176:
2552:
2916:
2859:
1646:
2125:
668:
450:
2218:
2004:
1951:
1217:
622:
1180:
765:
228:
2518:
1337:
2465:
1605:
2047:
1092:
2953:
2257:
2751:
2166:
3173:
2766:
2732:
2616:
2579:
1748:
1270:
1476:
363:
322:
3135:
3070:
3045:
3010:
2931:
2886:
2837:
2803:
2687:
2533:
2492:
2443:
2401:
2325:
2272:
2230:
2181:
2140:
2062:
2016:
1963:
1910:
1864:
1827:
1785:
1673:
1620:
1570:
1439:
1394:
1311:
1232:
1195:
1107:
1069:
1028:
991:
908:
855:
814:
777:
728:
683:
637:
547:
506:
465:
428:
375:
277:
240:
191:
2635:
307:
1137:
1502:
2366:
348:
2480:
2203:
1898:
1558:
939:
573:
3158:
1812:
3095:
2298:
2103:
1661:
491:
3122:
1352:
2966:
2650:
2313:
1152:
976:
954:
896:
750:
1849:
416:
799:
2998:
2874:
2567:
1770:
1714:
1517:
588:
213:
1883:
1543:
1733:
1699:
1013:
123:
The award of $ 3 million, the largest award in the sciences, is given to researchers who have made discoveries that extend human life. The Prize is awarded annually, beginning in 2013, with six awards given in each subsequent year. Winners are expected to give public lectures and form the committee
1449:"for discovering the centrality of RNA in forming the active centers of the ribosome, the fundamental machinery of protein synthesis in all cells, thereby connecting modern biology to the origin of life and also explaining how many natural antibiotics disrupt protein synthesis."
2240:"for discovering TDP43 protein aggregates in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and revealing that different forms of alpha-synuclein, in different cell types, underlie Parkinson's disease and Multiple System Atrophy."
1001:"for the discovery of covalent modifications of histone proteins and their critical roles in the regulation of gene expression and chromatin organization, advancing the understanding of diseases ranging from birth defects to cancer."
1362:"for pioneering the sequencing of ancient DNA and ancient genomes, thereby illuminating the origins of modern humans, our relationships to extinct relatives such as Neanderthals, and the evolution of human populations and traits."
2335:"for deconstructing the complex behavior of parenting to the level of cell-types and their wiring, and demonstrating that the neural circuits governing both male and female-specific parenting behaviors are present in both sexes."
1795:"for elucidating the molecular pathogenesis of a type of inherited ALS, including the role of glia in neurodegeneration, and for establishing antisense oligonucleotide therapy in animal models of ALS and Huntington disease."
1580:"for discoveries of the genetic causes and biochemical mechanisms of spinocerebellar ataxia and Rett syndrome, findings that have provided insight into the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases."
475:"for the discovery of general principles for identifying human disease genes, and enabling their application to medicine through the creation and analysis of genetic, physical and sequence maps of the human genome."
738:"for defining the interlocking circuits in the brain that malfunction in Parkinson's disease – this scientific foundation underlies the circuit-based treatment of Parkinson's disease by deep brain stimulation."
2847:"for discovering that narcolepsy is caused by the loss of a small population of brain cells that make a wake-promoting substance, paving the way for the development of new treatments for sleep disorders.."
1205:"for the development and implementation of optogenetics – the programming of neurons to express light-activated ion channels and pumps, so that their electrical activity can be controlled by light."
1321:"for the discovery of human genetic variants that alter the levels and distribution of cholesterol and other lipids, inspiring new approaches to the prevention of cardiovascular and liver disease."
1284:(APP) gene that cause early onset Alzheimer's disease, linking accumulation of APP-derived beta-amyloid peptide to Alzheimer's pathogenesis and inspiring new strategies for disease prevention."
2282:"for developing technology that allowed the design of proteins never seen before in nature, including novel proteins that have the potential for therapeutic intervention in human diseases."
1758:"for elucidating the sophisticated mechanism that mediates the perilous separation of duplicated chromosomes during cell division and thereby prevents genetic diseases such as cancer."
1117:"for harnessing an ancient mechanism of bacterial immunity into a powerful and general technology for editing genomes, with wide-ranging implications across biology and medicine."
3105:"For identifying GBA1 and LRRK2 as risk genes for Parkinson's disease, implicating autophagy and lysosomal biology as critical contributors to the pathogenesis of the disease."
1683:"for elucidating the unfolded protein response, a cellular quality-control system that detects disease-causing unfolded proteins and directs cells to take corrective measures."
2944:
1973:"for discovering hidden structures in cells by developing super-resolution imaging – a method that transcends the fundamental spatial resolution limit of light microscopy."
964:"for the discovery and pioneering work on the development of high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS), which has revolutionized the treatment of Parkinson's disease."
2742:
840:
2589:"for the development of a robust and affordable method to determine DNA sequences on a massive scale, which has transformed the practice of science and medicine."
2453:"for elucidating the molecular basis of neurodegenerative and cardiac transthyretin diseases, and for developing tafamidis, a drug that slows their progression."
3084:
3059:
3032:
2985:
2822:
2788:
2717:
2672:
2601:
2428:
2388:
2351:
2088:
1989:
1936:
1461:
1424:
1379:
1296:
1255:
1054:
881:
713:
532:
401:
262:
3588:
2776:"for developing a deep learning AI method that rapidly and accurately predicts the three-dimensional structure of proteins from their amino acid sequence.."
