1023:. During this period "blocos de carnaval"(groups of black individuals from the favelas, hillside slums, who came together to dance and sing samba during carnaval time) were being targeted by police for causing too much agitation with their performances. By creating organized institutions these people were able to find solace and protection in this newly legitimized practice. These samba schools gave many living in the slums a purpose in life, furthering the genre and dance's importance to many Brazilians. They transformed the musical genre to make it fit better the carnival parade. In this decade, the radio spread the genre's popularity all around the country. The song Pelo Telefone by Donga and Mauro de Almeida is the first song to really skyrocket Samba's appeal and acclaim in Brazil. The nationalist and populist dictatorship of
496:
659:
584:
1049:
1120:
624:
26:
436:
550:
3367:
3892:
813:
1194:, at the Sambodrome in Rio and São Paulo have become the center of national and international attention. Until 2017, fans of the samba schools on parade also expected to watch a short preview of the performances of the schools involved to be broadcast during the duration of the event. By 2018 lyric video style adverts appeared in their place, complete with the colours of the competing schools in attendance, featuring the lyrics of the songs to be performed by the schools.
1040:. In the sixties, Brazil was politically divided, and the leftist musicians of bossa nova started to draw attention to the music made in the favelas. Many popular artists were discovered at this time. Names like Cartola, Nelson Cavaquinho, Velha Guarda da Portela, Zé Keti, and Clementina de Jesus recorded their first albums. In the seventies, the samba got back to radio. Composers and singers like Martinho da Vila, Clara Nunes, and Beth Carvalho dominated the hit parade.
736:
1003:
1015:
slavery, many immigrated to Rio de
Janeiro in order to start a new life. The hillside neighbourhoods known as "Little Africa" were where samba flourished. Despite much initial distaste for the genre from the Brazilian government and those of high social class (who were striving for a more European culture), "sambistas" continued playing, singing, and dancing the samba. From intimate samba-canções (samba songs) sung in bars to explosive drum
3878:
639:. They also worship the gods of Candomblé, called orixás. An Electric Trio is characterized by a truck equipped with giant speakers and a platform where musicians play songs of local genres such as axé. People follow the trucks singing and dancing. The "Amerindian" groups were inspired by Western movies from the United States. The groups dress up as Native Americans and take on Native American names. Blocos Afros, or
1247:
479:
Janeiro, but in São Paulo and several other cities) are the cultural epicenter of the
Brazilian carnival, in terms of the "parading style". The first registered samba-school was called "Deixa-falar", but disappeared later and the first official samba-school contest happened in 1929, with only three groups, and "Oswaldo Cruz" group won the competition, with a samba written by Heitor dos Prazeres.
954:
565:
divided into seven divisions, in which a single school is declared the winner, according to ten judging categories that include costume, flow, theme, and band music quality and performance. Some samba schools also hold street parties in their neighborhoods, through which they parade along with their followers.
902:
happened in 1897, even before the inauguration of the city. Still, for decades the carnival in the city was not as popular as in historical cities. Only in the 2010s the situation has changed, and the carnival started gaining increasing popularity. In 2017, Belo
Horizonte had the largest carnival in
371:
Brazilian carnival in essence is a synthesis of
European, Native American, and Afro-Brazilian cultural influences, each group has played an important role in the development of the structure and aesthetic of the Brazilian carnival of today. For instance, the main rhythms used in carnival celebrations
1197:
Globo acquired also the rights to air the parade of samba schools of São Paulo in 1990, and victory parades there were later aired in other local TV channels. Parades belonging to the Access Group (5th
Division) and the B Series schools in Rio were also broadcast on several TV stations and are still
649:
Today, Bahia's carnival consists mostly of Trios Elétricos, but there are still Blocos Afros and Afoxês. Every year, about half a million tourists are attracted to
Salvador. It is also possible to watch everything from the Camarotes (ringside seats) spread out along the way, offering more comfort to
568:
All performers at the
Sambadrome have to wear a costume. Some honored members of the school or community may receive one for free, but normally, most will have to pay for their own. Tourists can have the same experience on the "Commercial Area" of some Samba Schools but need to buy their own costume
536:, and in downtown Rio. Organizers often compose their own music themes that are added to the performance and singing of classic "marchinhas" and samba popular songs. "Cordão do bola preta" ("Polka Dot Bloco"), that goes through the heart of Rio's historical center, and "Suvaco do Cristo" ('Armpit of
478:
are generally associated with particular neighbourhoods; they include both a percussion or music group and an entourage of revelers. They eventually became the "fathers" of what everyone today knows as the famous and internationally renowned samba-schools in Brazil. Samba-schools (not only in Rio de
1202:
and NGT aired the parades of the lower-level schools). Since 2014, Globo also has full rights to the A Series (Rio) and
Paulista parades, which were co-shared with the Viva Channel before its closure in 2015 (which aired lower-level parades and the victory parades of the two cities' winning schools
1093:
The frevo music came first, which is carnival music played by brass or wind marching bands combined with parts of the samba school drumline. By the end of the 19th century, bands from the
Brazilian Army regiments based in the city of Recife started a tradition of parading during the Carnival. Since
491:
Samba School, the greatest winner of Rio's
Carnival with 22 Titles. Although many Brazilians tend now to favor other forms of national music culture to that of Rio's samba schools, the carnival of Rio de Janeiro remains the national festival par excellence, and the samba of Rio de Janeiro continues
209:
and has become an event of huge proportions. Except for industrial production, retail establishments such as malls, and carnival-related businesses, the country unifies completely for almost a week and festivities are intense, day and night, mainly in coastal cities. Rio de Janeiro's carnival alone
1171:, which brought the Rio celebrations live, bringing the celebrations to more people all over the nation. By the 1970s, color broadcasting and satellite transmissions made the broadcasts to be beamed to other parts of the nation in real-time, by then featuring the top schools under, since 1984 the
1031:
In the following years, samba has developed in several directions, from the gentle samba-canção to the drum orchestras which make the soundtrack of carnival parade. One of these new styles was bossa nova, a musical movement initially spearheaded by young musicians and college students from Rio de
1135:
began her rise to stardom in Rio and São Paulo, anything coming from Salvador would be labeled Axé Music. Soon, the artists became oblivious to the derogatory origins of the term and started taking advantage of it. With the media pushing it forward, the soundtrack of Carnival in Salvador quickly
564:
are very small groups of performers, financed by respected organizations (as well as legal gambling groups), who work year-round in preparation for Carnival. Samba Schools perform in the Sambadrome, which runs four entire nights and is overseen by LIESA. They are part of an official competition,
1014:
The samba is still one of the most popular music styles in Brazil despite its extensive history. Its origins can be traced back to the 19th century in Salvador, Bahia which had strong links with western Africa and a contained a large black slave and ex-slave population. After the abolition of
380:
to create melodies and arrangements, also the fantasies and costumes in the Brazilian carnival borrow concepts from the clothing of the Native American populations, in the use of feathers and the tendency to use lighter pieces. Religious cultural references are also common in Rio's carnival,
1344:
Carnival is, without a doubt, the biggest national festivity in Brazil. For five days each year, the entire country unites in one big street party, where everyone is invited. But Carnival is not only a big part of the country's culture, it is also an important event for the Brazilian
412:, when the 2021 festival was cancelled. The next festival was scheduled from 26 of February - 2 of March 2022, depending on the evolution of the epidemiological situation in the country. The Carnival celebrations finally returned on February 19, 2023 after 2 years in hiatus, but
2150:
2291:
1102:
marches and martial music, as well. A couple of regiments had famous bands that attracted many followers and it was just a matter of time to people start to compare one to another and cheer for their favorite bands. The two most famous bands were the
393:, at the time Brazilian Minister of External Relations. The mayor of Rio reportedly postponed all licenses for the Carnival associations, but despite this many residents still partied in the streets anyway. The Carnival went on as scheduled despite
768:", huge vehicles decorated according to the theme designed specifically for the parade. The schools are responsible for choosing their own themes, which usually revolve around historical happenings or some sort of cultural or political movement.
