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Historical Vedic religion

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7288:, p. 32): "Although the Indo-Europeans settled in new lands, in some cases (such as Greece) evidently by conquest, they did not always dominate the local people in the beginning. Instead, they often served the local peoples as mercenary warriors, or came under their domination in general. In either case, the Indo-European migrants–who were mostly men–married local women and, by mixing with them, developed their distinctive creole dialect features. The most influential of the new dialects was Proto-Indo-Iranian, the speakers of which appear to have been influenced linguistically by a non-Indo-European people from whom the Indo-Iranians borrowed their distinctive religious beliefs and practices. The locus of this convergence is increasingly thought to have been the area of the advanced, non-Indo-European-speaking Bactria–Margiana Culture's centered in what is now northwestern Afghanistan and southern Turkmenistan. The other Indo-Europeans developed different dialects and beliefs under the influence of other non-Indo-European languages and cultures." 6853: 12092: 6370: 6876:. According to Michaels, the period between 500 BCE and 200 BCE is a time of "ascetic reformism", while the period between 200 BCE and 1100 CE is the time of "classical Hinduism", since there is "a turning point between the Vedic religion and Hindu religions". Muesse discerns a longer period of change, namely between 800 BCE and 200 BCE, which he calls the "Classical Period", when "traditional religious practices and beliefs were reassessed. The Brahmins and the rituals they performed no longer enjoyed the same prestige they had in the Vedic period". 5968: 33: 11787: 7197:, a religious tradition of ancient India. It states, "Brahmanism emphasized the rites performed by, and the status of, the Brahman, or priestly, class as well as speculation about Brahman (the Absolute reality) as theorized in the Upanishads (speculative philosophical texts that are considered to be part of the Vedas, or scriptures)." From Brahmanism developed Hinduism, when it was synthesized, around the start of the Common Era, with the non-Vedic Indo-Aryan religious heritage of the eastern Ganges plain and with local religious traditions; see 8678:
Islam. During the mid-20th century a few Kalasha villages in Pakistan were forcibly converted to this dominant religion, but the people fought the conversion and once official pressure was removed the vast majority continued to practice their own religion. Their religion is a form of Hinduism that recognizes many gods and spirits ... given their Indo-Aryan language, ... the religion of the Kalasha is much more closely aligned to the Hinduism of their Indian neighbors that to the religion of Alexander the Great and his armies.
5955:, who object against their domination of Indian society and their exclusivist ideology. They follow the outline of 19th century colonial rulers, who viewed India's culture as corrupt and degenerate, and its population as irrational. In this view, derived from a Christian understanding of religion, the original "God-given religion" was corrupted by priests, in this case Brahmins, and their religion, "Brahminism", which was supposedly imposed on the Indian population. Reformist Hindus, and others such as 3461: 18383: 13398: 7379:
the Indo-Europeans and Indo-Aryans is the subject of continuing debate among philologists, linguists, historians, archaeologists, and others. The dominant view is that the Indo-Aryams came to the subcontinent as immigrants. Another view, advocated mainly by some Indian scholars, is that they were indigenous to the subcontinent." Edwin Bryant used the term "Indo-Aryan controversy" for an oversight of the Indo-Aryan migration theory, and some of its opponents.
11751: 18393: 13408: 13387: 11838: 7163:, p. 38) also emphasizes the differences: "The legacy of the Vedic religion in Hinduism is generally overestimated. The influence of the mythology is indeed great, but the religious terminology changed considerably: all the key terms of Hinduism either do not exist in Vedic or have a completely different meaning. The religion of the Veda does not know the ethicised migration of the soul with retribution for acts ( 13418: 11775: 3397: 11830: 11763: 6174: 79: 5911:, as these terms are etymologically linked, which developed from post-Vedic ideas during the late Vedic era. The concept of Brahman is posited as that which existed before the creation of the universe, which constitutes all of existence thereafter, and into which the universe will dissolve, followed by similar endless creation-maintenance-destruction cycles. 7175:) must have gone against the grain of ancient India, and an omnipotent creator god emerges only in the late hymns of the rgveda. Nor did the Vedic religion know a caste system, the burning of widows, the ban on remarriage, images of gods and temples, Puja worship, Yoga, pilgrimages, vegetarianism, the holiness of cows, the doctrine of stages of life ( 7385:, and a migration out of the Eurasian steppes. Linguistic and archaeological data clearly show a cultural change after 1750 BCE, with the linguistic and religious data clearly showing links with Indo-European languages and religion. According to Singh, "The dominant view is that the Indo-Aryans came to the subcontinent as immigrants." 5930:, and also invasions and foreign rule of the northwestern Indian Subcontinent which brought in new political entities. This was overcome by providing new services and incorporating the non-Vedic Indo-Aryan religious heritage of the eastern Ganges plain and local religious traditions, giving rise to contemporary 10894:
Helmuth von Glasenapp, Shridhar B. Shrotri. 1999. Jainism: an Indian religion of salvation. P.24. "Thus not only nothing, from the philosophical and the historical point of view, comes in the way of the supposition that Jainism was established by Parsva around 800 BCE, but it is rather confirmed
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Brahmanism evolved into Hinduism, which is significantly different from the preceding Brahmanism, though "it is also convenient to have a single term for the whole complex of interrelated traditions." The transition from ancient Brahmanism to schools of Hinduism was a form of evolution in interaction
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is defined as "fixed or settled order, rule, divine law or truth". As Mahony (1998) notes, however, the term can be translated as "that which has moved in a fitting manner" – although this meaning is not actually cited by authoritative Sanskrit dictionaries it is a regular derivation from the verbal
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According to Dr. R. Mitra, the offered animal was intended for consumption as detailed in the Asvalayana Sutra. The Gopatha Brahmana lists the different individuals who are to receive the various parts like Pratiharta (neck and hump), the Udgatr, the Neshta, the Sadasya, the householder who performs
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concepts. Nevertheless, while "it is usually taught that the beginnings of historical Hinduism date from around the beginning of the Common Era," when "the key tendencies, the crucial elements that would be encompassed in Hindu traditions, collectively came together," some scholars have came to view
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In the 20th century, the neo-Hindu emphasis on Vedic roots, and a better understanding of the Vedic religion and its shared heritage and theology with contemporary Hinduism, led scholars to view the historical Vedic religion as ancestral to modern Hinduism. The historical Vedic religion is now
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Some writers and archaeologists have opposed the notion of a migration of Indo-Aryans into India, due to a lack of archaeological evidence and signs of cultural continuity, hypothesizing instead a slow process of acculturation or transformation. According to Upinder Singh, "The original homeland of
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The non-Vedic śramaṇa traditions existed alongside Brahmanism. These were not direct outgrowths of Vedism, but movements with mutual influences with Brahmanical traditions, reflecting "the cosmology and anthropology of a much older, pre-Aryan upper class of northeastern India". Jainism and Buddhism
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in the late 19th and early 20th century rejected the 'superstitions' of Puranic Hinduism, which in their view had deviated from the Vedic heritage, instead propagating a return to the Vedas and to restore an "imagined" original, rational and monotheistic ancient Hinduism with an equal standing as
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1000 BCE. According to Heesterman, "It is loosely known as Brahmanism because of the religious and legal importance it places on the brāhmaṇa (priestly) class of society." During the late Vedic period, the Brahmanas and early Upanishads were composed. Both Vedism and Brahmanism regard the Veda as
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The early Upanishads are primarily metaphysical treatises concerned with identifying the Brahman, the ground of the universe. ... The essence of early Brahmanism is the search for the Absolute and its natural development is in Vedantin monism which claims that the soul is identical with the
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Living in the high mountain valleys, the Nuristani retained their ancient culture and their religion, a form of the ancient Vedic religion with many customs and rituals developed locally. Certain deities were revered only by one tribe or community, but one deity was universally worshipped by all
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The Kalasha are a unique people living in just three valleys near Chitral, Pakistan, the capital of North-West Frontier Province, which borders Afghanistan. Unlike their neighbors in the Hindu Kush Mountains on both the Afghani and Pakistani sides of the border the Kalasha have not converted to
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1100 BCE and became settled farmers, further syncretizing with the native cultures of northern India. The evidence suggests that the Vedic religion evolved in "two superficially contradictory directions", namely an ever more "elaborate, expensive, and specialized system of rituals", which
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According to Olivelle, some scholars state that the renouncer tradition was an "organic and logical development of ideas found in the Vedic religious culture", while others state that these emerged from the "indigenous non-Aryan population". This scholarly debate is a longstanding one, and is
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ritual, as distinct from the wide range of popular cultic activity with little connection with them. Brahminism also refers specifically to the Brahminical ideology, which sees Brahmins as naturally privileged people entitled to rule and dominate society. The term is frequently used by
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beyond their ritual formalism and should not be seen as isolated from them. The fact that the Vedas that are more particularly emphasized in the Vedanta: the efficacy of the Vedic ritual is not rejected, it is just that there is a search for the Reality that informs
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Jainas themselves have no memory of a time when they fell within the Vedic fold. Any theory that attempts to link the two traditions, moreover fails to appreciate rather distinctive and very non-Vedic character of Jaina cosmology, soul theory, karmic doctrine and
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sacred, but Brahmanism is more inclusive, incorporating doctrines and themes beyond the Vedas with practices like temple worship, puja, meditation, renunciation, vegetarianism, the role of the guru, and other non-Vedic elements important to Hindu religious life.
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philosophers argue that there was no need to postulate a maker for the world, just as there was no need for an author to compose the Vedas or a god to validate the rituals. Mīmāṃsā argues that the gods named in the Vedas have no existence apart from the
7271:(1998) notes that "there is no archaeological or biological evidence for invasions or mass migrations into the Indus Valley between the end of the Harappan phase, about 1900 B.C. and the beginning of the Early Historic period around 600 B.C." 10836:
There is no evidence to show that Jainism and Buddhism ever subscribed to Vedic sacrifices, Vedic deities or caste. They are parallel or native religions of India and have contributed ... much to the growth of even classical Hinduism of the present
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The Vedic religion was the product of "a composite of the Indo-Aryan and Harappan cultures and civilizations". White (2003) cites three other scholars who "have emphatically demonstrated" that Vedic religion is partially derived from the
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since Vedic religion is very different from what we generally call Hindu religion – at least as much as Old Hebrew religion is from medieval and modern Christian religion. However, Vedic religion is treatable as a predecessor of
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It takes its name from the collections of sacred texts known as the Vedas. Vedism is the oldest stratum of religious activity in India for which there exist written materials. It was one of the major traditions that shaped
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It is unclear if the theory in diverse Vedic texts actually reflect the folk practices, iconography, and other practical aspects of the Vedic religion. The Vedic religion changed when Indo-Aryan people migrated into the
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show a different soteriology based on reincarnation, they show little concern with ancestor rites, and they begin to philosophically interpret the earlier rituals. The idea of reincarnation and karma have roots in the
5907:, and using it interchangeably. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Brahminism was the most common term used in English for Hinduism. Brahmanism gave importance to Absolute Reality (Brahman) speculations in the early 5377:
realm which expanded into a wider area after the demise of the Kuru-Pancala realm and the domination of the non-Vedic Magadha cultural sphere. Brahmanism was one of the major influences that shaped contemporary
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This resulted, after a period of confusion, in the formation of a new system, Brahmanism (or Hinduism), which is essentially a philosophy, a metaphysic, a work of human speculation, ...; ... the neuter,
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Prominent sites include Hadda, near Jalalabad, but Buddhism never seems to have penetrated the remote valleys of Nuristan, where the people continued to practice an early form of polytheistic Hinduism.
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Up until the late nineteenth century, many Nuristanis practiced a primitive form of Hinduism. It was the last area in Afghanistan to convert to Islam—and the conversion was accomplished by the sword.
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The post-Vedic period of the Second Urbanisation saw a decline of Brahmanism. With the growth of political entities, which threatened the income and patronage of the rural Brahmins including; the
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have elements of the historical Vedic religion, but there are also some differences such as the presence of fire next to the altar instead of "in the altar" as in the Vedic religion.
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can be used to indicate numerous things, either directly or indirectly, and both Indian and European scholars have experienced difficulty in arriving at fitting interpretations for
5888:, and expanded over a wider area after the demise of the Kuru-Pancala kingdom and it's incorporation into the Magadha-based empires. It co-existed with local religions, such as the 6880:
with non-Vedic traditions. This transition preserved many central ideas and theosophy found in the Vedas while synergistically integrating non-Vedic ideas. While part of Hinduism,
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was coined by Gonçalo Fernandes Trancoso (1520–1596) in the 16th century. Historically, and still by some modern authors, the word 'Brahmanism' was used in English to refer to the
6572:) evolves into an ethical concept about truthfulness and is considered an important virtue. It means being true and consistent with reality in one's thought, speech and action. 5698:) and (present-day) Iran. It was "a syncretic mixture of old Central Asian and new Indo-European elements" which borrowed "distinctive religious beliefs and practices" from the 7724:
Witzel, Michael (2004). "Kalash Religion (extract from 'The Ṛgvedic Religious System and its Central Asian and Hindukush Antecedents". In Griffiths, A.; Houben, J.E.M. (eds.).
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Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder. Among its roots are the Vedic religion of the late
5505:, in 19th century western publications, the Vedic religion was believed to be different from and unrelated to Hinduism. Instead, Hinduism was thought to be linked to the 10911:
Jainism, then, was in origin merely one component of a north Indian ascetic culture that flourished in the Ganges basin from around the eighth or seventh centuries BCE.
6910:, the Vedic gods declined but did not disappear, and local cults were assimilated into the Vedic-Brahmanic pantheon, which changed into the Hindu pantheon. Deities such as 5690:, from which the Indo-Aryan people descended. According to Anthony, the Old Indic religion probably emerged among Indo-European immigrants in the contact zone between the 6326:
Panchasaradiya sava – celebration where 17 cows are immolated once every five years. The Taittiriya Brahmana advocates the Panchasaradiya for those who want to be great.
5722:, were transferred to the adopted god Indra, who became the central deity of the developing Old Indic culture. Indra was the subject of 250 hymns, a quarter of the 7369:
There is no exact dating possible for the beginning of the Vedic period. Witzel mentions a range between 1900 and 1400 BCE. Flood (1996) mentions 1500 BCE.
7312:, were transferred to the adopted god Indra, who became the central deity of the developing Old Indic culture. Indra was the subject of 250 hymns, a quarter of the 19134: 18983: 9661: 5794:-ritual, and "abstraction and internalization of the principles underlying ritual and cosmic speculation" within oneself, akin to the Jain and Buddhist tradition. 6147:
was an important, maybe the central component, of the ancient Vedic religion. Elements of the ancestors cult are still common in modern Hinduism in the form of
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Brahmanism, also called Brahminism or Brahmanical Hinduism, developed out of the Vedic religion, incorporating non-Vedic religious ideas, and expanding to a
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mythology. Vedic hymns refer to these and other deities, often 33, consisting of 8 Vasus, 11 Rudras, 12 Adityas, and in the late Rigvedas,
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kingdom. The Mitanni kings took Old Indic throne names, and Old Indic technical terms were used for horse-riding and chariot-driving. The Old Indic term
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According to David Knipe, some communities in India have preserved and continue to practice portions of the historical Vedic religion, as observed in
19402: 18958: 5628:, preserved into the modern times by the different priestly schools. The religion existed in the western Ganges plain in the early Vedic period from 5636:
1100–500 BCE). The eastern Ganges plain was dominated by another Indo-Aryan complex, which rejected the later Brahmanical ideology and gave rise to
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and sectarian forms of Indian religion, which take recourse to the authority of non-Vedic textual sources. The Vedic religion is described in the
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occur in the Rigveda, only 33 devas are counted, eleven each of earth, space, and heaven. The Vedic pantheon knows two classes, Devas and
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A Dhand (2002), The dharma of ethics, the ethics of dharma: Quizzing the ideals of Hinduism, Journal of Religious Ethics, 30(3), pages 347–372
7939: 5210: 19680: 18194: 15547: 6852: 5548:, but they are not the same because the textual evidence suggests significant differences between the two. These include the belief in an 5737: 5699: 5339: 4408: 18454: 17230: 17157: 14375: 13476: 7179:), or knew them only at their inception. Thus, it is justified to see a turning point between the Vedic religion and Hindu religions." 17035: 13454: 6864:
The Vedic period is held to have ended around 500 BCE. The period between 800 BCE and 200 BCE is the formative period for later
5346:, when pastoral Indo-Aryan tribes stayed there as a separate people in the early 2nd millennium BCE. From the BMAC Indo-Aryan tribes 127: 17481: 5860:
the northwest Indian subcontinent to the Ganges valley. Brahmanism included the Vedic corpus, but also post-Vedic texts such as the
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connected with the rituals and sacrifices. These texts are also considered as a part of the scripture of contemporary Hinduism.
5382:, when it was synthesized with the non-Vedic Indo-Aryan religious heritage of the eastern Ganges plain (which also gave rise to 2304: 890: 8856: 5612:. The Vedic religion, and subsequent Brahmanism, center on the myths and ritual ideologies of the Vedas, as distinguished from 6729:
Vedic mythology contains numerous elements which are common to Indo-European mythological traditions, like the mythologies of
6120: 800 BCE) – such as in section 4.4 – discuss the earliest versions of the Karma doctrine as well as causality. 20399: 20156: 17341: 11819: 11520: 11490: 11380: 10659: 10514: 10216: 10189: 10162: 10135: 10108: 10081: 10054: 10027: 10000: 9973: 9946: 9645: 9618: 9535: 9508: 9437: 9381: 9354: 9325: 9184: 9069: 9032: 8997: 8970: 8943: 8493: 7975: 7861: 7480: 7461: 5817:
residing in northwest Pakistan also continue to practice a form of the ancient Vedic religion. It has also been suggested by
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The Taittiriya Brahmana of the Yajur Veda gives instructions for selecting the cow for the sacrifice depending on the deity.
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Brāhmanism and Hindūism: Or, Religious Thought and Life in India, as Based on the Veda and Other Sacred Books of the Hindūs
4068: 2183: 18805: 17924: 17205: 16806: 5174: 18481: 9665: 7294:, pp. 454–455) states that at least 383 non-Indo-European words were borrowed from this culture, including the god 20460: 20003: 19571: 18868: 18830: 18692: 18422: 18134: 17864: 17746: 17200: 15785: 13739: 11360: 10244: 9133: 7918: 6640:
root -, and abstractly as "universal law" or "cosmic order", or simply as "truth". The latter meaning dominates in the
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Cromwell: "Alongside Brahmanism was the non-Aryan Shramanic culture with its roots going back to prehistoric times."
18800: 18237: 15795: 7324:) probably borrowed from the BMAC religion. His rise to prominence was a peculiar trait of the Old Indic speakers." 5203: 3967: 7424:. However, aspects of the historical Vedic religion survived in other corners of the Indian subcontinent, such as 18199: 18094: 17220: 17215: 17171: 16801: 15645: 14904: 13894: 13303: 12834: 8816: 6421:, Amsa, etc.) are deities of cosmic and social order, from the universe and kingdoms down to the individual. The 3478: 2213: 1044: 6785:. These deities belong to the 3 regions of the universe or heavens, the earth, and the intermediate space. 20171: 19886: 19615: 19235: 18054: 17879: 17152: 16171: 16112: 15999: 15878: 15810: 14238: 13876: 13795: 13421: 13132: 10397:
Singh, N. (1992). "The vivaha (marriage) Samskara as a paradigm for religio-cultural integration in Hinduism".
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An overview of the "Indigenist position" can be obtained from Bryant & Patton (2005). See also the article
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The Horse, the Wheel, and Language. How Bronze-Age riders from the Eurasian steppes shaped the modern world
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Selective Remembrances: Archaeology in the construction, commemoration, and consecration of national pasts
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refers to the further developed form of the late Vedic period which took shape at the Ganges basin around
736: 19695: 19639: 18529: 18272: 17984: 17979: 17751: 16274: 16235: 15790: 15704: 15272: 13644: 13325: 6677: 6051: 5946:, is used in several ways. It denotes the specific Brahmanical rituals and worldview as preserved in the 5590: 4809: 4304: 4005: 3884: 3870: 3851: 3363: 3254: 1864: 17: 16306: 16296: 10206: 8828:
About half of the Kalash practice a form of ancient Hinduism infused with old pagan and animist beliefs.
8371:(2002). "Aryanization of the Indus Civilization". In Panikkar, K. N.; Byres, T. J.; Patnaik, U. (eds.). 7151:, p. 3) use the term "Vedic Hinduism," but state:"... to call this period Vedic Hinduism is a 17050: 16995: 16691: 15431: 14948: 13639: 13581: 13352: 12844: 12421: 11877: 11850: 11741: 11731: 9827:. Translated by Ralph Thomas Hotchkin Griffith; T. B. Griffith. Book Tree, 2003. 2003. pp. 56–57. 8368: 7381:
Mallory and Adams note that two types of models "enjoy significant international currency", namely the
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for an elaborate description of the religious and socio-political development of the late Vedic society
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that speak their names. To that regard, the power of the mantras is what is seen as the power of gods.
5608:, who migrated into the Indus River valley region of the Indian subcontinent after the collapse of the 4147: 4105: 3705: 3382: 3053: 2957: 1904: 1573: 1258: 570: 15029: 1899: 20394: 19800: 19581: 19383: 18700: 18297: 18086: 17944: 17396: 16063: 15694: 15324: 14889: 14021: 13773: 13610: 13565: 13372: 12298: 11812: 9679:
Sayers, Matthew R. (2015). "The Śrāddha: The Development of Ancestor Worship in Classical Hinduism".
7521: 7232: 5774: 5609: 5359: 4487: 3791: 3359: 3005: 2123: 1859: 147: 16402: 11951: 11608: 9664:. Berkley Center for Religion Peace & World Affairs. Georgetown University. 2012. Archived from 9259: 8001: 6569: 800: 19610: 19471: 18993: 18765: 18705: 17801: 17761: 17716: 17506: 17496: 17301: 17055: 16880: 16816: 16786: 16676: 16441: 16350: 16318: 16279: 16191: 15098: 14355: 14291: 13761: 13746: 13440: 13166: 12824: 12748: 12454: 12236: 12211: 10367: 10269: 8353:(2008). "The Aryan homeland debate in India". In Kohl, P. L.; Kozelsky, M.; Ben-Yehuda, N. (eds.). 7153: 7103: 7076: 6892:
schools of Hinduism share their concern with escape from the suffering of existence with Buddhism.
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The Indo-Aryans were pastoralists who migrated into north-western India after the collapse of the
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includes the Vivaha-sukta (above). Its recitation continues to be a part of Hindu wedding rituals.
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The Vedic beliefs and practices of the pre-classical era were closely related to the hypothesized
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the term "Hinduism" as encompassing Vedism and Brahmanism, in addition to the recent synthesis.
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Accessing R.E. Founders & Leaders, Buddhism, Hinduism and Sikhism Teacher's Book Mainstream
11344: 5884:. The emphasis on ritual and the dominant position of Brahmans developed as an ideology in the 5657: 5528: 4994: 4966: 4750: 4652: 4418: 4264: 3888: 3726: 3618: 3557: 3512: 3452: 3444: 3420: 3329: 3259: 3095: 2724: 2493: 2153: 1054: 731: 11797: 11480: 8483: 7436:
residing in northwest Pakistan also continue to practice a form of the ancient Vedic religion.
7188: 5679:. The commonly proposed period of earlier Vedic age is dated back to 2nd millennium BCE. 20450: 19971: 19949: 19690: 19368: 19225: 19164: 19084: 19052: 18795: 18360: 18305: 18222: 18174: 18149: 17949: 17771: 17766: 17634: 17624: 17446: 17122: 17065: 16885: 16831: 16252: 16230: 16149: 16090: 15756: 15195: 15056: 14218: 13817: 13729: 13367: 13320: 13293: 13256: 12513: 11195: 11100: 11038:
Bronkhorst, Johannes (2015). "The historiography of Brahmanism". In Otto; Rau; Rupke (eds.).
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emerged after the Vedic period, between ca. 500–200 BCE and ca. 300 CE, in the period of the
7268: 7261:, with funeral sacrifices which show close parallels to the sacrificial funeral rites of the 5574: 5347: 5141: 4970: 3878: 3874: 3859: 3855: 3369: 3347: 3237: 3102: 2675: 2283: 2163: 1566: 1552: 720: 15076: 15024: 12829: 11510: 11237: 9936: 9092: 8987: 8962:
Interpretations of the Bhagavad-Gita and Images of the Hindu Tradition: The song of the Lord
6072:
do mention ideas that suggest an approach towards the idea of rebirth, according to Ranade.
