33:
1046:
1094:
1010:
1034:
1058:
1106:
991:
1070:
1022:
62:
1082:
753:
32:
2077:
1585:
Theragāthā Commentary 1.1-7: "Commentary on the stanza of
Bhalliya Thera". Translation in Woodward, F.L., 1940, 1952, 1959, 'Theragāthā-aṭṭhakathā: the commentary of Dhammapālācariya', 3 volumes, Pali Text Society
2019:
709:
The species is not commercially cultivated in India. The fruit is collected by local people from the forests and sold directly to the local markets. With a potential annual production of 5000 metric tonnes,
417:(inflated, but not quite spherical) in shape. When ripe, they are stone hard and reddish-purple in color. Flowering occurs March–April, and the fruit is generally harvested in the months of April to June.
413:(slightly indented at the tip) apices and rounded bases. The flowers are white and 0.3–0.4 centimetres (0.12–0.16 inches) in diameter. The drupes are 0.4–1 centimetre (0.16–0.39 inches) in diameter and
1762:
2068:
1045:
2145:
803:, he spent one week at each of seven successive locations there. During these seven weeks, he did not eat or drink, wash or excrete, or lie down. The specific locations were:
963:
According to
Burmese folklore, Tapussa and Bhallika (the two passing merchants who became the Buddha's first lay disciples) later returned to their home in Okkalapa (
1890:
1093:
1009:
621:. Though they can be eaten raw, they are often toasted or roasted before use, as this intensifies the flavor of any nut or seed. They are commonly used in
2186:
1752:
570:
2136:
1937:"Commercial cultivation procedure of Chironji (Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R. Almedia): A money spinning native tree species of India"
1794:
1057:
990:
3666:
1033:
1984:
1865:
2116:
1828:
1683:
3888:
3785:
3614:
3431:
3798:
3627:
2179:
410:
1919:
3898:
792:
3409:
3301:
622:
2006:
CRC World
Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology
2172:
2110:
2013:
1882:
1859:
1729:
1677:
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228:
61:
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2647:
1703:
1288:
1283:
1166:
1161:
314:
3567:
278:
1069:
824:
593:
Though sometimes referred to as the "chironji nut" or "charoli nut", the fruit is actually a type of
432:
1824:
1782:
1105:
3883:
3316:
3182:
2896:
678:
405:
The tree grows to about 20 metres (66 feet). Young branches are covered with dense, matted, woolly
199:
869:
609:. The charoli seed is around 0.6 centimetres (0.24 inches) in length, with a flavor resembling an
2555:
3903:
3697:
3371:
2372:
2325:
1972:
996:
923:
1845:
3684:
3311:
2839:
2779:
2465:
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2387:
2210:
2100:
1851:
1699:
1127:
1000:
178:
3033:
2950:
2824:
2722:
2397:
2352:
2289:
1814:
1657:
931:
927:
670:
409:. The leaves are 10–20 by 6–9 centimetres (3.9–7.9 by 2.4–3.5 inches), broadly oblong with
1021:
8:
3878:
3692:
2794:
2737:
2715:
2560:
1980:
1968:
1715:
574:
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367:
363:
289:
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310:
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259:
195:
3850:
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3509:
3133:
3058:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2695:
2627:
2455:
2367:
2362:
2340:
2294:
2221:
1847:
Along the Path: The
Meditator's Companion to Pilgrimage in the Buddha's India and Nepal
1757:
1721:
Seven Weeks after the Buddha's
Enlightenment: Contradictions in Text, Confusions in Art
935:
860:
661:
can be prepared from the bark of the stem or the leaves, to be used as a treatment for
440:
207:
56:
3252:
3772:
3679:
3588:
3418:
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3212:
3192:
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2995:
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2009:
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1855:
1819:
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1673:
916:
566:
466:
1952:
1907:
3855:
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3736:
3514:
2990:
2975:
2955:
2637:
2518:
2272:
1948:
976:
761:
690:
630:
238:
3593:
3423:
3222:
2076:. Flora of India. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). Kolkata: Botanical Survey of India.
3763:
3394:
3257:
2844:
2789:
2769:
2732:
2687:
2490:
2450:
972:
800:
729:
654:
394:
248:
99:
1152:
1081:
3470:
3187:
3157:
3063:
2931:
2856:
2680:
2642:
2617:
2575:
2538:
2132:
2096:
2035:
741:
650:
618:
497:
390:
371:
86:
3217:
3872:
3227:
3162:
3140:
3108:
3043:
2911:
2881:
2861:
2849:
2834:
2819:
2809:
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2587:
2335:
1960:
1661:
1653:
964:
674:
359:
145:
3501:
3272:
2164:
1274:
3842:
3541:
3207:
3197:
3167:
3103:
3093:
3073:
3053:
2871:
2669:
2612:
2607:
2550:
2310:
1753:"Temptation; Charoli Nuts Flavor the Dishes, and Memories, of Indian Chefs"
711:
3723:
3640:
3550:
3444:
3403:
3237:
3232:
3177:
3113:
3078:
2886:
2814:
2774:
2508:
2231:
942:
694:
662:
598:
45:
2632:
1941:
International
Journal of Humanities, Engineering, Science and Management
1640:
Almedia, Marselin
Rusario (1996). "Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.)".