2142:
800:
are performed one week before Carnival, more precisely in Sambão do Povo. The schools are responsible for choosing their own themes, which usually revolve around historical happenings or some sort of cultural or political movement.
832:
with varying themes and costume styles, typically accompanied by a brass and drums band. The carnival has been heavily influenced by the Rio de Janeiro Carnival, and several cities hold parades with samba schools. More recently,
1207:
display the gaucho parades in the south. The Rio parade can also be heard on radio and seen via online streaming as well (thru TVG Rio and from 2015 in G1, which offers an online live streaming of the victory parade). In 2023,
1600:
776:
is the oldest school and has been the Special Group champion most times (15 total, including the 2015 championship). It also is the most popular, for it has a larger fan base and many supporters among the people of the city.
1027:
used samba (inspired by the ideas of Gilberto Freyre) in creating a homogenous national culture, and many samba songs broadcast on the radio were censored to ensure the regime's nationalist messages were being diffused.
2283:
1663:
2236:
da Cunha, Fabiana Lopes. "Samba Locations: An Analysis on the Carioca Samba, Identities, and Intangible Heritage (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)." In Latin American Heritage, Cham: Springer International Publishing, n.d:
646:, were influenced by the Black Pride Movement in the United States, independence movements in Africa, and reggae music that denounced racism and oppression. The groups inspired a renewed pride in African heritage.
1562:
2011:
3158:
1985:
903:
its history and the third-largest in Brazil. There were more than three million people on the streets, with about 500,000 tourists. The Baianas Ozadas block hit a record audience of 500,000 people.
1019:
performed during carnival, samba always evokes a warm and vibrant mood. In the 1930s, a group of musicians led by Ismael Silva founded in the neighborhood of Estácio de Sá the first samba school,
781:
1933:
1633:
909:
had one of the three largest carnivals in Brazil in the 1980s. But it has been steadily losing popularity. A deadlock between the league of local samba schools (LIESJUF) and the municipality's
635:
By the 1970s, four main types of carnival groups developed in Bahia: Afoxês, Trios Elétricos, "Amerindian" groups, and Blocos Afros. Afoxês use the rhythms of the African inspired religion,
2120:
1139:
Tested within the height of Carnival heat, Axé songs have been commercially successful in Brazil throughout the past decade. The year 1998 was particularly fortunate for the artists from
3165:
1689:
1805:
1592:
3144:
1427:
1180:
3151:
2037:
804:
More than the traditional school parade, the carnival in Espirito Santos includes a large set of attractions, especially in the beach areas of the state, from north to south.
764:
Various "samba schools" compete in a huge parade. Each school presents a different theme, which they expose through their costumes, dance, music, and the allegorical cars or "
229:
island, a territory which already celebrated emphatically its carnival season, and where they were loaded with goods but also people and their ludic and cultural expressions.
194:, the forty-day period before Easter. During Lent, Roman Catholics and some other Christians traditionally abstained from the consumption of meat and poultry, hence the term "
3177:
1655:
1090:
will make listeners and dancers to feel as they are boiling on the ground. The word frevo is normally used interchangeably either to mean the frevo music or the frevo dance.
2974:
2284:"Brazilian frevo dance is inscribed on the UNESCO List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization"
1719:
1570:
3185:
1441:
Undoubtedly, Carnival is the country's most famous gathering. Throughout many of Brazil's metropolises, Carnival brings an energy that is unrivaled across the globe.
1367:
710:
is Pernambucan-style dance with African and acrobatic influences, as it is fast and electrifying, often using an open umbrella and frequent legs and arms movements.
620:
styles: the "samba-enredo", the "samba de bloco", the "samba de embalo", the "funk-samba", as well as the famous "marchinhas" played by the "bandas" in the streets.
2007:
1172:
879:
is popular among college students. The city has a large proportion of students, who during the year live in places called Repúblicas (a Brazilian equivalent to a
1981:
3923:
2063:
3302:
2512:
1623:
2086:
1136:
spread over the country (through off-season Carnival shindigs), strengthening its industrial potentials and producing year-round hits along the 90s.
784:
formed its own Carnival group to provide the message of inclusion, peace, and respect for all LGBT people. In 2020, São Paulo Carnival has featured
717:
and Rio, the festivities in Recife, Olinda and Itamaraca do not include group competitions. Instead, groups dance and play instruments side by side.
2227:
Alison Raphael. “From Popular Culture to Microenterprise: The History of Brazilian Samba Schools.” Latin American music review 11, no. 1 (1990): 76.
2218:
Alison Raphael. “From Popular Culture to Microenterprise: The History of Brazilian Samba Schools.” Latin American music review 11, no. 1 (1990): 74.
1902:
612:
and Carnival in Rio de Janeiro. The musical styles are different at each carnival; in Bahia there are many rhythms, including samba, samba-reggae,
2112:
1510:
1454:
785:
1685:
1813:
3552:
3431:
3381:
1959:
2959:
2365:
1258:; Since 1984, Rio de Janeiro is twinned with the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife for the special link between the Carnival of Rio and the
1419:
941:
hosts modest carnival celebrations similar to those of other Brazilian cities and events such as Curitiba Rock Festival and a carnival
277:
have organized groups parading through streets, and public interacts directly with them. It is a six-day party where crowds follow the
1330:
1111:, from the 14th regiment. The bands started to compete with each other and also started playing faster and faster, louder and louder.
1397:
516:("Street Blocks") occur in nearly every neighborhood throughout the city and metropolitan areas, but the most famous are the ones in
2033:
1711:
540:', referring to the angle of the statue seen from the neighborhood), near the Botanical Garden, are some of the most famous groups.
2317:
2260:
1532:
761:
on the Friday and Saturday night of the week of Carnival, as opposed to Rio's Carnival, which is held on Sunday and Monday night.
356:, incorporating and adapting many cultural influences, from the percussion beats of Africa to the military fanfares of Europe and
3295:
2468:
480:
413:
2663:
2618:
1300:
487:, and Estácio de Sá samba School, represented by Ismael Silva, were the other 2 contestants. Eventually, "Oswaldo Cruz" became
2984:
1874:
495:
467:. These were pageant groups that paraded through city avenues performing on instruments and dancing. Today they are known as
2343:
891:
coming from all over the country. The city hills, narrow streets, and stone pavement prevent traffic of heavy sound trucks.
390:
2653:
2542:
1835:
2761:
1359:
937:
have smaller samba school groups or blocos, but like São Paulo state towns, they seem to prefer balls to street dancing.