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Of the continuation of the Vedic tradition in the Upanishads, Fowler writes the following:
6690:
was already used in the later Brahmanical thoughts, where it was conceived as an aspect of
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Aspects of the historical Vedic religion still continue in modern times. For instance, the
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1500–1100 BCE) as a variant of Indo-Aryan religion, influenced by the remnants of the late
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A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th century
7257:, from which they split off around 1800–1600 BCE. Their roots go back further to the 7167:), the cyclical destruction of the world, or the idea of salvation during one's lifetime ( 4233: 8: 20404: 20131: 20126: 20073: 20043: 20038: 19922: 19598: 19523: 19486: 19287: 19184: 18968: 18815: 18653: 18580: 18575: 18473: 18438: 18355: 18330: 18310: 18287: 18214: 18164: 18144: 18059: 18049: 18004: 17964: 17919: 17914: 17904: 17894: 17889: 17884: 17874: 17859: 17854: 17849: 17844: 17839: 17816: 17726: 17701: 17579: 17569: 17531: 17501: 17486: 17471: 17461: 17451: 17416: 17411: 17361: 17306: 17281: 17225: 17082: 17070: 16958: 16953: 16943: 16811: 16612: 16525: 16470: 16446: 16333: 16218: 16176: 15971: 15820: 15448: 15240: 15125: 14921: 14723: 14608: 14536: 14426: 14347: 14174: 13827: 13651: 13497: 13390: 13357: 13236: 13127: 13062: 12912: 12771: 12651: 12523: 12351: 12288: 12241: 11672: 11012:
Empires of the Silk Road. A history of central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the present
8662: 8325: 7541: 6754: 6607: 6516: 5351: 5304: 4360: 4355: 4251: 4175: 4140: 4063: 4053: 3912: 3613: 3608: 3577: 3387: 3280: 3116: 2647: 2509: 2253: 2143: 2128: 2034: 1974: 1939: 1839: 1419: 1331: 950: 609: 220: 122: 93: 12040: 11900: 11676: 11059: 10654:. History of Religious Ideas. Vol. 2. University of Chicago Press. pp. 49–54. 10509:. History of Religious Ideas. Vol. 2. University of Chicago Press. pp. 44–46. 7881: 6957: 6064:, is not mentioned in the early layers of the historic Vedic religion texts such as the 5967: 1520: 710: 20344: 20248: 20063: 19976: 19954: 19837: 19785: 19725: 19620: 19378: 19346: 19336: 19297: 19292: 19262: 19252: 19109: 18810: 18613: 18590: 18585: 18335: 18315: 18282: 18179: 18169: 18114: 18109: 18039: 18019: 18009: 17994: 17989: 17969: 17939: 17934: 17909: 17899: 17831: 17796: 17781: 17686: 17659: 17649: 17609: 17594: 17589: 17541: 17536: 17476: 17431: 17391: 17286: 17273: 17060: 16985: 16858: 16681: 16355: 16313: 16154: 16122: 16097: 16024: 16004: 15825: 15773: 15761: 15739: 15331: 15289: 15162: 14997: 14992: 14987: 14818: 14602: 14578: 13957: 13881: 13629: 13575: 13192: 13151: 12443: 12256: 12201: 11696: 11316: 11153: 11139: 11079: 10406: 9912: 9569: 9552: 9343: 7549: 7417: 7071: 6598: 6344: 6310: 5732: 5601: 5280: 5066: 5017: 4951: 4935: 4560: 4213: 3952: 3638: 3543: 3538: 3309: 3295: 3014: 2539: 2435: 2263: 2243: 2238: 2233: 1834: 1600: 1471: 1083: 969: 15443: 15002: 14630: 14360: 12416: 12391: 6300:) or a Yajna dedicated to the glory, wellbeing and prosperity of the kingdom or empire 19964: 19827: 19807: 19715: 19632: 19627: 19603: 19503: 19496: 19464: 19459: 19326: 19321: 19309: 19267: 19129: 19099: 18854: 18738: 18733: 18600: 18552: 18392: 18386: 18320: 18277: 18267: 18257: 18247: 18154: 18074: 18034: 17959: 17929: 17821: 17776: 17756: 17731: 17706: 17669: 17654: 17629: 17604: 17516: 17466: 17421: 17406: 17386: 17376: 17351: 17291: 17235: 17000: 16776: 16372: 16343: 16267: 16262: 16223: 16161: 16117: 16102: 16085: 16080: 16075: 16014: 15749: 15635: 15401: 15371: 15351: 15172: 14977: 14958: 14953: 14899: 14862: 14583: 14498: 14421: 14319: 14309: 14277: 14265: 14233: 14210: 14192: 14088: 13943: 13851: 13837: 13800: 13788: 13617: 13536: 13488: 13407: 13401: 13281: 13271: 13137: 13072: 12465: 12406: 12261: 12251: 11767: 11700: 11576: 11555: 11516: 11486: 11397: 11376: 11356: 11294: 11270: 11246: 11221: 11201: 11171: 11108: 11083: 11048: 11024: 10996: 10825: 10724: 10694: 10655: 10510: 10435: 10377: 10347: 10240: 10212: 10185: 10158: 10131: 10104: 10077: 10050: 10023: 9996: 9969: 9942: 9898: 9853: 9828: 9795: 9696: 9641: 9614: 9589: 9531: 9504: 9433: 9377: 9350: 9321: 9225: 9215: 9190: 9180: 9129: 9065: 9061: 9028: 8993: 8966: 8939: 8912: 8788: 8760: 8719: 8666: 8489: 7971: 7914: 7887: 7857: 7476: 7457: 7421: 7388: 7258: 7086: 7061:
in India over the 5th to 12th centuries in favor of Puranic Hinduism and Islam.
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Sulagava – sacrifice where roast beef is offered. It is mentioned in the Grihya Sutra
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are seen since the Rigvedic period. Deities emphasized in the Vedic religion include
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Barrington, Nicholas; Kendrick, Joseph T.; Schlagintweit, Reinhard (18 April 2006).
7991: 7989: 7987: 6343:
are seen since the Rigvedic period; while they are attested from early times in the
5369:
1100–500 BCE) Brahmanism developed out of the Vedic religion, as an ideology of the
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The ancient Vedic religion lacked the belief in reincarnation and concepts such as
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Specific rituals and sacrifices of the Vedic religion include, among others: the
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The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World
10769:
is concerned with the end of the Vedas, both chronologically and teleologically.
9873: 5740:
religion. His rise to prominence was a peculiar trait of the Old Indic speakers.
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For an overview of the current relevant research, see the following references.
7109: 6942: 6934: 6741:, and those of the Celtic, Germanic, Baltic, and Slavic peoples. The Vedic god 6673:, though the underlying sense of "ordered action" remains universally evident. 6658: 6575: 6031: 5992: 5984: 5927: 5900: 5818: 5810: 5801:
Brahmins continue the ancient Śrauta rituals, and the complex Vedic rituals of
4900: 4767: 4642: 4200: 4154: 4122: 4058: 3549: 3314: 3123: 2971: 2622: 2516: 2465: 2268: 2094: 2014: 1964: 1949: 1914: 1869: 1766: 1538: 1399: 1281: 1230: 1215: 1195: 1159: 1088: 870: 825: 776: 534: 159: 15108: 14370: 11915: 7024: 6124: 6061: 5279:, constituted the religious ideas and practices prevalent amongst some of the 916: 696: 627: 142: 20434: 20297: 20056: 19822: 19775: 19179: 19124: 19119: 19047: 18953: 18557: 18524: 17075: 16629: 16510: 15902: 15897: 15845: 15682: 15620: 15515: 15406: 15304: 15235: 15167: 15157: 15130: 15066: 14963: 14941: 14879: 14775: 14738: 14657: 14565: 14016: 13967: 13672: 13362: 13266: 13045: 12819: 12557: 12448: 12359: 12293: 11692: 11476: 11431:
Religions of the World: A comprehensive encyclopedia of beliefs and practices
11348: 11075: 10714: 9700: 9593: 9194: 9054: 8635: 8633: 7529: 7447: 7433: 7308:, p. 454): "Many of the qualities of Indo-Iranian god of might/victory, 7254: 6946: 6907: 6817: 6196: 6188:
Specific rituals and sacrifices of the Vedic religion include, among others:
6057: 5814: 5645: 5553: 5402: 5315: 5160: 4624: 4540: 4257: 4115: 3977: 3731: 2978: 2943: 2880: 2826: 2819: 2780: 2773: 2710: 2703: 2696: 2689: 2661: 2605: 2223: 2168: 2148: 2138: 2118: 2089: 1999: 1789: 1784: 1774: 1723: 1645: 1559: 1392: 1341: 1240: 1175: 1014: 781: 235: 19959: 15744: 9848:
Singhal, K. C.; Gupta, Roshan (2003). "Vedic period: A new interpretation".
9269: 9229: 6974:
Despite the radically different nature of the Upanishads in relation to the
5632:
1500–1100 BCE, and developed into Brahmanism in the late Vedic period (
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The Quest for the Origins of Vedic Culture: The Indo-Aryan migration debate
10764: 9637:
The Vedic Origins of Karma: Cosmos as man in ancient Indian myth and ritual
7517: 7309: 7299: 7036: 6829: 6707: 6434: 6333:
the sacrifice (the two right feet), his wife (the two left feet) and so on.
6304: 6242: 6148: 6136: 6101: 5923: 5885: 5782: 5719: 5711: 5673: 5578: 5532: 5394: 5370: 5343: 5292: 4779: 4617: 4091: 3962: 3761: 3756: 3746: 2950: 2859: 2766: 2759: 2752: 2738: 2396: 2218: 2054: 2049: 2009: 1919: 1909: 1879: 1849: 1779: 1683: 1605: 1336: 1301: 1225: 1200: 1129: 979: 830: 622: 617: 516: 503: 498: 37: 15438: 14125: 11726: 9174: 8630: 7520:
and its emphasis on the status of Brahmans, but also the religions of the
7500: 7403:, p. 339, for an overview of publications up to 1997 on this subject. 6578: 6347:, there is a late Rigvedic reference invoking forefathers "both cremated ( 1154: 19013: 18898: 17132: 17107: 16931: 16899: 16890: 16836: 16766: 16751: 16644: 16535: 16196: 16144: 15932: 15650: 15630: 15470: 15411: 15149: 15145: 14968: 14488: 14436: 14406: 14243: 14097: 13989: 13913: 13778: 13714: 13665: 13224: 13057: 12985: 12975: 12887: 12877: 12852: 12493: 12488: 12379: 12173: 12157: 12100: 12035: 11971: 11791: 11469:
The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic religions to the thirteenth century
9932: 9757: 9585: 9209: 8756: 7046: 6923: 6512: 6460: 6442: 6314: 6245:
rituals, which involved the extraction, utility and consumption of Soma:
6192: 6140: 5570: 5536: 5506: 5470: 5398: 5300: 4755: 4741: 4705: 4413: 3021: 2745: 2638: 2568: 2381: 2335: 2296: 2198: 2039: 2029: 1894: 1758: 1748: 1617: 1612: 1515: 1414: 1306: 1296: 1266: 1235: 1144: 911: 725: 648: 640: 442: 211: 16451: 16392: 15495: 14916: 14750: 14299: 11245:. Vol. 14 (2nd ed.). Macmillan Reference. pp. 9552–9553. 10410: 9554:
Feeding the ancestors: ancestor worship in ancient Hinduism and Buddhism
8908:
Missionary Tropics: The Catholic Frontier in India (16th–17th Centuries)
8812: 5354:, and the Vedic religion developed there during the early Vedic period ( 3942: 20371: 20354: 20292: 20141: 20088: 20051: 19937: 19189: 19169: 19008: 18908: 18835: 18825: 18748: 18407: 17098: 17093: 16968: 16963: 16926: 16904: 16761: 16741: 16736: 16577: 16567: 16530: 16134: 15912: 15860: 15600: 15245: 15225: 14803: 14728: 14667: 14431: 14411: 14332: 13984: 13952: 13923: 13702: 13697: 13682: 13122: 13090: 13035: 12892: 12601: 12438: 12411: 12193: 11966: 11194:
Gomez, Luis O. (2013), "Buddhism in India", in Kitagawa, Joseph (ed.),
9965:
The Samnyasa Upanisads: Hindu scriptures on asceticism and renunciation
9692: 9302:
Mantras of Anti-Brahmanism: Colonial Experience of Indian Intellectuals
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Perspectives of Reality: An introduction to the philosophy of Hinduism
9409:
Boyer, A. M. (1901). "Etude sur l'origine de la doctrine du samsara".
8858:
Vala and Iwato: The Myth of the Hidden Sun in India, Japan, and beyond
8326:"Autochthonous Aryans? The Evidence from Old Indian and Iranian Texts" 7883:
The Texts of the White Yajurveda. Translated with a popular commentary
7360:
denotes a cultural and linguistic boundary and not only a racial one."
6258:(originally an independent rite, later absorbed into the soma rituals) 5760:, was also employed in the Mitanni kingdom. Old Indic gods, including 5557: 20322: 20317: 20285: 20268: 19927: 19491: 19144: 19139: 18903: 18608: 17045: 16841: 16756: 16746: 16617: 16572: 16557: 16490: 16338: 15805: 15727: 15687: 15677: 15640: 15615: 15595: 15490: 15356: 15210: 15200: 14972: 14830: 14640: 14625: 14590: 14573: 14555: 14468: 14248: 14164: 14143: 14138: 14115: 14110: 14069: 14064: 14001: 13938: 13861: 13832: 13783: 13724: 13677: 13241: 13030: 12980: 12953: 12902: 12867: 12857: 12809: 12708: 12676: 12621: 12518: 12473: 12147: 10940:
Freeing the Buddha: Diversity on a sacred path – large scale concerns
9304:, Economic and Political Weekly 38(43):4611–4617. DOI:10.2307/4414197 7429: 7416:
of Afghanistan observed a primitive form of Hinduism until they were
7242: 6833: 6782: 6480: 6340: 6255: 6220: 6206: 6164: 6132: 6080: 5857: 5798: 5624:
and associated with voluminous Vedic literature, including the early
5549: 5527:. In response to western colonialism and (Protestant) proselytizing, 5414: 4921: 4698: 4690: 4683: 4676: 4662: 4530: 3177: 3109: 3046: 2964: 2796: 2367: 2327: 2258: 2104: 2069: 2019: 1989: 1924: 1844: 1743: 1713: 1693: 1377: 1321: 1286: 1271: 1190: 1185: 1167: 493: 407: 338: 277: 42: 14520: 14049: 11105:
The Indo-Aryan Controversy: Evidence and inference in Indian history
10882:
India : History, religion, vision and contribution to the world
9897:. Librairie d'Ameriqe et d'Orient. Vol. 1. Paris. p. 328. 6901: 6178: 6087:(offering food to the ancestors). The later Vedic texts such as the 5947: 5802: 974: 20253: 20243: 20238: 20023: 19057: 19003: 18988: 18973: 18877: 18820: 16848: 16592: 16582: 16437: 15927: 15907: 15734: 15610: 15465: 15039: 14793: 14733: 14652: 14560: 14547: 14525: 14505: 14483: 14478: 14458: 14398: 14365: 14304: 14148: 14133: 14011: 13972: 13928: 13719: 13656: 13560: 13463: 13286: 13105: 13100: 12990: 12927: 12907: 12738: 12574: 12401: 12374: 12341: 12283: 12183: 12178: 12152: 12077: 11961: 11833: 11750: 11135: 7250: 7054: 7050: 7032: 7008: 6938: 6919: 6873: 6865: 6520: 6500: 6488: 6484: 6464: 6437:, the deified sacred drink of the Indo-Iranians. Also prominent is 6390: 6382: 6374: 6286: 6109: 6036: 6004: 6000: 5976: 5956: 5931: 5904: 5641: 5545: 5514: 5498:
have also been used when referring to the ancient Vedic religion.
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in the east was occupied by non-Vedic Indo-Aryans. The location of
46:
was limited to northwest India and the western Ganges plain, while
12115: 11122:
Duchesne-Guillemin, Jacques (Summer 1963). "Heraclitus and Iran".
9257: 6112:. Similarly, the later layers of the Vedic literature such as the 2312: 20223: 19986: 19847: 19149: 18893: 17117: 16721: 16686: 16607: 16520: 16461: 16365: 16068: 15922: 15672: 15625: 15510: 15386: 15205: 14672: 14635: 14446: 13996: 13962: 13805: 13506: 13187: 13040: 12958: 12948: 12723: 12713: 12686: 12681: 12671: 12626: 12611: 12606: 12386: 12331: 12316: 12308: 12275: 12142: 12045: 12020: 11996: 11895: 11885: 11594:"Early Sanskritization: Origin and Development of the Kuru state" 10895:
in everything that we know of the spiritual life of that period."
10720:
The perfectibility of human nature in eastern and western thought
8753:
A Passage to Nuristan: Exploring the mysterious Afghan hinterland
7704: 7702: 7639: 7637: 7635: 7633: 7631: 7629: 7627: 7625: 7623: 7533: 7525: 7246: 7236: 7028: 7012: 7004: 6885: 6881: 6869: 6837: 6774: 6641: 6584: 6553: 6540: 6524: 6425:
is a collection of hymns to various deities, most notably heroic
6422: 6414: 6378: 6128: 6012: 5996: 5980: 5919: 5877: 5869: 5753: 5749: 5676: 5637: 5600:
The Vedic religion refers to the religious beliefs of some Vedic
5510: 5445: 5387: 4914: 4878: 4871: 4669: 4289: 3922: 3182: 3172: 2922: 2843: 2835: 2652: 2578: 2563: 2360: 2059: 2004: 1738: 1688: 1658: 1653: 1525: 1500: 1387: 1019: 898: 875: 850: 761: 751: 560: 524: 412: 397: 392: 328: 323: 287: 282: 269: 20218: 11981: 11837: 11290:
The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture
11266:
The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, history, and culture
11197:
The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture
7852:
Prasoon, Shrikant (11 August 2010). "Ch. 2, Vedang, Kalp".
5872:) class of the society, Heesterman also mentions the post-Vedic 3218: 1064: 1059: 885: 20366: 20307: 20263: 20258: 19476: 19174: 19094: 19042: 17030: 16909: 16894: 16713: 16602: 16587: 16545: 16323: 16201: 15475: 15230: 15220: 14874: 14835: 14677: 14285: 14255: 13979: 13219: 13197: 13010: 12963: 12922: 12804: 12794: 12733: 12641: 12584: 12579: 12433: 12120: 11956: 11942: 11927: 11827: 11422:
Hindu Nationalism in South India: The Rise of Saffron in Kerala
8750: 8716:
Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia
8436: 8287: 7687: 7425: 7267:
The immigrations consisted probably of small groups of people.
6963: 6930: 6915: 6813: 6778: 6715: 6686: 6508: 6492: 6438: 6410: 6182: 6105: 5889: 5873: 5822: 5806: 5756:, meaning "cosmic order and truth", the central concept of the 5669: 5617: 5523: 5518: 5434: 5311:
is significantly different from the historical Vedic religion.
5288: 5284: 4637: 4591: 4110: 3927: 3187: 3001: 2317: 2044: 1929: 1829: 1799: 1794: 1728: 1703: 1492: 1362: 1205: 1180: 1119: 1004: 999: 989: 931: 855: 815: 810: 741: 666: 601: 586: 488: 432: 417: 363: 343: 256: 251: 88: 51: 15421: 11337:
Vedic Voices: Intimate narratives of a living Andhra tradition
10957:. Dept. of Buddhist Studies. University of Delhi. p. 110. 10311:
Oldenberg (1894) p 30. Cf. also Thieme (1960) p 308.
9568:
Sayers, Matthew R. (1 November 2015). McGovern, Nathan (ed.).
8606: 8071: 8069: 8054: 7699: 7620: 6650: 6591: 20361: 20233: 20146: 16726: 16500: 16480: 16465: 16041: 15867: 15662: 15525: 15480: 15460: 14662: 14059: 13905: 13687: 13115: 13110: 12814: 12784: 12718: 12698: 12636: 12616: 12589: 12428: 12130: 12030: 11976: 11932: 11910: 11572:
Kiss of the Yogini: "Tantric Sex" in its South Asian Contexts
10781: 10779: 10777: 10534: 10532: 10530: 10528: 10526: 10346:. Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. pp. 42–45. 8570: 8173: 8171: 8169: 8167: 7295: 6911: 6841: 6821: 6805: 6797: 6793: 6789: 6766: 6742: 6723: 6703: 6670: 6565: 6561: 6547: 6504: 6496: 6426: 6418: 6406: 6402: 6386: 6168: 6076: 6075:
The early layers of the Vedas do not mention the doctrine of
6026:
The gods came afterwards, with the creation of this universe.
5826: 5761: 5707: 5621: 5439: 5430: 5422: 5418: 4736: 4610: 4604: 4586: 3957: 3932: 3204: 3074: 2839: 2351: 1889: 1753: 1663: 1510: 1464: 1444: 1124: 1109: 1049: 1039: 1024: 1009: 984: 835: 805: 691: 591: 422: 387: 358: 353: 348: 333: 261: 27:
1500–500 BC Indo-Aryan religious practices of northwest India
10460: 8992:. Rowman & Littlefield. pages 6–7 footnote 1. 8785:
No Way Out: A story of valor in the mountains of Afghanistan
8116: 5829:, contains some influences from the ancient Vedic religion. 5718:
Many of the qualities of Indo-Iranian god of might/victory,
20275: 16651: 16540: 14493: 13432: 13156: 13085: 13067: 13015: 12799: 12743: 12703: 12663: 12646: 12631: 12596: 12025: 11937: 11532:"Hindu Beginnings. Assessing the Period 1000 BCE to 300 CE" 9847: 9640:. State University of New York Press. pp. 1–3, 11–12. 9241: 9239: 8618: 8426: 8424: 8066: 6978:
it has to be remembered that the material of both form the
6889: 6825: 6809: 6801: 6770: 6758: 6750: 6536: 6468: 6459:
In the Hindu tradition, the revered sages of this era were
6441:(often paired with Mitra) and the group of "All-gods", the 6430: 6210: 5972: 5426: 5128: 1673: 1454: 1424: 1367: 1114: 1101: 994: 596: 437: 427: 402: 368: 318: 300: 10774: 10523: 10448: 9938:
Discovering the Vedas: Origins, mantras, rituals, insights
9446: 9345:
World Scriptures: An Introduction to Comparative Religions
8731:
Nuristani as the Creator, the Hindu god Yama Raja, called
8517: 8263: 8234: 8164: 5744:
The oldest inscriptions in Old Indic, the language of the
5702:(BMAC). This syncretic influence is supported by at least 5299:
1500–500 BCE). These ideas and practices are found in the
19154: 16550: 16515: 15190: 14569: 11829: 10599: 9154: 9142: 8507: 8505: 8253: 8251: 8249: 8188: 8186: 8128: 8106: 8104: 8102: 8100: 8098: 8096: 7793: 7791: 7789: 7757: 7755: 7253:
era, in present northern Afghanistan, and related to the
6773:, the lord of the dead, is hypothesized to be related to 6762: 6173: 5942:
Nowadays, the term Brahmanism, used interchangeably with
5880:
and the Epics), which are also incorporated in the later
10587: 9296: 9294: 9236: 8536: 8534: 8532: 8421: 8198: 7585: 7583: 7581: 7579: 7577: 7007:, which is one of the primary schools of thought within 5837:"Brahamic" redirects here. For the writing scripts, see 11890: 10879: 10668: 10616: 10614: 10565: 10563: 10561: 10559: 10472: 10344:
The Conception of Punishment in Early Indian Literature
9478: 9390: 9099: 8868: 8411: 8409: 8407: 8210: 8032: 8030: 8028: 7677: 7675: 7673: 7302:, which was "probably borrowed from the BMAC religion." 6702:
The central myth at the base of Vedic ritual surrounds
5651: 541: 78: 13475: 11502:
Hindu Myth, Hindu History: Religion, art, and politics
11021:
Greater Magadha: Studies in the Culture of Early India
10861: 10786:
Crawford, S. Cromwell (1972). "review of L. M. Joshi,
10631: 10629: 10544: 10484: 8744: 8502: 8275: 8246: 8183: 8093: 7786: 7776: 7774: 7772: 7770: 7752: 7352:('Aryans', literally 'the hospitable', from the Vedic 7015:
considers itself "the purpose or goal of the Vedas".