3790:
3619:
3436:
3344:
3339:
3277:
3262:
3202:
2891:
2799:
2545:
2382:
2377:
2315:
2226:
2039:
1208:
1206:
1204:
900:
828:
820:
816:
777:
715:
526:
472:
449:
427:
155:
135:
3645:
3449:
3601:
3354:
3349:
3147:
3118:
3068:
3010:
2916:
2804:
2710:
2664:
2284:
1810:
1240:
1238:
979:), where they enshrined the hair relics given to them by the Buddha.
785:
765:
724:
686:
658:
614:
503:
483:
481:, the species was later included in multiple other genera, including
477:
355:
3462:
3365:
1719:
1201:
3837:
3757:
3718:
3535:
3496:
3388:
3267:
3242:
2960:
2945:
2727:
2654:
2622:
2570:
2523:
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2460:
2445:
2410:
2238:
832:
737:
719:
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682:
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606:
558:
530:
509:
406:
386:
112:
3816:
3606:
1235:
3658:
3172:
3123:
3038:
3028:
2970:
2906:
2876:
2565:
2528:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2420:
2262:
2144:. Vol. 2, Part 1. Yangon, Myanmar: Ti=Ni Publishing Center.
2067:
Singh, N.P.; Karthikeyan, S., eds. (2000). "Buchanania Spreng.".
1225:
1223:
1221:
949:
899:) tree, where the Buddha enjoyed the bliss of his newly attained
562:
550:
469:
1606:
1604:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
3128:
3083:
3023:
2980:
2921:
2866:
2829:
2749:
2744:
2705:
2602:
2592:
2513:
2475:
2415:
2405:
2279:
2267:
2257:
1257:
1255:
1253:
968:
610:
538:
436:
125:
1218:
625:
in India, or ground into powders for thickening and flavoring
3247:
3088:
3048:
3018:
2965:
2940:
2926:
2674:
2659:
2533:
2500:
2485:
2470:
2357:
2252:
2216:
1601:
1427:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1302:
1180:
796:
789:
769:
752:
701:. The leaves can be crushed and applied to burns and wounds.
666:
634:
626:
594:
577:
554:
542:
534:
382:
378:
73:
49:
1250:
2985:
2700:
2330:
2320:
2201:
1827:. Barre, Massachusetts: Barre Center for Buddhist Studies.
907:, several important "firsts" in Buddhism took place at the
714:
is the highest-producing state in India for charoli fruit.
602:
601:. After the hard shell of the drupe is cracked, the stubby
546:
1668:. Vol. 3 (2nd ed.). Nimtali, Dhaka, Bangladesh:
1589:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1523:
1499:
1487:
1475:
1451:
1439:
1391:
1379:
385:, especially in India. Charoli seeds are also used in the
1935:
Malakar, Ayushman; Sahoo, Hareram; Kumar, Aditya (2022).
1905:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1212:
2135:, ed. (2006). "The Buddha's stay at the Seven Places".
2038:, ed. (2008). "The Buddha's stay at the Seven Places".
1535:
1367:
617:. The seeds are used as a cooking spice, especially in
1616:
1556:
1511:
1463:
2105:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
1314:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1724:. New Delhi: Manohar Publishers & Distributors.
1343:
1333:
1331:
1329:
959:
to be distributed after his attainment of buddhahood
2131:
1967:
1229:
1140:
891:The seventh week was passed while sitting under a
381:that is edible to humans. The seeds are used as a
1934:
1355:
1326:
1261:
447:is one of 25 currently accepted species in genus
3870:
3138:
2066:
1666:Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh
1244:
513:. The species was most recently reclassified as
780:stayed for seven weeks (7x7 days = 49 days = 1
1843:
1610:
1421:
2194:
2180:
1267:
1714:
1595:
1529:
1433:
1999:
1809:
1777:
1373:
1308:
1195:
747:
520:
439:, explorer, naturalist, and surgeon in the
2187:
2173:
827:, becoming the spiritual teacher known as
31:
2008:. New York: Taylor & Francis Group.
1887:Nuts: Their Production and Everyday Uses
1844:Goldberg, Kory; Decary, Michele (2013).