3680:
3545:
3288:
1259:
972:
701:
3726:
1203:
for the year) and regionally, RBS airs the Carnivals of Florianopólis and Porto Alegre, and since 2015, cable channel
533:
2209:
Barke, Michael, Tony Escasany, and Greg O’Hare. “Samba: A Metaphor for Rio’s Favelas?” Cities 18, no. 4 (2001): 260.
2200:
Barke, Michael, Tony Escasany, and Greg O’Hare. “Samba: A Metaphor for Rio’s Favelas?” Cities 18, no. 4 (2001): 260.
837:
groups from Bahia come to play in the state. The most traditional carnival parades happen in the historic cities of
2845:
2603:
2395:
2246:
Shaw, Lisa. “São Coisas Nossas: Samba and Identity in the Vargas Era (1930-45).” Portuguese studies 14 (1998): 157.
2179:
3930:
3617:
2537:
1784:
1744:, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro 1995, trans. Chasteen J, University of North Carolina Press 1999. p.107.
402:
914:
658:
3012:
2596:
2059:
945:, all supported by Cultural Foundation of Curitiba which operates under supervision of government of Curitiba.
3125:
583:
474:(blocks), consisting of a group of people who dress in costumes or special T-shirts with themes and/or logos.
3622:
3212:
3207:
3120:
2802:
2497:
237:
Rhythm, participation, and costumes vary from one region of Brazil to another. In the southeastern cities of
913:(Funalfa) prevented parades in the city since 2016. As a temporary solution, the parades have been held at
3785:
3702:
3670:
3072:
2860:
2709:
2502:
1533:"Carnaval da Madeira poderá ter influenciado festividades no Brasil | Sociedade | Diário Digital"
797:
537:
246:
1458:
218:
4202:
3490:
2949:
2756:
2729:
2719:
2704:
2623:
2461:
2441:
2090:
880:
517:
409:
1894:
1219:
since the early 2000s, and Band also holds broadcast rights for the victory parade. Both fall under the
4207:
3780:
3610:
3605:
3067:
2897:
2812:
2797:
1506:
1187:
broadcast the event on several occasions and mounted a joint broadcast with Globo for the 1987 event.
1119:
975:, the parades start at 20:00 or 21:00 (depending on the date) and end around 5:00 in the morning. The
3792:
3627:
3138:
3092:
3082:
2822:
2746:
2633:
2613:
2532:
1762:
892:
623:
2883:
2643:
2579:
2522:
850:
317:
305:
25:
3758:
1231:. Since 2008, Globo also has its own broadcast team and crew for the broadcasts of the late night
748:
4171:
3411:
3334:
3190:
2969:
2113:"Carnaval de Curitiba abre espaço para o rock e zumbis – Notícia – Fundação Cultural de Curitiba"
997:
500:
1656:"Global Covid report: Rio cancels Carnival for first time in a century as global deaths near 1m"
1048:
435:
210:
drew 6 million people in 2018, with 1.5 million being travelers from inside and outside Brazil.
3588:
3540:
2979:
2929:
2807:
2751:
2714:
2694:
2689:
2454:
1955:
1593:"Carnaval de Belo Horizonte terá público recorde, menos recurso e mais restrições – 23/01/2016"
1251:
699:
is the biggest carnival parade in the world, considering the number of participants, according
488:
3980:
2369:
1925:
3845:
3721:
3473:
3468:
3406:
3017:
2944:
2792:
2724:
2591:
1480:
846:
842:
529:
408:
The first disruption to the Carnival in 108 years took place in late September 2020 amid the
3775:
3102:
3047:
2919:
2914:
2569:
2281:
1322:
1037:
976:
884:
3535:
1389:
8:
3797:
3498:
3401:
3354:
3329:
3087:
3062:
2954:
2934:
2875:
2766:
2736:
2699:
2586:
2552:
1867:
Revolt of the Saints: Memory and Redemption in the Twilight of Brazilian Racial Democracy
1152:
609:
456:
182:
170:
2313:
2256:
1540:
3882:
3829:
3632:
3600:
3463:
3394:
3202:
3130:
3112:
3077:
2909:
2855:
2827:
2677:
2658:
1167:
The Brazilian Carnival Parades were first broadcast in the late 1960s on television on
758:
1074:, Brazil, all of which are traditionally associated with Brazilian Carnival. The word
788:, the first transgender woman to lead a samba school in any Carnival event in Brazil.
587:
Circuit Barra-Ondina, the most famous line of Brazil where attractions sing above the
4058:
3992:
3768:
3741:
3696:
3557:
3458:
3389:
3255:
3248:
3042:
3004:
2865:
2780:
2638:
2608:
2574:
2489:
2481:
1870:
1232:
1216:
1209:
910:
695:
357:
253:. Those official parades are meant to be watched by the public, while minor parades (
58:
3480:
3453:
2850:
1292:
1024:
895:, the oldest carnival block in Brazil with more than 150 years, parade in the city.
727:, mostly of African influence, begin one week before Carnival and end a week later.
4136:
4105:
4100:
4095:
3975:
3685:
3650:
3503:
3485:
3436:
3037:
3032:
2939:
2832:
2817:
2517:
1628:
549:
463:(literally "coconut dance" an Afro-Brazilian dance troupe form) were introduced in
3366:
2989:
1033:
930:
706:
It means "dawn's rooster" and parades, as the name suggests, in the morning only.
589:
278:
4120:
4115:
4090:
3997:
3763:
3520:
3510:
3448:
3264:
3197:
3097:
3057:
2994:
2924:
2507:
2339:
1132:
1124:
714:
628:
594:
578:
546:
has become so famous that it plays all year round at parties and small concerts.
270:
3891:
1223:
brand. This is also the case for SBT which also broadcasts the events under the
372:
were developed by Afro-Brazilians and make use of European instruments like the
4048:
3916:
3441:
3424:
2837:
2648:
2282:
Source: UNESCO Office in Brasilia UNESCO Office in Brasilia (7 December 2012).
2008:"Liga das escolas de samba cancela desfile competitivo de 2018 em Juiz de Fora"
1144:
1007:
899:
854:
553:
464:
349:
258:
238:
870:
812:
4196:
4181:
4141:
4110:
4023:
3822:
3419:
3269:
3022:
2741:
1184:
1148:
883:). During carnival, the Repúblicas turn to affordable accommodation for both
780:
It is considered the most LGBTQ+ friendly Carnival in Brazil. In 2017, the
187:
153:
3675:
3280:
1843:
1055:
dancers. The Frevo was included on the UNESCO's list of intangible heritage.
958:
4176:
4146:
4033:
4002:
3987:
3896:
3753:
3525:
2564:
934:
906:
858:
821:
643:
569:
from the school, or through an agent, either of which can be quite costly.
561:
430:
398:
337:
309:
274:
250:
211:
3812:
3217:
1156:
834:
754:
740:
636:
345:
242:
4018:
3564:
3052:
2433:
1199:
1020:
965:
The Carnival parades in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo take place in their
942:
857:
has increased heavily in popularity, Other cities in the state, such as
394:
2391:
2175:
4063:
4028:
3965:
3861:
3804:
3583:
3515:
3339:
2964:
2527:
1168:
1099:
1071:
967:
926:
876:
838:
817:
735:
670:
373:
365:
321:
149:
47:
1002:
285:
carnival features unique characteristics, heavily influenced by local
3690:
3660:
3222:
542:
389:
The Carnival was first suspended in 1912, following the death of the
381:
specially those related to Catholicism and Afro Candomblé practices.
