741:, negotiated very favorable terms of surrender to the Byzantine emperor. All local lords who surrendered were transferred either to Constantinople or to Anatolia and most of them were later assimilated into the Byzantine society. Bulgaria lost its independence and remained subject to Byzantium for more than a century and a half, until 1185. Its western part was transformed into one of the many Byzantine provinces, which was ruled by a governor appointed by the Emperor. With the collapse of the first Bulgarian state, the Bulgarian church fell under the domination of Greek ecclesiastics who took control of the see of Ohrid and attempted to replace the Bulgarian Slavic liturgy with a Greek liturgy.
781:
1016:
37:
955:
768:
between the two countries quickly deteriorated. With no means to counter the Magyar threat, Peter I had to conclude an agreement with them in 965 according to which the
Bulgarians had to give the Magyars free conduct through their lands to the Byzantine Empire and refuse any assistance to the Byzantine Emperor. The Byzantines responded in the spring of the following year and refused to pay the annual tribute to Bulgaria. Their emperor
777:
the peace on condition that the
Bulgarians would cancel their agreement with the Magyars which was refused by Peter I who reminded the Byzantine emperor that when Bulgaria needed help against the Magyars the Byzantines did not react and now that it had been forced to make peace with them it would be folly to break the treaty.
776:
to the east insulted the
Bulgarian ambassadors and launched a campaign but upon approaching the Bulgarian border he decided "not to lead his troops in those dangerous places and to give them to the Bulgarians to slaughter them as cattle." Soon after that military demonstration Phokas tried to restore
1053:
Once opposition had ceased Basil showed considerable statesmanship in his dealings with the
Bulgarians. He wisely accepted Bulgarian taxes in kind rather than in coinage, as a full monetary economy was not established in Bulgaria. Many of the Bulgarian elite were integrated into Byzantine society,
1049:
was a disaster for the
Bulgarians: the Byzantine army captured 15,000 prisoners. Roman histories go on to claim that for every 100 captured Bulgarians, 99 were fully blinded, the odd one out only blinded in one eye in order to guide the rest back to their homes. The Bulgarians continued to resist
720:
By the end of the millennium, the fortunes of war turned into
Byzantine favour. The Byzantines under Basil II, a successful general and experienced soldier, slowly gained the upper hand and from 1001, started to seize a number of important areas and towns. The Bulgarians were unable to stop the
837:
where Boris II was captured along with his whole family. He was treated well and John
Tzimiskes pretended to have come to liberate the Bulgarians from the Rus'. However, when Sviatoslav was finally defeated, Boris II was taken to Constantinople where he had to abdicate. He had to surrender the
767:
started raiding the
Bulgarian lands from 934 and Peter I's efforts to cope with them remained futile. On several occasions the Magyars reached Byzantine Thrace and looted it which was followed by Byzantine accusations that the Bulgarians were doing that on purpose and as a result the relations
1044:
By 1000, Basil had fought off his own nobility and defeated the
Islamic threat from the east, and so led another invasion of Bulgaria. This time instead of marching into the middle of the country, he annexed it bit by bit. Eventually, after denying Bulgaria of about a third of its land, the
689:
ruled in the free territories and in 976, launched a major offensive against the
Byzantines to regain the lost lands. Soon, the youngest brother, Samuel, took complete authority following the deaths of his three eldest brothers.
804:
the Bulgarian army and seized more than 80 fortresses which caused concern among the Byzantines who once again offered peace to Peter I but in the meantime Sviatoslav had to stop his campaign and return to his capital
669:
announced the annexation of Bulgaria, even though the Eastern Roman Empire only controlled Eastern Bulgaria at the time, and the lands to the west remained under Bulgarian control. The four brothers
262:
1619:История на българската държава през средните векове. Том I. История на Първото българско царство, Част II. От славянизацията на държавата до падането на Първото царство (852–1018)
857:
seemed to have come true. The annexation of Bulgaria was officially proclaimed, the political heart of the country in north-eastern Bulgaria along with Preslav, the old capital
289:
1037:
and laid siege to it. Basil began to worry about the wavering loyalty of his nobility and marched his army back towards Byzantine Thrace but was ambushed and defeated at the
1624:
History of Bulgaria in the Middle Ages. Vol. 1. History of the First Bulgarian Empire, Part 2.From the Slavicization of the state to the fall of the First Empire (852–1018)
853:
For John Tzimiskes that was a great triumph. The three-century old Byzantine dream to eliminate the Bulgarian state and restore the imperial borders along the
255:
374:
1749:
248:
1647:
976:
657:
caught the Eastern Roman Empire off-guard but they managed to pull back the Kievan armies and occupied eastern Bulgaria including the capital
1699:
1694:
1120:
646:
brothers, who – based in the unconquered western regions of the Bulgarian Empire – led it until its fall under Byzantine rule in 1018.
