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756:, a series of encounters that ended on April 12. Price's Confederates returned to Prairie D'Ane on April 13, falling upon Steele's rearguard under Thayer. After a four-hour battle, Price disengaged, and Steele's column continued to Camden. Steele made a feint toward Washington, but then withdrew to Camden, in order to resupply his army, which was then on half-rations. Price had stripped Camden of personnel in order to defend Washington, and the Union forces occupied the city on April 15 against no significant opposition, but found no supplies awaiting him.
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738:'s cavalry. The following day, Marmaduke's cavalry also attacked the Union forces as they were trying to cross the river. The Federals were able to fend off both of these attacks and then cross the river. The outnumbered Confederates were forced to withdraw, and Maj. Gen. Price established a defensive position, lightly fortified by earthworks, on the road between Elkin's Ferry and Washington at the western edge of the sparsely-populated Prairie d'Ane, a roughly circular area of prairie surrounded by woodlands.
953:
700:, southwest of Monticello. Clayton's cavalry force crossed the Saline at Mount Elba, Arkansas, after sweeping aside a small guard force. Clayton divided his forces and sent part to establish a blocking position to the west near Marks Mill. One hundred picked men under Lieutenants Greathouse and Young were then dispatched to destroy the Confederate pontoon bridge at Longview. On March 29, the lieutenants surprised and captured approximately 250 soldiers belonging to Brig. Gen.
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774:, and now more of Smith's forces were heading into Arkansas to intercept Steele. Dwindling supplies for his army at Camden forced Steele to send out a 1,200-man foraging party to gather corn that the Confederates had stored about twenty miles away. After loading the corn into over 200 wagons and proceeding about 5 miles on April 18, Col.
704:'s brigade at Longview. Confederate forces in the area were now alerted to the presence of Clayton's raiders in the area and attempted to cut off Clayton's command by attacking their bridgehead at Mount Elba on March 30, 1864. Clayton was successful in re-crossing the Saline, defeating Confederate forces at the
827:
Smith's
Confederates arrived at Jenkins' Ferry on April 30 and repeatedly attacked the retreating Federals in windy and rainy conditions. Steele repulsed the attacks and finally crossed with what was left of his force, destroying the bridge to prevent Smith from following. He was compelled to abandon
836:
The Camden
Expedition was perhaps the greatest Federal military disaster in Arkansas throughout the war. Union forces suffered over 2,500 casualties, lost hundreds of wagons and failed to take Shreveport or Texas. Confederate forces freely roamed rural Arkansas, while the Federals stayed in their
613:
1060:
Accompanying 62 photos, from 1992-1993: Old U.S. Arsenal (6 photos), Confederate State
Capitol (5 photos), Prairie de Ann Battlefield (7 photos), Jenkins' Ferry Battlefield (4 photos), Marks' Mills Battlefield (10 photos), Fort Southerland (5 photos), Poison Spring Battlefield (7 photos), Fort
845:, and Little Rock. Confederate success in Arkansas did not come without a cost, however. Resources might have been used more effectively against Porter and Banks while the Union fleet was delayed due to low water on the Red River. Instead, Porter's fleet was able to escape nearly intact.
561:. Steele would garrison Shreveport while Banks forged ahead into northeastern Texas. But the two pincers never converged, and Steele's columns suffered terrible losses in a series of battles with Confederate forces led by Maj. Gen.
804:
resulted in the capture of 2,000 more of Steele's men and many more wagons. Steele decided to abandon Camden under the cover of darkness and retreated to Little Rock on April 26. Three days later, he reached the Saline River at
1103:"THE WAR IN ARKANSAS.; The Rebels Defeated at Longview Destruction of a Bridge and Train Over ThreeHundred Prisoners Captured Another Pitched Battle and the Rebels again Routed Operations of Gov. Murphy. FURTHER PARTICULARS"
1948:
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United States. War
Department. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union And Confederate Armies. Series 1, Volume 34, In Four Parts. Part 1, Reports., Book, 1892; (
1973:
1963:
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After a two-day wait, Maj. Gen. Steele sent out foraging parties into the countryside and awaited news from Banks. However, Banks was in retreat, having been defeated at the
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most of his remaining supply wagons in the swamp north of the river. A badly chagrined Steele finally reached his base at the Little Rock
Arsenal on May 3.
786:. Williams was forced to retreat northward into a marsh, where his men finally regrouped and fell back to Camden, minus the wagonloads of much needed corn.
712:, with over 260 prisoners. The first Union actions of the Union expedition was a complete success, but the rest of the expedition would not go as planned.
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to re-supply. As all the bridges on the Little
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Steele's route was through a thinly populated wilderness with little provisions. He hoped to occupy Camden, a port city on the
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1254:. Unwritten Chapters of the Civil War West of the River. Vol. II. Iowa City, Iowa: Camp Pope Bookshop. pp. 222–239.
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Steele was relieved on April 20 when a wagon train arrived from Pine Bluff with welcome supplies. One week later, the
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The
Arkansas phase of this Red River Campaign was entitled the Camden Expedition, an effort endorsed by Lieut. Gen.