313:
866:
862:
3960:
3877:
3665:
3655:
3593:
3311:
2628:
1742:
The Mystery of Samba: Popular Music and National Identity in Brazil
1272:
1095:
938:
723:
689:
601:
377:
361:
329:
297:
286:
257:) allowing public participation can be found in other cities, like
222:
195:
145:
2446:
1982:"Carnaval de BH bate recorde com três milhões de pessoas nas ruas"
1755:"LIESA – Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro"
1032:
Janeiro. It got increasingly popular over time, with the works of
281:
through the city streets, dancing and singing. Also in northeast,
4038:
3349:
3227:
2422:
1686:"Río de Janeiro suspende el carnaval por primera vez en 108 años"
1228:
888:
772:
662:
Recife Carnival, in the capital city of the State of Pernambuco,
521:
484:
226:
214:
is the largest in the world according to Guinness World Records.
1107:(meaning Spain), whose conductor was of Spanish origin, and the
3970:
2477:
2034:"Liesb auxiliará na reestruturação do Carnaval de Juiz de Fora"
1227:
banner and is also, since recently, seen via live streaming on
1067:
1063:
1016:
678:
674:
663:
525:
341:
308:
in general, mostly cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo: the
282:
266:
262:
206:
613:
304:
The typical genres of music of Brazilian carnival are, in the
261:, also in the southeastern region. The northeastern cities of
3939:
3731:
1926:"Brazilian transgender dancer shatters Carnival parade taboo"
1624:"Virus disrupting Rio's Carnival for first time in a century"
1255:
1246:
1204:
1140:
1059:
1052:
993:
683:
617:
605:
508:
470:
439:
Devla Imperatrix- Queen Of Carnaval in Rio De Janeiro Sapucai
353:
333:
325:
291:
1712:"Confirman carnaval de Río de Janeiro para febrero del 2022"
953:
1836:"Buy your Costumes for the Brazilian Costume Parade in Rio"
1181:
Associação das Escolas de Samba da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro
640:
191:
157:
72:
1754:
1190:
Since 1991, Globo's broadcast of the parades, now dubbed
186:) is an annual festival held the Friday afternoon before
3908:
1173:
Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro
1098:
is originally linked to religion, they played religious
853:. Since the 2010s, the carnival in the state capital
30:
Devla Imperatrix Queen of Carnaval in Rio De Janeiro.
1806:"O Portal de Notícias da Paraíba, Nordeste e Brasil"
1212:
took over the broadcasting rights for the A Series.
1062:is a wide range of musical styles originating from
828:Carnival in Minas Gerais is often characterized by
2259:. Travel-amazing-southamerica.com. 7 August 1942.
1215:The Carnivals of Recife and Salvador are shown by
312:, the samba de bloco, the samba de embalo and the
2434:TV report about the Rio Carnival – BBC World News
2358:
4194:
1457:. Topics-mag.com. 7 October 2008. Archived from
1360:"Carnival, the Most Beloved Tradition of Brazil"
1275:, an off-season celebration similar to Carnival
979:operates 24 hours during the main parade days.
616:, etc., while in Rio there is the multitude of
83:Friday before Ash Wednesday (51 days to Easter)
2384:
2332:
217:Historically its origins can be traced to the
3924:
3310:
3296:
2462:
1688:(in Spanish). La Radio 1029. 1 October 2020.
1358:NewsPaper, The Brasilians (6 February 2018).
2366:"Fiestas de España. El Carnaval de Tenerife"
1086:(to boil). It is said that the sound of the
673:has unique Carnivals in its present capital
600:There are several major differences between
109:Afternoon, February 10 – midday, February 14
91:Ash Wednesday midday (46 days before Easter)
971:, located close to the city center. In the
3931:
3917:
3303:
3289:
2469:
2455:
2170:
2168:
1509:. Guinness World Records. 1 January 2004.
344:(also a type of Samba) and the main genre
24:
1888:
1886:
1357:
416:caused some festivities to be cancelled.
348:. These rhythms were mainly developed by
202:, "to remove (literally, "raise") meat."
1923:
1621:
1118:
1047:
1001:
952:
811:
734:
657:
622:
582:
548:
494:
492:to be an agent of national unification.
434:
205:Carnival is the most popular holiday in
2165:
2089:. The Head of the Heard. Archived from
1924:Savarese, Mauricio (22 February 2020).
1864:
1622:de Sousa, Marcelo (24 September 2020).
1082:, a misspeaking of the Portuguese word
743:, Gaviões da Fiel Torcida Samba School.
71:Celebration prior to fasting season of
4195:
2084:
2066:from the original on 24 September 2015
1956:"Carnival of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais"
1892:
1883:
324:(mostly cities of Olinda and Recife):
190:at noon, which marks the beginning of
3912:
3284:
2450:
2294:from the original on 18 November 2016
2040:from the original on 28 February 2018
2014:from the original on 27 February 2018
1895:"The LGBT side of Carnival in Brazil"
1869:. Durham, NC: Duke University press.
1603:from the original on 23 February 2020
1333:from the original on 29 December 2020
1179:(since 1990), and formerly under the
289:and cultural manifestations, such as
181:
1905:from the original on 4 November 2020
1666:from the original on 26 October 2021
1636:from the original on 24 October 2021
1370:from the original on 27 October 2020
1159:sold over 3.4 million records.
1010:led samba to the world in her films.
782:Sexual Diversity Museum of São Paulo
249:, huge organized parades are led by
2543:Sixth (New) Republic (1985–present)
2476:
2153:from the original on 1 October 2015
2087:"Carnival in Curitiba: Zombie Walk"
1936:from the original on 2 October 2022
1765:from the original on 4 January 2010
1303:from the original on 2 October 2012
13:
2398:from the original on 2 August 2017
1893:Alface, Felipe (7 February 2018).
1513:from the original on 15 April 2016
1430:from the original on 16 April 2021
1400:from the original on 11 April 2021
1260:Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife
1162:
702:The Guinness Book of World Records
481:GRES Estação Primeira de Mangueira
232:
14:
4219:
2538:Military dictatorship (1964–1985)
2413:
2346:from the original on 8 March 2011
2123:from the original on 3 March 2016
2117:Fundacaoculturaldecuritiba.com.br
1988:from the original on 5 March 2017
1962:from the original on 19 July 2011
791:
424:
3890:
3876:
3365:
2523:First (Old) Republic (1889–1930)
2442:Street View of Rio Carnival 2012
2320:from the original on 6 June 2011
2263:from the original on 17 May 2011
2182:from the original on 8 July 2011
2085:Greene, Stephen (5 March 2014).