3330:
4355:
3300:
4274:
2697:"for discovering a fundamental mechanism of cellular organization mediated by phase separation of proteins and RNA into membraneless liquid droplets."
1365:
3861:
2026:"for elucidating how DNA triggers immune and autoimmune responses from the interior of a cell through the discovery of the DNA-sensing enzyme cGAS."
1404:"for elucidating how eukaryotic cells sense and respond to damage in their DNA and providing insights into the development and treatment of cancer."
2941:"For the development of chimeric antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy whereby the patient's T cells are modified to target and kill cancer cells."
4359:
2896:
2376:"for discovering that fetal DNA is present in maternal blood and can be used for the prenatal testing of trisomy 21 and other genetic disorders"
1837:"for the development of an effective antisense oligonucleotide therapy for children with the neurodegenerative disease spinal muscular atrophy."
1324:
4419:
1486:"for pioneering research on the Wnt pathway, one of the crucial intercellular signaling systems in development, cancer and stem cell biology."
3113:
3020:"For developing life-transforming drug combinations that repair the defective chloride channel protein in patients with cystic fibrosis."
3581:
1045:
175:
3973:
3699:
1630:"for discovering how plants optimize their growth, development, and cellular structure to transform sunlight into chemical energy."
3145:
3242:
2194:
1686:
1162:
613:
129:
2976:
2850:
2411:"for elucidating a quality control pathway that clears damaged mitochondria and thereby protects against Parkinson's Disease."
523:
3466:"Breakthrough Prize – Winners Of The 2022 Breakthrough Prizes In Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics And Mathematics Announced"
3441:"Breakthrough Prize – Winners Of The 2021 Breakthrough Prizes In Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics And Mathematics Announced"
3574:
3416:"Breakthrough Prize – Winners Of The 2020 Breakthrough Prize In Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics And Mathematics Announced"
1927:
1633:
1208:
1128:
831:
560:
478:
3853:
3528:
2116:
1452:
2551:
124:
to decide future winners. The ceremony takes place in the San
Francisco Bay Area, with the symposiums alternating between
4409:
2379:
1798:
441:
1120:
872:
125:
2072:"for the discovery of a new endocrine system through which adipose tissue signals the brain to regulate food intake."
3606:
3201:
2150:"for discovering functions of molecular chaperones in mediating protein folding and preventing protein aggregation."
2113:"for discovering functions of molecular chaperones in mediating protein folding and preventing protein aggregation."
2704:
2342:
2289:
2157:
2079:
2033:
1980:
1690:
1637:
1591:
1493:
1415:
1407:
1328:
1246:
1124:
650:
519:
101:
3338:
4013:
3630:
2029:
1531:, the recycling system that cells use to generate nutrients from their own inessential or damaged components."
1079:
790:
599:
3308:
4404:
3187:
3149:
2414:
1874:
1534:
609:
298:
3881:
3817:
3785:
2708:
1587:
704:
2502:"for engineering modified RNA technology which enabled rapid development of effective COVID-19 vaccines."
4086:
3805:
3183:
2858:
2793:
2543:
2509:
2456:
2243:
1583:
438:"for discoveries in the mechanisms of angiogenesis that led to therapies for cancer and eye diseases."
3791:
3206:
2915:
1287:
1281:
1042:, a class of tiny RNA molecules that inhibit translation or destabilize complementary mRNA targets."
967:
288:
3502:"BREAKTHROUGH PRIZE ANNOUNCES 2024 LAUREATES IN LIFE SCIENCES, FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS, AND MATHEMATICS"
3109:
4399:
4389:
4262:
2285:
2262:
654:
3729:
4414:
4394:
4299:
4160:
4035:
3967:
3865:
3216:
2626:
2592:
2557:
2153:
1698:
1645:
1260:
389:, illuminating how they protect chromosome ends and their role in genome instability in cancer."
3267:
4313:
4146:
3211:
3023:
2677:
2075:
1411:
1142:
1083:
1004:
392:
294:
204:
2124:
2900:
1840:
333:
4424:
4256:
4120:
3939:
3889:
2700:
2208:
1761:
1216:
918:"for discovering critical molecular determinants and biological functions of intracellular
886:
621:
253:
1179:
667:
8:
4279:
4240:
4130:
2052:
1489:
1242:
919:
564:
133:
449:
4333:
4244:
4126:
3963:
3913:
3877:
3795:
3763:
3682:
3597:
3533:
2864:
2356:
2338:
2093:
1994:
1976:
1384:
944:
824:"for discoveries leading to the development of controlled drug-release systems and new
537:
496:
339:
91:
2517:
1166:
787:"for the discovery of Target of Rapamycin (TOR) and its role in cell growth control."
201:"for the genetics of neural circuits and behavior, and synaptic guidepost molecules."
4248:
4222:
4168:
4116:
4074:
4054:
3903:
3899:
3709:
3658:
3648:
3275:
2130:
1854:
1342:
845:
406:
181:
4291:
2470:
4367:
4317:
4287:
4218:
4212:
4186:
4112:
4100:
4062:
4003:
3983:
3893:
3775:
3759:
3721:
3676:
3618:
3163:
2722:
2433:
1817:
1775:
1724:
1507:
1185:
741:
673:
605:
267:
2464:
1336:
4363:
4343:
4329:
4303:
4266:
4178:
4174:
4156:
4142:
4108:
4094:
4090:
4082:
4017:
3997:
3979:
3945:
3801:
3767:
3751:
3614:
3561:
3127:
2958:
2827:
2606:
2303:
2046:
1429:
1222:
1097:
755:
627:
578:
482:
97:
3361:"Breakthrough Prize – Breakthrough Prize Awarded $ 22 Million In Science Prizes"
1091:
4351:
4325:
4321:
4230:
4204:
4070:
4058:
3959:
3949:
3921:
3885:
3873:
3869:
3733:
3652:
3566:
3178:
3037:
2952:
2771:
2756:
2750:
2737:
2621:
2584:
2256:
2165:
1941:
1753:
1704:
1275:
981:
455:
353:
218:
2191:"for discovering molecules, cells, and mechanisms underlying pain sensation."
