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College of Arms in London is a private corporation operating under the jurisdiction/authority of the Crown of
England and forming part of the Royal Household. The Canadian Heraldic Authority, financed by the Canadian Government, operates under the direct supervision of the King of Canada via the Office of the King's representative, the Governor General. The Lord Lyon of Scotland has direct control of the assignation of Arms in Scotland.
186:. In layman's language this means that the shield is blue, it displays three smaller golden shields, and across the top is a gold horizontal strip displaying the red lion that formed the crest of the old South African national coat of arms. The Bureau arms are depicted on the seal on each registration certificate and, in the 1960s and early 1970s, they were depicted in full colour at the head of the certificate too.
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In the 1970s, the Bureau registered between 60 and 90 arms and badges per year. The number increased sharply in the mid-1980s, reaching a peak of 148 in the 1987–88 reporting year. It declined in the early 1990s, and returned to 1970s levels. (These figures do not include the registrations of defence
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as he pleases, as long as he does not infringe on the rights of others (i.e. the arms are not too similar to arms already in use by someone else) and the proposed arms conform to basic heraldic principles. The State Herald approves of and registers arms under the authority given by the
Heraldry Act.
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Originally, applications had to be approved by the
Heraldry Council before the Bureau could register them, but the power of approval was delegated to the State Herald in 1969, though he can still refer applications to the council (or, since 1980, its Heraldry Committee) when necessary. In 1980, the
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In addition to registering coats of arms, badges, and other heraldic representations, the Bureau keeps records of names, uniforms, and badges (which include some corporate arms) previously registered by the
Department of the Interior (1935–1959) and the Department of Education, Arts & Sciences
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This process is in substance no different from that used by the
Republic of Ireland wherein the authority of the Chief Herald of Ireland is vested in the Irish government through the National Library of Ireland. The Chief Herald of Ireland is an employee of the National Library of Ireland. The
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on 1 June 1963. It is headed by a State Herald (known unofficially as the
National Herald since 2004) and its functions are to register arms, badges, flags and seals (as well as names and uniforms), to keep a public register, to issue registration certificates and, since 1980, to advise the
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National Herald was authorised to delete arms from the register, either on an applicant's request or, in the case of official, municipal or corporate arms, if the organisation concerned no longer exists. Appeals against the
National Herald's decisions can be made to the
153:(1959–1963). Anyone, regardless of nationality or place of residence, may register arms with the Bureau. Since 1980, it has also been authorised to register the arms of official bodies in foreign countries.
176:. Blazons (but not illustrations) of arms registered at the Bureau and its predecessors up to the end of the year 2000 are available online through the National Archives website.
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The Bureau has a small staff complement: the
National Herald, the Assistant National Herald, a Chief Heraldic Artist, a few artists, an administrative assistant, and a cleaner.
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member of the
Heraldry Council, and a member of the National Archives' directorate. There have been four state/national heralds since the office was established in 1963:
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Although the State Herald has been called the
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The Bureau has had four homes since its inception. Since 1989 it has been housed in the National Archives building in
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force unit arms and insignia, of which the Bureau has registered more than 1000 since the 1960s.)
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Naturally, the Bureau itself has a coat of arms which were adopted in 1965. The blazon is
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260:See also
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223:(2002– )
136:Purposes
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