1722:from the original on 9 July 2021
1692:from the original on 9 July 2021
1245:
627:Carnival circuit of the city of
2306:
2275:
2249:
2240:
2230:
2221:
2212:
2203:
2194:
2135:
2105:
2078:
2052:
2026:
2000:
1974:
1948:
1917:
1858:
1828:
1798:
1777:
1747:
1734:
1704:
1678:
1648:
1615:
1585:
1555:
1481:"Rio's carnival by the numbers"
1420:"Brazil Holidays and Festivals"
1390:"Rio's Carnival – General Info"
1155:, Araketu, Cheiro de Amor, and
807:
360:in the use of instruments like
336:(mostly the city of Salvador):
1525:
1499:
1473:
1447:
1412:
1382:
1351:
1315:
1285:
443:In the late 18th century, the
405:, despite strict regulations.
384:
1:
1279:
1143:: together, Daniela Mercury,
948:
925:Some Southern cities such as
873:, also have popular parades.
681:. Their main rhythms are the
653:
483:Samba-School, represented by
219:Portuguese Age of Discoveries
898:The first carnival party in
730:
677:and in its colonial capital
419:
7:
2985:Water supply and sanitation
2533:Fourth Republic (1946–1964)
2508:Colonial Brazil (1500–1815)
1718:(in Spanish). 8 July 2021.
1323:"Topic: Carnival in Brazil"
1297:Online Etymology Dictionary
1266:
1238:
410:COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
10:
4224:
2513:United Kingdom (1815–1822)
991:
746:
576:
428:
401:, besides during Brazil's
4159:
4129:
4083:
4076:
4047:
4011:
3953:
3946:
3938:
3870:
3854:
3838:
3711:
3643:
3573:
3374:
3363:
3319:
3242:
3111:
3003:
2905:
2896:
2874:
2788:
2779:
2767:President of the Republic
2685:
2676:
2560:
2551:
2488:
2392:"El Carnaval de Tenerife"
2316:. Allbrazilianmusic.com.
2257:"Samba in Rio de Janeiro"
2036:. SRZD. 27 January 2018.
1865:Collins, John F. (2015).
1123:The Brazilian axé singer
920:
225:passed regularly through
141:
133:
123:
113:
105:
95:
87:
79:
67:
54:
43:
35:
23:
16:Annual festival in Brazil
3516:Belarus, Russia, Ukraine
2690:Administrative divisions
2176:"Sambódromo Information"
1563:"SIC Notícias – Cultura"
1198:the case today (in 2015
1043:
987:
982:
572:
127:Afternoon, February 13 –
117:Afternoon, February 28 –
99:Afternoon, February 17 –
4172:Helsinki Samba Carnaval
2314:"Axé Music in Salvador"
2010:. G1. 10 October 2017.
998:Samba (Brazilian dance)
669:The northeast state of
499:A typical performer of
50:, communities worldwide
3883:Catholicism portal
2846:Science and technology
2528:Vargas Era (1930–1946)
1252:Santa Cruz de Tenerife
1128:
1114:
1056:
1011:
962:
893:Zé Pereira dos Lacaios
825:
744:
666:
632:
597:
557:
503:
440:
174:
3988:Samba de partido-alto
2060:"Curitiba's carnival"
1662:. 25 September 2020.
1537:Diariodigital.sapo.pt
1122:
1078:is said to come from
1051:
1005:
956:
815:
749:Carnival of São Paulo
738:
661:
626:
586:
552:
498:
438:
414:floods and landslides
403:military dictatorship
2664:World Heritage Sites
2597:Environmental issues
2570:Brazilian Antarctica
2372:on 21 September 2010
2147:Translate.google.com
1899:The Washington Blade
1455:"Carnival in Brazil"
1175:– also known as the
1038:Antonio Carlos Jobim
977:Rio de Janeiro Metro
915:Intendente Magalhães
830:blocos carnavalescos
459:) combined with the
447:(literally "cords",
3703:Trinidad and Tobago
3355:Ati-Atihan festival
3213:Syncretic Religions
3121:Freedom of religion
2803:Automotive industry
1816:on 19 December 2014
1599:. 23 January 2016.
1567:Sicnoticias.sapo.pt
1153:Chiclete com Banana
816:Carnival parade of
757:takes place in the
739:Carnival parade in
610:Northeastern Brazil
538:Christ the Redeemer
391:Baron of Rio Branco
183:[kaʁnaˈvaw]
129:midday, February 18
101:midday, February 22
63:(Roman Catholicism)
4203:Brazilian Carnival
4167:Brazilian Carnival
4012:Main fusion genres
3681:Dominican Republic
3173:Eastern Orthodoxy
3166:Ukrainian Catholic
2861:Telecommunications
2518:Empire (1822–1889)
2503:Indigenous peoples
2062:. Gazeta do Povo.
1507:"Largest carnival"
1183:. The now-defunct
1129:
1057:
1012:
963:
826:
759:Anhembi Sambadrome
745:
667:
633:
598:
558:
504:
441:
175:Carnaval do Brasil
167:Carnival of Brazil
4208:Culture of Brazil
4190:
4189:
4155:
4154:
4072:
4071:
4059:Samba de Gafieira
3906:
3905:
3278:
3277:
3238:
3237:
3180:
3168:
3161:
3154:
3147:
3145:Armenian Catholic
2950:Income inequality
2892:
2891:
2775:
2774:
2762:Political parties
2757:National Congress
2720:Freedom of speech
2705:Foreign relations
2672:
2671:
2149:(in Portuguese).
2143:"Google Tradutor"
1876:978-0-8223-5320-1
1573:on 28 August 2018
1487:. 9 February 2018
1233:Galo da Madrugada
1210:Rede Bandeirantes
766:carros alegóricos
696:Galo da Madrugada
556:of Rio de Janeiro
163:
162:
4215:
4081:
4080:
4051:
3981:Pagode romântico
3951:
3950:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3910:
3909:
3897:World portal
3895:
3894:
3881:
3880:
3786:Negros y Blancos
3369:
3314:around the world
3305:
3298:
3291:
3282:
3281:
3258:
3251:
3176:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3068:National symbols
2903:
2902:
2841:
2813:Economic history
2798:Animal husbandry
2786:
2785:
2683:
2682:
2558:
2557:
2471:
2464:
2457:
2448:
2447:
2440:
2432:
2421:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2377:
2368:. Archived from
2362:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2336:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2253:
2247:
2244:
2238:
2234:
2228:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2172:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2093:on 28 April 2016
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2071:
2056:
2050:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2019:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1958:. V-brazil.com.
1952:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1890:
1881:
1880:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1842:. Archived from
1832:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1812:. Archived from
1802:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1751:
1745:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1629:Associated Press
1619:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1569:. Archived from
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1539:. Archived from
1529:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1437:
1435:
1424:www.iexplore.com
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1394:www.brazilao.com
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1355:
1349:
1348:
1340:
1338:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1289:
1250:
1249:
1151:, Asa de Aguia,
847:São João del Rei
796:The Carnival in
753:The carnival in
604:in the state of
512:, also known as
318:Northeast Region
306:Southeast Region
185:
180:
44:Observed by
28:
21:
20:
4223:
4222:
4218:
4217:
4216:
4214:
4213:
4212:
4193:
4192:
4191:
4186:
4151:
4125:
4068:
4049:
4043:
4007:
4003:Samba de enredo
3998:Samba de breque
3947:Rio urban samba
3942:
3937:
3907:
3902:
3889:
3875:
3866:
3850:
3834:
3707:
3639:
3569:
3370:
3361:
3315:
3309:
3279:
3274:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3234:
3107:
3093:Science fiction
3083:Public holidays
2999:
2960:Life expectancy
2888:
2870:
2839:
2771:
2747:Law enforcement
2668:
2654:Water resources
2634:Protected areas
2547:
2484:
2475:
2438:
2430:
2426:School of Samba
2419:
2416:
2411:
2401:
2399:
2390:
2389:
2385:
2375:
2373:
2364:
2363:
2359:
2349:
2347:
2338:
2337:
2333:
2323:
2321:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2280:
2276:
2266:
2264:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2231:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2185:
2183:
2178:. Bolerio.com.