1604:
250:"for linkage mapping of Mendelian disease in humans using DNA polymorphisms."
4383:
4347:
4295:
4226:
4152:
4134:
4104:
4025:
4021:
3987:
3929:
3857:
3827:
3809:
3771:
3741:
3717:
3688:
3670:
3642:
3279:
3140:
3075:
3050:
3015:
2990:
2936:
2891:
2842:
2808:
2692:
2538:
2523:
2497:
2448:
2406:
2330:
2277:
2235:
2186:
2145:
2067:
2021:
1968:
1915:
1888:
1869:
1832:
1790:
1678:
1625:
1575:
1466:
1444:
1399:
1316:
1237:
1200:
1112:
1074:
1033:
1018:
996:
913:
860:
819:
804:
782:
733:
718:
688:
642:
552:
511:
470:
433:
380:
282:
245:
196:
113:
78:
3390:
2634:
1924:, an abnormal chromosome number resulting from chromosome mis-segregation."
4307:
4252:
4234:
4200:
4196:
4066:
3917:
3835:
3725:
2921:
2640:
2171:
1651:
1610:
866:
825:
312:
4208:
4190:
4164:
4138:
4078:
3907:
3849:
3845:
3755:
3626:
3622:
1738:
1548:
1501:
1481:
1301:
1136:
1059:
770:
368:
327:
233:
109:
105:
3501:
3489:
3465:
3440:
3415:
3360:
4182:
4031:
3925:
3831:
3813:
3737:
3664:
1921:
698:
35:
Research aimed at curing intractable diseases and extending human life.
347:
306:
4339:
4270:
3779:
3713:
2371:
2202:
1528:
1039:
839:
386:
938:
572:
3636:
3391:"Breakthrough Prize – Life Sciences Breakthrough Prize – Laureates"
3157:
2813:
2779:
2505:
1811:
3121:
2297:
865:"for the discovery of genes and biochemical mechanisms that cause
490:
3100:
2485:
2108:
1903:
1848:
1666:
1563:
975:
925:
749:
117:
1769:
798:
212:
4007:
2971:
2655:
2318:
1882:
1357:
1157:
959:
901:
694:
3243:"Breakthrough Prize announced by Silicon Valley entrepreneurs"
1542:
3003:
2879:
2572:
2223:
2009:
1956:
1732:
1719:
1522:
593:
421:
3839:
2743:
Max Planck
Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
1038:"for the discovery of a new world of genetic regulation by
1012:
3083:
3058:
3031:
2984:
2821:
2787:
2716:
2671:
2600:
2427:
2387:
2350:
2087:
1988:
1935:
1460:
1423:
1378:
1295:
1254:
1053:
880:
712:
531:
400:
261:
96:
is a scientific award, funded by internet entrepreneurs
3520:
2945:
Perelman School of
Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
3529:"$ 3 Million Prizes Will Go to Mathematicians, Too"
1366:Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
647:"for cancer genomics and tumor suppressor genes."
4381:
3596:
2897:University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
2556:
1325:University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
108:of Google; entrepreneur and venture capitalist
3108:Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research,
557:"for characterization of human cancer genes."
116:, one of the founders of the genetics company
3582:
3240:
3114:German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases
16:Award for breakthroughs in the life sciences
1141:
3589:
3575:
2863:
2676:
1221:
1046:University of Massachusetts Medical School
885:
626:
3974:The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration
3207:Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics
2605:
1774:
516:"for cancer genes and targeted therapy."
3146:National Human Genome Research Institute
2755:
2522:
2051:
577:
536:
352:
217:
180:
3526:
2195:University of California, San Francisco
2129:
1853:
1816:
1737:
1687:University of California, San Francisco
1383:
1163:Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
943:
672:
614:University of California, San Francisco
495:
405:
266:
130:University of California, San Francisco
4382:
3385:
3383:
3381:
2977:Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
2851:Stanford University School of Medicine
2826:
2792:
2469:
2170:
1940:
1650:
1547:
1506:
1428:
1184:
1096:
1058:
1017:
844:
803:
717:
524:Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
454:
4420:Russian science and technology awards
3570:
3527:Overbye, Dennis (December 13, 2013).
2721:
2639:
2432:
2392:
2302:
2261:
2092:
1928:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1920:"for determining the consequences of
1634:Salk Institute for Biological Studies
1609:
1465:
1341:
1300:
1259:
1209:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1129:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
980:
832:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
561:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
479:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2117:Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry
1993:
1887:
1703:
1453:University of California, Santa Cruz
754:
291:and its role in cancer metabolism."
3378:
3236:
3234:
3232:
2380:The Chinese University of Hong Kong
2207:
1799:University of California, San Diego
442:University of California, San Diego
27:Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences
13:
3241:Rory Carroll (February 20, 2013).
2355:
1280:"for discovering mutations in the
1121:University of California, Berkeley
873:Yale University School of Medicine
336:in tissue stem cells and cancer."