5485: 11739: 10575: 9852:. Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. p. 150. 9707: 9570:"Feeding the Dead: Ancestor worship in ancient India" 9291: 8695: 8683: 8546: 8529: 8310:. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press. p. 174. 8140: 7832: 7830: 7828: 7826: 7824: 7822: 7820: 7818: 7574: 7495:
Upanishads thought to date from the Vedic period are
6937:
states and elsewhere. According to the historian and
6622:"properly joined, right, true", from a presumed root 6011:
are also placed in this period. The Vedas record the
5844:"Brahmanism" redirects here. Not to be confused with 19894: 19557: 18930: 11641: 11639: 11442:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. 10611: 10556: 8404: 8081: 8042: 8025: 7670: 7610: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7602: 7600: 7598: 6625: 6612: 6606:"truth", which in turn may continue from a possible 6455:
Timeline of Eastern philosophers § Vedic Period
6433:
the sacrificial fire and messenger of the gods, and
6216:
The Darshapurnamsa, the new and full moon sacrifices
12091: 10804: 10626: 10434:]. Prabuddha Bharata Press. pp. 362, 594. 9777:
The Rigveda: The Earliest Religious Poetry of India
9527:
Feeding the Dead: Ancestor worship in ancient India
9214:. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. 8594: 8582: 8558: 8448: 8222: 8152: 8013: 7886:(Reprint ed.). Benaras: E. J. Lazarus and Co. 7767: 7356:, 'homey, the hospitable') but even in the Rgveda, 7316:. He was associated more than any other deity with 6373:Detail of the Phra Prang, the central tower of the 6238:
The Pashubandhu, the (semi-)annual animal sacrifice
5748:, are found in northern Syria, the location of the 5726:. He was associated more than any other deity with 5704:
383 non-Indo-European words that were borrowed
18876: 11375:. Westminster: John Knox Press. pp. 179–198. 11236: 11152: 11121: 10651:From Gautama Buddha to the Triumph of Christianity 10506:From Gautama Buddha to the Triumph of Christianity 10329: 9342: 9053: 8379: 7815: 7432:Brahmins continue the ancient Śrauta rituals. The 6895: 6788:Some major deities of the Vedic tradition include 5959:, structured their criticism along similar lines. 5903:, treating the term Brahmanism as synonymous with 5469:, when Indo-Aryans entered into the valley of the 19666: 11677:"Brahmanism: Its place in ancient Indian society" 11636: 11060:"Brahmanism: Its place in ancient Indian society" 10992:The Origins and Development of Classical Hinduism 9968:. Oxford University Press. pp. 92, 140–146. 9376:. University of California Press. pp. 18ff. 8466: 7934: 7932: 7930: 7906: 7803: 7737: 7735: 7654: 7652: 7595: 7239:kingdom in northern Syria (c.1500–1300 BCE). 6317:are concerned with medicine and healing practices 5656:The Indo-Aryans were speakers of a branch of the 5544:generally accepted to be a predecessor of modern 5473:in multiple waves during the 2nd millennium BCE. 20432: 10955:A text book of the history of Theravāda Buddhism 9496: 8783:Weiss, Mitch; Maurer, Kevin (31 December 2012). 8485:Indo-European Sacred Space: Vedic and Roman Cult 8481: 8471:. Britannica Educational Publishing. p. 60. 7913:. Oxford University Press. pp. 1393, 1399. 7910:The Rigveda — Earliest Religious Poetry of India 7875: 7873: 7138: 7136: 7134: 7132: 7130: 7128: 7126: 6024:Whence was it produced? Whence is this creation? 11499: 11287:(2007). "Hinduism". In Kitagawa, Joseph (ed.). 11263:(2002). "Hinduism". In Kitagawa, Joseph (ed.). 11040:History and Religion:Narrating a Religious Past 10853:. Delhi, IN: Motilal Banarsidass. p. 169. 10366: 10341: 9774: 9613:. Oxford University Press. pp. 28, 32–38. 9503:. LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 66–67, 101–103. 9468:A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy 9369: 9084: 9045: 8911:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 18ff. 8776: 8659:Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania 8488:. University of Illinois Press. pp. 242–. 8308:Ancient Cities of the Indus Valley Civilization 8060: 7995: 7723: 7057:, traditionally put from c. 500 BCE, 6545:Ethics in the Vedas are based on concepts like 11419: 10824:. Delhi, IN: Motilal Banarsidass. p. 18. 9600: 9557:(PhD thesis). University of Texas. p. 12. 9363: 9307: 9124:. Vol. 1: A–M. Rosen Publishing. p.  8979: 8931: 8007: 7927: 7732: 7649: 7475:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 53–54. 7445:For the metaphysical concept of Brahman, see: 7227: 7225: 7223: 7193:explains that from the Vedic religion emerged 7142:Scholars such as Jan Gonda have used the term 7049:. In this view, Jainism peaked at the time of 5991:Texts dating to the Vedic period, composed in 18862: 18423: 13448: 11813: 11428: 11307: 8965:. Routledge. page 164, footnote 9. 8639: 8576: 8122: 7870: 7456:. Routledge. pp. 251–252, 283, 366–369. 7453:Hindus: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices 7148: 7123: 7045:There are Jaina references to 22 prehistoric 6589: 5240: 3421: 11410: 11343: 11308:Jamison, Stephanie; Witzel, Michael (1992). 11099: 10904: 10208:Vedic Cosmology and Ethics: Selected Studies 9892: 9471:. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 147–148. 9373:Maps of Time: An Introduction to Big History 9056:Hinduism: The anthropology of a civilization 8442: 8430: 8075: 7719: 7717: 7053:(traditionally put in the 6th century BCE). 5686:, and shows relations with rituals from the 5595: 36:The spread of the Vedic culture in the late 11429:Melton, Gordon J.; Baumann, Martin (2010). 11372:World Religions in America: An Introduction 11283: 11259: 10605: 10538: 10423: 10323: 9817: 9815: 9813: 9811: 9775:Jamison, Stephanie; Brereton, Joel (2014). 9627: 9334: 8898: 8813:"Pakistan's Forgotten Pagans get their Due" 8782: 8707: 8652: 8650: 8648: 8624: 8475: 8305: 8240: 8204: 7220: 7202: 7146:, distinguishing it from "recent Hinduism". 6202:The Agnyadheya, or installation of the fire 18869: 18855: 18455:List of religions and spiritual traditions 18430: 18416: 13455: 13441: 11820: 11806: 11234: 11057: 11046: 11037: 11018: 9917:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 9789: 9245: 9172: 9160: 9117: 8804: 8333:Electronic Journal of Vedic Studies (EJVS) 8177: 7963: 7940:"Vedism and Brahmanism | Encyclopedia.com" 7847: 7845: 7643: 7589: 7510: 7214: 6079:and rebirth, but mention the belief in an 5764:, were also known in the Mitanni kingdom. 5564: 5247: 5233: 5211:Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 3428: 3414: 11390:Laumakis, Stephen J. (21 February 2008). 11369:Larson, Gerald James (2009). "Hinduism". 9530:. Oxford University Press. pp. 1–9. 8932:Maritain, Jacques; Watkin, E. I. (2005). 7964:McClelland, Norman C. (15 October 2018). 7880:Griffith, Ralph Thomas Hotchkin (1987) . 7714: 7320:, a stimulant drug (perhaps derived from 6530: 6230:, the sophisticated ritual of piling the 5868:, which gave prominence to the priestly ( 5767: 5730:, a stimulant drug (perhaps derived from 5437:, and important ethical concepts include 5413:). The rites of grave burials as well as 18437: 15970: 11554:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 11508: 11437: 11389: 11293:(Digital printing ed.). Routledge. 11213: 11009: 10785: 10674: 10478: 10454: 10204: 9961: 9808: 9752: 9750: 9748: 9746: 9744: 9742: 9484: 9452: 9258:South Asia Scholar Activist Collective, 9148: 9121:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism 9111: 9105: 9051: 8985: 8958: 8645: 8349: 8134: 8110: 8036: 7879: 7797: 7761: 7681: 7285: 7182: 7160: 6851: 6597:are both thought by some to derive from 6368: 6172: 5966: 5918:, the conquests of eastern empires from 5851: 5457: 5390:), and with local religious traditions. 31: 19759: 17262: 11457: 10976: 10686: 10581: 10230: 10228: 9925: 9740: 9738: 9736: 9734: 9732: 9730: 9728: 9726: 9724: 9722: 9427: 9320:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. ix–xx. 9313: 8938:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 7. 8904: 8713: 8552: 8540: 8523: 8511: 8293: 8281: 8269: 8257: 7967:Encyclopedia of Reincarnation and Karma 7851: 7842: 7780: 7728:. Groningen: Forsten. pp. 581–636. 7468: 7305: 7291: 7042:evolved out of the Shramana tradition. 6918:became more prominent and gave rise to 6847: 5465:refers to the oldest form of the Vedic 2305:Sources and classification of scripture 14: 20433: 11618: 11591: 11529: 11466: 11446: 11393:An Introduction to Buddhist Philosophy 11368: 11339:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. 11090: 10985: 10867: 10713: 10647: 10635: 10593: 10550: 10502: 10490: 10234: 9794:. Kessinger Publishing. pp. 1–8. 9779:. Oxford University Press. p. 32. 9678: 9567: 9523: 9464: 9340: 9207: 9020: 8874: 8854: 8839: 8810: 8689: 8612: 8385: 8320: 8216: 8146: 8048: 7836: 7726:The Vedas: Texts, language, and ritual 7693: 7614: 7446: 7336: 7210: 7206: 7198: 7171:); the idea of the world as illusion ( 6952: 5937: 5283:of the northwest Indian subcontinent ( 20400:Christianization of saints and feasts 20157:European Congress of Ethnic Religions 20111: 19902: 19758: 19665: 19556: 19210: 18938: 18850: 18816:History of theology (Greco-Abrahamic) 18411: 17261: 16419: 15969: 13474: 13436: 11801: 11568: 11549: 11475: 11334: 11193: 11184: 11163: 11150: 10848: 10819: 10620: 10569: 10466: 10396: 10320:Cf. Ramakrishna (1965) pp. 45–46 10177: 10150: 10123: 10096: 10069: 10042: 10015: 9988: 9931: 9824:The Vedas: With Illustrative Extracts 9756: 9713: 9606: 9408: 9396: 9118:Lochtefeld, James (2001). "Brahman". 8842:The Origin of the World's Mythologies 8701: 8600: 8588: 8564: 8454: 8415: 8228: 8192: 8158: 8087: 8019: 7809: 7708: 5706:from this culture, including the god 5668:, which in turn developed out of the 5218:Indo-European Etymological Dictionary 5190:Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture 927:Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation) 922:Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption) 11315:. Harvard University. Archived from 10758: 10360: 10225: 9719: 9633: 9370:David Christian (1 September 2011). 9282:'Hindutva Is Nothing But Brahminism' 9176:Buddhism in the Shadow of Brahmanism 9060:. Oxford University Press. pp.  8656: 8367: 7552:and the first Purānas were composed. 7276: 7018: 6669:in all of its various usages in the 6028:Who then knows whence it has arisen? 5652:Indo-European roots and syncreticism 5314:The Vedic religion has roots in the 18806:Evolutionary psychology of religion 13417: 11167:The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism 10239:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 87. 10130:. Penguin Books. pp. 447–448. 10103:. Penguin Books. pp. 200–201. 9790:Bloomfield, Maurice (1 June 2004). 9610:Buddhism: A very short introduction 9300:Raf Gelders, Willem Delders (2003), 8482:Roger D. Woodard (18 August 2006). 8010:, p. "an imagined 'Hinduism'". 7472:Hindu Ethics: A Philosophical Study 6397:Though a large number of names for 5486:Ancient Hinduism and Vedic Hinduism 5175:Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European 24: 17231:Religions and spiritual traditions 13477:Religious groups and denominations 11665: 11500:von Stietencron, Heinrich (2005). 11103:; Patton, Laurie L., eds. (2005). 10969: 10743: 9941:. Penguin Books. pp. 3, 365. 9662:"Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 4.4.5–6" 9550: 9009:, as the one impersonal substance. 7998:, pp. 231–237 with footnotes. 7348:Michaels: "They called themselves 6697: 6045: 5962: 5350:to the northwestern region of the 5342:(BMAC; 2250–1700 BCE) of south of 5197:The Horse, the Wheel, and Language 25: 20472: 11707: 11681:Contributions to Indian Sociology 11064:Contributions to Indian Sociology 11010:Beckwith, Christopher I. (2011). 10952: 10809:. Jaipur: Prakrit Bharti Academy. 10788:Brahmanism, Buddhism and Hinduism 10399:Journal for the Study of Religion 10049:. Penguin Books. pp. 66–67. 7412:Up to the late 19th century, the 7092:Rishikesh Complex of Ruru Kshetra 6568:, the meaning of the word satya ( 19558:Middle-Eastern and North African 18801:Evolutionary origin of religions 18391: 18382: 18381: 18195:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 17337:Democratic Republic of the Congo 13416: 13406: 13397: 13396: 13385: 12090: 11836: 11828: 11785: 11773: 11761: 11749: 10946: 10937: 10931: 10927:(Online Library ed.). 2009. 10916: 10898: 10888: 10880:Svarghese, Alexander P. (2008). 10873: 10842: 10822:A Comparative Study of Religions 10813: 10798: 10752: 10737: 10707: 10680: 10641: 10496: 10417: 10390: 10335: 10314: 10305: 10296: 10287: 10262: 10253: 10237:Classical Indian Ethical Thought 10198: 10171: 10144: 10117: 10090: 10063: 10036: 10009: 9982: 9955: 9886: 9866: 9841: 9783: 9768: 9764:. Susil Gupta. pp. 101–110. 9672: 9654: 9561: 9544: 9517: 9490: 9458: 9421: 9402: 9349:. Paulist Press. pp. 34ff. 9341:Kramer, Kenneth (January 1986). 9275: 9261:Hindutva Harassment Field Manual 9251: 9201: 9085:Monier-Williams, Monier (1891). 9024:Eastern Philosophy: Key Readings 8787:. Berkley Caliber. p. 299. 8657:West, Barbara A. (19 May 2010). 7555: 7489: 6385:, showing the ancient Vedic god 5975:sacrificial post of the time of 5204:Journal of Indo-European Studies 3968:Bible translations into Armenian 3459: 3395: 77: 16802:Evolutionary origin of religion 13386: 11575:. University of Chicago Press. 11420:Mannathukkaren, Nissim (2024). 11353:The Origin of the Indo-Iranians 10761:The American College Dictionary 10181:Hinduism: An alphabetical guide 10154:Hinduism: An alphabetical guide 10127:Hinduism: An alphabetical guide 10100:Hinduism: An alphabetical guide 10073:Hinduism: An alphabetical guide 10046:Hinduism: An alphabetical guide 10019:Hinduism: An alphabetical guide 9992:Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide 9500:Circulation of Fire in the Veda 9166: 9078: 9014: 8959:Robinson, Catherine A. (2014). 8952: 8925: 8880: 8848: 8833: 8817:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 8460: 8391: 8361: 8343: 8314: 8299: 7957: 7900: 7439: 7406: 7401:The Origin of the Indo-Iranians 7393: 7372: 7363: 7342: 7329: 7241:Both groups were rooted in the 6896:Continuation of orthodox ritual 5979:, 3rd century CE. Isapur, near 5664:and further developed into the 5660:family which originated in the 5552:instead of the later developed 3479:List of Indo-European languages 20172:Polytheistic reconstructionism 17153:Separation of church and state 15811:Polytheistic reconstructionism 13311:Relations with other religions 11629: 11396:. Cambridge University Press. 10851:The Jaina Path to Purification 10376:. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. 10184:. Penguin Books. p. 218. 10076:. Penguin Books. p. 175. 8811:Bezhan, Frud (19 April 2017). 6676:The term is also found in the 6320:The Gomedha or cow sacrifice: 5452: 5365:During the late Vedic period ( 165:Epic-Puranic royal genealogies 13: 1: 19667:Oceanian and Pacific Islander 14809:Traditional Sabahan religions 11623:. Princeton University Press. 11471:. Cambridge University Press. 11447:Muesse, Mark William (2003). 11189:. Cambridge University Press. 11159:. Cambridge University Press. 11058:Bronkhorst, Johannes (2017). 11047:Bronkhorst, Johannes (2016). 11019:Bronkhorst, Johannes (2007). 11014:. Princeton University Press. 10981:. Princeton University Press. 10157:. Penguin Books. p. 74. 10022:. Penguin Books. p. 49. 9995:. Penguin Books. p. 48. 9173:Bronkhorst, Johannes (2011). 9027:. Routledge. pp. 64–65. 8989:An Introduction to Philosophy 8935:An Introduction to Philosophy 7568: 6945:, some of the rituals of the 6117: 5832: 5786: 5736:) probably borrowed from the 5633: 5629: 5478: 5366: 5355: 5331: 5323: 5296: 4805:Proto-Indo-European mythology 4074:Paleolithic continuity theory 3226:Other society-related topics: 917:Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy) 19211: 13462: 11569:White, David Gordon (2006). 11550:White, David Gordon (2003). 11515:. Rowman & Littlefield. 11243:The Encyclopedia of Religion 10805:Kalghatgi, Dr. T.G. (1988). 9850:The Ancient History of India 9574:The Journal of Hindu Studies 9052:Biardeau, Madeleine (1994). 8642:, p. 1–5, 47–52, 74–77. 7546:classical period of Hinduism 7505:Jaiminiya Upanishad Brahmana 7094:– Vedic ritual site in Nepal 5995:, are mainly the four Vedic 5790:survives in the present-day 5684:Proto-Indo-European religion 5587:Proto-Indo-European religion 5318:culture and religion of the 4493:Northern Black Polished Ware 3692:Proto-Indo-European language 3337:Hinduism and other religions 2134:Chandrashekarendra Saraswati 7: 17011:National religiosity levels 16236:Nauruan Indigenous religion 15791:Hellenism (modern religion) 11509:Sullivan, Bruce M. (2001). 11485:. Pearson Education India. 11241:. In Jones, Lindsay (ed.). 11155:An Introduction to Hinduism 10995:. Oxford University Press. 10723:. SUNY Press. p. 114. 10424:Vivekananda, Swami (2005). 10293:Monier-Williams (1899:223b) 9634:Tull, Herman Wayne (1989). 9524:Sayers, Matthew R. (2013). 7528:or renouncer traditions of 7420:to Islam under the rule of 7064: 6856:The hymn 10.85 of the 6678:Proto-Indo-Iranian religion 6579: 6358: 6052:Proto-Indo-Iranian religion 5591:Proto-Indo-Iranian religion 5334:2000–1150 BCE) cultures of 4810:Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism 3082:Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram 3054:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 782:Arishadvargas (six enemies) 726:Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs) 721:Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body) 10: 20477: 19903: 16420: 11732:World History Encyclopedia 11440:Hinduism. Past and present 11415:. Oxford University Press. 11214:Halbfass, Wilhelm (1991). 11095:. Oxford University Press. 10977:Anthony, David W. (2007). 10964: 10693:. SUNY Press. p. 51. 10205:Bodewitz, Henk W. (2019). 9962:Olivelle, Patrick (1992). 9432:. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. 8986:Maritain, Jacques (2005). 8714:Minahan, James B. (2014). 8467:Pletcher, Kenneth (2010). 8399:The Indo-Aryan Controversy 7907:Stephanie Jamison (2015). 7711:, pp. 41–45, 220–223. 7696:, pp. 97–99, 113–118. 7169:jivanmukti; moksa; nirvana 7149:Jamison & Witzel (1992 7022: 6899: 6626: 6613: 6534: 6452: 6362: 6162: 6158: 6068:. The later layers of the 6049: 6022:Who will here proclaim it? 5843: 5836: 5568: 4106:Domestication of the horse 2958:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 1638:Gurus, sants, philosophers 1574:Akshar Purushottam Darshan 762:Uparati (self-settledness) 20461:Historical Vedic religion 20395:Christianity and paganism 20385: 20199: 20122: 20118: 20112: 20107: 19915: 19911: 19898: 19885: 19771: 19767: 19754: 19676: 19672: 19661: 19567: 19563: 19552: 19221: 19217: 19206: 18949: 18945: 18939: 18934: 18917: 18889: 18788: 18719: 18691: 18673: 18666: 18627: 18599: 18566: 18538: 18510: 18472: 18463: 18445: 18377: 18296: 18213: 18085: 17830: 17555: 17272: 17268: 17257: 17166: 17091: 16867: 16775: 16712: 16430: 16426: 16415: 15978: 15965: 15890: 15713: 15695:Transcendental Meditation 15588: 15575: 15540: 15288: 15265: 15254: 15181: 15144: 14888: 14784: 14766: 14710: 14701: 14618: 14546: 14397: 14388: 14346: 14318: 14276: 14209: 14200: 14191: 14157: 14124: 14096: 14087: 14037: 13904: 13591: 13505: 13496: 13487: 13483: 13470: 13383: 13210: 13175: 13001: 12936: 12843: 12770: 12763: 12662: 12565: 12556: 12464: 12350: 12307: 12274: 12192: 12166: 12138: 12129: 12108: 12099: 12088: 12007: 11876: 11867: 11846: 11619:Zimmer, Heinrich (1989). 11467:Samuel, Geoffrey (2010). 11170:. John Wiley & Sons. 10386:– via Google Books. 9792:Hymns of the Atharva Veda 9497:Atsushi Hayakawa (2014). 9314:Goodall, Dominic (2001). 8905:Županov, Ines G. (2005). 8718:. ABC-CLIO. p. 205. 8640:Jamison & Witzel 1992 8577:Melton & Baumann 2010 8123:Jamison & Witzel 1992 7970:. McFarland. p. 48. 7522:Indus Valley civilisation 7233:Indus Valley civilization 6990:develop the ideas of the 6389:and three-headed Erawan ( 6181:yajna being performed in 5825:, the native religion of 5775:Indus Valley civilization 5610:Indus Valley Civilisation 5596:Indo-Aryan Vedic religion 5540:Protestant Christianity. 5360:Indus Valley Civilisation 5340:Bactria–Marginana culture 4815:Historical Vedic religion 4092:Chalcolithic (Copper Age) 2124:Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati 777:Samadhana (concentration) 641:Three paths to liberation 148:Tribal religions in India 133:Historical Vedic religion 128:Indus Valley Civilisation 20456:Ancient Indian religions 17322:Central African Republic 14356:Vietnamese folk religion 13747:Charismatic Christianity 12455:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 11693:10.1177/0069966717717587 11592:Witzel, Michael (1995). 11453:. Great World Religions. 11345:Kuz'mina, Elena Efimovna 11335:Knipe, David M. (2015). 11235:Heesterman, Jan (2005). 11217:Tradition and Reflection 11151:Flood, Gavin D. (1996). 11076:10.1177/0069966717717587 10987:Basham, Arthur Llewellyn 10792:Philosophy East and West 10759:Hume, Robert E. (1966). 10687:Neville, Robert (2001). 10342:Day, Terence P. (1982). 9428:Krishan, Yuvraj (1997). 8855:Witzel, Michael (2005). 8840:Witzel, Michael (2012). 8739:by the Nuristani tribes. 