404:
390:
41:
The Byzantines defeat the Bulgarians at Kleidion and Tsar Samuel becomes unconscious at the sight of his blinded army. Scene from the
635:
1744:
1739:
1054:
being given military or civil positions within the Byzantine state. This integration is illustrated by the last Bulgarian tsar
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1704:
1561:
1416:
1374:
788:
In that situation Nikephoros II Phokas turned to the usual means of Byzantine diplomacy and decided to pay the Kievan prince
144:
1186:
1164:
750:
639:
434:
1709:
649:
As the Byzantine-Bulgarian relations deteriorated by the end of the 960s, the Eastern Roman Empire paid the Kievan prince
1484:
821:
who had little choice but to cooperate with Sviatoslav, whose attention had by that time been diverted by Kalokyros to
1689:
1684:
1607:
1588:
1532:
1461:
1439:
1397:
1353:
1085:
1002:
534:
1097:
984:
1754:
1142:
877:
While the eastern parts of the empire were conquered and turned into a Byzantine province the lands to the west of
630:
led to the gradual reconquest of Bulgaria by the Byzantines, who thus re-established their control over the entire
1041:. Basil learned from his mistake and his next invasion of Bulgaria would be conducted in a very different manner.
1679:
1674:
1648:"The Size of Bulgaria's Medieval Field Armies: A Case Study of Military Mobilization Capacity in the Middle Ages"
1430:
1196:
1174:
1152:
1130:
1108:
980:
738:
425:
1208:
1038:
698:
563:
529:
490:
480:
460:
364:
152:
830:
515:
465:
441:
272:
583:
1321:
1055:
734:
730:
726:
693:
Samuel proved to be a successful general inflicting a major defeat on the Byzantine army, commanded by
176:
172:
1580:
1383:
862:
359:
314:
309:
304:
299:
965:
725:
and Samuel died a few weeks later. Tsar Samuel's reign was followed by the short reigns of his son
522:
410:
396:
28:
721:
annual Byzantine campaigns which devastated the country. In 1014, the Byzantines won the decisive
701:
and retaking north-eastern Bulgaria. His successful campaigns expanded the Bulgarian borders into
1774:
1764:
969:
546:
505:
213:
1553:
Krieg und Kriegführung in Byzanz: die Kriege Kaiser Basileios' II. gegen die Bulgaren (976–1019)
796:
to whom the mission was entrusted was successful and the spring of 968 the Rus' armies invaded
623:
339:
121:
89:
1769:
1506:
713:. In 997, Samuel was proclaimed Emperor of Bulgaria after the death of the legitimate ruler,
578:
573:
850:
was castrated because the Byzantines needed to assure that the Krum dynasty would die away.
838:
imperial insignia – the golden crown and the red boots – which were placed in the cathedral
653:
to attack Bulgaria. The unexpected collapse of Bulgaria and Sviatoslav's ambitions to seize
789:
769:
764:
662:
650:
603:
470:
415:
381:
354:
229:
8:
843:
756:
446:
369:
324:
319:
1389:
The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelfth Century
1046:
922:
882:
801:
722:
686:
682:
588:
500:
495:
225:
209:
164:
43:
665:
was captured and taken to Constantinople where he abdicated and the Byzantine Emperor
1714:
1627:
1603:
1584:
1557:
1528:
1510:
1480:
1470:
1457:
1435:
1425:
1412:
1393:
1370:
1349:
1318:
1192:
1170:
1148:
1126:
1104:
1081:
1021:
847:
817:, abdicated and died on 30 January 970 as a monk. He was succeeded by his eldest son
714:
674:
670:
598:
558:
539:
349:
168:
1317:
There is only one note that in 973 the Bulgarians sent envoys to the emperor of the
941:. Information for the period between 971 and 976 in primary sources is very scarce.