2174:
2173:
2166:
2156:
2154:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2126:
2124:
2111:
2110:
2106:
2096:
2094:
2083:
2079:
2069:
2067:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2043:
2041:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2017:
2015:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1991:
1989:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1963:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1939:
1937:
1922:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1891:
1884:
1877:
1863:
1859:
1849:
1847:
1840:Riocostumes.com
1834:
1833:
1829:
1819:
1817:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1789:
1787:
1785:"Mapa de Notas"
1783:
1782:
1778:
1768:
1766:
1759:Liesa.globo.com
1753:
1752:
1748:
1739:
1735:
1725:
1723:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1695:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1669:
1667:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1620:
1616:
1606:
1604:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1576:
1574:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1546:
1544:
1543:on 8 March 2016
1531:
1530:
1526:
1516:
1514:
1505:
1504:
1500:
1490:
1488:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1462:
1461:on 28 June 2011
1453:
1452:
1448:
1433:
1431:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1403:
1401:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1356:
1352:
1336:
1334:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1306:
1304:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1269:
1244:
1241:
1165:
1163:TV broadcasting
1133:Daniela Mercury
1125:Daniela Mercury
1117:
1046:
1000:
992:Main articles:
990:
985:
951:
923:
810:
794:
751:
733:
656:
595:Salvador, Bahia
593:in the city of
581:
579:Bahian Carnival
575:
560:The formalized
534:Jardim Botânico
461:"dança do coco"
433:
427:
422:
387:
350:Afro-Brazilians
279:trios elétricos
235:
233:Characteristics
178:
142:Related to
128:
119:midday, March 5
118:
100:
62:
31:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4221:
4211:
4210:
4205:
4188:
4187:
4185:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4163:
4161:
4157:
4156:
4153:
4152:
4150:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4087:
4085:
4078:
4074:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4061:
4055:
4053:
4050:Ballroom dance
4045:
4044:
4042:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3984:
3983:
3978:
3968:
3963:
3957:
3955:
3954:Main subgenres
3948:
3944:
3943:
3936:
3935:
3928:
3921:
3913:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3886:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3865:
3864:
3858:
3856:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3842:
3840:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3832:
3827:
3826:
3825:
3817:
3816:
3815:
3807:
3802:
3801:
3800:
3790:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3773:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3746:
3745:
3744:
3736:
3735:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3715:
3713:
3709:
3708:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3666:Cayman Islands
3663:
3658:
3653:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3640:
3638:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3598:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3577:
3575:
3571:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3562:
3561:
3560:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3530:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3501:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3471:
3466:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3439:
3429:
3428:
3427:
3422:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3384:
3378:
3376:
3372:
3371:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3323:
3321:
3317:
3316:
3308:
3307:
3300:
3293:
3285:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3267:
3260:
3259:
3252:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3182:
3181:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3117:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3009:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2906:
2900:
2894:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2884:Rail transport
2880:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2730:Women's rights
2727:
2722:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2686:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2619:Largest cities
2616:
2611:
2606:
2604:Extreme points
2601:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2580:Climate change
2572:
2567:
2561:
2555:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2494:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2474:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2436:
2428:
2415:
2414:External links
2412:
2410:
2409:
2383:
2357:
2340:"Tenerife-ABC"
2331:
2305:
2274:
2248:
2239:
2229:
2220:
2211:
2202:
2193:
2164:
2134:
2104:
2077:
2051:
2025:
1999:
1984:. March 2017.
1973:
1947:
1916:
1882:
1875:
1857:
1846:on 28 May 2013
1827:
1797:
1776:
1746:
1733:
1703:
1677:
1647:
1614:
1584:
1554:
1524:
1498:
1472:
1446:
1411:
1381:
1364:The Brasilians
1350:
1314:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1276:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1240:
1237:
1164:
1161:
1145:Claudia Leitte
1116:
1113:
1045:
1042:
1025:Getúlio Vargas
1008:Carmen Miranda
989:
986:
984:
981:
973:Rio Sambódromo
950:
947:
922:
919:
911:culture agency
900:Belo Horizonte
855:Belo Horizonte
809:
806:
793:
792:Espírito Santo
790:
747:Main article:
732:
729:
655:
652:
650:the visitors.
577:Main article:
574:
571:
554:Carnival queen
465:Rio de Janeiro
429:Main article:
426:
425:Rio de Janeiro
423:
421:
418:
386:
383:
259:Belo Horizonte
239:Rio de Janeiro
234:
231:
212:Rio's carnival
161:
160:
143:
139:
138:
135:
131:
130:
125:
124:2026 date
121:
120:
115:
114:2025 date
111:
110:
107:
106:2024 date
103:
102:
97:
96:2023 date
93:
92:
89:
85:
84:
81:
77:
76:
69:
65:
64:
56:
52:
51:
45:
41:
40:
37:
33:
32:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4220:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4183:
4182:Samba de roda
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4137:Bahian pagode
4135:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4106:Samba de roda
4104:
4102:
4101:Samba-corrido
4099:
4097:
4096:Samba-chulado
4094:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4075:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4046:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3976:Bahian pagode
3974:
3973:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3952:
3949:
3945:
3941:
3934:
3929:
3927:
3922:
3920:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3899:
3898:
3893:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3879:
3873:
3872:
3869:
3863:
3860:
3859:
3857:
3853:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3837:
3831:
3828:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3814:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3799:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3793:French Guiana
3791:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3774:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3750:
3747:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3714:
3712:South America
3710:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3695:Puerto Rico (
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3634:
3633:New York City
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3618:United States
3616:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3574:North America
3572:
3566:
3563:
3559:
3556:
3555:
3554:
3551:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3433:
3430:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3373:
3368:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3306:
3301:
3299:
3294:
3292:
3287:
3286:
3283:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3257:
3253:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3191:Protestantism
3189:
3187:
3184:
3179:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3156:
3153:
3149:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3135:Christianity
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3116:
3114:
3110:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3002:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2975:States by HDI
2973:
2971:
2970:Social issues
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2778:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2675:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2472:
2467:
2465:
2460:
2458:
2453:
2452:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2435:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2424:Torcida Jovem
2418:
2417:
2397:
2393:
2387:
2371:
2367:
2361:
2345:
2341:
2335:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2243:
2233:
2224:
2215:
2206:
2197:
2181:
2177:
2171:
2169:
2152:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2108:
2092:
2088:
2081:
2065:
2061:
2055:
2039:
2035:
2029:
2013:
2009:
2003:
1987:
1983:
1977:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1920:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1889:
1887:
1878:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1831:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1801:
1786:
1780:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1750:
1743:
1737:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1651:
1635:
1631:
1630:
1625:
1618:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1588:
1572:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1512:
1508:
1502:
1486:
1482:
1476:
1460:
1456:
1450:
1443:
1442:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1415:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1385:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1346:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1318:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1288:
1284:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1242:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1213:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1195:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1185:Rede Manchete
1182:
1178:
1177:Special Group
1174:
1170:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:Ivete Sangalo
1146:
1142:
1137:
1134:
1126:
1121:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1101:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1054:
1050:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1034:João Gilberto
1029:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1009:
1004:
999:
995:
980:
978:
974:
970:
969:
960:
955:
946:
944:
940:
936:
932:
931:Florianópolis
928:
918:
916:
912:
908:
904:
901:
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
831:
823:
819:
814:
805:
802:
799:
789:
787:
786:Camilla Prins
783:
778:
775:
774:
769:
767:
762:
760:
756:
750:
742:
737:
728:
726:
725:
720:
716:
711:
709:
705:
703:
698:
697:
693:
691:
686:
685:
680:
676:
672:
665:
660:
651:
647:
645:
642:
638:
630:
625:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
596:
592:
591:
590:trio elétrico
585:
580:
570:
566:
563:
562:samba schools
555:
551:
547:
545:
544:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
514:Blocos de Rua
511:
510:
502:
497:
493:
490:
486:
482:
477:
473:
472:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
437:
432:
417:
415:
411:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
382:
379:
375:
369:
367:
363:
359:
358:iberian music
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
316:; and in the
315:
311:
307:
302:
300:
299:
294:
293:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
251:samba schools
248:
244:
240:
230:
228:
224:
220:
215:
213:
208:
203:
201:
197:
193:
189:
188:Ash Wednesday
184:
176:
172:
168:
159:
155:
154:Ash Wednesday
151:
147:
144:
140:
136:
132:
126:
122:
116:
112:
108:
104:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
60:
57:
53:
49:
46:
42:
38:
34:
27:
22:
19:
4177:Samba school
4166:
4160:Other topics
4147:Samba reggae
4121:Samba-raiado
4116:Samba junino
4091:Samba-batido
4077:Bahian samba
4034:Samba reggae
3993:Samba-canção
3888:
3874:
3781:Barranquilla
3748:
3727:Gualeguaychú
3722:Buenos Aires
3346:Philippines
3027:
2980:Unemployment
2930:Demographics
2808:Central Bank
2715:Human rights
2695:Constitution
2565:Amazon basin
2439:(in English)
2431:(in English)
2423:
2420:(in English)
2400:. Retrieved
2386:
2374:. Retrieved
2370:the original
2360:
2348:. Retrieved
2334:
2322:. Retrieved
2308:
2296:. Retrieved
2287:
2277:
2265:. Retrieved
2251:
2242:
2232:
2223:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2184:. Retrieved
2155:. Retrieved
2146:
2137:
2125:. Retrieved
2116:
2107:
2095:. Retrieved
2091:the original
2080:
2068:. Retrieved
2054:
2042:. Retrieved
2028:
2016:. Retrieved
2002:
1990:. Retrieved
1976:
1964:. Retrieved
1950:
1938:. Retrieved
1929:
1919:
1907:. Retrieved
1898:
1866:
1860:
1848:. Retrieved
1844:the original
1839:
1830:
1818:. Retrieved
1814:the original
1810:WSCOM.com.br
1809:
1800:
1788:. Retrieved
1779:
1767:. Retrieved
1758:
1749:
1741:
1736:
1724:. Retrieved
1715:
1706:
1694:. Retrieved
1680:
1668:. Retrieved
1660:The Guardian
1659:
1650:
1638:. Retrieved
1627:
1617:
1605:. Retrieved
1596:
1587:
1575:. Retrieved
1571:the original
1566:
1557:
1545:. Retrieved
1541:the original
1536:
1527:
1515:. Retrieved
1501:
1489:. Retrieved
1484:
1475:
1463:. Retrieved
1459:the original
1449:
1440:
1439:
1432:. Retrieved
1423:
1414:
1402:. Retrieved
1393:
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1363:
1353:
1343:
1342:
1335:. Retrieved
1326:
1317:
1305:. Retrieved
1296:
1287:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1176:
1166:
1138:
1130:
1108:
1104:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1058:
1030:
1013:
966:
964:
935:Porto Alegre
924:
907:Juiz de Fora
905:
897:
875:
859:Juiz de Fora
829:
827:
822:Minas Gerais
808:Minas Gerais
803:
795:
779:
771:
770:
765:
763:
752:
722:
718:
712:
707:
700:
694:
688:
682:
668:
648:
634:
599:
588:
567:
559:
541:
513:
506:
505:
475:
468:
460:
452:
448:
444:
442:
431:Rio Carnival
407:
399:World War II
388:
370:
338:samba-reggae
310:samba-enredo
303:
296:
290:
275:Porto Seguro
254:
236:
216:
204:
199:
166:
164:
68:Significance
18:
4130:Urban sambo
4084:Rural sambo
4019:Samba-choro
3628:New Orleans
3589:Quebec City
3553:Switzerland
3491:Netherlands
3139:Catholicism
3053:Malandragem
3018:Archaeology
2945:Immigration
2851:Stock index
2793:Agriculture
2592:Environment
2402:21 February
2376:21 February
2350:21 February
2298:11 February
2157:11 February
2127:11 February
2097:11 February
2070:11 February
2044:27 February
2018:27 February
1850:11 February
1820:11 February
1790:20 November
1769:11 February
1716:El Comercio
1607:28 November
1577:11 February
1547:11 February
1517:11 February
1491:12 February
1235:in Recife.
1200:Rede Record
1021:Deixa Falar
968:sambódromos
943:Zombie Walk
871:Três Pontas
501:Samba dance
395:World War I
385:Disruptions
221:when their
200:carnelevare
61:, Religious
36:Also called
4197:Categories
4142:Samba afro
4111:Samba duro
4064:Samba rock
4029:Samba-jazz
4024:Samba-funk
3966:Bossa nova
3862:Mardi Gras
3813:Las Tablas
3718:Argentina
3546:Santa Cruz
3541:Las Palmas
3326:Indonesia
3178:Antiochian
3103:Television
3073:Newspapers
3048:Literature
2920:Corruption
2915:Censorship
2840:(currency)
2710:Government
2288:Unesco.org
1940:31 October
1909:31 October
1740:Vianna H,
1670:13 October
1640:13 October
1434:4 December
1404:4 December
1374:4 December
1337:4 December
1307:9 February
1293:"Carnival"
1280:References
1221:Band Folia
1169:Rede Globo
1131:As singer
1100:procession
1072:Pernambuco
959:Sambódromo
949:Sambódromo
927:Uruguaiana
881:frat house
877:Ouro Preto
851:Diamantina
839:Ouro Preto
818:Ouro Preto
671:Pernambuco
654:Pernambuco
518:Copacabana
457:Portuguese
374:cavaquinho
366:cavaquinho
322:Pernambuco
320:including
171:Portuguese
150:Mardi Gras
48:Brazilians
3846:Australia
3823:Cajamarca
3759:São Paulo
3644:Caribbean
3606:Vera Cruz
3495:Portugal
3481:Lithuania
3469:Viareggio
3223:Quimbanda
3218:Candomblé
3088:Sculpture
3063:Mythology
3013:Animation
2955:Languages
2935:Education
2876:Transport
2737:Judiciary
2700:Elections
2649:Time Zone
2624:Mountains
2587:Coastline
2553:Geography
1597:Em.com.br
1485:France 24
1225:SBT Folia
1192:Globeleza
1157:É o Tchan
885:residents
755:São Paulo
741:São Paulo
731:São Paulo
724:maracatus
637:Candomblé
543:Monobloco
507:Carnaval
469:Carnaval
445:"cordões"
420:By region
346:axé music
314:marchinha
243:São Paulo
134:Frequency
3961:Batucada
3776:Colombia
3738:Bolivia
3676:Dominica
3661:Barbados
3611:Mazatlán
3526:Slovenia
3386:Belgium
3312:Carnival
3265:Category
3203:Hinduism
3152:Maronite
3131:Buddhism
3113:Religion
3078:Painting
3028:Carnaval
2910:Abortion
2856:Taxation
2828:Industry
2752:Military
2678:Politics
2659:Wildlife
2629:Pantanal
2498:Timeline
2482:articles
2396:Archived
2344:Archived
2318:Archived
2292:Archived
2261:Archived
2180:Archived
2151:Archived
2121:Archived
2064:Archived
2038:Archived
2012:Archived
1986:Archived
1960:Archived
1934:Archived
1903:Archived
1763:Archived
1720:Archived
1690:Archived
1664:Archived
1634:Archived
1601:Archived
1511:Archived
1428:Archived
1398:Archived
1368:Archived
1345:economy.