751:
475:and botanist. Initially placed in genus
2034:
1698:
1639:
1622:
1573:
1517:
1505:
1493:
1481:
1469:
1457:
1445:
1400:
1385:
1320:
941:the first food offering to the Buddha (
823:for seven days and nights, he attained
788:), which is located in the present-day
640:
3871:
2095:
1850:(2nd ed.). Onalaska, Washington:
1710:. Vol. 1. Madras: Gantz Brothers.
1708:The Flora Sylvatica for southern India
1550:
852:Week 4: the Week at the Golden House (
3370:
3369:
2168:
1987:from the original on 14 December 2022
1883:"Miscellaneous and Little-known Nuts"
1880:
1750:
1652:
1361:
1349:
1337:
2119:from the original on 27 January 2023
2083:from the original on 26 January 2023
2047:. Vol. 2 (Singapore ed.).
1893:from the original on 27 January 2023
1868:from the original on 27 January 2023
1797:from the original on 26 January 2023
1765:from the original on 10 October 2022
1738:from the original on 28 January 2023
362:. The charoli tree is native to the
16:Species of flowering plant from Asia
2002:"Buchanania Sprengel Anacardiaceae"
588:
13:
3489:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:20008347-1
2151:from the original on 12 March 2023
2054:from the original on 13 April 2022
2022:from the original on 12 March 2023
1906:India Biodiversity Portal (2023).
945:and honey) after his enlightenment
605:within is similar in texture to a
14:
3925:
1831:from the original on 4 March 2012
1123:List of culinary herbs and spices
3889:Flora of the Indian subcontinent
3830:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:435693-1
1922:from the original on 11 May 2021
1104:
1092:
1080:
1068:
1056:
1044:
1032:
1020:
1008:
989:
722:, and bark-eating caterpillars (
60:
3711:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:69300-1
1686:from the original on 8 May 2016
1632:
1579:
1262:Malakar, Sahoo & Kumar 2022
776:Circa 588 BCE, the 35-year-old
744:represent important pathogens.
2551:Peppercorn (black/green/white)
2138:The Great Chronicle of Buddhas
2133:Vicittasarabhivamsa, Bhaddanta
2041:The Great Chronicle of Buddhas
1213:India Biodiversity Portal 2023
938:in the teachings of the Buddha
911:tree at Bodh Gaya, including:
903:. Upon the completion of this
845:Week 3: the Week on the Walk (
838:Week 2: the Week of the Gaze (
704:
689:. This can also be used as an
645:Charoli seeds are used in the
525:The charoli tree is native to
400:
1:
2000:Quattrocchi, Umberto (2012).
1953:10.13140/RG.2.2.25073.76646/1
1751:Bowen, Dana (28 April 2004).
1670:Asiatic Society of Bangladesh
1133:
597:rather than a true botanical
3899:Flora of South-Central China
1973:"Buchanania lanzan - Spreng"
1881:Howes, Frank Norman (1948).
1245:Singh & Karthikeyan 2000
926:(two passing merchants from
569:. It grows primarily in the
7:
2363:Kinh gioi (Vietnamese balm)
1889:. London: Faber and Faber.
1116:
919:to be uttered by the Buddha
420:
10:
3930:
3410:Buchanania cochinchinensis
3380:Buchanania cochinchinensis
2070:Flora of Maharashtra State
1977:Plants For A Future (PFAF)
1910:Buchanania cochinchinensis
1664:; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.).
1611:Goldberg & Decary 2013
1422:Goldberg & Decary 2013
1289:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1284:Plants of the World Online
1167:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1162:Plants of the World Online
1155:Buchanania cochinchinensis
982:
801:Great Chronicle of Buddhas
515:Buchanania cochinchinensis
441:British East India Company
377:The charoli tree produces
331:Buchanania cochinchinensis
188:Buchanania cochinchinensis
25:Buchanania cochinchinensis
3749:Toluifera cochinchinensis
3747:
3525:
3378:
3327:
3286:
3009:
2499:
2285:Coriander leaf / Cilantro
2200:
2195:Culinary herbs and spices
1916:India Biodiversity Portal
459:Toluifera cochinchinensis
306:Glycosmis cochinchinensis
296:Toluifera cochinchinensis
213:
206:
184:
177:
57:Scientific classification
55:
39:
30:
23:
3909:Plants described in 1790
3183:Montreal steak seasoning
1230:Plants for a Future 2023
879:Week 7: the Week at the
859:Week 5: the Week at the
807:Week 1: the Week on the
748:Significance in Buddhism
679:heavy menstrual bleeding
521:Distribution and habitat
453:. The species was first
435:(1762–1829), a Scottish
255:Loureira cochinchinensis
1704:"XXXIII: Anacardiaceae"
657:systems of medicine. A
583:
170:B. cochinchinensis
3139:
1811:Dhammadharo, Ajahn Lee
997:Botanical illustration
967:), where they built a
773:
286:Spondias simplicifolia
1787:Flora Cochinchinensis
1783:"Genus IV: Toluifera"
1157:(Lour.) M.R. Almeida"
1128:List of Indian spices
1001:Richard Henry Beddome
784:) at Uruvela (modern
755:
397:systems of medicine.
