65:
2013:
44:
2001:
559:
and this can lead to interesting decorative effects. Cultivars with ornamental foliage are usually selected for reddish and golden leaf colour. A few forms can be silvery grey. Many of the ornamental foliage forms change colour with the onset of winter weather, usually increasing in intensity of colour. Some forms are grown for distinctive young spring foliage.
558:
Different cultivars have flower colours ranging from white, through pink and a wide range of purples, and including reds. The flowering season with different cultivars extends from late July to
November in the northern hemisphere. The flowers may turn brown but still remain on the plants over winter,
401:. Koch et al. elucidate the mechanism of activity that results in the loss of the parasite's flagellum, leading to reduced infectivity, because the flagellum is crucial to anchoring in the insect gut.
787:
Heather stalks are used by a small industry in
Scotland as a raw material for sentimental jewellery. The stalks are stripped of bark, dyed in bright colours and then compressed with resin.
705:"ale is frequently made of the young tops of heath, mixing two thirds of that plant with one of malt, sometimes adding hops". "Heath Beer" is mentioned in the recipe book of
1183:
1097:
1879:"Ethnopharmacological in vitro studies on Austria's folk medicineâan unexplored lore in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of 71 Austrian traditional herbal drugs"
1157:
1877:
Vogl, S; Picker, P; Mihaly-Bison, J; Fakhrudin, N; Atanasov, A. G.; Heiss, E. H.; Wawrosch, C; Reznicek, G; Dirsch, V. M.; Saukel, J; Kopp, B (2013).
275:
growing to 20 to 50 centimetres (8 to 20 in) tall, or rarely to 1 metre (40 in) and taller, and is found widely in Europe and Asia Minor on
2618:
2216:
642:
Heather is an important food source for various sheep and deer which can graze the tips of the plants when snow covers low-growing vegetation.
2693:
2255:
1843:
793:
herb has been used in the traditional
Austrian medicine internally as tea for treatment of disorders of the kidneys and urinary tract.
2801:
2291:
168:
2543:
2164:
1235:
2631:
2569:
2229:
2177:
1161:
2716:
302:
woodland. It is tolerant of grazing and regenerates following occasional burning, and is often managed in nature reserves and
1098:"Countries (or multi-country features) with distribution records for Calluna vulgaris in the Global Invasive Species Database"
325:
are generally larger and in whorls of 3â4, sometimes 5. It flowers from July to
September. In wild plants these are normally
2659:
2780:
2964:
2636:
2234:
1101:
2959:
975:
2507:
2005:
1780:
1339:
951:
357:
is sometimes referred to as Summer (or Autumn) heather to distinguish it from winter or spring flowering species of
2934:
2896:
2556:
2353:
2017:
17:
2698:
2260:
1677:
1313:
815:
flees through the heather, when heather and
Scotland are linked in the same sentence, the heather talked about is
2605:
2203:
1521:
1417:
539:
in the North Island, as well as the
Wilderness Reserve (Te Anau) in the South Island, overgrowing native plants.
2939:
2924:
2721:
1729:
1495:
2819:
1547:
2680:
2309:
2242:
1703:
1365:
1261:
836:. It was chosen as a national flower on the basis of a vote of popularity in a Norwegian radio show in 1976.
721:
1625:
1573:
2535:
2437:
1599:
1287:
2827:
2419:
2086:
1830:
563:
391:
contains a megastigmane, callunene, that is inhibitory at naturally occurring concentrations to a common
2156:
2143:
1391:
757:
until stirred, when it becomes a syrup like other honey, but then sets again to a jelly. This makes the
2814:
2400:
2304:
1651:
1469:
1443:
843:
2574:
1075:
2901:
2708:
2654:
2522:
2358:
2270:
2182:
419:
185:
1812:"Most people today consider it the best of all honeys, but this was not always so." Alice M. Coats,
914:
In favorable conditions, old plants can grow to the height of a man, and have hidden many a fugitive
64:
2954:
2949:
1209:
2672:
1100:. Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. Archived from
2473:
2296:
2151:
1799:
532:
2875:
2806:
2623:
2530:
2138:
2029:
555:, selected for variation in flower colour and for different foliage colour and growing habits.