829:(969–976) scored a decisive victory over the Rus' and their Bulgarian allies in the
1570:
1059:
814:
678:
666:
631:
627:
593:
568:
510:
475:
344:
217:
201:
192:
180:
135:
104:
68:
1574:
1551:
1522:
1494:
1474:
1387:
1364:
553:
485:
420:
294:
233:
1524:
Byzantium's Balkan Frontier: A Political Study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204
1078:
Byzantium's Balkan frontier: a political study of the Northern Balkans, 900–1204
1449:
826:
822:
780:
654:
188:
139:
125:
1617:
1543:
Temporary Byzantine Military Administration in the Bulgarian Lands 971–987/989
1668:
1015:
938:
914:
910:
878:
1631:
1759:
918:
839:
240:
1514:
638:. The struggle began with the incorporation of eastern Bulgaria after the
813:. In 969 he returned to Bulgaria and soon after that Peter I suffered an
36:
643:
1191:, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Vasilʹev, Univ. of Wisconsin Press, 1958,
810:
793:
130:
954:
1030:
902:
894:
866:
818:
702:
694:
205:
930:
906:
886:
834:
797:
760:
658:
1502:
909:
to the east. These territories were ruled by the four brothers
890:
858:
854:
710:
706:
148:
103:
Byzantium re-establishes control over Bulgaria and much of the
1029:
In 986, after securing his own position in Byzantium, emperor
1034:
1033:
gathered a 30,000-man army, marched on the Bulgarian city of
934:
773:
196:
1050:
until 1018, when they finally submitted to Basil II's rule.
881:
river remained under Bulgarian control and included most of
898:
806:
331:
1103:, Barbara H. Rosenwein, University of Toronto Press, 2009
1169:, Jean W. Sedlar, University of Washington Press, 1994,
1045:
Bulgarians risked everything in one battle in 1014. The
1080:, Paul Stephenson, Cambridge University Press, 2000,
772:(963–969) who had achieved decisive victories over the
1476:
The Byzantine Commonwealth: Eastern Europe, 500–1453
1343:
1125:, Timothy E. Gregory, John Wiley & Sons, 2011,
1147:, Florin Curta, Cambridge University Press, 2006,
872:
1166:East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500
763:who had been temporarily contained by his father
16:Invasion of the First Bulgarian Empire (968–1018)
1666:
1434:. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.
1409:Basil II and the Governance of Empire (976–1025)
1366:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250
1144:Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250
1019:Territory of former Western Bulgaria ca 1045 as
833:and on 5 April 971 seized the Bulgarian capital
784:Territory of Byzantium and Bulgaria around 1000
622:until 1018, a series of conflicts between the
709:and in 998, he conquered the principality of
256:
1576:A History of the Byzantine State and Society
270:
1392:. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
1058:being an ancestor of the Byzantine emperor
983:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1520:
755:During the reign of the Bulgarian emperor
263:
249:
35:
1750:Wars involving the First Bulgarian Empire
1615:
1569:
1469:
1448:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1188:History of the Byzantine Empire, 324–1453
1003:Learn how and when to remove this message
1645:
1549:
1493:
1218:
1216:
1014:
779:
1597:
1499:A History of the First Bulgarian Empire
1424:
1344:Andreev, Jordan; Milcho Lalkov (1996).
1326:History and civilization for 11th grade
1209:Britannica: The first Bulgarian empire.
901:) to the west and the mountains around
1667:
1406:
1234:
642:. Bulgarian resistance was led by the
1540:
1362:
1330:Decline of the First Bulgarian Empire
1213:
244:
1700:11th century in the Byzantine Empire
1695:10th century in the Byzantine Empire
1382:
981:adding citations to reliable sources
948:
13:
1639:
1602:, University of California Press,
1545:, Yearbook of the Sofia University
1431:The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium
1099:A short history of the Middle Ages
889:and the lands to the south of the
842:. In return he received the title
14:
1786:
1646:Stoyanov, Aleksandr (July 2019).
1600:The Making of Byzantium, 600–1025
751:Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria
435:Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria
1626:]. Sofia: Nauka i izkustvo.
953:
636:the 7th-century Slavic invasions
107:, Pechenegs settle in Wallachia.