3034:Beau monde seasoning
2399:Limnophila aromatica
2102:Relics of the Buddha
1979:. Dawlish, England:
1716:Bopearachchi, Osmund
1642:Flora of Maharashtra
957:relics of the Buddha
932:Tapussa and Bhallika
868:Week 6: the Week at
728:spp.) are important
641:Traditional medicine
334:, commonly known as
267:Lundia mangiferoides
235:Buchanania latifolia
3894:Flora of Indo-China
3158:Jamaican jerk spice
2780:Japanese pricklyash
1981:Plants for a Future
1969:Plants for a Future
1825:Bhikkhu, Thanissaro
1508:, pp. 345–346.
1496:, pp. 340–345.
1484:, pp. 337–340.
1460:, pp. 336–337.
1448:, pp. 334–336.
1403:, pp. 346–347.
1388:, pp. 334–348.
1311:, pp. 262–263.
1247:, pp. 582–583.
1198:, pp. 676–678.
915:the first words of
854:Ratanāghara Sattāha
831:and the founder of
799:. According to the
575:tropical rainforest
537:(south-central and
368:South Central China
364:Indian subcontinent
3134:Herbes de Provence
2765:Grains of paradise
2628:Crushed red pepper
2342:Houttuynia cordata
1758:The New York Times
897:B. cochinchinensis
885:Rājāyatana Sattāha
778:Siddhartha Gautama
774:
758:B. cochinchinensis
756:Rajayatana trees (
734:B. cochinchinensis
445:B. cochinchinensis
275:Spondias elliptica
3914:Trees in Buddhism
3866:
3865:
3698:Buchanania lanzan
3680:Open Tree of Life
3557:Buchanania lanzan
3527:Buchanania lanzan
3372:Taxon identifiers
3363:
3362:
3335:Chinese herbology
3213:Pumpkin pie spice
3193:Old Bay Seasoning
3153:Italian seasoning
3099:Five-spice powder
2401:(rice-paddy herb)
2244:Indian bay leaf (
1820:Access to Insight
1779:de Loureiro, João
1596:Bopearachchi 2016
1553:, pp. 73–74.
1530:Bopearachchi 2016
1436:, pp. 24–26.
1434:Bopearachchi 2016
874:Mucalinda Sattāha
567:Western Himalayas
327:
326:
245:Lanzana solitaria
225:Buchanania lanzan
3921:
3859:
3858:
3846:
3845:
3833:
3832:
3820:
3819:
3807:
3806:
3794:
3793:
3781:
3780:
3768:
3767:
3766:
3740:
3739:
3727:
3726:
3714:
3713:
3701:
3700:
3688:
3687:
3675:
3674:
3662:
3661:
3649:
3648:
3636:
3635:
3623:
3622:
3610:
3609:
3597:
3596:
3584:
3583:
3571:
3570:
3561:
3560:
3559:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3518:
3517:
3505:
3504:
3492:
3491:
3479:
3478:
3466:
3465:
3453:
3452:
3440:
3439:
3427:
3426:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3367:
3366:
3144:
2951:Tasmanian pepper
2932:Sichuan pepper (
2887:Pomegranate seed
2701:Dill / Dill seed
2556:Brazilian pepper
2519:Alligator pepper
2273:garlic / Chinese
2189:
2182:
2175:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2150:
2143:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2082:
2075:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2053:
2046:
2031:
2029:
2027:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1964:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1912:(Lour.) Almeida"
1902:
1900:
1898:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1823:. Translated by
1806:
1804:
1802:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1747:
1745:
1743:
1711:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1658:"Buddha Purnima"
1649:
1626:
1620:
1614:
1608:
1599:
1593:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1554:
1548:
1533:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1404:
1398:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1374:Dhammadharo 1998
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1324:
1318:
1312:
1309:de Loureiro 1790
1306:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1271:
1265:
1259:
1248:
1242:
1233:
1227:
1216:
1210:
1199:
1196:Quattrocchi 2012
1193:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1149:
1108:
1096:
1084:
1072:
1060:
1048:
1036:
1024:
1012:
993:
977:Shwedagon Pagoda
813:Pallanka Sattāha
762:Mahabodhi Temple
589:Food and cooking
463:João de Loureiro
433:Francis Buchanan
318:
302:
292:
282:
271:
263:
251:
241:
231:
190:
65:
64:
35:
21:
20:
3929:
3928:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3884:Flora of Hainan
3869:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3854:
3849:
3841:
3836:
3828:
3823:
3815:
3810:
3802:
3797:
3789:
3784:
3776:
3771:
3762:
3761:
3756:
3743:
3735:
3730:
3722:
3717:
3709:
3704:
3696:
3691:
3683:
3678:
3670:
3665:
3657:
3652:
3644:
3639:
3631:
3626:
3618:
3613:
3605:
3600:
3592:
3587:
3579:
3574:
3566:
3564:
3555:
3554:
3549:
3540:
3539:
3534:
3521:
3513:
3508:
3500:
3495:
3487:
3482:
3474:
3469:
3461:
3456:
3448:
3443:
3435:
3430:
3422:
3417:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3374:
3364:
3359:
3323:
3282:
3258:Tandoori masala
3005:
2882:Peruvian pepper
2770:Grains of Selim
2755:Aromatic ginger
2688:Bunium persicum
2495:
2196:
2193:
2163:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2141:
2122:
2120:
2113:
2097:Strong, John S.