427:
2770:
2221:
1847:
1122:
2944:
2855:
660:) feed on it, and can cause extensive mortality in some instances. The larvae of a number of
567:
446:
380:
and a novel phenolic glycoside, most of which are found in greater number during the summer.
207:
2747:
2597:
2283:
1927:
739:
being moved there in late summer. Not always as valued as it is today, it was dismissed as
499:. It has been introduced into many other places worldwide with suitable climates, including
2481:
2112:
1039:
1000:
8:
2929:
2765:
832:
725:
519:, surviving severe exposure and freezing conditions well below â20 °C (â4 °F).
2793:
1043:
1004:
2969:
2883:
2340:
1903:
1878:
1028:"Flagellum Removal by a Nectar Metabolite Inhibits Infectivity of a Bumblebee Parasite"
847:
706:
656:
540:
516:
59:
1971:
2742:
2455:
2278:
2099:
2067:
1908:
1776:
1149:
1057:
1012:
971:
947:
810:
749:. Heather honey has a characteristic strong taste, and an unusual texture, for it is
369:
543:
have been released to stop the heather, with preliminary trials successful to date.
2888:
2561:
2345:
1898:
1890:
1047:
1008:
758:
682:
666:
528:
512:
465:
377:
2460:
2411:
2104:
2078:
2729:
2646:
2424:
2091:
859:
777:
769:
397:
392:
350:
338:
261:
102:
2865:
2832:
2685:
2247:
1793:
887:
2788:
2332:
2052:
991:(1982). "Phenolic composition and its seasonal variation in Calluna vulgaris".
781:
773:
768:
White heather is regarded in
Scotland as being lucky, a tradition brought from
694:
469:
89:
2757:
1894:
1052:
1027:
2918:
2512:
865:
823:
717:
643:
536:
500:
492:
414:
224:
2845:
2385:
2322:
1912:
1061:
1025:
988:
329:, but white-flowered plants also occur occasionally. They are terminal in
1026:
Koch, H.; Woodward, J.; Langat, M.; Brown. M.J.F.; Stevenson P.C. (2019).
986:
317:
has small-scale leaves (less than 2â3 mm long) borne in opposite and
2667:
2582:
2447:
2394:
2190:
2061:
925:
750:
746:
686:
661:
508:
318:
303:
2734:
761:
of the honey from the comb difficult, and it is therefore often sold as
2548:
2169:
762:
647:
158:
2587:
2195:
1150:"Biocontrol News and Information - Heather Beetle: from Doom to Boom?"
735:
is a highly valued product in moorland and heathland areas, with many
673:
Formerly heather was used to dye wool yellow and to tan leather. With
2494:
2125:
504:
436:
269:
265:
148:
2023:
941:
2840:
2379:
2317:
2046:
2012:
802:
736:
552:
441:), "beautify, sweep clean", in reference to its traditional use in
287:
138:
128:
115:
2610:
2499:
2130:
43:
2468:
2208:
650:
feed on the young shoots and seeds of this plant. Both adult and
488:
912:(1992 ed.). London, England, UK: London Press. p. 45.
2486:
2432:
2000:
1942:
1876:
827:
664:
species also feed on the plant, notably the small emperor moth
496:
484:
384:
330:
2117:
809:
speak of "fragrant hills of purple heather', when the hero of
732:
713:
702:
678:
651:
453:
442:
430:
334:
326:
283:
272:
252:
76:
690:
674:
295:
276:
1754:
Moss R & Parkinson J (1972) The digestion of heather (
527:
The plant was introduced to New
Zealand and has become an
754:
299:
291:
1798:. Unpublished manuscript (wellcome collection). p.
1972:"Norway's National Flower Explained - The Norway Guide"
306:
by sheep or cattle grazing, and also by light burning.
712:
From time immemorial heather has been used for making
279:
soils in open sunny situations and in moderate shade.
1791:
681:, a mixture of flavourings used in the brewing of
1925:
942:A.R. Clapham; T. G. Tutin; E. F. Warburg (1981).
2916:
805:, where the plant grows widely. When poems like
337:at the base with a superior ovary, the fruit a
1773:A Tour in Scotland and Voyage to the Hebrides
412:was separated from the closely related genus
1147:
740:
475:
946:(3 ed.). Cambridge University Press.