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counties, where events of the Union army's disastrous Camden
Expedition occurred, are individually listed on the
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and northern
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forces in a number of theaters. Separate Union columns were to destroy the remaining
Confederate troops in
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Elba Long View: accessed May 27, 2016), University of North Texas Libraries, The Portal to Texas History,
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After waiting for the arrival of reinforcements, Maj. Gen. Steele advanced on April 9, but was stopped at
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The Camden Expedition of 1864 and the Opportunity Lost by the Confederacy to Change the Civil War
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1454:. Series 1, Vol. XXXIV, Part 1, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
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Steele led a combined 8,500-man Union force of infantry, artillery and cavalry from the
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1302:. Graphics by Robin D. Kern. Fort Leavenworth, KS: Combat Studies Institute Press.
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on March 23, 1864, with the objective of joining forces with Maj. Gen. Banks at
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before the Confederates, but on April 3, they were attacked by Brig. Gen.
1156:; crediting UNT Libraries Government Documents Department, Denton, Texas.
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Gano's Brigade: A History of the Fifth Texas Cavalry Brigade, 1863-1864
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519:. This was part of a much larger effort to move simultaneously against
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Campaigns of the Trans-Mississippi Theater of the American Civil War
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http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth146033/m1/808/?q=Mount
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Staff Ride Handbook for the Red River Campaign, 7 March-19 May 1864
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Banasik, Michael E., ed. (2000). "Chapter 15: Camden Expedition ".
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Grear, Charles David (2001). "Chapter III: The Camden Campaign".
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Strategic operations of the Union Army in the American Civil War
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1050:"National Historic Landmark Nomination: Camden Expedition Sites"
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to harry the Union column and to prevent it from crossing the
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Edward C. Bearss and James H. Charleton (November 29, 1993).
778:'s party was savagely attacked by Marmaduke's and Brig. Gen.
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1022:. National Park Service. September 26, 2007. Archived from
1394:(1958). "Chapter VI: The Federals go Hungry in Arkansas".
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As a supporting effort, to help fix Confederate forces at
662:. Confederate Maj. Gen. Sterling Price ordered Brig. Gen.
1964:
Military operations of the American Civil War in Arkansas
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Red River Campaign: Politics and Cotton in the Civil War
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Lookout (9 photos), Elkin's Ferry Battlefield (9 photos)
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1176:. Vol. 2018, no. 4. Department of Missouri.
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conducted a raid on Longview, Arkansas, a port on the
1874:
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General Sterling Price and the Civil War in the West
654:. Confederate forces in Arkansas were directed from
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
855:Camden Expedition Sites National Historic Landmark
123:Camden Expedition Sites National Historic Landmark
992:Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1864
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1293:Clay, Steven E. (2022). Hogg, Michael L. (ed.).
1207:(Louisiana pbk. ed.). Baton Rouge; London:
1954:Confederate victories of the American Civil War
859:Nine nationally significant historic places in
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688:, prevent them from opposing Steele's march to
118:Military campaign during the American Civil War
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620:, the Confederates fought a strong defensive
474:was designed to cooperate with Major-General
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1470:Arkansas Department of Parks & Tourism
1020:National Historic Landmark summary listing
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889:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
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106:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1360:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co.
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454:(March 23 – May 3, 1864) was the final
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891:. They were collectively designated a
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1959:Expeditions of the American Civil War
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44:adding citations to reliable sources
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1452:of the Union and Confederate Armies
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1515:Arkansas in the American Civil War
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1466:Camden Expedition Civil War Trail
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1209:Louisiana State University Press
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534:. The plan called for Maj. Gen.
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1180:. December 31, 2018. p. 31
987:Arkansas Heritage Trails System
670:as it moved toward Washington.
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121:For the historic landmark, see
31:needs additional citations for
1924:1864 in the American Civil War
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1797:Indian Council at Fort Smith
1356:Forsyth, Michael J. (2003).
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817:Engagement at Jenkins' Ferry
546:expedition led by Maj. Gen.
339:Red River campaign
7:
1147:http://texashistory.unt.edu
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760:Engagement at Poison Spring
716:Engagement at Elkin's Ferry
642:Confederate order of battle
600:'s strategy was to isolate
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1822:Camp White Sulphur Springs
1479:Historical Marker Database
1078:"Encyclopedia of Arkansas"
893:national historic landmark
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1152:October 14, 2008, at the
1016:"Camden Expedition Sites"
905:Camden Expedition gallery
809:and began constructing a
742:Skirmish at Prairie D'Ane
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1802:Fourth Military District
1443:The War of the Rebellion
1203:Castel, Albert (1993) .
1082:Encyclopedia of Arkansas
1055:. National Park Service.
849:Battlefield preservation
823:Battle of Jenkins' Ferry
1167:"The Camden Expedition"
1141:March 27, 2018, at the
782:'s Confederates at the
766:Battle of Poison Spring
748:Battle of Prairie D'Ane
722:Battle of Elkin's Ferry
802:Battle of Marks' Mills
796:Battle of Marks' Mills
790:Action at Marks’ Mills
633:
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589:
587:Department of Arkansas
246:Department of Arkansas
237:March 23 – May 3, 1864
1475:The Camden Expedition
1448:a Compilation of the
1440:U.S. War Department,
1349:Texas Tech University
1174:The Missouri Unionist
636:Further information:
615:
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540:Shreveport, Louisiana
538:'s force to march to
1402:. pp. 170–205.