2086:
2084:
2080:
2073:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2036:Sayadaw, Mingun
2025:
2023:
2016:
1990:
1988:
1925:
1923:
1896:
1894:
1871:
1869:
1862:
1852:Pariyatti Press
1834:
1832:
1800:
1798:
1768:
1766:
1741:
1739:
1732:
1689:
1687:
1680:
1635:
1630:
1629:
1621:
1617:
1609:
1602:
1594:
1590:
1584:
1580:
1572:
1557:
1549:
1536:
1528:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1504:
1500:
1492:
1488:
1480:
1476:
1468:
1464:
1456:
1452:
1444:
1440:
1432:
1428:
1420:
1407:
1399:
1392:
1384:
1380:
1372:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1348:
1344:
1336:
1327:
1319:
1315:
1307:
1303:
1293:
1291:
1273:
1272:
1268:
1260:
1251:
1243:
1236:
1228:
1219:
1211:
1202:
1194:
1181:
1171:
1169:
1151:
1150:
1141:
1136:
1119:
1112:
1109:
1100:
1097:
1088:
1085:
1076:
1073:
1064:
1061:
1052:
1049:
1040:
1037:
1028:
1025:
1016:
1013:
1004:
994:
985:
973:Singuttara Hill
847:Cankama Sattāha
840:Animisa Sattāha
750:
707:
643:
591:
586:
523:
423:
403:
352:Hamilton mombin
344:Cuddapah almond
323:
308:
298:
288:
277:
269:
257:
247:
237:
227:
219:
218:
202:
192:
186:
173:
59:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3927:
3917:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3860:
3856:wfo-0001242517
3847:
3834:
3821:
3808:
3795:
3782:
3769:
3753:
3751:
3745:
3744:
3742:
3741:
3737:wfo-0000573408
3728:
3715:
3702:
3689:
3676:
3663:
3650:
3637:
3624:
3611:
3598:
3585:
3572:
3562:
3547:
3531:
3529:
3523:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3515:wfo-0000573381
3506:
3493:
3480:
3467:
3454:
3441:
3428:
3415:
3400:
3384:
3382:
3376:
3375:
3361:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3331:
3329:
3328:Related topics
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3296:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3188:Mulling spices
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3064:Cinnamon sugar
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3015:
3013:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2976:Voatsiperifery
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2741:
2740:
2735:
2725:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2684:
2681:Nigella sativa
2672:
2667:
2665:Coriander seed
2662:
2657:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2542:
2541:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2292:
2282:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2241:
2236:
2235:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2214:
2206:
2204:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2169:
2162:
2161:
2129:
2112:978-0691117645
2111:
2093:
2064:
2032:
2015:978-1482250640
2014:
1997:
1965:
1932:
1903:
1878:
1861:978-1938754586
1860:
1841:
1815:"Visakha Puja"
1807:
1775:
1748:
1731:978-9350981375
1730:
1712:
1696:
1679:978-9843205766
1678:
1662:Islam, Sirajul
1654:Barua, Sukomal
1650:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1628:
1627:
1625:, p. 165.
1615:
1613:, p. 126.
1600:
1588:
1578:
1576:, p. 347.
1555:
1534:
1522:
1520:, p. 346.
1510:
1498:
1486:
1474:
1472:, p. 337.
1462:
1450:
1438:
1426:
1424:, p. 125.
1405:
1390:
1378:
1366:
1354:
1352:, p. 210.
1342:
1325:
1323:, p. 287.
1313:
1301:
1266:
1249:
1234:
1217:
1200:
1179:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1007:
1005:
995:
988:
984:
981:
961:
960:
953:
946:
939:
920:
889:
888:
877:
870:Mucalinda Lake
866:
857:
850:
843:
836:
749:
746:
742:powdery mildew
706:
703:
642:
639:
619:Indian cuisine
590:
587:
585:
582:
522:
519:
422:
419:
402:
399:
372:Southeast Asia
370:, and much of
325:
324:
322:
321:
320:
319:
303:
293:
283:
272:
270:Puerari ex DC.