932:, 3rd edition. Cambridge University Press.
472:each being in four parts instead of five.
42:
1902:
1051:
562:The following cultivars have gained the
14:
2917:
1929:The heather in lore, lyric and lay ...
701:(1769) that on the Scottish island of
2028:
2027:
1966:
1964:
987:Mahbubul, A.F. Jalal; David J. Read;
907:
776:and sprigs of it are often sold as a
27:Flowering plant in the heather family
2709:56c33a56-3c2e-4e6d-b719-3adac20c31ac
2271:dd28ac60-983e-41bd-822f-4d1c883598ce
1775:(1772), New Ed. (Birlinn Ltd, 1998)
944:Excursion Flora of the British Isles
919:
1090:
1068:
885:
522:
24:
1961:
1943:"rĂžsslyng i Store norske leksikon"
935:
910:British Shrubs and Their Histories
25:
2981:
1993:
1829:Translated as "noughty honey" by
1814:Garden Shrubs and Their Histories
1190:. The Royal Horticultural Society
966:Parnell, P. and Curtis, T. 2012.
822:Purple heather is one of the two
282:It is the dominant plant in most
2820:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327305-1
2011:
1999:
1795:Recipe book of Lady Ann Fanshawe
63:
2310:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:14653-1
1935:
1919:
1870:
1861:
1846:. Tree for Life. Archived from
1836:
1823:
1806:
1785:
1765:
1748:
1722:
1696:
1670:
1644:
1618:
1592:
1566:
1540:
1514:
1488:
1462:
1436:
1410:
1384:
1358:
1332:
1306:
1280:
1254:
1240:'Alicia' (Garden Girls Series)"
1228:
1202:
1176:
1164:from the original on 2016-09-07
1141:
1115:
422:, who devised the generic name
1019:
980:
960:
930:New Flora of the British Isles
901:
879:
677:, heather is an ingredient in
575:'Alicia' (Garden Girls series)
309:
13:
1:
1833:: noted in Coats (1964) 1992.
872:
801:Heather is seen as iconic of
796:
722:William Purvis (Blind Willie)
720:" a song probably written by
251:, is the sole species in the
1883:Journal of Ethnopharmacology
1078:. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1076:"Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull"
1013:10.1016/0031-9422(82)80150-7
546:
437:
364:
7:
2965:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1792:Fanshawe, Lady Ann (1651).
853:
846:of the Swedish province of
564:Royal Horticultural Society
531:in some areas, notably the
404:
10:
2986:
2960:Monotypic Ericaceae genera
1926:Alexander Wallace (1858).
1148:Simon Fowler (June 2001).
716:, a practice recorded in "
2369:
2036:
1895:10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.007
1844:"The Folklore of Heather"
1053:10.1016/j.cub.2019.08.037
745:, "unwholesome honey" by
420:Richard Anthony Salisbury
395:parasite of bumble bees,
213:
206:
60:Scientific classification
58:
50:
41:
34:
1762:) Br.J.Nutr. 27, 285â296
1760:Lagopus lagopus scoticus
970:. Cork University Press
908:Coats, Alice M. (1964).
888:"Ling â definition from"
476:Distribution and habitat
321:pairs, whereas those of
2935:Garden plants of Europe
1210:"Calluna Subcategories"
780:and worked into bridal
654:of the heather beetle (
637:
533:Tongariro National Park
515:. It is extremely cold-
460:is differentiated from
431:
290:in Europe, and in some
741:
709:(compiled from 1651).
294:vegetation and acidic
268:. It is a low-growing
2940:Garden plants of Asia
2925:Butterfly food plants
1682:'Velvet Fascination'"
968:Webb's An Irish Flora
568:Award of Garden Merit
551:There are many named
2008:at Wikimedia Commons
1184:"RHS - Find a plant"
890:. Biology-Online.org
807:Bonnie Auld Scotland
626:'Velvet Fascination'
1044:2019CBio...29E3494K
1005:1982PChem..21.1397J
886:Matveev, Vladimir.
833:Saxifraga cotyledon
726:Newcastle-upon-Tyne
1976:thenorwayguide.com
1867:Coats (1964) 1992.