8615:, pp. 48–51, 61–93. 8443:Mallory & Adams 2006 8431:Bryant & Patton 2005 8296:, pp. 375, 408–411. 7469:Perrett, Roy W. (1998). 7154:contradictio in terminis 7116: 7104:A Vedic Word Concordance 7077:Ancient Iranian religion 6982:or "knowledge" which is 6448: 6285:The royal consecration ( 6114:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 6007:, and some of the older 5714:. According to Anthony, 5700:Bactria–Margiana culture 5583:Indo-European migrations 5503:Heinrich von Stietencron 4820:Ancient Iranian religion 4183:Novotitarovskaya culture 4030:Indo-European migrations 953:, sacrifice, and charity 17216:New religious movements 16854:Theories about religion 16807:Evolutionary psychology 15836:Modern Finnish paganism 13823:Independent Catholicism 12534:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 11719:Encyclopædia Britannica 11651:Encyclopedia Britannica 11438:Michaels, Axel (2004). 11424:. Taylor & Francis. 11411:Mallory; Adams (2006). 11238:"Vedism and Brahmanism" 10925:Encyclopædia Britannica 10648:Eliade, Mircea (2011). 10503:Eliade, Mircea (2011). 10330:Duchesne-Guillemin 1963 9417:(18): 451–453, 459–468. 9021:Leaman, Oliver (2002). 8892:Encyclopædia Britannica 7664:Encyclopedia Britannica 7190:Encyclopædia Britannica 7003:gradually evolved into 6745:in part corresponds to 6657:Owing to the nature of 6355:)". (RV 10.15.14) 5565:Origins and development 5513:through sects based on 4321:Northern/Eastern Steppe 3131:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 2344:Timeline of Hindu texts 2249:Siddharameshwar Maharaj 1277:Pumsavana Simantonayana 932:Śabda (word, testimony) 170:Epic-Puranic chronology 138:Dravidian folk religion 20303:Religion and mythology 20229:Dying and rising deity 20209:Veneration of the dead 19943:Native American Church 17865:Bosnia and Herzegovina 15851:Erzyan native religion 15700:Unitarian Universalism 15089:Native American Church 13867:Oneness Pentecostalism 12509:Eighteen Greater Texts 11512:The A to Z of Hinduism 11091:Bryant, Edwin (2001). 10469:, pp. 82, 224–49. 10235:Tiwari, K. N. (1998). 10178:Dalal, Roshen (2010). 10151:Dalal, Roshen (2010). 10124:Dalal, Roshen (2010). 10097:Dalal, Roshen (2010). 10070:Dalal, Roshen (2010). 10043:Dalal, Roshen (2010). 10016:Dalal, Roshen (2010). 9989:Dalal, Roshen (2010). 9893:Renou, Louis (1985) . 9607:Keown, Damien (2013). 9465:Ranade, R. D. (1926). 9430:Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan 9208:Chande, M. B. (1998). 9091:. J. Murray. pp.  6997: 6861: 6680:, the religion of the 6635:. The derivative noun 6590: 6531:Ethics – satya and rta 6394: 6377:("Temple of Dawn") in 6185: 6043: 5988: 5953:anti-Brahmin opponents 5858:region stretching from 5768:South Asian influences 5742: 5658:Indo-European language 5529:Hindu reform movements 5305:shaped modern Hinduism 4792:Religion and mythology 4751:Medieval Scandinavians 4042:Alternative and fringe 3096:Eighteen Greater Texts 2725:Brahma Vaivarta Purana 2154:Krishnananda Saraswati 1393:Vijayadashami-Dussehra 907:Pratyakṣa (perception) 767:Titiksha (forbearance) 55: 18796:Evolution of morality 18185:Saint Kitts and Nevis 17482:São Tomé and Príncipe 17342:Republic of the Congo 15548:Aboriginal Australian 14219:Chinese folk religion 13262:Hindu gurus and sants 12514:Eighteen Lesser Texts 11185:Flood, Gavin (2020). 11164:Flood, Gavin (2008). 11107:. London: Routledge. 11050:How the Brahmains Won 10905:Dundas, Paul (2002). 10274:Encyclopaedia Iranica 9551:Sayers, Matthew Rae. 9211:Kautilyan Arthasastra 8397:Bryant, Edwin. 2001. 8373:The Making of History 7748:. section 1.5.2. 7646:, pp. 9552–9553. 7399:See Kuzʹmina (2007), 7298:and the ritual drink 6972: 6855: 6372: 6195:involving oblations ( 6176: 6017: 5970: 5852:Historical Brahminism 5716: 5710:and the ritual drink 5575:Indo-Aryan migrations 5569:Further information: 5458:Vedism and Brahmanism 5401:involving oblations ( 5307:, though present-day 5142:Indo-European studies 4505:Peoples and societies 3212:Varna-related topics: 3103:Eighteen Lesser Texts 2676:Devi Bhagavata Purana 1567:Svabhavika Bhedabheda 1553:Achintya Bheda Abheda 1485:Philosophical schools 787:Ahamkara (attachment) 747:Vairagya (dispassion) 675:Mokṣa-related topics: 54:is labeled in maroon. 35: 19572:Ancient Near Eastern 19359:Hellenistic religion 18450:Timeline of religion 18439:History of religions 17807:United Arab Emirates 16598:Religious experience 15972:Historical religions 14376:Đạo Bửu Sơn Kỳ Hương 13708:Schwenkfelder Church 13252:Anti-Hindu sentiment 11673:Bronkhorst, Johannes 11621:Phiosophies of India 11539:Education About Asia 11530:Welbon, Guy (2004). 11124:History of Religions 10849:Jaini, P.S. (1979). 10744:Fowler, Jeaneane D. 10270:"AṦA (Asha "Truth")" 9879:Encyclopædia Iranica 8469:The History of India 8306:Kenoyer, M. (1998). 8061:von Stietencron 2005 7996:von Stietencron 2005 7944:www.encyclopedia.com 7383:Anatolian hypothesis 6848:Post-Vedic religions 6710:, slays the dragon ( 6682:Indo-Iranian peoples 4049:Anatolian hypothesis 4001:Proto-Indo-Europeans 3908:Hittite inscriptions 3453:Indo-European topics 3344:Hinduism and Jainism 2274:Vethathiri Maharishi 2179:Nisargadatta Maharaj 742:Viveka (discernment) 117:(500/200 BCE–300 CE) 20441:Hindu denominations 20405:Constantinian shift 20127:Neopagan witchcraft 19761:Sub-Saharan African 18654:Kardecist spiritism 18200:Trinidad and Tobago 18095:Antigua and Barbuda 17263:Religion by country 16324:Cult of Magna Mater 14846:Philippine Dayawism 14427:Nimbarka Sampradaya 14175:Chinese Manichaeism 13847:Jehovah's Witnesses 13652:Proto-Protestantism 13358:Hinduism by country 12524:Iraiyanar Akapporul 12484:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 11607:(4). Archived from 11504:. Orient Blackswan. 11458:Osborne, E (2005), 11042:. Walter deGruyter. 10884:. pp. 259–260. 8663:Infobase Publishing 8526:, pp. 454–455. 8445:, pp. 460–461. 8357:. pp. 349–378. 8272:, pp. 410–411. 8008:Mannathukkaren 2024 7542:Second Urbanisation 6986:literature. So the 6953:Mīmāṃsā and Vedanta 6706:who, inebriated by 6608:Proto-Indo-European 6339:The Hindu rites of 6313:referred to in the 6219:The four seasonal ( 6131:. It was a complex 5938:As a polemical term 5362:(2600–1900 BCE). 5352:Indian subcontinent 5326:2200–1750 BCE) and 4305:Multi-cordoned ware 4176:Mikhaylovka culture 4064:Indigenous Aryanism 4054:Armenian hypothesis 3913:Hieroglyphic Luwian 3402:Hinduism portal 3281:Hinduism by country 3117:Iraiyanar Akapporul 3061:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 2144:Dayananda Saraswati 2129:Bhaktivinoda Thakur 2035:Sripada Srivallabha 1975:Raghunatha Siromani 1940:Narasimha Saraswati 1840:Santadas Kathiababa 912:Anumāṇa (inference) 20345:Trees in mythology 20340:Supernatural magic 20249:Magic and religion 18811:History of atheism 18135:Dominican Republic 17181:Abrahamic prophets 16275:Proto-Indo-Iranian 14819:Aliran Kepercayaan 14022:Non-denominational 13944:Modernist Salafism 13630:Oriental Orthodoxy 11552:Kiss of the Yogini 10820:Masih, Y. (2000). 9693:10.1111/rec3.12155 9586:10.1093/jhs/hiv034 7743:"Kalasha religion" 7532:, and "popular or 7418:forcibly converted 7072:Pushyamitra Shunga 6862: 6749:, the Sky Father, 6599:Proto-Indo-Iranian 6395: 6351:) and uncremated ( 6345:Cemetery H culture 6186: 5989: 5886:Kuru-Pancala realm 5291:plain) during the 5281:Indo-Aryan peoples 3885:Proto-Indo-Iranian 3871:Proto-Balto-Slavic 3852:Proto-Italo-Celtic 3296:Caribbean Shaktism 3015:Kanakadhara Stotra 2264:U. G. Krishnamurti 2244:Satyadhyana Tirtha 1835:Gangesha Upadhyaya 1493:Six Astika schools 737:Ānanda (happiness) 716:Anātman (non-self) 56: 20428: 20427: 20193: 20192: 20189: 20188: 20185: 20184: 20103: 20102: 20099: 20098: 19879: 19878: 19875: 19874: 19871: 19870: 19750: 19749: 19746: 19745: 19657: 19656: 19653: 19652: 19548: 19547: 19544: 19543: 19497:Mysteries of Isis 19202: 19201: 19198: 19197: 18844: 18843: 18784: 18783: 18662: 18661: 18405: 18404: 18373: 18372: 18369: 18368: 17357:Equatorial Guinea 17253: 17252: 17249: 17248: 16792:Cognitive science 16411: 16410: 16344:Mysteries of Isis 16118:Frankish paganism 15961: 15960: 15957: 15956: 15953: 15952: 15705:White Brotherhood 15571: 15570: 15536: 15535: 14880:Sundanese Wiwitan 14697: 14696: 14693: 14692: 14422:Brahma Sampradaya 14384: 14383: 14187: 14186: 14183: 14182: 14165:Assianism/Uatsdin 14083: 14082: 13852:British Israelism 13838:Nontrinitarianism 13801:Plymouth Brethren 13796:Nondenominational 13730:Congregationalism 13618:Eastern Orthodoxy 13566:Reconstructionist 13430: 13429: 13206: 13205: 12759: 12758: 12552: 12551: 12466:Sangam literature 12422:Yājñavalkya Smṛti 12270: 12269: 12086: 12085: 11522:978-0-8108-4070-6 11492:978-81-317-1120-0 11382:978-1-61164-047-2 11322:on 5 October 2003 10942:. pp. 78–83. 10661:978-0-226-02735-7 10516:978-0-226-02735-7 10457:, pp. 36–38. 10427:Prabuddha Bharata 10218:978-90-04-39864-1 10191:978-0-14-341421-6 10164:978-0-14-341421-6 10137:978-0-14-341421-6 10110:978-0-14-341421-6 10083:978-0-14-341421-6 10056:978-0-14-341421-6 10029:978-0-14-341421-6 10002:978-0-14-341421-6 9975:978-0-19-536137-7 9948:978-0-14-309986-4 9874:"Haoma i. Botany" 9668:on 13 April 2013. 9647:978-0-7914-0094-4 9620:978-0-19-966383-5 9537:978-0-19-989643-1 9510:978-3-643-90472-0 9455:, pp. 90–99. 9439:978-81-208-1233-8 9411:Journal Asiatique 9399:, pp. 206ff. 9383:978-0-520-95067-2 9356:978-0-8091-2781-8 9327:978-81-208-1770-8 9186:978-90-04-20140-8 9179:. Leiden: Brill. 9151:, pp. 37–39. 9071:978-0-19-563389-4 9034:978-1-134-68918-7 8999:978-0-7425-5053-7 8972:978-1-134-27891-6 8945:978-0-7425-5053-7 8877:, pp. 74–75. 8495:978-0-252-09295-4 8375:. pp. 41–55. 8351:Ratnagar, Shereen 8195:, pp. 30–35. 8137:, pp. 32–36. 7977:978-0-7864-5675-8 7863:978-81-223-1007-8 7854:Indian Scriptures 7482:978-0-8248-2085-5 7463:978-1-135-24061-5 7422:Abdur Rahman Khan 7389:Indigenous Aryans 7282:BMAC-influences: 7259:Sintashta culture 7087:Iranian mythology 7019:Sramana tradition 6515:Narayana, Kanva, 6477:Gautama Maharishi 6269:The Atyagnishtoma 6020:Who really knows? 5916:Sramanic movement 5805:are practiced in 5688:Andronovo culture 5666:Andronovo culture 5662:Sintashta culture 5257: 5256: 4518:Anatolian peoples 4488:Painted Grey Ware 4376:Nordic Bronze Age 4025:Kurgan hypothesis 3978:Old Irish glosses 3943:Gaulish epigraphy 3438: 3437: 3289:Balinese Hinduism 2788:Markandeya Purana 2025:Satyanatha Tirtha 1980:Raghuttama Tirtha 1970:Raghavendra Swami 1810:Ramdas Kathiababa 891:Sources of dharma 757:Dama (temperance) 752:Sama (equanimity) 118: 16:(Redirected from 20468: 20387:Christianization 20177:Secular paganism 20162:Goddess movement 20132:Cochrane's Craft 20120: 20119: 20109: 20108: 19913: 19912: 19900: 19899: 19896: 19895: 19769: 19768: 19756: 19755: 19674: 19673: 19663: 19662: 19565: 19564: 19554: 19553: 19369:Sacred mysteries 19219: 19218: 19208: 19207: 18947: 18946: 18936: 18935: 18932: 18931: 18921:ethnic religions 18871: 18864: 18857: 18848: 18847: 18671: 18670: 18470: 18469: 18432: 18425: 18418: 18409: 18408: 18395: 18385: 18384: 18263:Papua New Guinea 18238:Marshall Islands 18065:Northern Ireland 17270: 17269: 17259: 17258: 17143:Secular theology 17138:Secular humanism 16428: 16427: 16417: 16416: 16292:Ancestral Pueblo 15967: 15966: 15586: 15585: 15263: 15262: 14708: 14707: 14464:Shaiva Siddhanta 14395: 14394: 14328:Korean shamanism 14207: 14206: 14198: 14197: 14094: 14093: 14007:Mahdawi movement 13877:Swedenborgianism 13857:Christadelphians 13503: 13502: 13494: 13493: 13485: 13484: 13472: 13471: 13457: 13450: 13443: 13434: 13433: 13420: 13419: 13410: 13400: 13399: 13389: 13388: 13299:Pilgrimage sites 13053:Ganesh Chaturthi 12768: 12767: 12563: 12562: 12544:Vedarthasamgraha 12539:Vinayagar Agaval 12504:Five Great Epics 12479:Divya Prabandham 12392:Minor Upanishads 12136: 12135: 12106: 12105: 12094: 12093: 11874: 11873: 11840: 11832: 11822: 11815: 11808: 11799: 11798: 11790: 11789: 11778: 11777: 11776: 11766: 11765: 11764: 11754: 11753: 11745: 11736: 11722: 11715:"Vedic religion" 11703: 11659: 11658: 11647:"Vedic religion" 11643: 11624: 11615: 11614:on 11 June 2007. 11613: 11598: 11586: 11565: 11546: 11536: 11526: 11505: 11496: 11472: 11463: 11462:, Folens Limited 11454: 11443: 11434: 11425: 11416: 11407: 11386: 11365: 11340: 11331: 11329: 11327: 11321: 11314: 11310:"Vedic Hinduism" 11304: 11285:Hiltebeitel, Alf 11280: 11261:Hiltebeitel, Alf 11256: 11240: 11231: 11210: 11190: 11187:Hindu Monotheism 11181: 11160: 11158: 11147: 11118: 11101:Bryant, Edwin F. 11096: 11087: 11054: 11043: 11034: 11015: 11006: 10982: 10959: 10958: 10950: 10944: 10943: 10935: 10929: 10928: 10920: 10914: 10913: 10902: 10896: 10892: 10886: 10885: 10877: 10871: 10865: 10859: 10858: 10846: 10840: 10839: 10817: 10811: 10810: 10807:Study of Jainism 10802: 10796: 10795: 10783: 10772: 10771: 10756: 10750: 10749: 10741: 10735: 10734: 10711: 10705: 10704: 10684: 10678: 10672: 10666: 10665: 10645: 10639: 10633: 10624: 10618: 10609: 10606:Hiltebeitel 2007 10603: 10597: 10596:, p. 48-53. 10591: 10585: 10579: 10573: 10567: 10554: 10548: 10542: 10539:Hiltebeitel 2007 10536: 10521: 10520: 10500: 10494: 10488: 10482: 10476: 10470: 10464: 10458: 10452: 10446: 10445: 10421: 10415: 10414: 10394: 10388: 10387: 10364: 10358: 10357: 10339: 10333: 10327: 10321: 10318: 10312: 10309: 10303: 10302:Mahony (1998:3). 10300: 10294: 10291: 10285: 10284: 10282: 10280: 10266: 10260: 10257: 10251: 10250: 10232: 10223: 10222: 10202: 10196: 10195: 10175: 10169: 10168: 10148: 10142: 10141: 10121: 10115: 10114: 10094: 10088: 10087: 10067: 10061: 10060: 10040: 10034: 10033: 10013: 10007: 10006: 9986: 9980: 9979: 9959: 9953: 9952: 9929: 9923: 9922: 9916: 9908: 9895:L'Inde Classique 9890: 9884: 9883: 9870: 9864: 9863: 9845: 9839: 9838: 9819: 9806: 9805: 9787: 9781: 9780: 9772: 9766: 9765: 9754: 9717: 9711: 9705: 9704: 9681:Religion Compass 9676: 9670: 9669: 9658: 9652: 9651: 9631: 9625: 9624: 9604: 9598: 9597: 9565: 9559: 9558: 9548: 9542: 9541: 9521: 9515: 9514: 9494: 9488: 9482: 9476: 9475: 9462: 9456: 9450: 9444: 9443: 9425: 9419: 9418: 9406: 9400: 9394: 9388: 9387: 9367: 9361: 9360: 9348: 9338: 9332: 9331: 9317:Hindu Scriptures 9311: 9305: 9298: 9289: 9279: 9273: 9272: 9255: 9249: 9243: 9234: 9233: 9205: 9199: 9198: 9170: 9164: 9158: 9152: 9146: 9140: 9139: 9115: 9109: 9103: 9097: 9096: 9082: 9076: 9075: 9059: 9049: 9043: 9042: 9018: 9012: 9011: 8983: 8977: 8976: 8956: 8950: 8949: 8929: 8923: 8922: 8902: 8896: 8895: 8884: 8878: 8872: 8866: 8865: 8863: 8852: 8846: 8845: 8837: 8831: 8830: 8825: 8823: 8808: 8802: 8801: 8780: 8774: 8773: 8748: 8742: 8741: 8711: 8705: 8704:, pp. 1–50. 8699: 8693: 8687: 8681: 8680: 8654: 8643: 8637: 8628: 8627:, pp. 8–10. 8625:Hiltebeitel 2007 8622: 8616: 8610: 8604: 8598: 8592: 8586: 8580: 8574: 8568: 8562: 8556: 8550: 8544: 8538: 8527: 8521: 8515: 8509: 8500: 8499: 8479: 8473: 8472: 8464: 8458: 8452: 8446: 8440: 8434: 8428: 8419: 8413: 8402: 8395: 8389: 8383: 8377: 8376: 8365: 8359: 8358: 8347: 8341: 8340: 8330: 8318: 8312: 8311: 8303: 8297: 8291: 8285: 8279: 8273: 8267: 8261: 8255: 8244: 8241:Hiltebeitel 2007 8238: 8232: 8226: 8220: 8219:, p. 53–56. 8214: 8208: 8205:Hiltebeitel 2007 8202: 8196: 8190: 8181: 8180:, pp. 9–10. 8175: 8162: 8156: 8150: 8144: 8138: 8132: 8126: 8120: 8114: 8108: 8091: 8085: 8079: 8073: 8064: 8058: 8052: 8046: 8040: 8034: 8023: 8017: 8011: 8005: 7999: 7993: 7982: 7981: 7961: 7955: 7954: 7952: 7950: 7936: 7925: 7924: 7904: 7898: 7897: 7877: 7868: 7867: 7856:. Pustak Mahal. 7849: 7840: 7834: 7813: 7807: 7801: 7795: 7784: 7778: 7765: 7759: 7750: 7749: 7747: 7739: 7730: 7729: 7721: 7712: 7706: 7697: 7691: 7685: 7679: 7668: 7667: 7660:"Vedic religion" 7656: 7647: 7641: 7618: 7612: 7593: 7587: 7562: 7559: 7553: 7534:local traditions 7514: 7508: 7493: 7487: 7486: 7467: 7443: 7437: 7410: 7404: 7397: 7391: 7376: 7370: 7367: 7361: 7346: 7340: 7333: 7327: 7280: 7274: 7245:-culture in the 7229: 7218: 7203:Hiltebeitel 2002 7144:ancient Hinduism 7140: 7098:Vedic priesthood 7082:Hinduism in Iran 6722:, the cows, and 6633: 6632: 6620: 6619: 6595: 6582: 6365:Rigvedic deities 6309:The rituals and 6248:The Jyotishtoma 6145:Ancestor worship 6119: 6104:, predating the 5882:Smarta tradition 5788: 5635: 5631: 5492:ancient Hinduism 5480: 5368: 5357: 5333: 5325: 5298: 5287:and the western 5273:ancient Hinduism 5271:, and sometimes 5249: 5242: 5235: 5090: 5083: 5069: 5062: 5055: 5041: 5034: 5027: 5020: 5013: 4938: 4924: 4917: 4903: 4881: 4874: 4867: 4858: 4693: 4686: 4679: 4672: 4665: 4648:Germanic peoples 4638:Hellenic peoples 4627: 4620: 4613: 4536:Mycenaean Greeks 4525: 4453:Thraco-Cimmerian 4351:Globular Amphora 4328:Abashevo culture 4267: 4260: 4230: 4185: 4178: 4171: 4164: 4157: 4150: 4143: 4136: 3973:Tocharian script 3676: 3669: 3662: 3655: 3648: 3641: 3634: 3627: 3594: 3580: 3573: 3566: 3552: 3528: 3521: 3502: 3463: 3440: 3439: 3430: 3423: 3416: 3400: 3399: 3398: 3360:and Christianity 3330:Pilgrimage sites 3260:Reform movements 3138:Vinayagar Agaval 3089:Five Great Epics 3038:Tamil literature 2937:Sushruta Samhita 2732:Bhavishya Purana 2718:Brahmanda Purana 2669:Bhagavata Purana 2597:Other scriptures 2159:Mahavatar Babaji 1734:Satyakama Jabala 1405:Ganesh Chaturthi 1259:Rites of passage 772:Shraddha (faith) 190:Major traditions 116: 81: 58: 57: 21: 20476: 20475: 20471: 20470: 20469: 20467: 20466: 20465: 20431: 20430: 20429: 20424: 20381: 20281:Myth and ritual 20201:Myth and ritual 20195: 20194: 20181: 20114: 20095: 20048:Turko-Mongolic 19907: 19888: 19881: 19880: 19867: 19763: 19742: 19668: 19649: 19559: 19540: 19213: 19194: 19063:Hindu mythology 18941: 18925: 18923: 18919: 18913: 18885: 18882:modern paganism 18875: 18845: 18840: 18780: 18761:Illyro-thracian 18715: 18687: 18658: 18623: 18595: 18562: 18534: 18506: 18459: 18441: 18436: 18406: 18401: 18365: 18292: 18273:Solomon Islands 18209: 18081: 17985:North Macedonia 17826: 17551: 17264: 17245: 17206:Mass gatherings 17174: 17169: 17162: 17101: 17096: 17087: 17026:Religiocentrism 17006:National church 16874: 16871: 16863: 16778: 16771: 16708: 16630:Bodies of water 16422: 16407: 16192:Jamaican Maroon 15974: 15949: 15886: 15716: 15709: 15580: 15578: 15567: 15532: 15506:Trinidad Orisha 15291: 15284: 15257: 15250: 15177: 15140: 14891: 14884: 14780: 14762: 14689: 14663:Srilankan Vedda 14614: 14542: 14417:Sri Vaishnavism 14380: 14342: 14314: 14272: 14179: 14153: 14120: 14079: 14033: 13958:Twelver Shi'ism 13900: 13762:Neo-charismatic 13735:Presbyterianism 13587: 13479: 13466: 13461: 13431: 13426: 13393: 13379: 13202: 13171: 13162:Vasant Panchami 13096:Pahela Baishakh 13078:Makar Sankranti 12997: 12932: 12839: 12755: 12658: 12548: 12529:Abhirami Antati 12499:Kamba Ramayanam 12460: 12346: 12303: 12266: 12188: 12162: 12125: 12095: 12082: 12066:Vishishtadvaita 12003: 11863: 11842: 11826: 11796: 11784: 11774: 11772: 11762: 11760: 11748: 11740: 11725: 11713: 11710: 11671: 11668: 11666:Further reading 11663: 11662: 11645: 11644: 11637: 11632: 11627: 11611: 11596: 11583: 11562: 11534: 11523: 11493: 11404: 11383: 11363: 11325: 11323: 11319: 11312: 11301: 11277: 11253: 11228: 11208: 11178: 11115: 11031: 11003: 10972: 10970:Printed sources 10967: 10962: 10951: 10947: 10936: 10932: 10922: 10921: 10917: 10903: 10899: 10893: 10889: 10878: 10874: 10866: 10862: 10847: 10843: 10832: 10818: 10814: 10803: 10799: 10784: 10775: 10757: 10753: 10742: 10738: 10731: 10712: 10708: 10701: 10690:Religious Truth 10685: 10681: 10673: 10669: 10662: 10646: 10642: 10634: 10627: 10619: 10612: 10604: 10600: 10592: 10588: 10580: 10576: 10568: 10557: 10549: 10545: 10537: 10524: 10517: 10501: 10497: 10489: 10485: 10477: 10473: 10465: 10461: 10453: 10449: 10442: 10422: 10418: 10395: 10391: 10384: 10373:Vedic Mythology 10368:Macdonell, A.A. 10365: 10361: 10354: 10340: 10336: 10328: 10324: 10319: 10315: 10310: 10306: 10301: 10297: 10292: 10288: 10278: 10276: 10268: 10267: 10263: 10258: 10254: 10247: 10233: 10226: 10219: 10203: 10199: 10192: 10176: 10172: 10165: 10149: 10145: 10138: 10122: 10118: 10111: 10095: 10091: 10084: 10068: 10064: 10057: 10041: 10037: 10030: 10014: 10010: 10003: 9987: 9983: 9976: 9960: 9956: 9949: 9930: 9926: 9910: 9909: 9905: 9891: 9887: 9872: 9871: 9867: 9860: 9846: 9842: 9835: 9821: 9820: 9809: 9802: 9788: 9784: 9773: 9769: 9755: 9720: 9712: 9708: 9677: 9673: 9660: 9659: 9655: 9648: 9632: 9628: 9621: 9605: 9601: 9566: 9562: 9549: 9545: 9538: 9522: 9518: 9511: 9495: 9491: 9483: 9479: 9463: 9459: 9451: 9447: 9440: 9426: 9422: 9407: 9403: 9395: 9391: 9384: 9368: 9364: 9357: 9339: 9335: 9328: 9312: 9308: 9299: 9292: 9288:, 5 April 2002. 9280: 9276: 9256: 9252: 9246:Bronkhorst 2015 9244: 9237: 9222: 9206: 9202: 9187: 9171: 9167: 9161:Bronkhorst 2017 9159: 9155: 9147: 9143: 9136: 9116: 9112: 9104: 9100: 9083: 9079: 9072: 9050: 9046: 9035: 9019: 9015: 9000: 8984: 8980: 8973: 8957: 8953: 8946: 8930: 8926: 8919: 8903: 8899: 8894:. 12 July 2024. 8886: 8885: 8881: 8873: 8869: 8861: 8853: 8849: 8838: 8834: 8821: 8819: 8809: 8805: 8795: 8781: 8777: 8767: 8759:. p. 111. 8749: 8745: 8726: 8712: 8708: 8700: 8696: 8688: 8684: 8673: 8665:. p. 357. 8655: 8646: 8638: 8631: 8623: 8619: 8611: 8607: 8599: 8595: 8587: 8583: 8579:, p. 1412. 