264:
252:
242:
232:
216:
215:
214:
211:
210:
204:
203:
193:
182:
181:
175:
174:
167:
165:
161:
160:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
133:
129:
128:
123:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
90:
89:
84:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
53:
52:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3926:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3904:Indian spices
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3857:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3839:
3835:
3831:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3774:
3770:
3765:
3759:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3738:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3638:
3634:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3603:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3563:
3558:
3552:
3548:
3543:
3537:
3533:
3532:
3530:
3528:
3524:
3516:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3498:
3494:
3490:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3472:
3468:
3464:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3446:
3442:
3438:
3433:
3429:
3425:
3420:
3416:
3411:
3405:
3401:
3396:
3390:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3381:
3377:
3373:
3368:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3289:
3285:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3228:Ras el hanout
3226:
3224:
3223:Quatre épices
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3163:Khmeli suneli
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3109:Garlic powder
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3044:Bouquet garni
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2935:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2810:Litsea cubeba
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2785:Juniper berry
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2588:Celery powder
2586:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2540:
2537:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2396:
2394:
2393:Lemon verbena
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2300:
2298:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2190:
2185:
2183:
2178:
2176:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2147:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2118:
2114:
2108:
2104:
2103:
2098:
2094:
2079:
2072:
2071:
2065:
2050:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2033:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1911:
1904:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1842:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1796:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1764:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1700:Beddome, R.H.
1697:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1638:
1637:
1624:
1619:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1598:, p. 25.
1597:
1592:
1582:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1552:
1547:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1532:, p. 24.
1531:
1526:
1519:
1514:
1507:
1502:
1495:
1490:
1483:
1478:
1471:
1466:
1459:
1454:
1447:
1442:
1435:
1430:
1423:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1402:
1397:
1395:
1387:
1382:
1375:
1370:
1363:
1358:
1351:
1346:
1339:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1322:
1317:
1310:
1305:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1270:
1263:
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1087:Charoli seeds
1083:
1078:
1075:Charoli fruit
1071:
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825:enlightenment
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434:
431:is named for
430:
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388:
384:
383:cooking spice
380:
375:
373:
369:
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360:cashew family
357:
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179:Binomial name
176:
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159:
158:
154:
151:
150:
147:
146:Anacardiaceae
144:
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88:
87:Tracheophytes
85:
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69:
68:
63:
58:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
3748:
3526:
3379:
3208:Powder-douce
3198:Panch phoron
3168:Lemon pepper
3104:Garam masala
3094:Fines herbes
3074:Curry powder
3054:Chaat masala
2933:
2912:Sarsaparilla
2872:Onion powder
2820:Mango-ginger
2686:
2679:
2613:Chili powder
2597:
2398:
2388:Lemon myrtle
2345:
2341:
2296:
2295:Vietnamese (
2245:
2209:
2153:. Retrieved
2137:
2121:. Retrieved
2101:
2085:. Retrieved
2069:
2056:. Retrieved
2040:
2024:. Retrieved
2005:
1989:. Retrieved
1976:
1944:
1940:
1924:. Retrieved
1915:
1909:
1895:. Retrieved
1886:
1870:. Retrieved
1846:
1833:. Retrieved
1818:
1799:. Retrieved
1790:
1789:(in Latin).