830:, the other being
699:A Tour in Scotland
689:before the use of
657:Lochmaea suturalis
426:probably from the
370:Phenolic compounds
2912:
2911:
2743:Open Tree of Life
2279:Open Tree of Life
2030:Taxon identifiers
2004:Media related to
1758:) by red grouse (
1552:'Robert Chapman'"
1318:'County Wicklow'"
1038:(20): 3494â3500.
724:(1752â1832) from
718:Buy Broom Buzzems
707:Lady Ann Fanshawe
611:'Robert Chapman'
372:in the shoots of
349:sometimes sports
232:
231:
188:
16:(Redirected from
2977:
2905:
2904:
2892:
2891:
2879:
2878:
2869:
2868:
2859:
2858:
2849:
2848:
2836:
2835:
2823:
2822:
2810:
2809:
2797:
2796:
2784:
2783:
2774:
2773:
2771:Calluna vulgaris
2761:
2760:
2758:Calluna_vulgaris
2751:
2750:
2738:
2737:
2725:
2724:
2712:
2711:
2702:
2701:
2689:
2688:
2686:NBNSYS0000003902
2676:
2675:
2663:
2662:
2650:
2649:
2640:
2639:
2627:
2626:
2614:
2613:
2601:
2600:
2591:
2590:
2578:
2577:
2565:
2564:
2552:
2551:
2539:
2538:
2526:
2525:
2516:
2515:
2503:
2502:
2490:
2489:
2477:
2476:
2464:
2463:
2451:
2450:
2441:
2440:
2438:calluna-vulgaris
2428:
2427:
2415:
2414:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2401:Calluna vulgaris
2390:
2389:
2388:
2371:Calluna vulgaris
2362:
2361:
2349:
2348:
2336:
2335:
2326:
2325:
2313:
2312:
2300:
2299:
2287:
2286:
2274:
2273:
2264:
2263:
2251:
2250:
2248:NHMSYS0000456308
2238:
2237:
2225:
2224:
2212:
2211:
2199:
2198:
2186:
2185:
2173:
2172:
2160:
2159:
2147:
2146:
2134:
2133:
2121:
2120:
2108:
2107:
2095:
2094:
2082:
2081:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2057:
2056:
2055:
2025:
2024:
2016:Data related to
2015:
2006:Calluna vulgaris
2003:
1987:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1968:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1906:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1840:
1834:
1827:
1821:
1810:
1804:
1803:
1789:
1783:
1771:Thomas Pennant,
1769:
1763:
1756:Culluna vulgaris
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1732:Calluna vulgaris
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1708:'Wickwar Flame'"
1706:Calluna vulgaris
1700:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1680:Calluna vulgaris
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1654:Calluna vulgaris
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1628:Calluna vulgaris
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1602:Calluna vulgaris
1596:
1590:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1576:Calluna vulgaris
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1550:Calluna vulgaris
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1526:'Peter Sparkes'"
1524:Calluna vulgaris
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1498:Calluna vulgaris
1492:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1472:Calluna vulgaris
1466:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1446:Calluna vulgaris
1440:
1434:
1433:
1431:
1429:
1422:'Elsie Purnell'"
1420:Calluna vulgaris
1414:
1408:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1394:Calluna vulgaris
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1368:Calluna vulgaris
1362:
1356:
1355:
1353:
1351:
1342:Calluna vulgaris
1336:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1316:Calluna vulgaris
1310:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1299:
1290:Calluna vulgaris
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1264:Calluna vulgaris
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1238:Calluna vulgaris
1232:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1214:heatherworld.org
1206:
1200:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1125:Calluna vulgaris
1119:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1109:
1094:
1088:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1072:
1066:
1065:
1055:
1023:
1017:
1016:
999:(6): 1397â1401.