1550:Strässle, Paul Meinrad (2006),
1311:
1302:
1293:
1290:Stoimenov, pp. 40, 46–47, 49–53
1284:
1275:
1266:
1257:
1248:
873:Rise of the Cometopuli brothers
1527:, Cambridge University Press,
1369:, Cambridge University Press,
1225:
1202:
1180:
1158:
1136:
1114:
1091:
1071:
792:to attack Bulgaria. The noble
454:Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria
22:Byzantine conquest of Bulgaria
1:
1745:1010s in the Byzantine Empire
1740:1000s in the Byzantine Empire
1346:The Bulgarian Khans and Tsars
1039:Battle of the Gates of Trajan
744:
640:Russo-Byzantine War (970–971)
616:
1735:990s in the Byzantine Empire
1730:980s in the Byzantine Empire
1725:970s in the Byzantine Empire
1720:960s in the Byzantine Empire
1556:(in German), Böhlau Verlag,
1324:; see Delev and collective,
831:battle of Arcadiopolis (970)
825:. The new Byzantine emperor
7:
1652:Journal of Military History
1411:, Oxford University Press,
944:
10:
1791:
1616:Zlatarski, Vasil (1971) .
1454:Byzantium in the Year 1000
1407:Holmes, Catherine (2005),
1337:
809:which was besieged by the
748:
1581:Stanford University Press
1521:Stephenson, Paul (2000),
634:for the first time since
282:
158:
115:
51:
34:
26:
21:
1705:Byzantine–Bulgarian Wars
1690:11th century in Bulgaria
1685:10th century in Bulgaria
1579:. Stanford, California:
1348:(in Bulgarian). Abagar.
1065:
925:, sons of the governor (
523:Uprising of Peter Delyan
274:Byzantine–Bulgarian wars
29:Byzantine-Bulgarian wars
1755:Wars involving Bulgaria
1231:Threadgold, pp. 499–501
547:Second Bulgarian Empire
214:Theophylact Botaneiates
1680:11th-century conflicts
1675:10th-century conflicts
1598:Whittow, Mark (1996),
1507:George Bell & Sons
1363:Curta, Florin (2006),
1122:A history of Byzantium
1026:
863:Bulgarian Patriarchate
785:
159:Commanders and leaders
149:Principality of Duklja
90:First Bulgarian Empire
1018:
783:
1479:. London: Cardinal.
1384:Fine, John V. A. Jr.
1263:Andreev, pp. 116–117
977:improve this section
861:and the seat of the
770:Nikephoros II Phokas
230:Constantine Diogenes
1710:Rus'–Byzantine wars
88:Dissolution of the
1471:Obolensky, Dimitri
1426:Kazhdan, Alexander
1047:Battle of Kleidion
1027:
786:
723:Battle of Kleidion
687:Cometopuli dynasty
589:Uprising of Ivaylo
426:3rd Constantinople
365:2nd Constantinople
290:1st Constantinople
226:Nikephoros Xiphias
210:Nikephoros Ouranos
153:Kingdom of Croatia
145:Kingdom of Hungary
44:Manasses Chronicle
1571:Treadgold, Warren
1563:978-3-412-17405-7
1418:978-0-19-927968-5
1376:978-0-521-81539-0
1319:Holy Roman Empire
1299:Zlatarski, p. 603
1013:
1012:
1005:
897:river (including
869:) were occupied.