1786:
1767:. Retrieved
1756:
1740:. Retrieved
1720:
1707:
1688:. Retrieved
1665:
1645:
1641:
1633:Bibliography
1623:Beddome 1869
1618:
1591:
1581:
1574:Sayadaw 2008
1525:
1518:Sayadaw 2008
1513:
1506:Sayadaw 2008
1501:
1494:Sayadaw 2008
1489:
1482:Sayadaw 2008
1477:
1470:Sayadaw 2008
1465:
1458:Sayadaw 2008
1453:
1446:Sayadaw 2008
1441:
1429:
1401:Sayadaw 2008
1386:Sayadaw 2008
1381:
1369:
1357:
1345:
1321:Almedia 1996
1316:
1304:
1292:. Retrieved
1282:
1276:
1269:
1170:. Retrieved
1160:
1154:
962:
928:Pokkharavatī
908:
905:sattasattāha
904:
896:
892:
890:
884:
880:
873:
861:
853:
846:
839:
812:
808:
782:sattasattāha
781:
775:
757:
733:
723:
712:Chhattisgarh
708:
644:
592:
571:wet tropical
524:
514:
508:
502:
496:
492:
488:
482:
476:
458:
448:
444:
426:
424:
404:
376:
358:tree of the
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
330:
329:
328:
305:
295:
285:
274:
266:
254:
244:
234:
224:
200:M.R. Almeida
187:
185:
169:
168:
156:
119:
106:
93:
80:
41:
24:
18:
3641:iNaturalist
3551:Wikispecies
3476:kew-2684767
3445:iNaturalist
3404:Wikispecies
3307:Bangladeshi
3238:Sharena sol
3233:Recado rojo
3218:Qâlat daqqa
3178:Mixed spice
3114:Garlic salt
3079:Doubanjiang
2815:Long pepper
2775:Horseradish
2593:Celery seed
2466:Sanshō leaf
2383:Lemon grass
1551:Strong 2004
965:Lower Burma
936:take refuge
864:Banyan Tree
764:complex in
716:Leafhoppers
705:Cultivation
695:aphrodisiac
691:expectorant
663:indigestion
461:in 1790 by
401:Description
336:charoli nut
100:Angiosperms
46:Maharashtra
3879:Buchanania
3873:Categories
3471:Plant List
3463:20008347-1
3345:Marination
3340:Herbal tea
3302:Australian
3298:By region
3273:Yuzu koshō
3263:Thuna paha
3203:Persillade
2956:Tonka bean
2892:Poppy seed
2800:Dried lime
2723:Fingerroot
2638:New Mexico
2546:Asafoetida
2378:Lemon balm
2336:Hoja santa
2316:Curry leaf
2155:28 January
2123:27 January
2087:26 January
2058:27 January
2026:27 January
1991:27 January
1926:27 January
1897:27 January
1872:27 January
1835:27 January
1801:26 January
1769:27 January
1742:27 January
1690:26 January
1362:Barua 2003
1350:Howes 1948
1338:Bowen 2004
1294:27 January
1277:Buchanania
1172:27 January
1134:References
955:the first
948:the first
922:the first
909:rājāyatana
901:buddhahood
893:rājāyatana
881:Rājāyatana
829:the Buddha
821:Bodhi Tree
819:under the
817:meditating
565:, and the
527:Bangladesh
473:missionary
467:Portuguese
450:Buchanania
428:Buchanania
415:subglobose
411:emarginate
340:almondette
281:ex Hook.f.
157:Buchanania
136:Sapindales
40:Flowering
3764:Q50872468
3502:100301183
3395:Q15539496
3355:Spice rub
3350:Seasoning
3317:Pakistani
3148:Idli podi
3119:Gochujang
3069:Crab boil
2986:Yuzu zest
2917:Sassafras
2805:Liquorice
2711:Fenugreek
2648:Cultivars
1961:2582-8169
943:rice cake
815:). After
809:Aparājita
786:Bodh Gaya
766:Bodh Gaya
760:) at the
725:Indarbela
720:mealybugs
687:snakebite
671:impotence
659:decoction
615:pistachio
517:in 1996.
504:Mangifera
484:Glycosmis
478:Toluifera
455:described
356:deciduous
348:calumpong
164:Species:
70:Kingdom:
3843:50119185
3838:Tropicos
3817:435693-1
3758:Wikidata
3719:Tropicos
3536:Wikidata
3497:Tropicos
3389:Wikidata
3294:Culinary
3268:Vadouvan
3243:Shichimi
3141:Húng lìu
2961:Turmeric
2946:Tamarind
2795:Korarima
2728:Galangal
2696:Deulkkae
2655:Cinnamon
2633:Jalapeño
2623:Chipotle
2571:Cardamom
2524:Allspice
2491:Woodruff
2481:Tarragon
2446:Rosemary
2411:Marjoram
2373:Lavender
2368:Kkaennip
2306:Culantro
2290:Bolivian
2239:Bay leaf
2211:Angelica
2146:Archived
2117:Archived
2099:(2004).
2078:Archived
2049:Archived
2020:Archived
1985:Archived
1971:(2023).
1920:Archived
1891:Archived
1866:Archived
1829:Archived
1813:(1998).
1795:Archived
1781:(1790).
1763:Archived
1736:Archived
1718:(2016).
1702:(1869).
1684:Archived
1656:(2003).
1117:See also
833:Buddhism
811:Throne (
738:gummosis
736:, while
699:laxative
683:diarrhea
647:Ayurveda
629:sauces,
607:pine nut
559:Thailand
531:Cambodia
510:Spondias
493:Loureira
437:botanist
421:Taxonomy
387:Ayurveda
317:ex Engl.
262:) Meisn.