126:University of California, Berkeley
14:
4436:
3555:
3202:Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics
3229:
3171:
3156:
3133:
3120:
3093:
3082:
3068:
3057:
3043:
3030:
3008:
2996:
2983:
2964:
2951:
2929:
2914:
2884:
2872:
2857:
2835:
2820:
2801:
2786:
2764:
2749:
2730:
2715:
2685:
2670:
2648:
2633:
2614:
2599:
2577:
2565:
2550:
2531:
2516:
2490:
2478:
2463:
2441:
2426:
2399:
2386:
2364:
2349:
2323:
2311:
2296:
2270:
2255:
2228:
2216:
2201:
2179:
2164:
2138:
2123:
2101:
2086:
2060:
2045:
2014:
2002:
1987:
1961:
1949:
1934:
1908:
1896:
1881:
1862:
1847:
1825:
1810:
1783:
1768:
1746:
1731:
1712:
1697:
1671:
1659:
1644:
1618:
1603:
1568:
1556:
1541:
1515:
1500:
1474:
1459:
1437:
1422:
1392:
1377:
1350:
1335:
1309:
1294:
1268:
1253:
1230:
1215:
1193:
1178:
1150:
1135:
1105:
1090:
1067:
1052:
1026:
1011:
989:
974:
952:
937:
906:
894:
879:
853:
838:
812:
797:
775:
763:
748:
726:
711:
681:
666:
635:
620:
586:
571:
545:
530:
504:
489:
463:
448:
426:
414:
399:
373:
361:
346:
320:
305:
275:
260:
238:
226:
211:
189:
174:
3494:
3483:
2705:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2343:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2290:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2158:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2080:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2034:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1981:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1691:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1638:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1592:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1494:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1416:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1329:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1247:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
1125:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
651:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
520:Howard Hughes Medical Institute
79:breakthroughprizeinlifesciences
3458:
3433:
3408:
3353:
3323:
3293:
3260:
2030:UT Southwestern Medical Center
1080:Massachusetts General Hospital
791:Biozentrum University of Basel
701:as effective cancer therapy."
600:induced pluripotent stem cells
1:
3222:
2415:National Institutes of Health
1875:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
1535:Tokyo Institute of Technology
610:J. David Gladstone Institutes
299:Weill Cornell Medical College
3882:Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
2709:Marine Biological Laboratory
1408:Brigham and Women's Hospital
705:M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
332:"for describing the role of
139:
7:
3806:Supernova Cosmology Project
3195:
3184:National Institute on Aging
10:
4443:
4410:Awards established in 2013
2544:University of Pennsylvania
2510:University of Pennsylvania
2457:Scripps Research Institute
2244:University of Pennsylvania
1584:Baylor College of Medicine
168:
4045:
3698:
3605:
3331:"Breakthrough Prize 2015"
3301:"Breakthrough Prize 2014"
3104:
3022:
3019:
2940:
2906:
2846:
2775:
2696:
2664:
2588:
2501:
2420:
2249:
2039:
1836:
1804:
1682:
1597:
1588:Texas Children's Hospital
1371:
1288:University College London
1282:amyloid precursor protein
1204:
1172:
1116:
1037:
968:Joseph Fourier University
931:
660:
163:
157:
152:
73:
65:
57:
39:
31:
26:
2286:University of Washington
655:Johns Hopkins University
4300:Shankar Balasubramanian
4036:Alexander Zamolodchikov
3968:Peter van Nieuwenhuizen
3547:(subscription required)
3217:List of medicine awards
2627:University of Cambridge
2593:University of Cambridge
2558:Shankar Balasubramanian
2154:Yale School of Medicine
4314:Clifford P. Brangwynne
4147:Emmanuelle Charpentier
3212:List of biology awards
3110:University of Tübingen
3024:Vertex Pharmaceuticals
2678:Clifford P. Brangwynne
2076:Rockefeller University
1412:Harvard Medical School
1143:Emmanuelle Charpentier
1084:Harvard Medical School
1005:Rockefeller University
693:"for the discovery of
393:Rockefeller University
295:Harvard Medical School
287:"for the discovery of
205:Rockefeller University
45:; 11 years ago
43:February 20, 2013
3818:High-Z Supernova Team
3470:breakthroughprize.org
3445:breakthroughprize.org
3420:breakthroughprize.org
3395:breakthroughprize.org
3365:breakthroughprize.org
3341:on September 13, 2016
3335:breakthroughprize.org
3305:breakthroughprize.org
2901:University of Tsukuba
1841:Ionis Pharmaceuticals
4405:International awards
4257:Virginia Man-Yee Lee
4121:Alexander Varshavsky
3940:Jocelyn Bell Burnell
3838:and contributors to
3508:. September 14, 2023
2701:Princeton University
2209:Virginia Man-Yee Lee
1762:University of Oxford
887:Alexander Varshavsky
254:Princeton University
4241:Jeffrey M. Friedman
4131:Charles David Allis
3816:and members of the
3804:and members of the
3268:"Take that, Alfred"
2053:Jeffrey M. Friedman
1490:Stanford University
1243:Stanford University
920:protein degradation
565:Whitehead Institute
134:Stanford University
4334:Masashi Yanagisawa
4245:Franz-Ulrich Hartl
4175:Stephen J. Elledge
4127:Alim Louis Benabid
4014:Charles H. Bennett
3964:Daniel Z. Freedman
3914:Charles L. Bennett
3878:Arthur B. McDonald
3866:Kōichirō Nishikawa
3796:John Henry Schwarz
3786:Alexander Polyakov
3764:Michel Della Negra
3683:Daniel A. Spielman
3598:Breakthrough Prize
3534:The New York Times
3506:BREAKTHROUGH PRIZE
3311:on October 1, 2017
3064:Fredrick Van Goor
2865:Masashi Yanagisawa
2357:Yuk Ming Dennis Lo
2339:Harvard University
2094:Franz-Ulrich Hartl
1995:Zhijian James Chen
1977:Harvard University
1385:Stephen J. Elledge
945:Alim-Louis Benabid
538:Robert A. Weinberg
497:Charles L. Sawyers
340:Hubrecht Institute
92:Breakthrough Prize
4377:
4376:
4356:Fredrick Van Goor
4249:Arthur L. Horwich
4223:Adrian R. Krainer
4117:Richard P. Lifton
4075:Napoleone Ferrara
4055:Cornelia Bargmann
3904:Andrew Strominger
3900:Joseph Polchinski
3710:Nima Arkani-Hamed
3659:Vincent Lafforgue
3649:Christopher Hacon
3193:
3192:
2131:Arthur L. Horwich
1855:Adrian R. Krainer
1527:"for elucidating
846:Richard P. Lifton
407:Napoleone Ferrara
385:"for research on
182:Cornelia Bargmann
87:
86:
4432:
4368:Andrew Singleton
4318:Anthony A. Hyman
4288:Jeffery W. Kelly
4283:
4275:Richard J. Youle
4219:C. Frank Bennett
4213:Don W. Cleveland
4187:Yoshinori Ohsumi
4113:Robert S. Langer
4101:James P. Allison
4063:Lewis C. Cantley
4004:Hidetoshi Katori
3984:Jens H. Gundlach
3894:Super-Kamiokande
3776:Joseph Incandela
3760:Fabiola Gianotti
3722:Maxim Kontsevich
3677:Takuro Mochizuki
3619:Maxim Kontsevich
3591:
3584:
3577:
3568:
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3549:
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3428:
3426:
3412:
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3405:
3403:
3401:
3387:
3376:
3375:
3373:
3371:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3337:. Archived from
3327:
3321:
3320:
3318:
3316:
3307:. Archived from
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3255:
3253:
3238:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3164:Andrew Singleton
3160:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3124:
3099:
3097:
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3074:
3072:
3071:
3061:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3034:
3014:
3012:
3011:
3002:
3000:
2999:
2987:
2970:
2968:
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2955:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2918:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2878:
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2875:
2861:
2841:
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2824:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2790:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2753:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2723:Anthony A. Hyman
2719:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2674:
2654:
2652:
2651:
2637:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2603:
2583:
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2571:
2569:
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2554:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2520:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2467:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2434:Jeffery W. Kelly
2430:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2393:Richard J. Youle
2390:
2370:
2368:
2367:
2353:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2300:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2259:
2234:
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2222:
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2205:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2168:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2127:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2090:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2049:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2008:
2006:
2005:
1991:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1938:
1914:
1912:
1911:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1885:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1851:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1818:C. Frank Bennett
1814:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1776:Don W. Cleveland
1772:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1735:
1725:Kyoto University
1718:
1716:
1715:
1701:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1648:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1607:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1562:
1560:
1559:
1545:
1521:
1519:
1518:
1508:Yoshinori Ohsumi
1504:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1463:
1443:
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1426:
1398:
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1339:
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1234:
1233:
1219:
1199:
1197:
1196:
1186:Edward S. Boyden
1182:
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1139:
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1109:
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778:
769:
767:
766:
752:
742:Emory University
732:
730:
729:
715:
687:
685:
684:
674:James P. Allison
670:
641:
639:
638:
624:
606:Kyoto University
592:
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264:
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195:
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144:
143:
94:in Life Sciences
83:
80:
53:
51:
46:
24:
23:
4442:
4441:
4435:
4434:
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4431:
4430:
4429:
4400:Medicine awards
4390:Academic awards
4380:
4379:
4378:
4373:
4364:Ellen Sidransky
4344:Michel Sadelain
4330:Emmanuel Mignot
4304:David Klenerman
4277:
4267:Catherine Dulac
4179:Harry F. Noller
4157:Karl Deisseroth
4143:Jennifer Doudna
4109:Michael N. Hall
4095:Bert Vogelstein
4091:Shinya Yamanaka
4087:Robert Weinberg
4083:Charles Sawyers
4041:
4018:Gilles Brassard
3998:Steven Weinberg
3980:Eric Adelberger
3890:Yōichirō Suzuki
3802:Saul Perlmutter
3768:Tejinder Virdee
3752:Stephen Hawking
3701:
3694:
3615:Simon Donaldson
3601:
3595:
3558:
3553:
3552:
3546:
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3525:
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3251:
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3198:
3172:
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3166:
3134:
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3128:Ellen Sidransky
3094:
3092:
3069:
3067:
3044:
3042:
3009:
3007:
3006:
2997:
2995:
2965:
2963:
2959:Michel Sadelain
2930:
2928:
2924:
2899:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2873:
2871:
2867:
2836:
2834:
2830:
2828:Emmanuel Mignot
2802:
2800:
2796:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2707:
2703:
2686:
2684:
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2607:David Klenerman
2578:
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2491:
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2394:
2365:
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2359:
2341:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2304:Catherine Dulac
2288:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2217:
2215:
2211:
2180:
2178:
2174:
2156:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2078:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2032:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1979:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1950:
1948:
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1909:
1907:
1906:
1897:
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1492:
1475:
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1430:Harry F. Noller
1414:
1410:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1327:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1245:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1223:Karl Deisseroth
1194:
1192:
1188:
1167:Umeå University
1165:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1127:
1123:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1098:Jennifer Doudna
1082:
1068:
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1027:
1025:
1021:
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988:
984:
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951:
947:
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889:
854:
852:
848:
813:
811:
807:
776:
774:
773:
764:
762:
758:
756:Michael N. Hall
727:
725:
721:
682:
680:
676:
653:
636:
634:
630:
628:Bert Vogelstein
612:
608:
587:
585:
581:
579:Shinya Yamanaka
563:
546:
544:
540:
522:
505:
503:
499:
483:Broad Institute
481:
464:
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458:
427:
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424:
415:
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409:
374:
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239:
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98:Mark Zuckerberg
77:
49:
47:
44:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4440:
4439:
4428:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4415:Life extension
4412:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4395:Biology awards
4392:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4352:Paul Negulescu
4337:
4322:Demis Hassabis
4311:
4292:Katalin Karikó
4285:
4260:
4238:
4231:Xiaowei Zhuang
4216:
4205:Kazutoshi Mori
4194:
4172:
4150:
4124:
4098:
4071:Titia de Lange
4059:David Botstein
4051:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4029:
4011:
4001:
3991:
3977:
3971:
3960:Sergio Ferrara
3953:
3943:
3933:
3926:Lyman Page Jr.