1331:Archived
1327:Statista
1301:Archived
1273:Micareta
1267:See also
1239:Twinning
1096:Carnival
939:Curitiba
889:visitors
715:Salvador
690:maracatu
687:and the
629:Salvador
602:Carnival
378:pandeiro
362:pandeiro
330:maracatu
298:Maracatu
287:folklore
271:Salvador
223:caravels
198:", from
196:carnival
146:Carnival
59:Cultural
39:Carnaval
4039:Sambass
3855:Related
3839:Oceania
3830:Uruguay
3809:Panama
3798:Cayenne
3656:Bahamas
3651:Antigua
3594:Toronto
3580:Canada
3521:Croatia
3499:Madeira
3454:Hungary
3437:Cologne
3432:Germany
3416:France
3412:Finland
3407:England
3402:Denmark
3382:Austria
3350:Sinulog
3340:Jakarta
3249:Outline
3228:Umbanda
3208:Judaism
3159:Melkite
3043:Cuisine
3005:Culture
2990:Welfare
2898:Society
2866:Tourism
2823:Exports
2781:Economy
2639:Regions
2614:Islands
2609:Geology
2575:Climate
2490:History
1992:4 March
1930:AP News
1229:YouTube
1105:Espanha
1017:parades
1006:Singer
843:Mariana
798:Vitória
773:Vai-Vai
713:Unlike
522:Ipanema
489:Portela
485:Cartola
453:strings
247:Vitória
227:Madeira
3971:Pagode
3805:Guyana
3769:Recife
3749:Brazil
3623:Mobile
3601:México
3584:Ottawa
3565:Turkey
3532:Spain
3511:Slavic
3464:Venice
3449:Greece
3395:Binche
3375:Europe
3335:Jember
3270:Portal
3126:Baháʼí
3098:Sports
3038:Comics
3033:Cinema
2965:People
2940:Health
2833:Mining
2818:Energy
2644:Rivers
2480:
2478:Brazil
2324:4 June
2267:4 June
2186:4 June
1966:4 June
1873:
1726:9 July
1696:9 July
1465:4 June
1084:ferver
1080:frever
1068:Olinda
1064:Recife
961:of Rio
933:, and
921:Others
869:, and
867:Pompéu
863:Abaeté
849:, and
719:Troças
679:Olinda
675:Recife
664:Recife
644:groups
526:Leblon
509:blocos
476:Blocos
471:blocos
354:Pardos
342:pagode
332:, and
283:Olinda
273:, and
267:Olinda
263:Recife
255:blocos
245:, and
207:Brazil
137:annual
80:Begins
3940:Samba
3819:Peru
3764:Bahia
3742:Oruro
3732:Murga
3697:Ponce
3691:Nevis
3686:Haiti
3558:Basel
3536:Cádiz
3486:Malta
3474:Ivrea
3459:Italy
3442:Mainz
3425:Paris
3390:Aalst
3256:Index
3198:Islam
3058:Music
2995:Youth
2925:Crime
2838:Real
1256:Spain
1205:TVCOM
1141:Bahia
1088:frevo
1076:frevo
1060:Frevo
1053:Frevo
1044:Frevo
994:Samba
988:Samba
983:Music
708:Frevo
684:frevo
618:samba
606:Bahia
573:Bahia
530:Lagoa
449:laces
334:Bahia
326:frevo
292:Frevo
3671:Cuba
3504:Ovar
3420:Nice
3330:Solo
3320:Asia
3023:Arts
2725:LGBT
2404:2020
2378:2020
2352:2020
2326:2011
2300:2016
2269:2011
2188:2011
2159:2016
2129:2016
2099:2016
2072:2016
2046:2018
2020:2018
1994:2017
1968:2011
1942:2020
1911:2020
1871:ISBN
1852:2016
1822:2016
1792:2013
1771:2016
1728:2021
1698:2021
1672:2021
1642:2021
1609:2016
1579:2016
1549:2016
1519:2016
1493:2024
1467:2011
1436:2020
1406:2020
1376:2020
1339:2020
1309:2009
1217:Band
1094:the
1066:and
1036:and
996:and
957:The
887:and
721:and
641:Afro
397:and
376:and
364:and
352:and
328:and
295:and
192:Lent
179:IPA:
165:The
158:Lent
88:Ends
73:Lent
55:Type
3754:Rio
3186:LDS
2742:Law
1115:Axé
835:Axé
614:axé
608:in
455:in
451:or
4199::
2394:.
2342:.
2290:.
2286:.
2237:5.
2167:^
2145:.
2119:.
2115:.
1932:.
1928:.
1901:.
1897:.
1885:^
1838:.
1808:.
1761:.
1757:.
1714:.
1658:.
1632:.
1626:.
1595:.
1565:.
1535:.
1483:.
1438:.
1426:.
1422:.
1396:.
1392:.
1366:.
1362:.
1341:.
1329:.
1325:.
1299:.
1295:.
1254:,
1147:,
1109:14
1070:,
929:,
917:.
865:,
861:,
845:,
841:,
820:,
532:,
528:,
524:,
520:,
368:.
340:,
301:.
269:,
265:,
241:,
177:,
173::
156:,
152:,
148:,
3932:e
3925:t
3918:v
3699:)
3304:e
3297:t
3290:v
2470:e
2463:t
2456:v
2406:.
2380:.
2354:.
2328:.
2302:.
2271:.
2190:.
2161:.
2131:.
2101:.
2074:.
2048:.
2022:.
1996:.
1970:.
1944:.
1913:.
1879:.
1854:.
1824:.
1794:.
1773:.
1730:.
1700:.
1674:.
1644:.
1611:.
1581:.
1551:.
1521:.
1495:.
1469:.
1408:.
1378:.
1311:.
1262:.
1127:.
824:.
704:.
692:.
631:.
169:(
75:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