710:Pine Bluff, Arkansas
706:Battle of Mount Elba
686:Monticello, Arkansas
680:Battle of Mount Elba
674:Action at Mount Elba
40:improve this article
1400:Johns Hopkins Press
1392:Johnson, Ludwell H.
895:on April 19, 1994.
772:Battle of Mansfield
648:Little Rock Arsenal
585:, commander of the
502:U.S. War Department
177: /
149:Strategic offensive
55:"Camden Expedition"
1969:Red River campaign
1891:American Civil War
1107:The New York Times
837:fortifications at
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610:
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548:Nathaniel P. Banks
496:Red River Campaign
476:Nathaniel P. Banks
140:American Civil War
1939:April 1864 events
1934:March 1864 events
1919:Camden Expedition
1872:
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1807:Brooks–Baxter War
1782:
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1712:Terre Noire Creek
1610:Hill's Plantation
1351:. pp. 34–61.
1109:. April 7, 1864.
776:James M. Williams
702:Thomas P. Dockery
664:John S. Marmaduke
616:Led by Maj. Gen.
458:conducted by the
452:Camden Expedition
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197:Commanded by
181:33.583°N 92.833°W
146:Operational scope
133:Camden Expedition
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708:and returned to
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506:Secretary of War
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57: –
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51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1862:
1827:Fayetteville
1732:Marks’ Mills
1651:Fayetteville
1564:
1447:
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1184:September 2,
1182:. Retrieved
1173:
1161:
1130:
1118:. Retrieved
1106:
1097:
1085:. Retrieved
1081:
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1028:. Retrieved
1024:the original
1019:
959:Marks' Mills
858:
835:
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645:
573:The campaign
552:Rear Admiral
529:
499:
451:
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434:Marks' Mills
406:
405:
404:
400:Yellow Bayou
355:Fort DeRussy
349:
292:Location of
138:Part of the
127:
102:
96:January 2017
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1817:Camp Nelson
1813:Cemeteries
1775:Ivey's Ford
1666:Brownsville
1656:Chalk Bluff
1605:St. Charles
1550:Little Rock
1529:Confederacy
1120:October 14,
1087:October 14,
660:Little Rock
628:advance at
521:Confederate
466:during the
385:26–27 April
256:Confederate
184: /
1913:Categories
1772:Dardanelle
1752:Fort Smith
1707:Mount Elba
1691:Pine Bluff
1671:Bayou Meto
1522:Combatants
1376:2003004182
1326:1341268269
1318:2022036037
998:References
839:Fort Smith
656:Washington
652:Shreveport
581:Maj. Gen.
544:amphibious
484:Shreveport
460:Union Army
414:Mount Elba
390:Alexandria
228:Shreveport
207:Maj. Gen.
66:newspapers
1787:Aftermath
1630:Van Buren
1620:Cane Hill
1595:Pea Ridge
1560:Red River
1543:Campaigns
1334:40130965M
1270:00-105377
1235:872129877
1115:0362-4331
873:Hempstead
865:Cleveland
832:Aftermath
565:and Gen.
513:Louisiana
472:offensive
468:Civil War
365:Mansfield
350:Louisiana
215:Objective
1903:Arkansas
1852:Category
1572:Missouri
1434:6263996M
1418:58-59976
1384:3672650M
1286:6798910M
1278:45105391
1243:7945549M
1227:68-21804
1150:Archived
1139:Archived
981:See also
881:Ouachita
728:Ouachita
622:campaign
490:Overview
482:against
480:movement
456:campaign
407:Arkansas
226:against
224:movement
154:Location
1877:Portals
1863:Commons
1581:Battles
1426:1543528
1030:May 26,
885:Pulaski
692:, Col.
395:Mansura
258:victory
252:Outcome
172:92°50′W
169:33°35′N
80:scholar
1832:Helena
1661:Helena
1565:Camden
1432:
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883:, and
877:Nevada
843:Helena
698:Saline
630:Camden
515:, and
470:. The
294:Camden
286:Camden
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1534:Union
1300:(PDF)
1170:(PDF)
1053:(pdf)
869:Grant
861:Clark
638:Union
626:Union
602:Banks
596:Gen.
559:Texas
517:Texas
220:Banks
87:JSTOR
73:books
1766:1865
1700:1864
1639:1863
1588:1862
1422:OCLC
1414:LCCN
1404:ISBN
1372:LCCN
1362:ISBN
1322:OCLC
1314:LCCN
1304:ISBN
1274:OCLC
1266:LCCN
1256:ISBN
1231:OCLC
1223:LCCN
1213:ISBN
1186:2024
1122:2022
1111:ISSN
1089:2022
1057:and
1032:2006
640:and
550:and
500:The
450:The
234:Date
59:news
1477:at
1468:at
462:in
42:by
1915::
1446::
1430:OL
1428:.
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329:e
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94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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