3922:Norman Jarosik
3911:
3897:
3886:Takaaki Kajita
3843:
3842:project (2016)
3821:
3799:
3789:
3783:
3745:
3734:Nathan Seiberg
3730:Juan Maldacena
3706:
3704:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3692:
3686:
3680:
3674:
3668:
3662:
3656:
3653:James McKernan
3646:
3640:
3634:
3631:Richard Taylor
3611:
3609:
3603:
3602:
3594:
3593:
3586:
3579:
3571:
3565:
3564:
3557:
3556:External links
3554:
3551:
3550:
3519:
3493:
3490:Laureates 2023
3482:
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3432:
3407:
3377:
3352:
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3227:
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3179:United Kingdom
3168:
3161:
3153:
3152:
3143:
3130:
3125:
3117:
3116:
3106:
3103:
3090:
3089:Thomas Gasser
3087:
3079:
3078:
3065:
3062:
3054:
3053:
3040:
3038:Paul Negulescu
3035:
3027:
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2772:United Kingdom
2761:
2757:Demis Hassabis
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2738:United Kingdom
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2500:
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2471:Katalin Karikó
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1984:
1983:
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1942:Xiaowei Zhuang
1939:
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1754:United Kingdom
1743:
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1728:
1727:
1722:
1709:
1705:Kazutoshi Mori
1702:
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982:C. David Allis
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155:(birth/death)
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102:Priscilla Chan
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4360:Thomas Gasser
4357:
4353:
4349:
4348:Sabine Hadida
4345:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4305:
4301:
4297:
4296:Drew Weissman
4293:
4289:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4272:
4268:
4264:
4261:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4239:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4227:Angelika Amon
4224:
4220:
4217:
4214:
4210:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4183:Roeland Nusse
4180:
4176:
4173:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4158:
4154:
4153:Edward Boyden
4151:
4148:
4144:
4140:
4136:
4135:Victor Ambros
4132:
4128:
4125:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4105:Mahlon DeLong
4102:
4099:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4076:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4060:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4048:
4047:Life sciences
4044:
4037:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4026:Peter W. Shor
4023:
4022:David Deutsch
4019:
4015:
4012:
4009:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3995:
3992:
3989:
3988:Blayne Heckel
3985:
3981:
3978:
3975:
3972:
3969:
3965:
3961:
3957:
3954:
3951:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3937:
3934:
3931:
3930:David Spergel
3927:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3898:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3858:Atsuto Suzuki
3855:
3854:Daya Bay team
3851:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3829:
3828:Ronald Drever
3825:
3822:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3810:Brian Schmidt
3807:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3793:
3792:Michael Green
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3777:
3773:
3772:Guido Tonelli
3769:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3749:
3746:
3743:
3742:Edward Witten
3739:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3718:Alexei Kitaev
3715:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3703:
3697:
3690:
3689:Simon Brendle
3687:
3684:
3681:
3678:
3675:
3672:
3671:Martin Hairer
3669:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3657:
3654:
3650:
3647:
3644:
3643:Jean Bourgain
3641:
3638:
3635:
3632:
3628:
3624:
3620:
3616:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3599:
3592:
3587:
3585:
3580:
3578:
3573:
3572:
3569:
3563:
3560:
3559:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3523:
3512:September 14,
3507:
3503:
3497:
3491:
3486:
3471:
3467:
3461:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3421:
3417:
3411:
3396:
3392:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3366:
3362:
3356:
3340:
3336:
3332:
3326:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3272:The Economist
3269:
3263:
3248:
3244:
3237:
3235:
3233:
3228:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3169:
3165:
3162:
3159:
3155:
3154:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3141:United States
3131:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3119:
3118:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3102:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3080:
3077:
3076:United States
3066:
3063:
3060:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3051:United States
3041:
3039:
3036:
3033:
3029:
3028:
3025:
3017:
3016:United States
3005:
2994:
2992:
2991:Sabine Hadida