8575: 8571: 8563: 8559: 8551: 8547: 8539: 8530: 8522: 8518: 8510: 8503: 8496: 8480: 8476: 8465: 8461: 8453: 8449: 8441: 8437: 8429: 8422: 8414: 8405: 8396: 8392: 8384: 8380: 8366: 8362: 8348: 8344: 8328: 8322:Witzel, Michael 8319: 8315: 8304: 8300: 8292: 8288: 8280: 8276: 8268: 8264: 8256: 8247: 8243:, pp. 5–7. 8239: 8235: 8227: 8223: 8215: 8211: 8203: 8199: 8191: 8184: 8178:Bronkhorst 2016 8176: 8165: 8157: 8153: 8149:, pp. 3–4. 8145: 8141: 8133: 8129: 8121: 8117: 8109: 8094: 8086: 8082: 8074: 8067: 8063:, pp. 231. 8059: 8055: 8047: 8043: 8035: 8026: 8018: 8014: 8006: 8002: 7994: 7985: 7978: 7962: 7958: 7948: 7946: 7938: 7937: 7928: 7921: 7905: 7901: 7894: 7878: 7871: 7864: 7850: 7843: 7835: 7816: 7808: 7804: 7796: 7787: 7779: 7768: 7760: 7753: 7745: 7741: 7740: 7733: 7722: 7715: 7707: 7700: 7692: 7688: 7680: 7671: 7658: 7657: 7650: 7644:Heesterman 2005 7642: 7621: 7613: 7596: 7590:Bronkhorst 2007 7588: 7575: 7571: 7566: 7565: 7560: 7556: 7538:Hindu synthesis 7515: 7511: 7494: 7490: 7483: 7464: 7444: 7440: 7411: 7407: 7398: 7394: 7386: 7380: 7377: 7373: 7368: 7364: 7347: 7343: 7334: 7330: 7281: 7277: 7272: 7266: 7240: 7230: 7221: 7215:Bronkhorst 2007 7186: 7185:, pp. 1–2) 7180: 7159: 7147: 7141: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7067: 7039: 7023:Main articles: 7021: 6955: 6904: 6898: 6850: 6700: 6698:Vedic mythology 6630: 6617: 6543: 6533: 6457: 6451: 6367: 6361: 6298:horse sacrifice 6251:The Agnishtoma 6209:or oblation to 6171: 6163:Main articles: 6161: 6054: 6048: 6046:Characteristics 6042: 6029: 6027: 6025: 6023: 6021: 5965: 5963:Textual history 5940: 5854: 5849: 5842: 5839:Brahmic scripts 5835: 5770: 5692:Zeravshan River 5672:culture of the 5654: 5598: 5593: 5567: 5488: 5460: 5455: 5411:horse sacrifice 5336:Eurasian Steppe 5259:The historical 5253: 5224: 5223: 5156:Marija Gimbutas 5144: 5134: 5133: 5125:Winter solstice 5115:Horse sacrifice 5086: 5079: 5065: 5058: 5051: 5037: 5030: 5023: 5016: 5009: 4962: 4947: 4934: 4920: 4913: 4899: 4890: 4877: 4870: 4863: 4854: 4845: 4824: 4793: 4785: 4784: 4727: 4714: 4689: 4682: 4675: 4668: 4661: 4623: 4616: 4609: 4600: 4582: 4569: 4556: 4527: 4521: 4506: 4498: 4497: 4471: 4448: 4435: 4423: 4404: 4346: 4323: 4285: 4278: 4272: 4263: 4256: 4247: 4245:Northern Europe 4226: 4222: 4209: 4196: 4181: 4174: 4167: 4160: 4153: 4146: 4139: 4132: 4128:Steppe cultures 4101: 4094: 4087: 4079: 4078: 4069:Baltic homeland 4043: 4039: 4035:Eurasian nomads 4019: 4015: 3991: 3983: 3982: 3953:Runic epigraphy 3948:Latin epigraphy 3903: 3895: 3894: 3832:Proto-Anatolian 3816: 3771: 3767:Thraco-Illyrian 3752:Graeco-Phrygian 3742:Graeco-Armenian 3737:Graeco-Albanian 3716: 3694: 3681: 3672: 3665: 3658: 3651: 3644: 3637: 3630: 3623: 3590: 3576: 3569: 3562: 3548: 3524: 3517: 3498: 3483: 3475: 3473: 3434: 3396: 3394: 3375: 3374: 3368: 3338: 3304: 3283: 3275: 3265: 3264: 3227: 3160: 3152: 3144: 3143: 3040: 3008: 2930:Charaka Samhita 2909:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra 2867:Shilpa Shastras 2846: 2799: 2683:Naradiya Purana 2655: 2650: 2625: 2599: 2558: 2422: 2354: 2338: 2307: 2299: 2289: 2288: 2234:Shirdi Sai Baba 2229:Sathya Sai Baba 2209:Ramana Maharshi 2113: 2080:Vadiraja Tirtha 2075:Vācaspati Miśra 1955:Srinivasacharya 1935:Narahari Tirtha 1915:Matsyendranatha 1900:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa 1865:Jagannatha Dasa 1855:Haridasa Thakur 1769: 1648: 1640: 1630: 1629: 1585: 1546:Vishishtadvaita 1495: 1487: 1477: 1476: 1430:Makar Sankranti 1410:Vasant Panchami 1373:Maha Shivaratri 1357: 1261: 1170: 1104: 1073: 954: 945: 937: 936: 901: 795: 732:Prajña (wisdom) 728: 705: 669: 643: 612: 581: 579:Meaning of life 566:God in Hinduism 555: 519: 517:Supreme reality 494:Subtle elements 483: 464: 458: 448: 447: 303: 272: 246: 238: 228: 227: 224: 191: 185: 175: 174: 119: 114:Hindu synthesis 110: 105: 48:Greater Magadha 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 20474: 20464: 20463: 20458: 20453: 20448: 20443: 20426: 20425: 20423: 20422: 20420:Virtuous pagan 20417: 20415:Religio licita 20412: 20407: 20402: 20397: 20391: 20389: 20383: 20382: 20380: 20379: 20377:Animal worship 20374: 20369: 20364: 20359: 20358: 20357: 20352: 20342: 20337: 20336: 20335: 20330: 20320: 20315: 20310: 20305: 20300: 20295: 20290: 20289: 20288: 20283: 20273: 20272: 20271: 20266: 20261: 20251: 20246: 20241: 20236: 20231: 20226: 20221: 20216: 20211: 20205: 20203: 20197: 20196: 20191: 20190: 20187: 20186: 20183: 20182: 20180: 20179: 20174: 20169: 20164: 20159: 20154: 20149: 20144: 20139: 20137:Feri Tradition 20134: 20129: 20123: 20116: 20115: 20105: 20104: 20101: 20100: 20097: 20096: 20094: 20093: 20092: 20091: 20086: 20081: 20076: 20071: 20061: 20060: 20059: 20054: 20046: 20041: 20036: 20031: 20026: 20021: 20016: 20011: 20006: 20001: 19996: 19991: 19990: 19989: 19984: 19979: 19969: 19968: 19967: 19962: 19952: 19947: 19946: 19945: 19940: 19932: 19931: 19930: 19925: 19916: 19909: 19908: 19893: 19891: 19883: 19882: 19877: 19876: 19873: 19872: 19869: 19868: 19866: 19865: 19860: 19855: 19850: 19845: 19840: 19835: 19830: 19825: 19820: 19815: 19810: 19805: 19804: 19803: 19798: 19793: 19788: 19778: 19772: 19765: 19764: 19752: 19751: 19748: 19747: 19744: 19743: 19741: 19740: 19739: 19738: 19733: 19728: 19723: 19718: 19713: 19703: 19698: 19693: 19688: 19683: 19677: 19670: 19669: 19659: 19658: 19655: 19654: 19651: 19650: 19648: 19647: 19642: 19637: 19636: 19635: 19625: 19624: 19623: 19618: 19608: 19607: 19606: 19601: 19591: 19590: 19589: 19579: 19574: 19568: 19561: 19560: 19550: 19549: 19546: 19545: 19542: 19541: 19539: 19538: 19537: 19536: 19531: 19526: 19521: 19511: 19506: 19501: 19500: 19499: 19494: 19489: 19484: 19479: 19469: 19468: 19467: 19462: 19457: 19447: 19442: 19437: 19436: 19435: 19430: 19425: 19417: 19416: 19415: 19410: 19405: 19400: 19390: 19389: 19388: 19387: 19386: 19381: 19376: 19366: 19361: 19351: 19350: 19349: 19344: 19339: 19334: 19324: 19319: 19318: 19317: 19307: 19306: 19305: 19300: 19295: 19290: 19282: 19277: 19276: 19275: 19270: 19265: 19255: 19250: 19249: 19248: 19243: 19238: 19228: 19222: 19215: 19214: 19204: 19203: 19200: 19199: 19196: 19195: 19193: 19192: 19187: 19182: 19177: 19172: 19167: 19162: 19157: 19152: 19147: 19142: 19137: 19135:Tibeto-Burmese 19132: 19127: 19122: 19117: 19112: 19107: 19102: 19097: 19092: 19087: 19082: 19077: 19076: 19075: 19065: 19060: 19055: 19050: 19045: 19040: 19039: 19038: 19028: 19023: 19018: 19017: 19016: 19006: 19001: 18996: 18991: 18986: 18981: 18976: 18971: 18966: 18961: 18956: 18950: 18943: 18942: 18929: 18927: 18924:(existing and 18915: 18914: 18912: 18911: 18906: 18901: 18896: 18890: 18887: 18886: 18874: 18873: 18866: 18859: 18851: 18842: 18841: 18839: 18838: 18833: 18828: 18823: 18818: 18813: 18808: 18803: 18798: 18792: 18790: 18789:Related topics 18786: 18785: 18782: 18781: 18779: 18778: 18776:Vedic Hinduism 18773: 18768: 18763: 18758: 18757: 18756: 18751: 18741: 18736: 18731: 18725: 18723: 18717: 18716: 18714: 18713: 18708: 18703: 18697: 18695: 18689: 18688: 18686: 18685: 18679: 18677: 18668: 18664: 18663: 18660: 18659: 18657: 18656: 18651: 18646: 18645: 18644: 18633: 18631: 18625: 18624: 18622: 18621: 18616: 18614:Zoroastrianism 18611: 18605: 18603: 18597: 18596: 18594: 18593: 18588: 18583: 18578: 18572: 18570: 18564: 18563: 18561: 18560: 18555: 18550: 18544: 18542: 18536: 18535: 18533: 18532: 18527: 18522: 18516: 18514: 18508: 18507: 18505: 18504: 18499: 18494: 18489: 18484: 18478: 18476: 18467: 18461: 18460: 18458: 18457: 18452: 18446: 18443: 18442: 18435: 18434: 18427: 18420: 18412: 18403: 18402: 18400: 18399: 18389: 18378: 18375: 18374: 18371: 18370: 18367: 18366: 18364: 18363: 18358: 18353: 18348: 18343: 18338: 18333: 18328: 18323: 18318: 18313: 18308: 18302: 18300: 18294: 18293: 18291: 18290: 18285: 18280: 18275: 18270: 18265: 18260: 18255: 18250: 18245: 18240: 18235: 18230: 18225: 18219: 18217: 18211: 18210: 18208: 18207: 18202: 18197: 18192: 18187: 18182: 18177: 18172: 18167: 18162: 18157: 18152: 18147: 18142: 18137: 18132: 18127: 18122: 18117: 18112: 18107: 18102: 18097: 18091: 18089: 18083: 18082: 18080: 18079: 18078: 18077: 18072: 18067: 18062: 18055:United Kingdom 18052: 18047: 18042: 18037: 18032: 18027: 18022: 18017: 18012: 18007: 18002: 17997: 17992: 17987: 17982: 17977: 17972: 17967: 17962: 17957: 17952: 17947: 17942: 17937: 17932: 17927: 17922: 17917: 17912: 17907: 17902: 17897: 17892: 17887: 17882: 17877: 17872: 17867: 17862: 17857: 17852: 17847: 17842: 17836: 17834: 17828: 17827: 17825: 17824: 17819: 17814: 17809: 17804: 17799: 17794: 17789: 17784: 17779: 17774: 17769: 17764: 17759: 17754: 17749: 17744: 17739: 17734: 17729: 17724: 17719: 17714: 17709: 17704: 17699: 17694: 17689: 17684: 17683: 17682: 17677: 17667: 17662: 17657: 17652: 17647: 17642: 17637: 17632: 17627: 17622: 17617: 17612: 17607: 17602: 17597: 17592: 17587: 17582: 17577: 17572: 17567: 17561: 17559: 17553: 17552: 17550: 17549: 17544: 17539: 17534: 17529: 17524: 17519: 17514: 17509: 17504: 17499: 17494: 17489: 17484: 17479: 17474: 17469: 17464: 17459: 17454: 17449: 17444: 17439: 17434: 17429: 17424: 17419: 17414: 17409: 17404: 17399: 17394: 17389: 17384: 17379: 17374: 17369: 17364: 17359: 17354: 17349: 17344: 17339: 17334: 17329: 17324: 17319: 17314: 17309: 17304: 17299: 17294: 17289: 17284: 17278: 17276: 17266: 17265: 17255: 17254: 17251: 17250: 17247: 17246: 17244: 17243: 17238: 17233: 17228: 17223: 17218: 17213: 17208: 17203: 17198: 17193: 17188: 17183: 17177: 17175: 17167: 17164: 17163: 17161: 17160: 17155: 17150: 17148:Secularization 17145: 17140: 17135: 17130: 17128:Deconstruction 17125: 17120: 17115: 17110: 17104: 17102: 17092: 17089: 17088: 17086: 17085: 17080: 17079: 17078: 17073: 17068: 17058: 17053: 17048: 17043: 17038: 17033: 17028: 17023: 17018: 17013: 17008: 17003: 16998: 16993: 16988: 16983: 16981:Fundamentalism 16978: 16977: 16976: 16971: 16966: 16961: 16951: 16946: 16941: 16936: 16935: 16934: 16929: 16924: 16914: 16913: 16912: 16907: 16902: 16888: 16883: 16877: 16875: 16868: 16865: 16864: 16862: 16861: 16856: 16851: 16846: 16845: 16844: 16834: 16829: 16824: 16819: 16814: 16809: 16804: 16799: 16794: 16789: 16783: 16781: 16773: 16772: 16770: 16769: 16764: 16759: 16754: 16749: 16744: 16739: 16734: 16729: 16724: 16718: 16716: 16710: 16709: 16707: 16706: 16705: 16704: 16699: 16694: 16684: 16679: 16674: 16669: 16664: 16659: 16654: 16649: 16648: 16647: 16642: 16637: 16632: 16622: 16621: 16620: 16615: 16610: 16600: 16595: 16590: 16585: 16580: 16575: 16570: 16565: 16560: 16555: 16554: 16553: 16548: 16543: 16533: 16528: 16523: 16518: 16513: 16508: 16503: 16498: 16493: 16488: 16483: 16478: 16473: 16468: 16459: 16457:Call to prayer 16454: 16449: 16444: 16442:Disaffiliation 16434: 16432: 16424: 16423: 16413: 16412: 16409: 16408: 16406: 16405: 16400: 16395: 16390: 16385: 16380: 16375: 16370: 16369: 16368: 16363: 16358: 16348: 16347: 16346: 16341: 16336: 16331: 16326: 16316: 16311: 16310: 16309: 16304: 16299: 16289: 16288: 16287: 16282: 16272: 16271: 16270: 16265: 16260: 16255: 16245: 16240: 16239: 16238: 16228: 16227: 16226: 16221: 16211: 16206: 16205: 16204: 16194: 16189: 16184: 16179: 16174: 16169: 16164: 16159: 16158: 16157: 16152: 16147: 16142: 16140:Greco-Buddhism 16137: 16127: 16126: 16125: 16120: 16115: 16110: 16100: 16095: 16094: 16093: 16083: 16078: 16073: 16072: 16071: 16061: 16056: 16051: 16050: 16049: 16044: 16034: 16029: 16028: 16027: 16022: 16017: 16007: 16002: 15997: 15992: 15991: 15990: 15979: 15976: 15975: 15963: 15962: 15959: 15958: 15955: 15954: 15951: 15950: 15948: 15947: 15946: 15945: 15935: 15930: 15925: 15920: 15915: 15910: 15905: 15900: 15894: 15892: 15888: 15887: 15885: 15884: 15883: 15882: 15870: 15865: 15864: 15863: 15858: 15853: 15848: 15843: 15838: 15833: 15823: 15818: 15813: 15808: 15803: 15798: 15793: 15788: 15783: 15782: 15781: 15771: 15770: 15769: 15764: 15754: 15753: 15752: 15747: 15737: 15732: 15731: 15730: 15721: 15719: 15711: 15710: 15708: 15707: 15702: 15697: 15692: 15691: 15690: 15685: 15675: 15670: 15665: 15660: 15655: 15654: 15653: 15643: 15638: 15633: 15628: 15623: 15618: 15613: 15608: 15603: 15598: 15592: 15590: 15583: 15573: 15572: 15569: 15568: 15566: 15565: 15560: 15555: 15550: 15544: 15542: 15538: 15537: 15534: 15533: 15531: 15530: 15529: 15528: 15523: 15518: 15513: 15508: 15503: 15501:Tambor de Mina 15498: 15493: 15488: 15483: 15478: 15473: 15468: 15463: 15458: 15457: 15456: 15451: 15446: 15427: 15426: 15425: 15424: 15414: 15409: 15404: 15399: 15394: 15389: 15384: 15379: 15374: 15369: 15364: 15359: 15354: 15349: 15344: 15339: 15334: 15329: 15328: 15327: 15322: 15312: 15307: 15302: 15296: 15294: 15286: 15285: 15283: 15282: 15281: 15280: 15278:Guanche church 15269: 15267: 15260: 15252: 15251: 15249: 15248: 15243: 15238: 15233: 15228: 15223: 15218: 15213: 15208: 15203: 15198: 15193: 15187: 15185: 15183:Tibeto-Burmese 15179: 15178: 15176: 15175: 15170: 15165: 15160: 15154: 15152: 15142: 15141: 15139: 15138: 15133: 15128: 15123: 15122: 15121: 15116: 15106: 15101: 15099:Nuu-chah-nulth 15096: 15091: 15086: 15081: 15080: 15079: 15074: 15069: 15064: 15054: 15049: 15044: 15043: 15042: 15032: 15027: 15022: 15021: 15020: 15015: 15010: 15008:Muscogee Creek 15005: 15000: 14990: 14985: 14980: 14975: 14966: 14961: 14956: 14951: 14946: 14945: 14944: 14939: 14934: 14924: 14919: 14914: 14913: 14912: 14902: 14896: 14894: 14886: 14885: 14883: 14882: 14877: 14875:Sumbese Marapu 14872: 14871: 14870: 14865: 14855: 14854: 14853: 14843: 14838: 14833: 14828: 14827: 14826: 14821: 14813: 14812: 14811: 14806: 14796: 14794:Batak Parmalim 14790: 14788: 14782: 14781: 14779: 14778: 14772: 14770: 14764: 14763: 14761: 14760: 14759: 14758: 14753: 14743: 14742: 14741: 14736: 14731: 14716: 14714: 14705: 14699: 14698: 14695: 14694: 14691: 14690: 14688: 14687: 14686: 14685: 14680: 14670: 14665: 14660: 14655: 14650: 14649: 14648: 14643: 14633: 14628: 14622: 14620: 14616: 14615: 14613: 14612: 14605: 14600: 14599: 14598: 14588: 14587: 14586: 14581: 14576: 14558: 14552: 14550: 14544: 14543: 14541: 14540: 14533: 14528: 14523: 14518: 14513: 14508: 14503: 14502: 14501: 14496: 14491: 14486: 14481: 14476: 14471: 14466: 14456: 14455: 14454: 14449: 14444: 14439: 14434: 14429: 14424: 14419: 14414: 14403: 14401: 14392: 14386: 14385: 14382: 14381: 14379: 14378: 14373: 14368: 14363: 14358: 14352: 14350: 14344: 14343: 14341: 14340: 14335: 14330: 14324: 14322: 14316: 14315: 14313: 14312: 14307: 14302: 14297: 14296: 14295: 14282: 14280: 14274: 14273: 14271: 14270: 14269: 14268: 14263: 14253: 14252: 14251: 14246: 14236: 14231: 14226: 14221: 14215: 14213: 14204: 14195: 14189: 14188: 14185: 14184: 14181: 14180: 14178: 14177: 14172: 14167: 14161: 14159: 14155: 14154: 14152: 14151: 14146: 14141: 14136: 14130: 14128: 14122: 14121: 14119: 14118: 14113: 14108: 14106:Ilm-e-Khshnoom 14102: 14100: 14091: 14085: 14084: 14081: 14080: 14078: 14077: 14072: 14067: 14062: 14057: 14052: 14047: 14041: 14039: 14035: 14034: 14032: 14031: 14024: 14019: 14014: 14009: 14004: 13999: 13994: 13993: 13992: 13982: 13977: 13976: 13975: 13970: 13965: 13960: 13950: 13949: 13948: 13947: 13946: 13941: 13931: 13926: 13921: 13910: 13908: 13902: 13901: 13899: 13898: 13891: 13890: 13889: 13884: 13879: 13874: 13869: 13864: 13859: 13854: 13849: 13843:Bible Students 13835: 13830: 13825: 13820: 13815: 13813:Restorationism 13810: 13809: 13808: 13803: 13798: 13793: 13792: 13791: 13781: 13776: 13771: 13769:Evangelicalism 13766: 13765: 13764: 13759: 13754: 13744: 13743: 13742: 13737: 13732: 13722: 13717: 13712: 13711: 13710: 13705: 13700: 13695: 13690: 13680: 13670: 13669: 13668: 13663: 13649: 13648: 13647: 13642: 13632: 13627: 13626: 13625: 13615: 13614: 13613: 13608: 13597: 13595: 13589: 13588: 13586: 13585: 13578: 13573: 13568: 13563: 13558: 13553: 13548: 13543: 13542: 13541: 13540: 13539: 13529: 13528: 13527: 13511: 13509: 13500: 13491: 13481: 13480: 13468: 13467: 13460: 13459: 13452: 13445: 13437: 13428: 13427: 13425: 13424: 13414: 13404: 13384: 13381: 13380: 13378: 13377: 13376: 13375: 13370: 13360: 13355: 13350: 13349: 13348: 13343: 13338: 13333: 13328: 13323: 13318: 13308: 13307: 13306: 13296: 13291: 13290: 13289: 13279: 13274: 13269: 13264: 13259: 13254: 13249: 13244: 13239: 13234: 13233: 13232: 13227: 13216: 13214: 13208: 13207: 13204: 13203: 13201: 13200: 13195: 13190: 13185: 13179: 13177: 13173: 13172: 13170: 13169: 13164: 13159: 13154: 13148: 13147: 13146: 13145: 13140: 13135: 13130: 13120: 13119: 13118: 13113: 13108: 13103: 13098: 13093: 13088: 13080: 13075: 13070: 13065: 13060: 13055: 13050: 13049: 13048: 13043: 13038: 13028: 13026:Raksha Bandhan 13023: 13018: 13013: 13007: 13005: 12999: 12998: 12996: 12995: 12994: 12993: 12988: 12983: 12978: 12968: 12967: 12966: 12961: 12956: 12951: 12940: 12938: 12934: 12933: 12931: 12930: 12925: 12920: 12915: 12910: 12905: 12900: 12895: 12890: 12885: 12880: 12875: 12870: 12865: 12860: 12855: 12849: 12847: 12841: 12840: 12838: 12837: 12832: 12827: 12822: 12817: 12812: 12807: 12802: 12797: 12792: 12787: 12782: 12776: 12774: 12765: 12761: 12760: 12757: 12756: 12754: 12753: 12746: 12741: 12736: 12731: 12726: 12721: 12716: 12711: 12706: 12701: 12696: 12691: 12690: 12689: 12684: 12679: 12668: 12666: 12660: 12659: 12657: 12656: 12649: 12644: 12639: 12634: 12629: 12624: 12619: 12614: 12609: 12604: 12599: 12594: 12593: 12592: 12587: 12582: 12571: 12569: 12560: 12554: 12553: 12550: 12549: 12547: 12546: 12541: 12536: 12531: 12526: 12521: 12516: 12511: 12506: 12501: 12496: 12491: 12486: 12481: 12476: 12470: 12468: 12462: 12461: 12459: 12458: 12451: 12446: 12441: 12436: 12431: 12426: 12425: 12424: 12419: 12414: 12404: 12399: 12394: 12389: 12384: 12383: 12382: 12377: 12367: 12362: 12356: 12354: 12348: 12347: 12345: 12344: 12339: 12334: 12329: 12324: 12319: 12313: 12311: 12305: 12304: 12302: 12301: 12296: 12291: 12286: 12280: 12278: 12272: 12271: 12268: 12267: 12265: 12264: 12259: 12254: 12249: 12244: 12239: 12237:Shvetashvatara 12234: 12229: 12224: 12219: 12214: 12212:Brihadaranyaka 12209: 12204: 12198: 12196: 12190: 12189: 12187: 12186: 12181: 12176: 12170: 12168: 12164: 12163: 12161: 12160: 12155: 12150: 12145: 12139: 12133: 12127: 12126: 12124: 12123: 12118: 12112: 12110: 12109:Classification 12103: 12097: 12096: 12089: 12087: 12084: 12083: 12081: 12080: 12071: 12070: 12069: 12062: 12055: 12043: 12038: 12033: 12028: 12023: 12013: 12011: 12005: 12004: 12002: 12001: 12000: 11999: 11994: 11989: 11984: 11979: 11974: 11969: 11964: 11959: 11948: 11947: 11946: 11945: 11940: 11935: 11930: 11919: 11918: 11913: 11908: 11903: 11898: 11893: 11888: 11882: 11880: 11871: 11865: 11864: 11862: 11861: 11856: 11853: 11847: 11844: 11843: 11825: 11824: 11817: 11810: 11802: 11795: 11794: 11782: 11770: 11758: 11738: 11737: 11723: 11709: 11708:External links 11706: 11705: 11704: 11687:(3): 361–369, 11667: 11664: 11661: 11660: 11634: 11633: 11631: 11628: 11626: 11625: 11616: 11589: 11588: 11587: 11581: 11560: 11547: 11527: 11521: 11506: 11497: 11491: 11477:Singh, Upinder 11473: 11464: 11455: 11444: 11435: 11426: 11417: 11408: 11402: 11387: 11381: 11366: 11362:978-9004160545 11361: 11341: 11332: 11305: 11299: 11281: 11275: 11257: 11251: 11232: 11226: 11220:. SUNY Press. 11211: 11206: 11191: 11182: 11176: 11161: 11148: 11136:10.1086/462470 11119: 11113: 11097: 11088: 11070:(3): 361–369. 11055: 11044: 11035: 11029: 11016: 11007: 11001: 10983: 10973: 10971: 10968: 10966: 10963: 10961: 10960: 10953:Sarao, K.T.S. 10945: 10930: 10915: 10909:. p. 17. 10897: 10887: 10872: 10870:, p. 217. 10860: 10841: 10830: 10812: 10797: 10773: 10751: 10736: 10729: 10715:Coward, Harold 10706: 10699: 10679: 10667: 10660: 10640: 10625: 10610: 10598: 10586: 10574: 10555: 10553:, p. 193. 10543: 10522: 10515: 10495: 10493:, p. 115. 10483: 10471: 10459: 10447: 10440: 10432:Awakened India 10416: 10389: 10382: 10359: 10352: 10334: 10322: 10313: 10304: 10295: 10286: 10261: 10252: 10246:978-8120816077 10245: 10224: 10217: 10197: 10190: 10170: 10163: 10143: 10136: 10116: 10109: 10089: 10082: 10062: 10055: 10035: 10028: 10008: 10001: 9981: 9974: 9954: 9947: 9924: 9903: 9885: 9865: 9858: 9840: 9833: 9807: 9800: 9782: 9767: 9718: 9716:, p. 273. 9706: 9687:(6): 182–197. 9671: 9653: 9646: 9626: 9619: 9599: 9580:(3): 336–338. 9560: 9543: 9536: 9516: 9509: 9489: 9477: 9457: 9445: 9438: 9420: 9401: 9389: 9382: 9362: 9355: 9333: 9326: 9306: 9290: 9274: 9250: 9235: 9220: 9200: 9185: 9165: 9163:, p. 363. 9153: 9141: 9135:978-0823931798 9134: 9110: 9108:, p. 137. 9098: 9077: 9070: 9044: 9033: 9013: 8998: 8978: 8971: 8951: 8944: 8924: 8917: 8897: 8879: 8867: 8847: 8832: 8803: 8793: 8775: 8765: 8743: 8724: 8706: 8694: 8692:, p. 113. 8682: 8671: 8644: 8629: 8617: 8605: 8593: 8581: 8569: 8557: 8545: 8528: 8516: 8514:, p. 462. 8501: 8494: 8474: 8459: 8447: 8435: 8420: 8418:, p. 186. 8403: 8390: 8378: 8360: 8342: 8313: 8298: 8286: 8284:, p. 408. 8274: 8262: 8260:, p. 454. 8245: 8233: 8221: 8209: 8197: 8182: 8163: 8151: 8139: 8127: 8125:, p. 2-4. 8115: 8092: 8090:, p. 185. 8080: 8078:, p. 319. 