Ulisse Aldrovandi
123:Capitoline Museum
75:and contemporary
65:Roman portraiture
29:Capitoline Brutus
628:
515:
512:
506:
492:
486:
485:
465:
459:
458:
456:
455:
441:
435:
427:
421:
418:
397:
394:
388:
385:
379:
378:
367:
361:
358:
352:
342:Musei Capitolini
338:
332:
329:
323:
320:
282:
273:
264:
255:
246:
156:minted in 54 BC.
636:
635:
631:
630:
629:
627:
626:
625:
586:
585:
577:
524:
519:
518:
513:
509:
493:
489:
482:
466:
462:
453:
451:
443:
442:
438:
434:
428:
424:
419:
400:
395:
391:
386:
382:
369:
368:
364:
359:
355:
349:Wayback Machine
339:
335:
330:
326:
321:
317:
312:
299:Roman sculpture
290:
283:
274:
265:
256:
247:
238:
221:Central Italian
216:
163:
115:Capitoline Hill
89:
73:Hellenistic art
69:Etruscan artist
17:
12:
11:
5:
634:
624:
623:
618:
616:Busts in Italy
613:
608:
603:
598:
584:
583:
576:
573:
572:
571:
557:
554:978-0313220661
542:
532:
523:
520:
517:
516:
507:
487:
480:
460:
436:
433:, pp. 455–456.
422:
398:
389:
380:
362:
353:
333:
324:
314:
313:
311:
308:
307:
306:
301:
296:
289:
286:
285:
284:
277:
275:
268:
266:
259:
257:
250:
248:
241:
237:
234:
215:
212:
197:following the
177:and editor of
162:
159:
125:), until Pope
88:
85:
71:influenced by
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
633:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
593:
591:
582:
579:
578:
570:
566:
562:
558:
555:
551:
547:
543:
540:
536:
533:
530:
526:
525:
514:Strong, p. 47
511:
505:
501:
497:
491:
483:
481:9781405192880
477:
473:
472:
464:
450:
446:
440:
432:
426:
417:
415:
413:
411:
409:
407:
405:
403:
393:
384:
376:
372:
366:
360:Strong, p. 47
357:
350:
346:
343:
337:
328:
319:
315:
305:
302:
300:
297:
295:
292:
291:
281:
276:
272:
267:
263:
258:
254:
249:
245:
240:
239:
233:
230:
226:
222:
211:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
155:
151:
146:
142:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
111:
109:
104:
102:
101:Roman history
98:
94:
84:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
61:early example
58:
54:
49:
47:
44:
40:
37:
34:
33:ancient Roman
30:
21:
560:
545:
538:
528:
510:
495:
490:
470:
463:
452:. Retrieved
448:
439:
430:
425:
392:
383:
374:
365:
356:
336:
327:
318:
217:
193:, minted by
164:
112:
105:
97:antiquarians
90:
50:
43:Roman consul
28:
26:
537:, (1974),
529:Portraiture
331:Srong, p 47
227:-era Greek
225:Hellenistic
81:Renaissance
590:Categories
569:0300052936
504:0714822140
454:2018-02-04
429:Crawford,
310:References
304:The Orator
187:consulship
183:Roman coin
179:Lactantius
561:Roman Art
175:antiquary
345:Archived
288:See also
150:denarius
522:Sources
375:Mfa.org
236:Gallery
127:Pius VI
87:History
567:
552:
502:
478:
36:bronze
31:is an
565:ISBN
550:ISBN
500:ISBN
476:ISBN
57:Rome
39:bust
27:The
152:of
137:of
63:of
592::
447:.
401:^
373:.
83:.
55:,
556:.
484:.
457:.
121:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.jpg)