984:
978:
964:
958:
957:
939:
933:
923:
917:
916:
905:
899:
898:
896:
895:
883:
840:Calluna vulgaris
824:national flowers
817:Calluna vulgaris
791:Calluna vulgaris
744:
667:Saturnia pavonia
584:'County Wicklow'
523:Invasive species
513:Falkland Islands
481:Calluna vulgaris
440:
434:
389:Calluna vulgaris
378:chlorogenic acid
374:Calluna vulgaris
333:with sepal-like
236:Calluna vulgaris
219:
217:Calluna vulgaris
199:C. vulgaris
184:
68:
67:
53:Calluna vulgaris
46:
32:
31:
21:
18:Calluna vulgaris
2985:
2984:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2955:Flora of Russia
2950:Flora of Europe
2915:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2900:
2895:
2887:
2882:
2874:
2872:
2864:
2862:
2854:
2852:
2844:
2839:
2831:
2826:
2818:
2813:
2805:
2800:
2792:
2787:
2779:
2777:
2769:
2764:
2756:
2754:
2746:
2741:
2733:
2730:Observation.org
2728:
2720:
2715:
2707:
2705:
2697:
2692:
2684:
2679:
2671:
2666:
2658:
2653:
2645:
2644:MichiganFlora:
2643:
2635:
2630:
2622:
2617:
2609:
2604:
2596:
2594:
2586:
2581:
2573:
2568:
2560:
2555:
2547:
2542:
2534:
2529:
2521:
2519:
2511:
2506:
2498:
2493:
2485:
2480:
2472:
2467:
2459:
2454:
2446:
2444:
2436:
2431:
2423:
2418:
2410:
2408:
2399:
2398:
2393:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2365:
2357:
2352:
2344:
2339:
2331:
2329:
2321:
2316:
2308:
2303:
2295:
2290:
2282:
2277:
2269:
2267:
2259:
2254:
2246:
2241:
2233:
2228:
2220:
2215:
2207:
2202:
2194:
2189:
2181:
2176:
2168:
2163:
2155:
2150:
2142:
2137:
2129:
2124:
2116:
2111:
2103:
2098:
2090:
2085:
2077:
2075:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2051:
2050:
2045:
2032:
1996:
1991:
1990:
1981:
1979:
1970:
1969:
1962:
1952:
1950:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1924:
1920:
1875:
1871:
1866:
1862:
1853:
1851:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1828:
1824:
1811:
1807:
1790:
1786:
1770:
1766:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1713:
1711:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1661:
1659:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1635:
1633:
1630:'Spring Cream'"
1624:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1583:
1581:
1578:'Silver Queen'"
1572:
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1216:. Heather World
1208:
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1032:Current Biology
1024:
1020:
985:
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976:978-185918-4783
965:
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940:
936:
924:
920:
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902:
893:
891:
884:
880:
875:
860:Heath (habitat)
856:
844:province flower
799:
640:
635:
629:'Wickwar Flame'
608:'Peter Sparkes'
596:'Elsie Purnell'
549:
541:Heather beetles
525:
478:
445:. The specific
407:
398:Crithidia bombi
367:
312:
262:flowering plant
228:
221:
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62:
28:
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2889:wfo-0000580837
2880:
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2346:wfo-4000006126
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2314:
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2033:
2022:
2021:
2020:at Wikispecies
2009:
1995:
1994:External links
1992:
1989:
1988:
1960:
1949:(in Norwegian)
1934:
1918:
1869:
1860:
1835:
1831:William Turner
1822:
1805:
1784:
1764:
1747:
1734:'White Coral'"
1721:
1695:
1669:
1643:
1617:
1604:'Sister Anne'"
1591:
1565:
1539:
1513:
1500:'Kinlochruel'"
1487:
1461:
1435:
1409:
1383:
1357:
1344:'Dark Beauty'"
1331:
1305:
1292:'Beoley Gold'"
1279:
1253:
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1175:
1140:
1114:
1089:
1067:
1018:
993:Phytochemistry
979:
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795:
774:Queen Victoria
772:to England by
695:Thomas Pennant
639:
636:
634:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
620:'Spring Cream'
618:
615:
614:'Silver Queen'
612:
609:
606:
605:'Kinlochruel'
603:
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579:
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456:for 'common'.
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351:double flowers
311:
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1896:
1892:
1889:(3): 750â71.