2989:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2954:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2943:
2938:
2937:United States
2927:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2905:
2902:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2892:United States
2881:
2870:
2866:
2860:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2844:
2843:United States
2833:
2829:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2809:United States
2799:
2795:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2773:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2694:
2693:United States
2683:
2679:
2673:
2669:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2646:
2642:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2612:
2608:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2586:
2574:
2563:
2559:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2539:United States
2529:
2525:
2524:Drew Weissman
2519:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2499:
2498:United States
2487:
2476:
2472:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2449:United States
2439:
2435:
2429:
2425:
2423:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2407:United States
2397:
2389:
2385:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2331:United States
2320:
2309:
2305:
2299:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2278:United States
2268:
2264:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2248:
2245:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2236:United States
2225:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2187:United States
2177:
2173:
2167:
2163:
2162:
2159:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2146:United States
2136:
2132:
2126:
2122:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2085:
2084:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2068:United States
2058:
2054:
2048:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2022:United States
2011:
2000:
1996:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1969:United States
1958:
1947:
1943:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1917:
1916:United States
1905:
1894:
1890:
1889:Angelika Amon
1884:
1880:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1870:United States
1860:
1856:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1834:
1833:United States
1823:
1819:
1813:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1791:United States
1781:
1777:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1710:
1706:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1680:
1679:United States
1668:
1657:
1653:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1626:United States
1616:
1612:
1606:
1602:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1576:United States
1565:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1524:
1513:
1509:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1495:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1472:
1468:
1467:Roeland Nusse
1462:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1445:United States
1435:
1431:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1400:United States
1390:
1386:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1359:
1348:
1344:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1317:United States
1307:
1303:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1279:
1277:
1266:
1262:
1256:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1238:United States
1228:
1224:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1201:United States
1191:
1187:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1134:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1119:
1114:
1113:United States
1103:
1099:
1093:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1075:United States
1065:
1061:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1035:
1034:United States
1024:
1020:
1019:Victor Ambros
1014:
1010:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
998:
997:United States
987:
983:
977:
973:
972:
969:
966:
963:
961:
950:
946:
940:
936:
934:
930:
927:
924:
921:
917:
915:
914:United States
903:
892:
888:
882:
878:
877:
874:
871:
868:
864:
862:
861:United States
851:
847:
841:
837:
836:
833:
830:
827:
823:
821:
820:United States
810:
806:
805:Robert Langer
800:
796:
795:
792:
789:
786:
784:
783:United States
772:
761:
757:
751:
747:
746:
743:
740:
737:
735:
734:United States
724:
720:
719:Mahlon DeLong
714:
710:
709:
706:
703:
700:
696:
692:
690:
689:United States
679:
675:
669:
665:
663:
659:
656:
652:
649:
646:
644:
643:United States
633:
629:
623:
619:
618:
615:
611:
607:
604:
601:
597:
595:
584:
580:
574:
570:
569:
566:
562:
559:
556:
554:
553:United States
543:
539:
533:
529:
528:
525:
521:
518:
515:
513:
512:United States
502:
498:
492:
488:
487:
484:
480:
477:
474:
472:
471:United States
461:
457:
451:
447:
446:
443:
440:
437:
435:
434:United States
423:
412:
408:
402:
398:
397:
394:
391:
388:
384:
382:
381:United States
370:
359:
355:
349:
345:
344:
341:
338:
335:
334:Wnt signaling
331:
329:
318:
314:
311:
308:
304:
303:
300:
296:
293:
290:
286:
284:
283:United States
273:
269:
263:
259:
258:
255:
252:
249:
247:
246:United States