208:Synonyms
142:Family:
113:Eudicots
44:tree in
3791:3994454
3724:1300838
3685:5233189
3672:1357583
3659:69300-1
3620:5544011
3568:155-4-3
3437:5544043
3278:Za'atar
3173:Mitmita
3124:Harissa
3039:Berbere
3029:Baharat
2996:Zereshk
2991:Zedoary
2971:Vanilla
2934:huājiāo
2907:Saffron
2897:Radhuni
2877:Paprika
2862:Njangsa
2857:Nigella
2835:Mustard
2733:greater
2643:Tabasco
2618:Cayenne
2598:Charoli
2566:Caraway
2561:Camphor
2529:Amchoor
2441:Perilla
2436:Parsley
2431:Oregano
2426:Mitsuba
2421:Mugwort
2346:giấp cá
2326:Epazote
2297:rau răm
2263:Chervil
1279:Spreng"
1063:Flowers
1051:Flowers
983:Gallery
952:'s bowl
862:Ajapāla
772:, India
697:, or a
631:batters
563:Vietnam
551:Myanmar
489:Lanzana
354:, is a
290:Rottler
229:Spreng.
152:Genus:
132:Order:
74:Plantae
42:charoli
3646:702343
3633:403131
3581:480067
3565:APSA:
3542:Q83127
3450:541886
3312:Indian
3129:Hawaij
3084:Douchi
3059:Chaunk
3024:Advieh
3019:Adjika
3011:Blends
2981:Wasabi
2922:Sesame
2867:Nutmeg
2830:Mahleb
2825:Mastic
2760:Golpar
2750:Ginger
2745:Garlic
2738:lesser
2706:Fennel
2603:Chenpi
2583:Cassia
2514:Ajwain
2509:Aonori
2501:Spices
2476:Sorrel
2461:Savory
2406:Lovage
2353:Hyssop
2280:Cicely
2268:Chives
2258:Borage
2246:tejpat
2109:
2012:
1959:
1858:
1728:
1676:
1586:London
1111:Leaves
1099:Leaves
1003:, 1869
969:cetiya
930:named
917:dharma
883:Tree (
790:Indian
655:Siddha
653:, and
635:kormas
627:savory
623:sweets
611:almond
578:biomes
539:Hainan
507:, and
498:Lundia
470:Jesuit
425:Genus
395:Siddha
393:, and
315:Pierre
279:Rottb.
249:Stokes
126:Rosids
3804:36747
3778:57BP5
3607:BUHLZ
3287:Lists
3253:Tajin
3248:Tabil
3089:Duqqa
3049:Buknu
2966:Uzazi
2941:Sumac
2927:Shiso
2850:white
2845:brown
2840:black
2790:Kokum
2675:Cumin
2670:Cubeb
2660:Clove
2608:Chili
2576:black
2534:Anise
2486:Thyme
2471:Shiso
2358:Jimbu
2311:Cress
2253:Boldo
2232:Lemon
2217:Basil
2202:Herbs
2149:(PDF)
2142:(PDF)
2081:(PDF)
2074:(PDF)
2052:(PDF)
2045:(PDF)
1947:(1).
1660:. In
1015:Trunk
975:(the
934:) to
797:Bihar
793:state
770:Bihar
730:pests
685:, or
667:mumps
651:Unani
613:or a
595:drupe
555:Nepal
543:India
535:China
407:hairs
391:Unani
379:fruit
311:Lour.
300:Lour.
260:Lour.
239:Roxb.
196:Lour.
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
81:Clade
50:India
3825:POWO
3812:IPNI
3799:GRIN
3786:GBIF
3706:POWO
3693:PfaF
3667:NCBI
3654:IPNI
3628:GRIN
3615:GBIF
3602:EPPO
3594:NMC4
3576:BOLD
3484:POWO
3458:IPNI
3432:GBIF
3424:NMBL
3001:Zest
2902:Rose
2716:blue
2539:star
2456:Sage
2416:Mint
2331:Hemp
2321:Dill
2227:Thai
2222:Holy
2157:2023
2125:2023
2107:ISBN
2089:2023
2060:2023
2028:2023
2010:ISBN
1993:2023
1957:ISSN
1928:2023
1899:2023
1874:2023
1856:ISBN
1837:2023
1803:2023
1771:2023
1744:2023
1726:ISBN
1692:2023
1674:ISBN
1296:2023
1174:2023
1039:Buds
1027:Buds
740:and
633:and
603:seed
584:Uses
573:and
547:Laos
465:, a
217:List
3851:WFO
3773:CoL
3732:WFO
3589:CoL
3510:WFO
3419:CoL
2451:Rue
1949:doi
999:by
971:on
795:of
732:of
599:nut
541:),
457:as
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3840::
3827::
3814::
3801::
3788::
3775::
3760::
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3591::
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3447::
3434::
3421::
3406::
3391::
2115:.
2018:.
2004:.
1983:.
1975:.
1955:.
1943:.
1939:.
1918:.
1914:.
1885:.
1864:.
1854:.
1817:.
1793:.
1785:.
1761:.
1755:.
1734:.
1706:.
1682:.
1672:.
1644:.
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1393:^
1328:^
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