612:
611:
239:
238:
111:
110:
82:Byzantine victory
1782:
1659:
1635:
1612:
1594:
1566:
1546:
1537:
1517:
1495:Runciman, Steven
1490:
1466:
1445:
1421:
1403:
1379:
1359:
1332:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1300:
1297:
1291:
1288:
1282:
1279:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1232:
1229:
1223:
1220:
1211:
1206:
1200:
1184:
1178:
1162:
1156:
1140:
1134:
1118:
1112:
1095:
1089:
1075:
1060:John II Komnenos
1008:
1001:
997:
994:
988:
957:
949:
815:epileptic stroke
667:John I Tzimiskes
661:in 971. Emperor
632:Balkan peninsula
628:Byzantine Empire
624:Bulgarian Empire
621:
618:
564:2nd Arcadiopolis
535:5th Thessalonica
530:4th Thessalonica
491:3rd Thessalonica
481:2nd Thessalonica
466:1st Thessalonica
442:1st Arcadiopolis
277:
275:
265:
258:
251:
242:
241:
222:
202:John I Tzimiskes
185:
136:Byzantine Empire
122:Bulgarian Empire
105:Balkan Peninsula
69:Balkan Peninsula
53:
52:
39:
19:
18:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1665:
1664:
1642:
1640:Further reading
1610:
1591:
1564:
1541:Stoimenov, D.,
1535:
1487:
1464:
1450:Magdalino, Paul
1442:
1419:
1400:
1377:
1356:
1340:
1335:
1316:
1312:
1308:Andreev, p. 121
1307:
1303:
1298:
1294:
1289:
1285:
1281:Andreev, p. 119
1280:
1276:
1272:Andreev, p. 117
1271:
1267:
1262:
1258:
1254:Andreev, p. 112
1253:
1249:
1245:Andreev, p. 111
1244:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1222:Andreev, p. 110
1221:
1214:
1207:
1203:
1185:
1181:
1163:
1159:
1141:
1137:
1119:
1115:
1101:, G – Reference
1096:
1092:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1009:
998:
992:
989:
974:
958:
947:
875:
759:(927–969), the
753:
747:
729:and his nephew
699:Gates of Trajan
619:
613:
608:
278:
273:
271:
269:
234:David Arianites
228:
224:
218:
212:
208:
204:
195:
191:
187:
181:
175:
171:
167:
151:
147:
143:
138:
129:
124:
99:
85:
71:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1788:
1778:
1777:
1775:968 beginnings
1772:
1767:
1765:1018 in Europe
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1661:
1660:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1613:
1608:
1595:
1589:
1567:
1562:
1547:
1538:
1533:
1518:
1491:
1486:978-0351176449
1485:
1467:
1462:
1452:, ed. (2002),
1446:
1440:
1428:, ed. (1991).
1422:
1417:
1404:
1398:
1380:
1375:
1360:
1354:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1310:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1274:
1265:
1256:
1247:
1233:
1224:
1212:
1201:
1179:
1157:
1155:, pp. 246–247.
1135:
1113:
1090:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1056:Ivan Vladislav
1011:
1010:
961:
959:
952:
946:
943:
874:
871:
846:. His brother
827:John Tzimiskes
823:Constantinople
749:Main article:
746:
743:
735:Ivan Vladislav
731:Ivan Vladislav
727:Gavril Radomir
655:Constantinople
610:
609:
607:
606:
601:
596:
591:
586:
584:2nd Adrianople
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
543:
542:
537:
532:
519:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
461:Trajan's Gates
450:
449:
444:
431:
430:
429:
428:
423:
418:
413:
405:War of 913–927
401:
400:
399:
397:Boulgarophygon
391:War of 894–896
378:
377:
372:
367:
362:
360:1st Adrianople
357:
352:
347:
342:
328:
327:
322:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
283:
280:
279:
268:
267:
260:
253:
245:
237:
236:
199:
189:Jovan Vladimir
177:Ivan Vladislav
173:Gavril Radomir
161:
160:
156:
155:
133:
118:
117:
113:
112:
109:
108:
101:
95:
94:
93:
92:
84:
83:
79:
77:
73:
72:
67:
65:
61:
60:
57:
49:
48:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1787:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
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1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1663:
1658:(3): 719–746.
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1643:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1620:
1614:
1611:
1609:0-520-20496-4
1605:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1590:0-8047-2630-2
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1534:0-521-77017-3
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1086:0-521-77017-3
1083:
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1024:
1023:
1017:
1007:
1004:
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986:
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978:
972:
971:
967:
962:This section
960:
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951:
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928:
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904:
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851:
849:
845:
841:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
803:
800:. Sviatoslav
799:
795:
791:
782:
778:
775:
771:
766:
762:
758:
752:
742:
740:
736:
732:
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724:
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684:
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341:
338:
337:
336:
335:
333:
326:
325:2nd Marcellae
323:
321:
318:
316:
315:2nd Anchialus
313:
311:
308:
306:
305:1st Marcellae
303:
301:
300:1st Anchialus
298:
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46:
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38:
33:
30:
25:
20:
1770:1018 endings
1662:
1655:
1651:
1623:
1618:
1599:
1575:
1552:
1542:
1523:
1498:
1475:
1453:
1429:
1408:
1388:
1365:
1345:
1329:
1325:
1313:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1277:
1268:
1259:
1250:
1227:
1204:
1187:
1182:
1165:
1160:
1143:
1138:
1121:
1116:
1098:
1093:
1088:, pp. 58–66.