8065: 8053: 8041: 8024: 8012: 8000: 7983: 7976: 7956: 7926: 7920:978-0190633394 7919: 7899: 7892: 7869: 7862: 7841: 7814: 7802: 7785: 7766: 7751: 7731: 7713: 7698: 7686: 7669: 7648: 7619: 7594: 7572: 7570: 7567: 7564: 7563: 7554: 7544:and the early 7509: 7488: 7481: 7462: 7448:Lipner, Julius 7438: 7405: 7392: 7371: 7362: 7341: 7328: 7326: 7325: 7303: 7289: 7286:Beckwith (2011 7275: 7219: 7183:Halbfass (1991 7161:Michaels (2004 7121: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7112: 7110:Zoroastrianism 7107: 7100: 7095: 7089: 7084: 7079: 7074: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7020: 7017: 6954: 6951: 6943:Michael Witzel 6935:Andhra Pradesh 6900:Main article: 6897: 6894: 6849: 6846: 6718:, freeing the 6699: 6696: 6659:Vedic Sanskrit 6628: 6615: 6532: 6529: 6450: 6447: 6363:Main article: 6360: 6357: 6337: 6336: 6335: 6334: 6330: 6327: 6324: 6318: 6307: 6301: 6290: 6283: 6282: 6281: 6280: 6279: 6276: 6273: 6270: 6267: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6259: 6239: 6236: 6235: 6234: 6224: 6217: 6214: 6203: 6160: 6157: 6135:religion with 6047: 6044: 6032:Nasadiya Sukta 6018: 5993:Vedic Sanskrit 5985:Mathura Museum 5964: 5961: 5939: 5936: 5928:Mauryan Empire 5922:including the 5901:Hindu religion 5853: 5850: 5834: 5831: 5819:Michael Witzel 5811:coastal Andhra 5769: 5766: 5653: 5650: 5597: 5594: 5566: 5563: 5496:Vedic Hinduism 5487: 5484: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5277:Vedic Hinduism 5263:, also called 5261:Vedic religion 5255: 5254: 5252: 5251: 5244: 5237: 5229: 5226: 5225: 5222: 5221: 5214: 5207: 5200: 5193: 5185: 5184: 5178: 5177: 5171: 5170: 5164: 5163: 5158: 5152: 5151: 5145: 5140: 5139: 5136: 5135: 5132: 5131: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5110:Fire sacrifice 5106: 5105: 5099: 5098: 5093: 5092: 5091: 5084: 5072: 5071: 5070: 5063: 5056: 5044: 5043: 5042: 5035: 5028: 5021: 5014: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4955: 4954: 4942: 4941: 4940: 4939: 4927: 4926: 4925: 4918: 4906: 4905: 4904: 4901:Zoroastrianism 4883: 4882: 4875: 4868: 4861: 4860: 4859: 4838: 4837: 4831: 4830: 4823: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4801: 4800: 4794: 4791: 4790: 4787: 4786: 4783: 4782: 4771: 4770: 4768:Medieval India 4759: 4758: 4753: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4722: 4721: 4709: 4708: 4702: 4701: 4696: 4695: 4694: 4687: 4680: 4673: 4666: 4650: 4645: 4643:Italic peoples 4640: 4635: 4630: 4629: 4628: 4621: 4614: 4595: 4594: 4589: 4577: 4576: 4564: 4563: 4551: 4550: 4544: 4543: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4514: 4513: 4507: 4504: 4503: 4500: 4499: 4496: 4495: 4490: 4479: 4478: 4466: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4443: 4442: 4430: 4429: 4422: 4421: 4419:Gandhara grave 4416: 4411: 4399: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4358: 4353: 4341: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4318: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4280: 4279: 4271: 4270: 4269: 4268: 4265:Middle Dnieper 4261: 4242: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4220:Eastern Europe 4217: 4216: 4204: 4203: 4191: 4190: 4189: 4188: 4187: 4186: 4179: 4165: 4158: 4151: 4148:Dnieper–Donets 4144: 4137: 4125: 4123:Kurgan culture 4120: 4119: 4118: 4108: 4096: 4095: 4088: 4085: 4084: 4081: 4080: 4077: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4059:Beech argument 4056: 4051: 4045: 4044: 4038: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4021: 4020: 4014: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3992: 3989: 3988: 3985: 3984: 3981: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3904: 3901: 3900: 3897: 3896: 3893: 3892: 3882: 3868: 3863: 3849: 3842:Proto-Germanic 3839: 3837:Proto-Armenian 3834: 3829: 3827:Proto-Albanian 3823: 3822: 3815: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3778: 3777: 3770: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3723: 3722: 3715: 3714: 3713: 3712: 3688: 3687: 3680: 3679: 3678: 3677: 3670: 3663: 3656: 3649: 3642: 3635: 3628: 3616: 3611: 3605: 3604: 3598: 3597: 3596: 3595: 3583: 3582: 3581: 3574: 3567: 3555: 3554: 3553: 3541: 3536: 3531: 3530: 3529: 3522: 3510: 3505: 3504: 3503: 3490: 3489: 3482: 3481: 3474: 3469: 3468: 3465: 3464: 3456: 3455: 3449: 3448: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3432: 3425: 3418: 3410: 3407: 3406: 3405: 3404: 3391: 3390: 3385: 3377: 3376: 3373: 3372: 3366: 3340: 3339: 3336: 3333: 3332: 3327: 3322: 3317: 3312: 3306: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3298: 3292: 3291: 3285: 3284: 3279: 3276: 3271: 3270: 3267: 3266: 3263: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3242: 3241: 3240: 3233:Discrimination 3229: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3221: 3215: 3214: 3208: 3207: 3201: 3200: 3191: 3190: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3169: 3168: 3162: 3161: 3156: 3153: 3150: 3149: 3146: 3145: 3142: 3141: 3134: 3127: 3124:Abirami Antati 3120: 3113: 3106: 3099: 3092: 3085: 3078: 3071: 3064: 3057: 3050: 3042: 3041: 3036: 3033: 3032: 3025: 3018: 3010: 3009: 3000: 2997: 2996: 2989: 2982: 2975: 2972:Ramcharitmanas 2968: 2961: 2954: 2947: 2940: 2933: 2926: 2923:Pramana Sutras 2919: 2912: 2905: 2898: 2895:Mimamsa Sutras 2891: 2888:Samkhya Sutras 2884: 2877: 2870: 2863: 2856: 2853:Dharma Shastra 2848: 2847: 2834: 2831: 2830: 2823: 2816: 2809: 2801: 2800: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2784: 2777: 2770: 2763: 2756: 2749: 2742: 2735: 2728: 2721: 2714: 2707: 2700: 2693: 2686: 2679: 2672: 2665: 2657: 2656: 2651: 2646: 2643: 2642: 2635: 2627: 2626: 2621: 2618: 2617: 2609: 2601: 2600: 2595: 2592: 2591: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2560: 2559: 2554: 2551: 2550: 2543: 2536: 2528: 2527: 2521: 2520: 2513: 2505: 2504: 2498: 2497: 2490: 2487:Shvetashvatara 2483: 2476: 2469: 2462: 2459:Brihadaranyaka 2454: 2453: 2447: 2446: 2439: 2431: 2430: 2424: 2423: 2418: 2415: 2414: 2409: 2404: 2399: 2393: 2392: 2386: 2385: 2378: 2371: 2364: 2356: 2355: 2350: 2347: 2346: 2340: 2339: 2334: 2331: 2330: 2325: 2320: 2315: 2309: 2308: 2303: 2300: 2295: 2294: 2291: 2290: 2287: 2286: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2269:Upasni Maharaj 2266: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2121: 2115: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2107: 2102: 2097: 2095:Vedanta Desika 2092: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2062: 2057: 2052: 2047: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2015:Samarth Ramdas 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1965:Purandara Dasa 1962: 1957: 1952: 1950:Nimbarkacharya 1947: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1870:Jayanta Bhatta 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1827: 1822: 1817: 1812: 1807: 1802: 1797: 1792: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1771: 1770: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1756: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1650: 1649: 1644: 1641: 1636: 1635: 1632: 1631: 1628: 1627: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1610: 1609: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1587: 1586: 1583: 1580: 1579: 1578: 1577: 1570: 1563: 1556: 1549: 1542: 1535: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1497: 1496: 1491: 1488: 1483: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1475: 1474: 1469: 1468: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1400:Raksha Bandhan 1397: 1396: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1359: 1358: 1353: 1350: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1282:Simantonnayana 1279: 1274: 1269: 1263: 1262: 1257: 1254: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1231:Carnatic music 1228: 1223: 1218: 1216:Bhagavata Mela 1213: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1188: 1183: 1178: 1172: 1171: 1166: 1163: 1162: 1160:Kundalini yoga 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1106: 1105: 1100: 1097: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1081: 1075: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 982: 977: 972: 967: 962: 956: 955: 949: 946: 943: 942: 939: 938: 935: 934: 929: 924: 919: 914: 909: 903: 902: 897: 894: 893: 888: 883: 878: 873: 868: 863: 858: 853: 848: 843: 838: 833: 828: 823: 818: 813: 808: 803: 797: 796: 793: 790: 789: 784: 779: 774: 769: 764: 759: 754: 749: 744: 739: 734: 729: 723: 718: 713: 707: 706: 703: 700: 699: 694: 689: 684: 678: 677: 671: 670: 665: 662: 661: 656: 651: 645: 644: 639: 636: 635: 630: 625: 620: 614: 613: 610:Stages of life 608: 605: 604: 599: 594: 589: 583: 582: 577: 574: 573: 571:God and gender 568: 563: 557: 556: 553: 550: 549: 544: 539: 538: 537: 532: 521: 520: 515: 512: 511: 506: 504:Gross elements 501: 496: 491: 485: 484: 481: 478: 477: 472: 466: 465: 462: 459: 454: 453: 450: 449: 446: 445: 440: 435: 430: 425: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 379: 378: 372: 371: 366: 361: 356: 351: 346: 341: 336: 331: 326: 321: 315: 314: 305: 304: 294: 291: 290: 285: 280: 274: 273: 268: 265: 264: 259: 254: 248: 247: 242: 239: 234: 233: 230: 229: 226: 225: 218: 215: 214: 209: 204: 199: 193: 192: 189: 186: 181: 180: 177: 176: 173: 172: 167: 162: 160:Itihasa-Purana 151: 150: 145: 140: 135: 130: 125: 120: 106: 103: 102: 99: 98: 97: 96: 91: 83: 82: 74: 73: 67: 66: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 20473: 20462: 20459: 20457: 20454: 20452: 20449: 20447: 20444: 20442: 20439: 20438: 20436: 20421: 20418: 20416: 20413: 20411: 20408: 20406: 20403: 20401: 20398: 20396: 20393: 20392: 20390: 20388: 20384: 20378: 20375: 20373: 20370: 20368: 20365: 20363: 20360: 20356: 20353: 20351: 20348: 20347: 20346: 20343: 20341: 20338: 20334: 20331: 20329: 20326: 20325: 20324: 20321: 20319: 20316: 20314: 20311: 20309: 20306: 20304: 20301: 20299: 20298:Reincarnation 20296: 20294: 20291: 20287: 20284: 20282: 20279: 20278: 20277: 20274: 20270: 20267: 20265: 20262: 20260: 20257: 20256: 20255: 20252: 20250: 20247: 20245: 20242: 20240: 20237: 20235: 20232: 20230: 20227: 20225: 20222: 20220: 20217: 20215: 20212: 20210: 20207: 20206: 20204: 20202: 20198: 20178: 20175: 20173: 20170: 20168: 20165: 20163: 20160: 20158: 20155: 20153: 20150: 20148: 20145: 20143: 20140: 20138: 20135: 20133: 20130: 20128: 20125: 20124: 20121: 20117: 20110: 20106: 20090: 20087: 20085: 20082: 20080: 20077: 20075: 20072: 20070: 20067: 20066: 20065: 20062: 20058: 20057:Vattisen Yaly 20055: 20053: 20050: 20049: 20047: 20045: 20042: 20040: 20037: 20035: 20032: 20030: 20027: 20025: 20022: 20020: 20017: 20015: 20012: 20010: 20007: 20005: 20002: 20000: 19997: 19995: 19992: 19988: 19985: 19983: 19980: 19978: 19975: 19974: 19973: 19970: 19966: 19963: 19961: 19958: 19957: 19956: 19953: 19951: 19948: 19944: 19941: 19939: 19936: 19935: 19933: 19929: 19926: 19924: 19921: 19920: 19918: 19917: 19914: 19910: 19906: 19901: 19897: 19892: 19890: 19884: 19864: 19861: 19859: 19856: 19854: 19851: 19849: 19846: 19844: 19841: 19839: 19836: 19834: 19831: 19829: 19826: 19824: 19821: 19819: 19816: 19814: 19811: 19809: 19806: 19802: 19799: 19797: 19794: 19792: 19789: 19787: 19784: 19783: 19782: 19779: 19777: 19774: 19773: 19770: 19766: 19762: 19757: 19753: 19737: 19734: 19732: 19729: 19727: 19724: 19722: 19719: 19717: 19714: 19712: 19711:Cook Islander 19709: 19708: 19707: 19704: 19702: 19699: 19697: 19694: 19692: 19689: 19687: 19684: 19682: 19679: 19678: 19675: 19671: 19664: 19660: 19646: 19643: 19641: 19638: 19634: 19631: 19630: 19629: 19626: 19622: 19619: 19617: 19614: 19613: 19612: 19609: 19605: 19602: 19600: 19597: 19596: 19595: 19592: 19588: 19585: 19584: 19583: 19580: 19578: 19575: 19573: 19570: 19569: 19566: 19562: 19555: 19551: 19535: 19532: 19530: 19527: 19525: 19522: 19520: 19519:Baltic Finnic 19517: 19516: 19515: 19512: 19510: 19507: 19505: 19502: 19498: 19495: 19493: 19490: 19488: 19487:Imperial cult 19485: 19483: 19480: 19478: 19475: 19474: 19473: 19470: 19466: 19463: 19461: 19458: 19456: 19453: 19452: 19451: 19448: 19446: 19443: 19441: 19438: 19434: 19431: 19429: 19426: 19424: 19421: 19420: 19418: 19414: 19411: 19409: 19406: 19404: 19401: 19399: 19396: 19395: 19394: 19391: 19385: 19382: 19380: 19377: 19375: 19372: 19371: 19370: 19367: 19365: 19362: 19360: 19357: 19356: 19355: 19352: 19348: 19345: 19343: 19340: 19338: 19335: 19333: 19330: 19329: 19328: 19325: 19323: 19320: 19316: 19313: 19312: 19311: 19308: 19304: 19301: 19299: 19296: 19294: 19291: 19289: 19286: 19285: 19283: 19281: 19278: 19274: 19271: 19269: 19266: 19264: 19261: 19260: 19259: 19256: 19254: 19251: 19247: 19244: 19242: 19239: 19237: 19234: 19233: 19232: 19229: 19227: 19224: 19223: 19220: 19216: 19209: 19205: 19191: 19188: 19186: 19183: 19181: 19178: 19176: 19173: 19171: 19168: 19166: 19163: 19161: 19158: 19156: 19153: 19151: 19148: 19146: 19143: 19141: 19138: 19136: 19133: 19131: 19128: 19126: 19123: 19121: 19118: 19116: 19113: 19111: 19108: 19106: 19103: 19101: 19098: 19096: 19093: 19091: 19088: 19086: 19083: 19081: 19078: 19074: 19071: 19070: 19069: 19066: 19064: 19061: 19059: 19056: 19054: 19051: 19049: 19048:Sunda Wiwitan 19046: 19044: 19041: 19037: 19034: 19033: 19032: 19029: 19027: 19024: 19022: 19019: 19015: 19012: 19011: 19010: 19007: 19005: 19002: 19000: 18997: 18995: 18992: 18990: 18987: 18985: 18984:Austroasiatic 18982: 18980: 18977: 18975: 18972: 18970: 18967: 18965: 18962: 18960: 18957: 18955: 18952: 18951: 18948: 18944: 18937: 18933: 18928: 18922: 18916: 18910: 18907: 18905: 18902: 18900: 18897: 18895: 18892: 18891: 18888: 18883: 18879: 18872: 18867: 18865: 18860: 18858: 18853: 18852: 18849: 18837: 18834: 18832: 18829: 18827: 18824: 18822: 18819: 18817: 18814: 18812: 18809: 18807: 18804: 18802: 18799: 18797: 18794: 18793: 18791: 18787: 18777: 18774: 18772: 18769: 18767: 18764: 18762: 18759: 18755: 18752: 18750: 18747: 18746: 18745: 18742: 18740: 18737: 18735: 18732: 18730: 18727: 18726: 18724: 18722: 18721:Indo-European 18718: 18712: 18709: 18707: 18704: 18702: 18699: 18698: 18696: 18694: 18690: 18684: 18681: 18680: 18678: 18676: 18672: 18669: 18665: 18655: 18652: 18650: 18647: 18643: 18640: 18639: 18638: 18635: 18634: 18632: 18630: 18626: 18620: 18619:Manichaeanism 18617: 18615: 18612: 18610: 18607: 18606: 18604: 18602: 18598: 18592: 18589: 18587: 18584: 18582: 18579: 18577: 18574: 18573: 18571: 18569: 18565: 18559: 18556: 18554: 18551: 18549: 18546: 18545: 18543: 18541: 18537: 18531: 18528: 18526: 18523: 18521: 18518: 18517: 18515: 18513: 18509: 18503: 18500: 18498: 18495: 18493: 18490: 18488: 18485: 18483: 18480: 18479: 18477: 18475: 18471: 18468: 18466: 18462: 18456: 18453: 18451: 18448: 18447: 18444: 18440: 18433: 18428: 18426: 18421: 18419: 18414: 18413: 18410: 18398: 18394: 18390: 18388: 18380: 18379: 18376: 18362: 18359: 18357: 18354: 18352: 18349: 18347: 18344: 18342: 18339: 18337: 18334: 18332: 18329: 18327: 18324: 18322: 18319: 18317: 18314: 18312: 18309: 18307: 18304: 18303: 18301: 18299: 18298:South America 18295: 18289: 18286: 18284: 18281: 18279: 18276: 18274: 18271: 18269: 18266: 18264: 18261: 18259: 18256: 18254: 18251: 18249: 18246: 18244: 18241: 18239: 18236: 18234: 18231: 18229: 18226: 18224: 18221: 18220: 18218: 18216: 18212: 18206: 18205:United States 18203: 18201: 18198: 18196: 18193: 18191: 18188: 18186: 18183: 18181: 18178: 18176: 18173: 18171: 18168: 18166: 18163: 18161: 18158: 18156: 18153: 18151: 18148: 18146: 18143: 18141: 18138: 18136: 18133: 18131: 18128: 18126: 18123: 18121: 18118: 18116: 18113: 18111: 18108: 18106: 18103: 18101: 18098: 18096: 18093: 18092: 18090: 18088: 18087:North America 18084: 18076: 18073: 18071: 18068: 18066: 18063: 18061: 18058: 18057: 18056: 18053: 18051: 18048: 18046: 18043: 18041: 18038: 18036: 18033: 18031: 18028: 18026: 18023: 18021: 18018: 18016: 18013: 18011: 18008: 18006: 18003: 18001: 17998: 17996: 17993: 17991: 17988: 17986: 17983: 17981: 17978: 17976: 17973: 17971: 17968: 17966: 17963: 17961: 17958: 17956: 17953: 17951: 17948: 17946: 17945:Liechtenstein 17943: 17941: 17938: 17936: 17933: 17931: 17928: 17926: 17923: 17921: 17918: 17916: 17913: 17911: 17908: 17906: 17903: 17901: 17898: 17896: 17893: 17891: 17888: 17886: 17883: 17881: 17878: 17876: 17873: 17871: 17868: 17866: 17863: 17861: 17858: 17856: 17853: 17851: 17848: 17846: 17843: 17841: 17838: 17837: 17835: 17833: 17829: 17823: 17820: 17818: 17815: 17813: 17810: 17808: 17805: 17803: 17800: 17798: 17795: 17793: 17790: 17788: 17785: 17783: 17780: 17778: 17775: 17773: 17770: 17768: 17765: 17763: 17760: 17758: 17755: 17753: 17750: 17748: 17745: 17743: 17740: 17738: 17735: 17733: 17730: 17728: 17725: 17723: 17720: 17718: 17715: 17713: 17710: 17708: 17705: 17703: 17700: 17698: 17695: 17693: 17690: 17688: 17685: 17681: 17678: 17676: 17673: 17672: 17671: 17668: 17666: 17663: 17661: 17658: 17656: 17653: 17651: 17648: 17646: 17643: 17641: 17638: 17636: 17633: 17631: 17628: 17626: 17623: 17621: 17618: 17616: 17613: 17611: 17608: 17606: 17603: 17601: 17598: 17596: 17593: 17591: 17588: 17586: 17583: 17581: 17578: 17576: 17573: 17571: 17568: 17566: 17563: 17562: 17560: 17558: 17554: 17548: 17545: 17543: 17540: 17538: 17535: 17533: 17530: 17528: 17525: 17523: 17520: 17518: 17515: 17513: 17510: 17508: 17505: 17503: 17500: 17498: 17495: 17493: 17490: 17488: 17485: 17483: 17480: 17478: 17475: 17473: 17470: 17468: 17465: 17463: 17460: 17458: 17455: 17453: 17450: 17448: 17445: 17443: 17440: 17438: 17435: 17433: 17430: 17428: 17425: 17423: 17420: 17418: 17415: 17413: 17410: 17408: 17405: 17403: 17400: 17398: 17397:Guinea-Bissau 17395: 17393: 17390: 17388: 17385: 17383: 17380: 17378: 17375: 17373: 17370: 17368: 17365: 17363: 17360: 17358: 17355: 17353: 17350: 17348: 17345: 17343: 17340: 17338: 17335: 17333: 17330: 17328: 17325: 17323: 17320: 17318: 17315: 17313: 17310: 17308: 17305: 17303: 17300: 17298: 17295: 17293: 17290: 17288: 17285: 17283: 17280: 17279: 17277: 17275: 17271: 17267: 17260: 17256: 17242: 17239: 17237: 17234: 17232: 17229: 17227: 17224: 17222: 17221:Organizations 17219: 17217: 17214: 17212: 17209: 17207: 17204: 17202: 17199: 17197: 17194: 17192: 17189: 17187: 17184: 17182: 17179: 17178: 17176: 17173: 17165: 17159: 17156: 17154: 17151: 17149: 17146: 17144: 17141: 17139: 17136: 17134: 17131: 17129: 17126: 17124: 17121: 17119: 17116: 17114: 17111: 17109: 17106: 17105: 17103: 17100: 17095: 17090: 17084: 17081: 17077: 17074: 17072: 17069: 17067: 17064: 17063: 17062: 17059: 17057: 17054: 17052: 17051:Vegetarianism 17049: 17047: 17044: 17042: 17039: 17037: 17034: 17032: 17029: 17027: 17024: 17022: 17019: 17017: 17014: 17012: 17009: 17007: 17004: 17002: 16999: 16997: 16996:Homosexuality 16994: 16992: 16989: 16987: 16984: 16982: 16979: 16975: 16972: 16970: 16967: 16965: 16962: 16960: 16957: 16956: 16955: 16952: 16950: 16947: 16945: 16942: 16940: 16937: 16933: 16930: 16928: 16925: 16923: 16920: 16919: 16918: 16915: 16911: 16908: 16906: 16903: 16901: 16898: 16897: 16896: 16892: 16889: 16887: 16884: 16882: 16879: 16878: 16876: 16873: 16866: 16860: 16857: 16855: 16852: 16850: 16847: 16843: 16840: 16839: 16838: 16835: 16833: 16830: 16828: 16825: 16823: 16820: 16818: 16817:Neurotheology 16815: 16813: 16810: 16808: 16805: 16803: 16800: 16798: 16795: 16793: 16790: 16788: 16785: 16784: 16782: 16780: 16774: 16768: 16765: 16763: 16760: 16758: 16755: 16753: 16750: 16748: 16745: 16743: 16740: 16738: 16735: 16733: 16730: 16728: 16725: 16723: 16720: 16719: 16717: 16715: 16711: 16703: 16700: 16698: 16695: 16693: 16690: 16689: 16688: 16685: 16683: 16680: 16678: 16675: 16673: 16670: 16668: 16665: 16663: 16660: 16658: 16655: 16653: 16650: 16646: 16643: 16641: 16638: 16636: 16633: 16631: 16628: 16627: 16626: 16623: 16619: 16616: 16614: 16611: 16609: 16606: 16605: 16604: 16601: 16599: 16596: 16594: 16591: 16589: 16586: 16584: 16581: 16579: 16576: 16574: 16571: 16569: 16566: 16564: 16561: 16559: 16556: 16552: 16549: 16547: 16544: 16542: 16539: 16538: 16537: 16534: 16532: 16529: 16527: 16524: 16522: 16519: 16517: 16514: 16512: 16511:Folk religion 16509: 16507: 16504: 16502: 16499: 16497: 16494: 16492: 16489: 16487: 16484: 16482: 16479: 16477: 16474: 16472: 16469: 16467: 16463: 16460: 16458: 16455: 16453: 16450: 16448: 16445: 16443: 16439: 16436: 16435: 16433: 16429: 16425: 16418: 16414: 16404: 16401: 16399: 16396: 16394: 16391: 16389: 16386: 16384: 16381: 16379: 16376: 16374: 16371: 16367: 16364: 16362: 16359: 16357: 16354: 16353: 16352: 16349: 16345: 16342: 16340: 16337: 16335: 16334:Imperial cult 16332: 16330: 16327: 16325: 16322: 16321: 16320: 16317: 16315: 16312: 16308: 16305: 16303: 16300: 16298: 16295: 16294: 16293: 16290: 16286: 16283: 16281: 16278: 16277: 16276: 16273: 16269: 16266: 16264: 16261: 16259: 16256: 16254: 16251: 16250: 16249: 16246: 16244: 16241: 16237: 16234: 16233: 16232: 16229: 16225: 16222: 16220: 16217: 16216: 16215: 16212: 16210: 16207: 16203: 16200: 16199: 16198: 16195: 16193: 16190: 16188: 16185: 16183: 16180: 16178: 16175: 16173: 16170: 16168: 16165: 16163: 16160: 16156: 16153: 16151: 16148: 16146: 16143: 16141: 16138: 16136: 16133: 16132: 16131: 16128: 16124: 16121: 16119: 16116: 16114: 16111: 16109: 16106: 16105: 16104: 16101: 16099: 16096: 16092: 16089: 16088: 16087: 16084: 16082: 16079: 16077: 16074: 16070: 16067: 16066: 16065: 16062: 16060: 16057: 16055: 16052: 16048: 16045: 16043: 16040: 16039: 16038: 16035: 16033: 16030: 16026: 16023: 16021: 16018: 16016: 16013: 16012: 16011: 16008: 16006: 16003: 16001: 15998: 15996: 15993: 15989: 15986: 15985: 15984: 15981: 15980: 15977: 15973: 15968: 15964: 15944: 15941: 15940: 15939: 15936: 15934: 15931: 15929: 15926: 15924: 15921: 15919: 15916: 15914: 15911: 15909: 15906: 