1888:
1884:
1880:
1873:
1864:
1850:on 2008-04-25
1849:
1845:
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1832:
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1819:
1816:(1964) 1992,
1815:
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1781:1-874744-88-2
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1104:on 2017-01-05
1103:
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953:0-521-23290-2
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848:VÀstergötland
845:
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688:
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680:
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671:
669:
668:
663:
659:
658:
653:
649:
645:
644:Willow grouse
632:'White Coral'
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
617:'Sister Anne'
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
587:'Dark Beauty'
586:
583:
581:'Beoley Gold'
580:
577:
574:
573:
571:
569:
565:
560:
556:
554:
544:
542:
538:
537:Mount Ruapehu
534:
530:
529:invasive weed
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
501:North America
498:
494:
493:Faroe Islands
490:
486:
483:is native to
482:
473:
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467:
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459:
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451:
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428:Ancient Greek
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208:Binomial name
205:
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90:Tracheophytes
88:
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78:
75:
72:
71:
66:
61:
57:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
2945:Groundcovers
2370:
2037:
1980:. Retrieved
1978:. 2022-09-27
1975:
1951:. Retrieved
1946:
1937:
1928:
1921:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1863:
1852:. Retrieved
1848:the original
1838:
1825:
1817:
1813:
1808:
1794:
1787:
1772:
1767:
1759:
1755:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1731:
1724:
1712:. Retrieved
1705:
1698:
1686:. Retrieved
1679:
1672:
1660:. Retrieved
1653:
1646:
1634:. Retrieved
1627:
1620:
1608:. Retrieved
1601:
1594:
1582:. Retrieved
1575:
1568:
1556:. Retrieved
1549:
1542:
1530:. Retrieved
1523:
1516:
1504:. Retrieved
1497:
1490:
1478:. Retrieved
1471:
1464:
1452:. Retrieved
1445:
1438:
1426:. Retrieved
1419:
1412:
1400:. Retrieved
1393:
1386:
1374:. Retrieved
1370:'Dark Star'"
1367:
1360:
1348:. Retrieved
1341:
1334:
1322:. Retrieved
1315:
1308:
1296:. Retrieved
1289:
1282:
1270:. Retrieved
1266:'Annemarie'"
1263:
1256:
1244:. Retrieved
1237:
1230:
1218:. Retrieved
1213:
1204:
1192:. Retrieved
1187:
1178:
1166:. Retrieved
1153:
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1124:
1117:
1106:. Retrieved
1102:the original
1092:
1080:. Retrieved
1070:
1035:
1031:
1021:
996:
992:
982:
967:
962:
943:
937:
929:
921:
913:
909:
903:
892:. Retrieved
881:
864:
839:
838:
831:
821:
816:
811:
806:
800:
790:
789:
786:
767:
742:mel improbum
730:
711:
698:
683:heather-beer
672:
665:
655:
641:
578:'Annemarie'
561:
557:
550:
526:
480:
479:
461:
457:
449:
423:
413:
409:
408:
396:
388:
382:
373:
368:
358:
354:
346:
342:
322:
314:
313:
304:grouse moors
281:
256:
255:
248:
247:, or simply
244:
240:
235:
234:
233:
216:
214:
198:
197:
179:
178:
122:
109:
96:
83:
52:
35:
29:
2794:kew-2692970
2668:NatureServe
2583:iNaturalist
2395:Wikispecies
2191:iNaturalist
2062:Wikispecies
1396:'Darkness'"
1154:PEST CABWeb
926:Clive Stace
751:thixotropic
747:Dioscurides
728:, England.
687:Middle Ages
685:during the
662:Lepidoptera
593:'Darkness'
590:'Dark Star'
509:New Zealand
393:trypanosome
310:Description
155:Subfamily:
103:Angiosperms
2930:Ericoideae
2919:Categories
2873:WisFlora:
2789:Plant List
1982:2022-09-28
1854:2013-04-08
1820:"Calluna".