1077:
1073:
1052:
1043:
1028:
1020:
999:
990:
975:Please help
963:
927:komita/comes
926:
893:between the
876:
852:
840:Hagia Sophia
787:
754:
719:
692:
648:
614:
545:
544:
521:
520:
453:
452:
451:
433:
432:
403:
389:
384:'s campaigns
380:
379:
334:'s campaigns
330:
329:
284:
219:
182:
116:Belligerents
42:
27:Part of the
993:August 2014
733:. In 1018,
579:Klokotnitsa
516:Dyrrhachium
310:Rishki Pass
140:Kievan Rus'
126:Kievan Rus'
98:Territorial
1669:Categories
1197:0299809250
1175:0295972904
1153:0521815398
1131:1444359975
1109:1442601043
790:Sviatoslav
745:Background
737:'s widow,
651:Sviatoslav
644:Cometopuli
620: 970
604:Rusokastro
471:Spercheios
447:Dorostolon
416:Katasyrtai
355:Versinikia
285:Early wars
1473:(1974) .
1456:, Brill,
1386:(1991) .
1199:, p. 320.
1177:, p. 364.
1133:, p. 322.
1111:, p. 143.
964:does not
883:Macedonia
865:Drastar (
811:Pechenegs
794:Kalokyros
501:Strumitsa
370:Mesembria
320:Litosoria
142:(968–969)
131:Pechenegs
128:(970–971)
1715:Basil II
1632:67080314
1573:(1997).
1497:(1930),
1031:Basil II
945:Basil II
903:Etropole
895:Kolubara
867:Silistra
844:magister
819:Boris II
802:defeated
765:Simeon I
703:Thessaly
695:Basil II
663:Boris II
626:and the
496:Kleidion
411:Achelous
382:Simeon I
375:Burdizon
350:Debeltos
206:Basil II
64:Location
59:968–1018
1338:Sources
985:removed
970:sources
931:Serdica
907:Ihtiman
887:Albania
835:Preslav
798:Dobruja
761:Magyars
757:Peter I
697:at the
685:of the
659:Preslav
599:Skafida
559:Tryavna
540:Ostrovo
340:Serdica
220:†
183:†
100:changes
1630:
1606:
1587:
1560:
1531:
1515:832687
1513:
1503:London
1483:
1460:
1438:
1415:
1396:
1373:
1352:
1322:Otto I
1195:
1173:
1151:
1129:
1107:
1084:
939:Nikola
923:Samuel
891:Danube
859:Pliska
855:Danube
711:Duklja
707:Epirus
683:Samuel
681:, and
594:Devina
569:Serres
554:Lovech
511:Setina
506:Bitola
476:Skopje
345:Pliska
216:
193:Krakra
179:
165:Samuel
76:Result
1622:[
1066:Notes
1035:Sofia
1022:theme
935:Sofia
929:) of
915:Moses
911:David
879:Iskar
848:Roman
774:Arabs
739:Maria
715:Roman
675:Moses
671:David
615:From
574:Varna
486:Kreta
421:Pegae
295:Ongal
197:Ivats
169:Roman
1628:OCLC
1604:ISBN
1585:ISBN
1558:ISBN
1529:ISBN
1511:OCLC
1481:ISBN
1458:ISBN
1436:ISBN
1413:ISBN
1394:ISBN
1371:ISBN
1350:ISBN
1193:ISBN
1171:ISBN
1149:ISBN
1127:ISBN
1105:ISBN
1082:ISBN
968:any
966:cite
921:and
919:Aron
905:and
899:Srem
807:Kiev
705:and
679:Aron
332:Krum
232:.
56:Date
1760:968
979:by
1671::
1656:83
1654:.
1650:.
1583:.
1509:,
1505::
1501:,
1236:^
1215:^
1062:.
937:)
917:,
913:,
885:,
717:.
677:,
673:,
617:c.
1634:.
1593:.
1489:.
1444:.
1402:.
1358:.
1025:.
1006:)
1000:(
995:)
991:(
987:.
973:.
933:(
264:e
257:t
250:v
47:.
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