15904: 15903:Discordianism 15901: 15899: 15898:Anthroposophy 15896: 15895: 15893: 15889: 15881: 15880: 15876: 15875: 15874: 15871: 15869: 15866: 15862: 15859: 15857: 15854: 15852: 15849: 15847: 15846:Mari religion 15844: 15842: 15839: 15837: 15834: 15832: 15829: 15828: 15827: 15824: 15822: 15819: 15817: 15814: 15812: 15809: 15807: 15804: 15802: 15799: 15797: 15794: 15792: 15789: 15787: 15784: 15780: 15777: 15776: 15775: 15772: 15768: 15765: 15763: 15760: 15759: 15758: 15755: 15751: 15748: 15746: 15743: 15742: 15741: 15738: 15736: 15733: 15729: 15726: 15725: 15723: 15722: 15720: 15718: 15712: 15706: 15703: 15701: 15698: 15696: 15693: 15689: 15686: 15684: 15683:Neo-Theosophy 15681: 15680: 15679: 15676: 15674: 15671: 15669: 15666: 15664: 15661: 15659: 15656: 15652: 15649: 15648: 15647: 15644: 15642: 15639: 15637: 15634: 15632: 15629: 15627: 15624: 15622: 15621:New Acropolis 15619: 15617: 15614: 15612: 15609: 15607: 15604: 15602: 15599: 15597: 15594: 15593: 15591: 15587: 15584: 15582: 15574: 15564: 15561: 15559: 15556: 15554: 15551: 15549: 15546: 15545: 15543: 15539: 15527: 15524: 15522: 15519: 15517: 15514: 15512: 15509: 15507: 15504: 15502: 15499: 15497: 15494: 15492: 15489: 15487: 15484: 15482: 15479: 15477: 15474: 15472: 15469: 15467: 15464: 15462: 15459: 15455: 15452: 15450: 15447: 15445: 15442: 15441: 15440: 15437: 15436: 15435: 15433: 15429: 15428: 15423: 15420: 15419: 15418: 15415: 15413: 15410: 15408: 15405: 15403: 15400: 15398: 15395: 15393: 15390: 15388: 15385: 15383: 15380: 15378: 15375: 15373: 15370: 15368: 15365: 15363: 15360: 15358: 15355: 15353: 15350: 15348: 15345: 15343: 15340: 15338: 15335: 15333: 15330: 15326: 15323: 15321: 15318: 15317: 15316: 15313: 15311: 15308: 15306: 15303: 15301: 15298: 15297: 15295: 15293: 15287: 15279: 15276: 15275: 15274: 15271: 15270: 15268: 15266:North African 15264: 15261: 15259: 15253: 15247: 15244: 15242: 15239: 15237: 15234: 15232: 15229: 15227: 15224: 15222: 15219: 15217: 15214: 15212: 15209: 15207: 15204: 15202: 15199: 15197: 15194: 15192: 15189: 15188: 15186: 15184: 15180: 15174: 15171: 15169: 15166: 15164: 15161: 15159: 15156: 15155: 15153: 15151: 15147: 15143: 15137: 15134: 15132: 15129: 15127: 15124: 15120: 15117: 15115: 15112: 15111: 15110: 15107: 15105: 15102: 15100: 15097: 15095: 15092: 15090: 15087: 15085: 15082: 15078: 15075: 15073: 15070: 15068: 15065: 15063: 15060: 15059: 15058: 15055: 15053: 15050: 15048: 15045: 15041: 15038: 15037: 15036: 15033: 15031: 15030:Kwakwakaʼwakw 15028: 15026: 15023: 15019: 15016: 15014: 15011: 15009: 15006: 15004: 15001: 14999: 14996: 14995: 14994: 14991: 14989: 14986: 14984: 14981: 14979: 14976: 14974: 14970: 14967: 14965: 14962: 14960: 14957: 14955: 14952: 14950: 14947: 14943: 14940: 14938: 14935: 14933: 14930: 14929: 14928: 14925: 14923: 14920: 14918: 14915: 14911: 14908: 14907: 14906: 14903: 14901: 14898: 14897: 14895: 14893: 14887: 14881: 14878: 14876: 14873: 14869: 14866: 14864: 14861: 14860: 14859: 14856: 14852: 14849: 14848: 14847: 14844: 14842: 14839: 14837: 14834: 14832: 14829: 14825: 14822: 14820: 14817: 14816: 14814: 14810: 14807: 14805: 14802: 14801: 14800: 14797: 14795: 14792: 14791: 14789: 14787: 14783: 14777: 14774: 14773: 14771: 14769: 14768:Austroasiatic 14765: 14757: 14754: 14752: 14749: 14748: 14747: 14744: 14740: 14739:Vattisen Yaly 14737: 14735: 14732: 14730: 14727: 14726: 14725: 14721: 14718: 14717: 14715: 14713: 14709: 14706: 14704: 14700: 14684: 14681: 14679: 14676: 14675: 14674: 14671: 14669: 14666: 14664: 14661: 14659: 14658:Kirat Mundhum 14656: 14654: 14651: 14647: 14644: 14642: 14639: 14638: 14637: 14634: 14632: 14629: 14627: 14624: 14623: 14621: 14617: 14611: 14610: 14606: 14604: 14601: 14597: 14594: 14593: 14592: 14589: 14585: 14582: 14580: 14577: 14575: 14571: 14567: 14564: 14563: 14562: 14559: 14557: 14554: 14553: 14551: 14549: 14545: 14539: 14538: 14534: 14532: 14529: 14527: 14524: 14522: 14519: 14517: 14514: 14512: 14509: 14507: 14504: 14500: 14497: 14495: 14492: 14490: 14487: 14485: 14482: 14480: 14477: 14475: 14472: 14470: 14467: 14465: 14462: 14461: 14460: 14457: 14453: 14450: 14448: 14445: 14443: 14440: 14438: 14435: 14433: 14430: 14428: 14425: 14423: 14420: 14418: 14415: 14413: 14410: 14409: 14408: 14405: 14404: 14402: 14400: 14396: 14393: 14391: 14387: 14377: 14374: 14372: 14369: 14367: 14364: 14362: 14359: 14357: 14354: 14353: 14351: 14349: 14345: 14339: 14336: 14334: 14331: 14329: 14326: 14325: 14323: 14321: 14317: 14311: 14308: 14306: 14303: 14301: 14298: 14294: 14293: 14289: 14288: 14287: 14284: 14283: 14281: 14279: 14275: 14267: 14264: 14262: 14259: 14258: 14257: 14254: 14250: 14247: 14245: 14242: 14241: 14240: 14237: 14235: 14232: 14230: 14227: 14225: 14222: 14220: 14217: 14216: 14214: 14212: 14208: 14205: 14203: 14199: 14196: 14194: 14190: 14176: 14173: 14171: 14168: 14166: 14163: 14162: 14160: 14156: 14150: 14147: 14145: 14142: 14140: 14137: 14135: 14132: 14131: 14129: 14127: 14123: 14117: 14114: 14112: 14109: 14107: 14104: 14103: 14101: 14099: 14095: 14092: 14090: 14086: 14076: 14073: 14071: 14068: 14066: 14063: 14061: 14058: 14056: 14053: 14051: 14048: 14046: 14043: 14042: 14040: 14036: 14030: 14029: 14025: 14023: 14020: 14018: 14017:Milah Abraham 14015: 14013: 14010: 14008: 14005: 14003: 14000: 13998: 13995: 13991: 13988: 13987: 13986: 13983: 13981: 13978: 13974: 13971: 13969: 13966: 13964: 13961: 13959: 13956: 13955: 13954: 13951: 13945: 13942: 13940: 13937: 13936: 13935: 13932: 13930: 13927: 13925: 13922: 13920: 13917: 13916: 13915: 13912: 13911: 13909: 13907: 13903: 13897: 13896: 13892: 13888: 13885: 13883: 13880: 13878: 13875: 13873: 13870: 13868: 13865: 13863: 13860: 13858: 13855: 13853: 13850: 13848: 13844: 13841: 13840: 13839: 13836: 13834: 13831: 13829: 13826: 13824: 13821: 13819: 13816: 13814: 13811: 13807: 13804: 13802: 13799: 13797: 13794: 13790: 13787: 13786: 13785: 13782: 13780: 13777: 13775: 13772: 13770: 13767: 13763: 13760: 13758: 13755: 13753: 13750: 13749: 13748: 13745: 13741: 13738: 13736: 13733: 13731: 13728: 13727: 13726: 13723: 13721: 13718: 13716: 13713: 13709: 13706: 13704: 13701: 13699: 13696: 13694: 13691: 13689: 13686: 13685: 13684: 13681: 13679: 13676: 13675: 13674: 13673:Protestantism 13671: 13667: 13664: 13662: 13658: 13655: 13654: 13653: 13650: 13646: 13643: 13641: 13638: 13637: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13624: 13621: 13620: 13619: 13616: 13612: 13609: 13607: 13604: 13603: 13602: 13599: 13598: 13596: 13594: 13590: 13584: 13583: 13579: 13577: 13574: 13572: 13569: 13567: 13564: 13562: 13559: 13557: 13554: 13552: 13549: 13547: 13544: 13538: 13535: 13534: 13533: 13530: 13526: 13523: 13522: 13521: 13518: 13517: 13516: 13513: 13512: 13510: 13508: 13504: 13501: 13499: 13495: 13492: 13490: 13486: 13482: 13478: 13473: 13469: 13465: 13458: 13453: 13451: 13446: 13444: 13439: 13438: 13435: 13423: 13415: 13413: 13409: 13405: 13403: 13395: 13394: 13392: 13382: 13374: 13371: 13369: 13366: 13365: 13364: 13363:Hindu temples 13361: 13359: 13356: 13354: 13351: 13347: 13344: 13342: 13339: 13337: 13334: 13332: 13329: 13327: 13324: 13322: 13319: 13317: 13314: 13313: 13312: 13309: 13305: 13302: 13301: 13300: 13297: 13295: 13292: 13288: 13285: 13284: 13283: 13280: 13278: 13275: 13273: 13270: 13268: 13267:Hindu studies 13265: 13263: 13260: 13258: 13255: 13253: 13250: 13248: 13245: 13243: 13240: 13238: 13237:Denominations 13235: 13231: 13228: 13226: 13223: 13222: 13221: 13218: 13217: 13215: 13213: 13209: 13199: 13196: 13194: 13191: 13189: 13186: 13184: 13181: 13180: 13178: 13174: 13168: 13165: 13163: 13160: 13158: 13155: 13153: 13150: 13149: 13144: 13141: 13139: 13136: 13134: 13131: 13129: 13126: 13125: 13124: 13121: 13117: 13114: 13112: 13109: 13107: 13104: 13102: 13099: 13097: 13094: 13092: 13089: 13087: 13084: 13083: 13081: 13079: 13076: 13074: 13071: 13069: 13066: 13064: 13061: 13059: 13056: 13054: 13051: 13047: 13046:Vijayadashami 13044: 13042: 13039: 13037: 13034: 13033: 13032: 13029: 13027: 13024: 13022: 13019: 13017: 13014: 13012: 13009: 13008: 13006: 13004: 13000: 12992: 12989: 12987: 12984: 12982: 12979: 12977: 12974: 12973: 12972: 12969: 12965: 12962: 12960: 12957: 12955: 12952: 12950: 12947: 12946: 12945: 12942: 12941: 12939: 12935: 12929: 12926: 12924: 12921: 12919: 12916: 12914: 12911: 12909: 12906: 12904: 12901: 12899: 12896: 12894: 12891: 12889: 12886: 12884: 12881: 12879: 12876: 12874: 12871: 12869: 12866: 12864: 12863:Simantonayana 12861: 12859: 12856: 12854: 12851: 12850: 12848: 12846: 12842: 12836: 12833: 12831: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12811: 12808: 12806: 12803: 12801: 12798: 12796: 12793: 12791: 12788: 12786: 12783: 12781: 12778: 12777: 12775: 12773: 12769: 12766: 12762: 12752: 12751: 12747: 12745: 12742: 12740: 12737: 12735: 12732: 12730: 12727: 12725: 12722: 12720: 12717: 12715: 12712: 12710: 12707: 12705: 12702: 12700: 12697: 12695: 12692: 12688: 12685: 12683: 12680: 12678: 12675: 12674: 12673: 12670: 12669: 12667: 12665: 12661: 12655: 12654: 12650: 12648: 12645: 12643: 12640: 12638: 12635: 12633: 12630: 12628: 12625: 12623: 12620: 12618: 12615: 12613: 12610: 12608: 12605: 12603: 12600: 12598: 12595: 12591: 12588: 12586: 12583: 12581: 12578: 12577: 12576: 12573: 12572: 12570: 12568: 12564: 12561: 12559: 12555: 12545: 12542: 12540: 12537: 12535: 12532: 12530: 12527: 12525: 12522: 12520: 12517: 12515: 12512: 12510: 12507: 12505: 12502: 12500: 12497: 12495: 12492: 12490: 12487: 12485: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12471: 12469: 12467: 12463: 12457: 12456: 12452: 12450: 12449:Yoga Vasistha 12447: 12445: 12442: 12440: 12437: 12435: 12432: 12430: 12427: 12423: 12420: 12418: 12415: 12413: 12410: 12409: 12408: 12405: 12403: 12400: 12398: 12395: 12393: 12390: 12388: 12385: 12381: 12378: 12376: 12373: 12372: 12371: 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12360:Bhagavad Gita 12358: 12357: 12355: 12353: 12349: 12343: 12340: 12338: 12335: 12333: 12330: 12328: 12325: 12323: 12320: 12318: 12315: 12314: 12312: 12310: 12306: 12300: 12299:Sthapatyaveda 12297: 12295: 12292: 12290: 12287: 12285: 12282: 12281: 12279: 12277: 12273: 12263: 12260: 12258: 12255: 12253: 12250: 12248: 12245: 12243: 12240: 12238: 12235: 12233: 12230: 12228: 12225: 12223: 12220: 12218: 12215: 12213: 12210: 12208: 12205: 12203: 12200: 12199: 12197: 12195: 12191: 12185: 12182: 12180: 12177: 12175: 12172: 12171: 12169: 12165: 12159: 12156: 12154: 12151: 12149: 12146: 12144: 12141: 12140: 12137: 12134: 12132: 12128: 12122: 12119: 12117: 12114: 12113: 12111: 12107: 12104: 12102: 12098: 12079: 12075: 12072: 12068: 12067: 12063: 12061: 12060: 12056: 12054: 12053: 12049: 12048: 12047: 12044: 12042: 12039: 12037: 12034: 12032: 12029: 12027: 12024: 12022: 12018: 12015: 12014: 12012: 12010: 12006: 11998: 11995: 11993: 11990: 11988: 11985: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11973: 11970: 11968: 11965: 11963: 11960: 11958: 11955: 11954: 11953: 11950: 11949: 11944: 11941: 11939: 11936: 11934: 11931: 11929: 11926: 11925: 11924: 11921: 11920: 11917: 11914: 11912: 11909: 11907: 11904: 11902: 11899: 11897: 11894: 11892: 11889: 11887: 11884: 11883: 11881: 11879: 11875: 11872: 11870: 11866: 11860: 11857: 11854: 11852: 11849: 11848: 11845: 11839: 11835: 11831: 11823: 11818: 11816: 11811: 11809: 11804: 11803: 11800: 11793: 11788: 11783: 11781: 11771: 11769: 11759: 11757: 11752: 11747: 11746: 11743: 11734: 11733: 11728: 11724: 11720: 11716: 11712: 11711: 11702: 11698: 11694: 11690: 11686: 11682: 11678: 11674: 11670: 11669: 11657: 11652: 11648: 11642: 11640: 11635: 11622: 11617: 11610: 11606: 11602: 11595: 11590: 11584: 11582:9780226027838 11578: 11574: 11573: 11567: 11566: 11563: 11561:0-226-89483-5 11557: 11553: 11548: 11544: 11540: 11533: 11528: 11524: 11518: 11514: 11513: 11507: 11503: 11498: 11494: 11488: 11484: 11483: 11478: 11474: 11470: 11465: 11461: 11456: 11452: 11451: 11445: 11441: 11436: 11432: 11427: 11423: 11418: 11414: 11409: 11405: 11403:9781139469661 11399: 11395: 11394: 11388: 11384: 11378: 11374: 11373: 11367: 11364: 11358: 11354: 11350: 11349:J. P. Mallory 11346: 11342: 11338: 11333: 11318: 11311: 11306: 11302: 11300:9781136875908 11296: 11292: 11291: 11286: 11282: 11278: 11276:9781136875977 11272: 11269:. Routledge. 11268: 11267: 11262: 11258: 11254: 11252:0-02-865733-0 11248: 11244: 11239: 11233: 11229: 11227:9780791403617 11223: 11219: 11218: 11212: 11209: 11207:9781136875908 11203: 11200:, Routledge, 11199: 11198: 11192: 11188: 11183: 11179: 11177:9780470998687 11173: 11169: 11168: 11162: 11157: 11156: 11149: 11145: 11141: 11137: 11133: 11129: 11125: 11120: 11116: 11114:0-7007-1463-4 11110: 11106: 11102: 11098: 11094: 11089: 11085: 11081: 11077: 11073: 11069: 11065: 11061: 11056: 11052: 11051: 11045: 11041: 11036: 11032: 11030:9789004157194 11026: 11022: 11017: 11013: 11008: 11004: 11002:9780195073492 10998: 10994: 10993: 10988: 10984: 10980: 10975: 10974: 10956: 10949: 10941: 10938:Ruhe, Brian. 10934: 10926: 10919: 10912: 10908: 10901: 10891: 10883: 10876: 10869: 10864: 10857: 10852: 10845: 10838: 10833: 10831:81-208-0815-0 10827: 10823: 10816: 10808: 10801: 10793: 10789: 10782: 10780: 10778: 10770: 10766: 10762: 10755: 10748:. p. 46. 10747: 10740: 10732: 10730:9780791473368 10726: 10722: 10721: 10716: 10710: 10702: 10700:9780791447789 10696: 10692: 10691: 10683: 10677:, p. 40. 10676: 10675:Michaels 2004 10671: 10663: 10657: 10653: 10652: 10644: 10637: 10632: 10630: 10623:, p. 42. 10622: 10617: 10615: 10607: 10602: 10595: 10590: 10583: 10578: 10572:, p. 16. 10571: 10566: 10564: 10562: 10560: 10552: 10547: 10541:, p. 12. 10540: 10535: 10533: 10531: 10529: 10527: 10518: 10512: 10508: 10507: 10499: 10492: 10487: 10481:, p. 36. 10480: 10479:Michaels 2004 10475: 10468: 10463: 10456: 10455:Michaels 2004 10451: 10443: 10441:9788178231686 10437: 10433: 10429: 10428: 10420: 10412: 10408: 10404: 10400: 10393: 10385: 10383:81-208-1113-5 10379: 10375: 10374: 10369: 10363: 10355: 10353:0-919812-15-5 10349: 10345: 10338: 10332:, p. 46. 10331: 10326: 10317: 10308: 10299: 10290: 10275: 10271: 10265: 10256: 10248: 10242: 10238: 10231: 10229: 10220: 10214: 10210: 10209: 10201: 10193: 10187: 10183: 10182: 10174: 10166: 10160: 10156: 10155: 10147: 10139: 10133: 10129: 10128: 10120: 10112: 10106: 10102: 10101: 10093: 10085: 10079: 10075: 10074: 10066: 10058: 10052: 10048: 10047: 10039: 10031: 10025: 10021: 10020: 10012: 10004: 9998: 9994: 9993: 9985: 9977: 9971: 9967: 9966: 9958: 9950: 9944: 9940: 9939: 9934: 9928: 9920: 9914: 9906: 9904:2-7200-1035-9 9900: 9896: 9889: 9881: 9880: 9875: 9869: 9861: 9855: 9851: 9844: 9836: 9834:9781585092239 9830: 9826: 9825: 9818: 9816: 9814: 9812: 9803: 9797: 9793: 9786: 9778: 9771: 9763: 9759: 9753: 9751: 9749: 9747: 9745: 9743: 9741: 9739: 9737: 9735: 9733: 9731: 9729: 9727: 9725: 9723: 9715: 9710: 9702: 9698: 9694: 9690: 9686: 9682: 9675: 9667: 9663: 9657: 9649: 9643: 9639: 9638: 9630: 9622: 9616: 9612: 9611: 9603: 9595: 9591: 9587: 9583: 9579: 9575: 9571: 9564: 9556: 9555: 9547: 9539: 9533: 9529: 9528: 9520: 9512: 9506: 9502: 9501: 9493: 9487:, p. 90. 9486: 9485:Laumakis 2008 9481: 9474: 9470: 9469: 9461: 9454: 9453:Laumakis 2008 9449: 9441: 9435: 9431: 9424: 9416: 9412: 9405: 9398: 9393: 9385: 9379: 9375: 9374: 9366: 9358: 9352: 9347: 9346: 9337: 9329: 9323: 9319: 9318: 9310: 9303: 9297: 9295: 9287: 9283: 9278: 9271: 9267: 9263: 9262: 9254: 9247: 9242: 9240: 9231: 9227: 9223: 9221:81-7156-733-9 9217: 9213: 9212: 9204: 9196: 9192: 9188: 9182: 9178: 9177: 9169: 9162: 9157: 9150: 9149:Michaels 2004 9145: 9137: 9131: 9127: 9123: 9122: 9114: 9107: 9106:Sullivan 2001 9102: 9094: 9090: 9089: 9081: 9073: 9067: 9063: 9058: 9057: 9048: 9041: 9036: 9030: 9026: 9025: 9017: 9010: 9008: 9001: 8995: 8991: 8990: 8982: 8974: 8968: 8964: 8963: 8955: 8947: 8941: 8937: 8936: 8928: 8920: 8918:0-472-11490-5 8914: 8910: 8909: 8901: 8893: 8889: 8883: 8876: 8871: 8860: 8859: 8851: 8843: 8836: 8829: 8818: 8814: 8807: 8800: 8796: 8794:9780425253403 8790: 8786: 8779: 8772: 8768: 8766:9781845111755 8762: 8758: 8754: 8747: 8740: 8738: 8734: 8727: 8725:9781610690188 8721: 8717: 8710: 8703: 8698: 8691: 8686: 8679: 8674: 8672:9781438119137 8668: 8664: 8660: 8653: 8651: 8649: 8641: 8636: 8634: 8626: 8621: 8614: 8609: 8603:, p. 28. 8602: 8597: 8591:, p. 28. 8590: 8585: 8578: 8573: 8567:, p. 68. 8566: 8561: 8555:, p. 50. 8554: 8549: 8543:, p. 49. 8542: 8537: 8535: 8533: 8525: 8520: 8513: 8508: 8506: 8497: 8491: 8487: 8486: 8478: 8470: 8463: 8457:, p. 33. 8456: 8451: 8444: 8439: 8432: 8427: 8425: 8417: 8412: 8410: 8408: 8401:, p. 342 8400: 8394: 8387: 8382: 8374: 8370: 8364: 8356: 8352: 8346: 8338: 8334: 8327: 8323: 8317: 8309: 8302: 8295: 8290: 8283: 8278: 8271: 8266: 8259: 8254: 8252: 8250: 8242: 8237: 8231:, p. 30. 8230: 8225: 8218: 8213: 8206: 8201: 8194: 8189: 8187: 8179: 8174: 8172: 8170: 8168: 8161:, p. 21. 8160: 8155: 8148: 8143: 8136: 8135:Michaels 2004 8131: 8124: 8119: 8113:, p. 33. 8112: 8111:Michaels 2004 8107: 8105: 8103: 8101: 8099: 8097: 8089: 8084: 8077: 8076:Kuz'mina 2007 8072: 8070: 8062: 8057: 8051:, p. 33. 8050: 8045: 8038: 8037:Laumakis 2008 8033: 8031: 8029: 8022:, p. 58. 8021: 8016: 8009: 8004: 7997: 7992: 7990: 7988: 7979: 7973: 7969: 7968: 7960: 7945: 7941: 7935: 7933: 7931: 7922: 7916: 7912: 7911: 7903: 7895: 7893:81-215-0047-8 7889: 7885: 7884: 7876: 7874: 7865: 7859: 7855: 7848: 7846: 7838: 7833: 7831: 7829: 7827: 7825: 7823: 7821: 7819: 7811: 7806: 7800:, p. 32. 7799: 7798:Beckwith 2011 7794: 7792: 7790: 7782: 7777: 7775: 7773: 7771: 7764:, p. 38. 7763: 7762:Michaels 2004 7758: 7756: 7744: 7738: 7736: 7727: 7720: 7718: 7710: 7705: 7703: 7695: 7690: 7683: 7682:Sullivan 2001 7678: 7676: 7674: 7665: 7661: 7655: 7653: 7645: 7640: 7638: 7636: 7634: 7632: 7630: 7628: 7626: 7624: 7616: 7611: 7609: 7607: 7605: 7603: 7601: 7599: 7591: 7586: 7584: 7582: 7580: 7578: 7573: 7558: 7551: 7547: 7543: 7539: 7535: 7531: 7527: 7523: 7519: 7513: 7506: 7502: 7498: 7497:Bṛhadāraṇyaka 7492: 7484: 7478: 7474: 7473: 7465: 7459: 7455: 7454: 7449: 7442: 7435: 7434:Kalash people 7431: 7427: 7423: 7419: 7415: 7409: 7402: 7396: 7390: 7384: 7375: 7366: 7359: 7355: 7351: 7345: 7338: 7332: 7323: 7319: 7315: 7311: 7307: 7306:Anthony (2007 7304: 7301: 7297: 7293: 7292:Anthony (2007 7290: 7287: 7284: 7283: 7279: 7270: 7264: 7260: 7256: 7255:Indo-Iranians 7252: 7248: 7244: 7238: 7234: 7228: 7226: 7224: 7216: 7212: 7208: 7204: 7200: 7196: 7192: 7191: 7184: 7178: 7174: 7170: 7166: 7162: 7156: 7155: 7150: 7145: 7139: 7137: 7135: 7133: 7131: 7129: 7127: 7122: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7105: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7080: 7078: 7075: 7073: 7070: 7069: 7062: 7060: 7056: 7052: 7048: 7043: 7038: 7034: 7030: 7026: 7016: 7014: 7010: 7006: 7002: 6996: 6993: 6989: 6985: 6981: 6977: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6965: 6959: 6950: 6948: 6947:Kalash people 6944: 6940: 6936: 6932: 6927: 6925: 6921: 6917: 6913: 6909: 6908:Axel Michaels 6906:According to 6903: 6893: 6891: 6887: 6883: 6877: 6875: 6871: 6867: 6859: 6854: 6845: 6843: 6839: 6835: 6831: 6827: 6823: 6819: 6815: 6811: 6807: 6803: 6799: 6795: 6791: 6786: 6784: 6780: 6776: 6772: 6768: 6764: 6760: 6756: 6752: 6748: 6744: 6740: 6736: 6732: 6727: 6725: 6721: 6717: 6713: 6709: 6705: 6695: 6693: 6689: 6688: 6683: 6679: 6674: 6672: 6668: 6664: 6660: 6655: 6653: 6652: 6647: 6643: 6638: 6634: 6621: 6609: 6605: 6604: 6600: 6596: 6594: 6593: 6586: 6581: 6577: 6573: 6571: 6567: 6563: 6558: 6556: 6555: 6550: 6549: 6542: 6538: 6528: 6526: 6522: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6506: 6502: 6498: 6494: 6490: 6486: 6482: 6478: 6474: 6470: 6466: 6462: 6456: 6446: 6444: 6440: 6436: 6432: 6428: 6424: 6420: 6416: 6412: 6408: 6405:. The Devas ( 6404: 6400: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6380: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6356: 6354: 6353:ánagnidagdha- 6350: 6346: 6342: 6331: 6328: 6325: 6322: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6312: 6308: 6306: 6302: 6299: 6295: 6291: 6288: 6284: 6277: 6275:The Aptoryama 6274: 6271: 6268: 6265: 6262: 6257: 6253: 6252: 6250: 6249: 6247: 6246: 6244: 6240: 6237: 6233: 6229: 6225: 6222: 6218: 6215: 6213:, a sun charm 6212: 6208: 6204: 6201: 6200: 6198: 6194: 6191: 6190: 6189: 6184: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6166: 6156: 6152: 6150: 6146: 6142: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6126: 6121: 6115: 6111: 6107: 6103: 6099: 6094: 6090: 6086: 6082: 6078: 6073: 6071: 6067: 6063: 6059: 6058:reincarnation 6053: 6041: 6039: 6038: 6033: 6016: 6014: 6010: 6006: 6002: 5998: 5994: 5986: 5982: 5978: 5974: 5969: 5960: 5958: 5954: 5949: 5945: 5935: 5933: 5929: 5925: 5921: 5917: 5912: 5910: 5906: 5902: 5898: 5893: 5891: 5887: 5883: 5879: 5875: 5871: 5867: 5866:Dharmasastras 5863: 5859: 5847: 5840: 5830: 5828: 5824: 5820: 5816: 5815:Kalash people 5812: 5808: 5804: 5800: 5795: 5793: 5784: 5778: 5776: 5765: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5741: 5739: 5735: 5734: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5715: 5713: 5709: 5705: 5701: 5697: 5694:(present-day 5693: 5689: 5685: 5680: 5678: 5675: 5674:Central Asian 5671: 5667: 5663: 5659: 5649: 5647: 5646:Maurya Empire 5643: 5639: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5611: 