235:
224:
220:
214:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
198:
197:United States
187:
183:
177:
173:
171:
167:
160:
149:
146:
145:
137:
135:
131:
127:
121:
119:
115:
114:Anne Wojcicki
111:
107:
104:of Facebook;
103:
99:
95:
93:
82:
76:
72:
68:
66:First awarded
64:
60:
56:
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
19:
4308:Pascal Mayer
4253:David Julius
4235:Zhijian Chen
4201:Peter Walter
4197:Joanne Chory
4169:Svante Pääbo
4067:Hans Clevers
4046:
3993:
3955:
3946:Charles Kane
3935:
3918:Gary Hinshaw
3836:Rainer Weiss
3823:
3782:(LHC) (2013)
3747:
3726:Andrei Linde
3562:BPLS website
3538:. Retrieved
3532:
3522:
3510:. Retrieved
3505:
3496:
3485:
3473:. Retrieved
3469:
3460:
3448:. Retrieved
3444:
3435:
3423:. Retrieved
3419:
3410:
3398:. Retrieved
3394:
3368:. Retrieved
3364:
3355:
3345:November 24,
3343:. Retrieved
3339:the original
3334:
3325:
3313:. Retrieved
3309:the original
3304:
3295:
3283:. Retrieved
3271:
3262:
3252:February 20,
3250:. Retrieved
3247:The Guardian
3246:
2922:Carl H. June
2910:
2907:
2665:
2641:Pascal Mayer
2421:
2250:
2172:David Julius
2040:
1892:(1967–2020)
1805:
1652:Peter Walter
1611:Joanne Chory
1598:
1372:
1343:Svante Pääbo
1173:
985:(1951–2023)
932:
867:hypertension
826:biomaterials
768:
661:
313:Hans Clevers
231:
169:
164:Affiliation
122:
90:
88:
18:
4425:Yuri Milner
4326:John Jumper
4278: [
4263:David Baker
4209:Kim Nasmyth
4191:Huda Zoghbi
4165:Helen Hobbs
4139:Gary Ruvkun
4079:Eric Lander
3950:Eugene Mele
3908:Cumrun Vafa
3896:team (2016)
3850:Kam-Biu Luk
3846:Yifang Wang
3756:Peter Jenni
3700:Fundamental
3627:Terence Tao
3623:Jacob Lurie
3607:Mathematics
3540:October 15,
3475:October 15,
3450:October 15,
3425:October 15,
3400:October 15,
3370:October 15,
2794:John Jumper
2660:Alphanosos
2263:David Baker
1739:Kim Nasmyth
1549:Huda Zoghbi
1482:Netherlands
1302:Helen Hobbs
1060:Gary Ruvkun
771:Switzerland
697:checkpoint
369:Netherlands
328:Netherlands
289:PI 3-Kinase
234:Switzerland
110:Yuri Milner
106:Sergey Brin
61:$ 3 million
32:Awarded for
4384:Categories
4161:John Hardy
4032:John Cardy
3832:Kip Thorne
3814:Adam Riess
3778:(CMS) and
3738:Ashoke Sen
3665:Alex Eskin
3315:October 2,
3223:References
3167:(b. 1972)
2925:(b. 1953)
2868:(b. 1960)
2831:(b. 1959)
2760:(b. 1976)
2726:(b. 1962)
2644:(b. 1963)
2610:(b. 1959)
2561:(b. 1966)
2527:(b. 1958)
2474:(b. 1955)
2437:(b. 1960)
2395:(b. 1952)
2360:(b. 1963)
2307:(b. 1963)
2266:(b. 1962)
2212:(b. 1945)
2175:(b. 1955)
2134:(b. 1951)
2097:(b. 1957)
2056:(b. 1954)
1998:(b. 1966)
1945:(b. 1972)
1922:aneuploidy
1858:(b. 1958)
1821:(b. 1960)
1779:(b. 1950)
1742:(b. 1952)
1708:(b. 1958)
1655:(b. 1954)
1614:(b. 1955)
1552:(b. 1954)
1511:(b. 1945)
1470:(b. 1950)
1433:(b. 1939)
1388:(b. 1956)
1346:(b. 1955)
1305:(b. 1952)
1264:(b. 1954)
1261:John Hardy
1226:(b. 1971)
1189:(b. 1979)
1146:(b. 1968)
1101:(b. 1964)
1063:(b. 1952)
1022:(b. 1953)
948:(b. 1942)
890:(b. 1946)
849:(b. 1953)
808:(b. 1948)
759:(b. 1953)
722:(b. 1938)
677:(b. 1948)
631:(b. 1949)
582:(b. 1962)
541:(b. 1942)
500:(b. 1959)
459:(b. 1957)
410:(b. 1956)
357:(b. 1955)
316:(b. 1957)
271:(b. 1949)
222:(b. 1942)
185:(b. 1961)
161:Rationale
50:2013-02-20
4340:Carl June
4271:Dennis Lo
3780:Lyn Evans
3762:(ATLAS),
3714:Alan Guth
3600:laureates
3280:0013-0613
2372:Hong Kong
1529:autophagy
1040:microRNAs
387:telomeres
150:Portrait
140:Laureates
58:Reward(s)
3892:and the
3880:and the
3868:and the
3860:and the
3852:and the
3637:Ian Agol
3285:July 10,
3196:See also
2814:DeepMind
2780:DeepMind
2506:BioNTech
699:blockade
158:Country
153:Laureate
3994:Special
3956:Special
3936:Special
3862:KamLAND
3824:Special
3748:Special
3702:physics
3101:Germany
2797:(b. -)
2681:(b. -)
2486:Hungary
2109:Germany
1904:Austria
1667:Germany
1564:Lebanon
926:Caltech
118:23andMe
74:Website
48: (
4370:(2024)
4336:(2023)
4310:(2022)
4284:(2021)
4259:(2020)
4237:(2019)
4215:(2018)
4193:(2017)
4171:(2016)
4149:(2015)
4123:(2014)
4097:(2013)
4038:(2024)
4028:(2023)
4010:(2022)
4008:Jun Ye
4000:(2021)
3990:(2021)
3976:(2020)
3970:(2019)
3952:(2019)
3942:(2018)
3932:(2018)
3910:(2017)
3884:team,
3876:team,
3864:team,
3820:(2015)
3798:(2014)
3788:(2013)
3744:(2012)
3691:(2024)
3685:(2023)
3679:(2022)
3673:(2021)
3667:(2020)
3661:(2019)
3655:(2018)
3645:(2017)
3639:(2016)
3633:(2015)
3278:
3176:
3138:
3098:
3073:
3048:
3013:
3001:
2972:France
2969:
2934:
2889:
2877:
2840:
2806:
2769:
2735:
2690:
2656:France
2653:
2619:
2582:
2570:
2536:
2495:
2483:
2446:
2404:
2369:
2328:
2319:France
2316:
2275:
2233:
2221:
2184:
2143:
2106:
2065:
2019:
2007:
1966:
1954:
1913:
1901:
1867:
1830:
1788:
1751:
1717:
1676:
1664:
1623:
1573:
1561:
1520:
1479:
1442:
1397:
1358:Sweden
1355:
1314:
1273:
1235:
1198:
1158:France
1155:
1110:
1072:
1031:
994:
960:France
957:
911:
902:Russia
899:
858:
817:
780:
731:
695:T cell
686:
640:
591:
550:
509:
468:
431:
419:
378:
366:
325:
280:
243:
194:
132:, and
112:; and
4282:]
3004:Spain
2880:Japan
2573:India
2224:China
2010:China
1957:China
1720:Japan
1523:Japan
598:"for
594:Japan
422:Italy
147:Year
21:Award
4366:and
4306:and
4221:and
4167:and
4145:and
4119:and
4093:and
4034:and
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