1474:'Kerstin'"
1448:'Firefly'"
1188:rhs.org.uk
1108:2016-02-28
894:2010-01-27
873:References
797:In culture
763:comb honey
759:extraction
753:, being a
648:red grouse
602:'Kerstin'
495:, and the
159:Ericoideae
51:Flowering
2970:Subshrubs
2536:220002166
989:E. Haslam
928:, (2010)
812:Kidnapped
697:wrote in
599:'Firefly'
553:cultivars
547:Cultivars
505:Australia
365:Chemistry
341:. Unlike
319:decussate
284:heathland
270:evergreen
266:Ericaceae
193:Species:
149:Ericaceae
73:Kingdom:
2863:VASCAN:
2846:12300012
2841:Tropicos
2755:PalDat:
2673:2.150845
2624:10206724
2611:327304-1
2445:BioLib:
2380:Wikidata
2330:VASCAN:
2323:40035302
2318:Tropicos
2053:Q6983007
2047:Wikidata
1913:23770053
1714:12 April
1688:12 April
1662:12 April
1636:12 April
1610:12 April
1584:12 April
1558:12 April
1532:12 April
1506:12 April
1480:12 April
1454:12 April
1428:12 April
1402:12 April
1376:12 April
1350:12 April
1324:12 April
1298:12 April
1272:12 April
1246:12 April
1162:Archived
1133:12 April
1082:15 March
1062:31607528
854:See also
803:Scotland
782:bouquets
770:Balmoral
737:beehives
731:Heather
511:and the
450:vulgaris
405:Taxonomy
376:include
288:moorland
145:Family:
139:Ericales
129:Asterids
116:Eudicots
2856:4946305
2655:MoBotPF
2549:2882482
2469:Ecocrop
2222:1324919
2209:14653-1
2170:2882481
2068:Calluna
2038:Calluna
2018:Calluna
1904:3791396
1740:8 March
1220:8 March
1194:8 March
1168:18 July
1040:Bibcode
1001:Bibcode
842:is the
489:Iceland
466:corolla
464:by its
458:Calluna
447:epithet
438:ÎșαλλÏÎœÏ
432:Kallyno
424:Calluna
410:Calluna
355:Calluna
347:Calluna
339:capsule
331:racemes
315:Calluna
264:family
260:in the
257:Calluna
249:heather
186:Salisb.
180:Calluna
175:Genus:
169:Ericeae
165:Tribe:
135:Order:
77:Plantae
36:Calluna
2902:993794
2853:uBio:
2802:PLANTS
2748:519874
2706:NZOR:
2660:279934
2588:119450
2523:calvul
2520:FEIS:
2513:169587
2487:583611
2433:ARKive
2412:142859
2409:APDB:
2386:Q26615
2359:993792
2292:PLANTS
2284:920905
2268:NZOR:
2196:119451
2157:105158
2144:105158
2079:188999
2076:APDB:
1953:27 May
1947:snl.no
1911:
1901:
1779:
1656:'Tib'"
1060:
974:
950:
828:Norway
714:besoms
623:'Tib'
497:Azores
491:, the
485:Europe
443:besoms
385:nectar
335:bracts
277:acidic
227:) Hull
2897:WoRMS
2778:PFI:
2717:NZPCN
2699:13385
2637:23634
2619:IRMNG
2598:11690
2595:IPA:
2508:EUNIS
2500:CUNVU
2448:38966
2425:98649
2354:WoRMS
2297:CALLU
2261:13384
2235:23633
2217:IRMNG
2131:1CUNG
2118:71277
2092:98641
1736:. RHS
1710:. RHS
1684:. RHS
1658:. RHS
1632:. RHS
1606:. RHS
1580:. RHS
1554:. RHS
1528:. RHS
1502:. RHS
1476:. RHS
1450:. RHS
1424:. RHS
1398:. RHS
1372:. RHS
1346:. RHS
1320:. RHS
1294:. RHS
1268:. RHS
1242:. RHS
1129:. RHS
866:Erica
778:charm
755:jelly
733:honey
703:Islay
679:gruit
652:larva
517:hardy
470:calyx
462:Erica
454:Latin
415:Erica
359:Erica
343:Erica
327:mauve
323:Erica
273:shrub
253:genus
123:Clade
110:Clade
97:Clade
84:Clade
2876:8118
2866:5496
2833:2712
2815:POWO
2807:CAVU
2781:3725
2766:PfaF
2735:6509
2722:3606
2694:NCBI
2647:1209
2632:ITIS
2606:IPNI
2575:8605
2570:GRIN
2562:1623
2557:GISD
2544:GBIF
2495:EPPO
2474:4061
2461:PWBL
2420:APNI
2305:POWO
2256:NCBI
2230:ITIS
2204:IPNI
2183:1907
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