5607: 5603: 5592: 5588: 5584: 5580: 5576: 5572: 5562: 5559: 5555: 5554:reincarnation 5551: 5547: 5541: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5526: 5525: 5520: 5516: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5501:According to 5499: 5497: 5493: 5483: 5476: 5472: 5468: 5464: 5450: 5448: 5447: 5442: 5441: 5436: 5432: 5428: 5424: 5420: 5416: 5412: 5408: 5404: 5400: 5396: 5391: 5389: 5385: 5381: 5376: 5372: 5363: 5361: 5353: 5349: 5345: 5341: 5337: 5329: 5321: 5317: 5312: 5310: 5306: 5302: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5282: 5278: 5274: 5270: 5266: 5262: 5250: 5245: 5243: 5238: 5236: 5231: 5230: 5228: 5227: 5220: 5219: 5215: 5213: 5212: 5208: 5206: 5205: 5201: 5199: 5198: 5194: 5192: 5191: 5187: 5186: 5183: 5180: 5179: 5176: 5173: 5172: 5169: 5166: 5165: 5162: 5161:J. P. Mallory 5159: 5157: 5154: 5153: 5150: 5147: 5146: 5143: 5138: 5137: 5130: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5107: 5104: 5101: 5100: 5097: 5094: 5089: 5085: 5082: 5078: 5077: 5076: 5073: 5068: 5064: 5061: 5057: 5054: 5050: 5049: 5048: 5045: 5040: 5036: 5033: 5029: 5026: 5022: 5019: 5015: 5012: 5008: 5007: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4984: 4981: 4978: 4975: 4972: 4968: 4965: 4964: 4963: 4961: 4960: 4953: 4950: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4937: 4933: 4932: 4931: 4928: 4923: 4919: 4916: 4912: 4911: 4910: 4907: 4902: 4898: 4897: 4896: 4893: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4888: 4880: 4876: 4873: 4869: 4866: 4862: 4857: 4853: 4852: 4851: 4848: 4847: 4846: 4844: 4843: 4836: 4833: 4832: 4829: 4826: 4825: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4802: 4799: 4798:Reconstructed 4796: 4795: 4789: 4788: 4781: 4778: 4777: 4776: 4775: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4764: 4763: 4757: 4754: 4752: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4720: 4717: 4716: 4715: 4713: 4707: 4704: 4703: 4700: 4697: 4692: 4688: 4685: 4681: 4678: 4674: 4671: 4667: 4664: 4660: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4626: 4625:Insular Celts 4622: 4619: 4615: 4612: 4608: 4607: 4606: 4603: 4602: 4601: 4599: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4584: 4583: 4581: 4575: 4572: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4562: 4559: 4558: 4557: 4555: 4549: 4546: 4545: 4542: 4541:Indo-Iranians 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4516: 4515: 4512: 4509: 4508: 4502: 4501: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4485: 4484: 4483: 4477: 4474: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4450: 4449: 4447: 4441: 4438: 4437: 4436: 4434: 4428: 4425: 4424: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4406: 4405: 4403: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4359: 4357: 4354: 4352: 4349: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4331: 4329: 4326: 4325: 4324: 4322: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4286: 4284: 4283:Pontic Steppe 4277: 4274: 4273: 4266: 4262: 4259: 4255: 4254: 4253: 4250: 4249: 4248: 4246: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4229: 4225: 4224: 4223: 4221: 4215: 4212: 4211: 4210: 4208: 4202: 4199: 4198: 4197: 4195: 4184: 4180: 4177: 4173: 4172: 4170: 4166: 4163: 4159: 4156: 4152: 4149: 4145: 4142: 4138: 4135: 4131: 4130: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4117: 4116:Kurgan stelae 4114: 4113: 4112: 4109: 4107: 4104: 4103: 4102: 4100: 4099:Pontic Steppe 4093: 4090: 4089: 4083: 4082: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4046: 4041: 4040: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4022: 4017: 4016: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3993: 3987: 3986: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3905: 3899: 3898: 3890: 3889:Proto-Iranian 3886: 3883: 3880: 3876: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3850: 3847: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3828: 3825: 3824: 3821: 3818: 3817: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3772: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3732:Daco-Thracian 3730: 3728: 3725: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3717: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3696: 3695: 3693: 3690: 3689: 3686: 3685:Reconstructed 3683: 3682: 3675: 3671: 3668: 3664: 3661: 3657: 3654: 3650: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3636: 3633: 3629: 3626: 3622: 3621: 3620: 3617: 3615: 3612: 3610: 3607: 3606: 3603: 3600: 3599: 3593: 3589: 3588: 3587: 3584: 3579: 3575: 3572: 3568: 3565: 3561: 3560: 3559: 3556: 3551: 3547: 3546: 3545: 3542: 3540: 3537: 3535: 3532: 3527: 3523: 3520: 3516: 3515: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3501: 3497: 3496: 3495: 3492: 3491: 3488: 3485: 3484: 3480: 3477: 3476: 3472: 3467: 3466: 3462: 3458: 3457: 3454: 3451: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3441: 3431: 3426: 3424: 3419: 3417: 3412: 3411: 3409: 3408: 3403: 3393: 3392: 3389: 3386: 3384: 3381: 3380: 3379: 3378: 3371: 3367: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3342: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3331: 3328: 3326: 3323: 3321: 3318: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3307: 3303:Hindu culture 3301: 3300: 3297: 3294: 3293: 3290: 3287: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3277: 3274: 3269: 3268: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3255:Organisations 3253: 3251: 3248: 3246: 3243: 3239: 3236: 3235: 3234: 3231: 3230: 3224: 3223: 3220: 3217: 3216: 3213: 3210: 3209: 3206: 3203: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3193: 3192: 3189: 3186: 3184: 3181: 3179: 3176: 3174: 3171: 3170: 3167: 3164: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3154: 3148: 3147: 3140: 3139: 3135: 3133: 3132: 3128: 3126: 3125: 3121: 3119: 3118: 3114: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3105: 3104: 3100: 3098: 3097: 3093: 3091: 3090: 3086: 3084: 3083: 3079: 3077: 3076: 3072: 3070: 3069: 3065: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3056: 3055: 3051: 3049: 3048: 3044: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3034: 3031: 3030: 3026: 3024: 3023: 3019: 3017: 3016: 3012: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2998: 2995: 2994: 2990: 2988: 2987: 2983: 2981: 2980: 2979:Yoga Vasistha 2976: 2974: 2973: 2969: 2967: 2966: 2962: 2960: 2959: 2955: 2953: 2952: 2948: 2946: 2945: 2944:Natya Shastra 2941: 2939: 2938: 2934: 2932: 2931: 2927: 2925: 2924: 2920: 2918: 2917: 2913: 2911: 2910: 2906: 2904: 2903: 2899: 2897: 2896: 2892: 2890: 2889: 2885: 2883: 2882: 2881:Brahma Sutras 2878: 2876: 2875: 2871: 2869: 2868: 2864: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2855: 2854: 2850: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2837: 2833: 2832: 2829: 2828: 2827:Sthapatyaveda 2824: 2822: 2821: 2820:Gandharvaveda 2817: 2815: 2814: 2810: 2808: 2807: 2803: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2793: 2790: 2789: 2785: 2783: 2782: 2781:Varaha Purana 2778: 2776: 2775: 2774:Skanda Purana 2771: 2769: 2768: 2764: 2762: 2761: 2757: 2755: 2754: 2750: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2741: 2740: 2736: 2734: 2733: 2729: 2727: 2726: 2722: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2713: 2712: 2711:Brahma Purana 2708: 2706: 2705: 2704:Garuda Purana 2701: 2699: 2698: 2697:Matsya Purana 2694: 2692: 2691: 2690:Vāmana Purana 2687: 2685: 2684: 2680: 2678: 2677: 2673: 2671: 2670: 2666: 2664: 2663: 2662:Vishnu Purana 2659: 2658: 2654: 2649: 2645: 2644: 2641: 2640: 2636: 2634: 2633: 2629: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2619: 2616: 2614: 2610: 2608: 2607: 2606:Bhagavad Gita 2603: 2602: 2598: 2594: 2593: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2544: 2542: 2541: 2537: 2535: 2534: 2530: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2519: 2518: 2514: 2512: 2511: 2507: 2506: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2496: 2495: 2491: 2489: 2488: 2484: 2482: 2481: 2477: 2475: 2474: 2470: 2468: 2467: 2463: 2461: 2460: 2456: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2448: 2445: 2444: 2440: 2438: 2437: 2433: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2400: 2398: 2395: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2387: 2384: 2383: 2379: 2377: 2376: 2372: 2370: 2369: 2365: 2363: 2362: 2358: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2348: 2345: 2342: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2301: 2298: 2293: 2292: 2285: 2282: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2255: 2252: 2250: 2247: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2237: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2220: 2217: 2215: 2212: 2210: 2207: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2197: 2195: 2192: 2190: 2189:Radhakrishnan 2187: 2185: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2175: 2172: 2170: 2169:Narayana Guru 2167: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2155: 2152: 2150: 2149:Jaggi Vasudev 2147: 2145: 2142: 2140: 2139:Chinmayananda 2137: 2135: 2132: 2130: 2127: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2116: 2110: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2096: 2093: 2091: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2061: 2058: 2056: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2041: 2038: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2026: 2023: 2021: 2018: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2006: 2003: 2001: 2000:Ramprasad Sen 1998: 1996: 1993: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1923: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1851: 1850:Gorakshanatha 1848: 1846: 1843: 1841: 1838: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1823: 1821: 1818: 1816: 1813: 1811: 1808: 1806: 1803: 1801: 1798: 1796: 1793: 1791: 1790:Allama Prabhu 1788: 1786: 1785:Akka Mahadevi 1783: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1775:Abhinavagupta 1773: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1763: 1760: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1724:Prashastapada 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1651: 1647: 1643: 1642: 1639: 1634: 1633: 1626: 1623: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1614: 1611: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1593: 1592: 1589: 1588: 1584:Other schools 1582: 1581: 1576: 1575: 1571: 1569: 1568: 1564: 1562: 1561: 1560:Shuddhadvaita 1557: 1555: 1554: 1550: 1548: 1547: 1543: 1541: 1540: 1536: 1534: 1533: 1529: 1528: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1489: 1486: 1481: 1480: 1473: 1470: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1380: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1360: 1356: 1352: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1260: 1256: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1242: 1241:Kalaripayattu 1239: 1237: 1234: 1232: 1229: 1227: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1214: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1177: 1176:Bharatanatyam 1174: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1077: 1076: 1070: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1055:Nritta-Nritya 1053: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 991: 988: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 963: 961: 958: 957: 952: 948: 947: 941: 940: 933: 930: 928: 925: 923: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 908: 905: 904: 900: 896: 895: 892: 889: 887: 884: 882: 879: 877: 874: 872: 869: 867: 864: 862: 859: 857: 854: 852: 849: 847: 844: 842: 839: 837: 834: 832: 829: 827: 824: 822: 819: 817: 814: 812: 809: 807: 804: 802: 799: 798: 792: 791: 788: 785: 783: 780: 778: 775: 773: 770: 768: 765: 763: 760: 758: 755: 753: 750: 748: 745: 743: 740: 738: 735: 733: 730: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 708: 702: 701: 698: 695: 693: 690: 688: 685: 683: 680: 679: 676: 673: 672: 668: 664: 663: 660: 657: 655: 652: 650: 647: 646: 642: 638: 637: 634: 631: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 615: 611: 607: 606: 603: 600: 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49: 45: 44: 39: 34: 30: 19: 20451:Vedic period 20410:Neoplatonism 20350:Tree of life 20313:Sacred grove 20214:Bear worship 20167:Neoshamanism 20029:Zalmoxianism 19982:Adyghe Habze 19887:Modern pagan 19594:Mesopotamian 19450:Paleo-Balkan 19384:Samothracian 19263:Old Prussian 19160:Bongthingism 19089: 18831:Roman School 18775: 18754:Neoplatonism 18711:Mesopotamian 18548:Confucianism 18487:Christianity 18465:Major groups 17802:Turkmenistan 17762:Saudi Arabia 17507:South Africa 17497:Sierra Leone 17302:Burkina Faso 17211:Names of God 17158:Unaffiliated 17113:Antireligion 16974:Universalism 16922:Assimilation 16787:Anthropology 16662:Supernatural 16657:Spirituality 16625:Sacred space 16613:Purification 16486:Denomination 16440: / 16284: 16248:Paleo-Balkan 16214:Mesopotamian 16054:Cook Islands 16025:Old Prussian 15938:UFO religion 15877: 15873:Zalmoxianism 15801:Neoshamanism 15658:Spiritualism 15541:Other ethnic 15430: 15256:Traditional 15216:Bongthingism 15114:Acoma Pueblo 15057:Mesoamerican 14786:Austronesian 14607: 14603:Neo-Buddhism 14535: 14531:Neo-Hinduism 14452:Swaminarayan 14290: 14239:Salvationist 14224:Confucianism 14075:Samaritanism 14045:Ali-Illahism 14026: 13893: 13887:Unitarianism 13828:Old Catholic 13635:Nestorianism 13593:Christianity 13580: 13546:Conservative 13373:Architecture 12976:Brahmacharya 12918:Samavartanam 12883:Annaprashana 12749: 12652: 12453: 12407:Dharmaśāstra 12397:Arthashastra 12232:Maitrayaniya 12064: 12057: 12050: 11972:Brahmacharya 11730: 11718: 11684: 11680: 11654: 11650: 11620: 11609:the original 11604: 11600: 11571: 11551: 11542: 11538: 11511: 11501: 11481: 11468: 11459: 11449: 11439: 11430: 11421: 11412: 11392: 11371: 11352: 11336: 11324:. Retrieved 11317:the original 11289: 11265: 11242: 11216: 11196: 11186: 11166: 11154: 11130:(1): 34–49. 11127: 11123: 11104: 11092: 11067: 11063: 11049: 11039: 11020: 11011: 10991: 10978: 10954: 10948: 10939: 10933: 10924: 10923:"Buddhism". 10918: 10910: 10906: 10900: 10890: 10881: 10875: 10863: 10854: 10850: 10844: 10835: 10821: 10815: 10806: 10800: 10791: 10787: 10768: 10765:Random House 10760: 10754: 10745: 10739: 10719: 10709: 10689: 10682: 10670: 10650: 10643: 10608:, p. 3. 10601: 10589: 10584:, p. 9. 10582:Osborne 2005 10577: 10546: 10505: 10498: 10486: 10474: 10462: 10450: 10431: 10426: 10419: 10405:(1): 31–40. 10402: 10398: 10392: 10372: 10362: 10343: 10337: 10325: 10316: 10307: 10298: 10289: 10277:. Retrieved 10273: 10264: 10255: 10236: 10207: 10200: 10180: 10173: 10153: 10146: 10126: 10119: 10099: 10092: 10072: 10065: 10045: 10038: 10018: 10011: 9991: 9984: 9964: 9957: 9937: 9933:Staal, Frits 9927: 9894: 9888: 9877: 9868: 9849: 9843: 9823: 9791: 9785: 9776: 9770: 9761: 9758:Renou, Louis 9709: 9684: 9680: 9674: 9666:the original 9656: 9636: 9629: 9609: 9602: 9577: 9573: 9563: 9553: 9546: 9526: 9519: 9499: 9492: 9480: 9472: 9467: 9460: 9448: 9429: 9423: 9414: 9410: 9404: 9392: 9372: 9365: 9344: 9336: 9316: 9309: 9285: 9277: 9260: 9253: 9248:, p. 2. 9210: 9203: 9175: 9168: 9156: 9144: 9120: 9113: 9101: 9087: 9080: 9055: 9047: 9038: 9023: 9016: 9006: 9003: 8988: 8981: 8961: 8954: 8934: 8927: 8907: 8900: 8891: 8882: 8870: 8857: 8850: 8841: 8835: 8827: 8820:. Retrieved 8806: 8798: 8784: 8778: 8770: 8752: 8746: 8736: 8732: 8729: 8715: 8709: 8697: 8685: 8676: 8658: 8620: 8608: 8596: 8584: 8572: 8560: 8553:Anthony 2007 8548: 8541:Anthony 2007 8524:Anthony 2007 8519: 8512:Anthony 2007 8484: 8477: 8468: 8462: 8450: 8438: 8398: 8393: 8381: 8372: 8363: 8354: 8345: 8336: 8332: 8316: 8307: 8301: 8294:Anthony 2007 8289: 8282:Anthony 2007 8277: 8270:Anthony 2007 8265: 8258:Anthony 2007 8236: 8224: 8212: 8207:, p. 5. 8200: 8154: 8142: 8130: 8118: 8083: 8056: 8044: 8020:Flood (2020) 8015: 8003: 7966: 7959: 7947:. Retrieved 7943: 7909: 7902: 7882: 7853: 7805: 7781:Anthony 2007 7725: 7689: 7684:, p. 9. 7663: 7557: 7518:Vedic period 7512: 7491: 7471: 7452: 7441: 7428:, where the 7408: 7400: 7395: 7374: 7365: 7357: 7353: 7349: 7344: 7331: 7321: 7317: 7313: 7310:Verethraghna 7278: 7262: 7194: 7189: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7164: 7152: 7143: 7102: 7047:tirthankaras 7044: 7040: 6998: 6991: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6975: 6973: 6969: 6962: 6956: 6928: 6905: 6878: 6863: 6857: 6787: 6769:. The deity 6728: 6711: 6701: 6691: 6685: 6675: 6666: 6662: 6656: 6649: 6645: 6636: 6623: 6610: 6602: 6588: 6574: 6559: 6552: 6546: 6544: 6458: 6396: 6352: 6348: 6338: 6305:Purushamedha 6278:The Vajapeya 6272:The Atiratra 6266:The Sodashin 6223:) sacrifices 6193:Fire rituals 6187: 6153: 6137:polytheistic 6122: 6113: 6102:Vedic period 6100:of the late 6092: 6088: 6084: 6074: 6069: 6065: 6056:The idea of 6055: 6035: 6019: 5990: 5943: 5941: 5924:Nanda Empire 5913: 5896: 5894: 5865: 5862:Dharmasutras 5861: 5855: 5796: 5791: 5783:Ganges Plain 5779: 5771: 5757: 5745: 5743: 5731: 5727: 5723: 5720:Verethraghna 5717: 5681: 5655: 5605: 5604:tribes, the 5599: 5579:Vedic period 5542: 5533:Brahmo Samaj 5522: 5500: 5495: 5491: 5489: 5474: 5462: 5461: 5444: 5438: 5399:Fire rituals 5392: 5364: 5344:Central Asia 5316:Indo-Iranian 5313: 5293:Vedic period 5276: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5258: 5216: 5209: 5202: 5195: 5188: 5182:Publications 5181: 5167: 5148: 5102: 4985: 4979: 4973: 4967:Paleo-Balkan 4957: 4956: 4944: 4943: 4885: 4884: 4849: 4840: 4839: 4827: 4814: 4797: 4780:Greater Iran 4773: 4772: 4761: 4760: 4724: 4723: 4711: 4710: 4653:Paleo-Balkan 4618:Celtiberians 4597: 4596: 4579: 4578: 4566: 4565: 4553: 4552: 4481: 4480: 4468: 4467: 4445: 4444: 4432: 4431: 4401: 4400: 4343: 4342: 4320: 4319: 4282: 4281: 4244: 4243: 4219: 4218: 4206: 4205: 4193: 4192: 4134:Bug–Dniester 4098: 4097: 3963:Gothic Bible 3879:Proto-Baltic 3875:Proto-Slavic 3860:Proto-Italic 3856:Proto-Celtic 3819: 3774: 3762:Italo-Celtic 3757:Indo-Hittite 3747:Graeco-Aryan 3720:Hypothetical 3719: 3684: 3619:Paleo-Balkan 3601: 3558:Indo-Iranian 3513:Balto-Slavic 3486: 3362: / 3358: / 3354: / 3350: / 3348:and Buddhism 3346: / 3310:Architecture 3273:Other topics 3211: 3194: 3166:Four varnas: 3165: 3136: 3129: 3122: 3115: 3108: 3101: 3094: 3087: 3080: 3073: 3066: 3059: 3052: 3045: 3027: 3020: 3013: 2991: 2984: 2977: 2970: 2963: 2956: 2951:Panchatantra 2949: 2942: 2935: 2928: 2921: 2914: 2907: 2902:Nyāya Sūtras 2900: 2893: 2886: 2879: 2872: 2865: 2860:Artha Śastra 2858: 2851: 2825: 2818: 2811: 2804: 2786: 2779: 2772: 2767:Kūrma Purana 2765: 2760:Linga Purana 2758: 2753:Shiva Purana 2751: 2744: 2739:Padma Purana 2737: 2730: 2723: 2716: 2709: 2702: 2695: 2688: 2681: 2674: 2667: 2660: 2637: 2630: 2615:s (Hinduism) 2612: 2604: 2545: 2538: 2531: 2525:Atharvaveda: 2524: 2515: 2508: 2501: 2492: 2485: 2478: 2471: 2464: 2457: 2450: 2441: 2434: 2427: 2389: 2380: 2373: 2366: 2359: 2239:Shraddhanand 2214:Ravi Shankar 2194:R. D. Ranade 2055:Śyāma Śastri 2050:Swaminarayan 2010:Rupa Goswami 1920:Morya Gosavi 1880:Jiva Goswami 1780:Adi Shankara 1606:Pratyabhijña 1572: 1565: 1558: 1551: 1544: 1537: 1530: 1337:Samavartanam 1317:Vidyāraṃbhaṃ 1302:Annaprashana 1226:Dandiya Raas 1201:Mohiniyattam 1094:Nididhyāsana 899:Epistemology 831:Brahmacharya 711:Ātman (self) 674: 618:Brahmacharya 547:Saccidānanda 499:Panchikarana 375: 308: 299: / 295:Other major 219: 153: 152: 132: 107: 41: 38:Vedic period 29: 20019:Italo-Roman 19923:Ausar Auset 19691:Micronesian 19482:Gallo-Roman 19332:Anglo-Saxon 19130:Satsana Phi 19014:Momolianism 18918:Historical 18899:Panentheism 18683:Paleolithic 18675:Prehistoric 18649:New Thought 18637:Neopaganism 18253:New Zealand 18190:Saint Lucia 18140:El Salvador 18045:Switzerland 17980:Netherlands 17752:Philippines 17680:South Korea 17675:North Korea 17565:Afghanistan 17512:South Sudan 17402:Ivory Coast 17186:Deification 17133:Objectivism 17108:Agnosticism 17066:Persecution 17056:Video games 17021:Populations 16932:Proselytism 16900:Monasticism 16891:Clericalism 16881:Agriculture 16872:and society 16837:Soteriology 16797:Comparative 16767:Transtheism 16752:Panentheism 16536:Monasticism 16329:Gallo-Roman 16231:Micronesian 16197:Manichaeism 16145:Hermeticism 16113:Continental 16108:Anglo-Saxon 15988:Paleolithic 15983:Prehistoric 15933:Scientology 15796:Italo-Roman 15651:Radha Soami 15631:New Thought 15471:Espiritismo 15412:Waaqeffanna 15352:Fon and Ewe 15290:Sub-Saharan 15173:Satsana Phi 14969:Ghost Dance 14927:Californian 14905:Anishinaabe 14836:Karo Pemena 14815:Indonesian 14489:Lingayatism 14437:Mahanubhava 14407:Vaishnavism 14338:Jeungsanism 14261:Folk Taoism 14244:Xiantiandao 14098:Zoroastrian 13757:Charismatic 13752:Pentecostal 13715:Anglicanism 13666:Waldensians 13601:Catholicism 13422:WikiProject 13294:Persecution 13282:Nationalism 13272:Iconography 13152:Ratha Yatra 13063:Janmashtami 13058:Rama Navami 12986:Vanaprastha 12937:Varnashrama 12913:Ritushuddhi 12898:Vidyarambha 12888:Chudakarana 12878:Nishkramana 12853:Garbhadhana 12494:Thirukkural 12489:Thiruppugal 12417:Nāradasmṛti 12380:Mahabharata 12158:Atharvaveda 12036:Vaisheshika 11923:Puruṣārthas 11727:"The Vedas" 11630:Web-sources 11433:. ABC-CLIO. 10868:Zimmer 1989 10636:Larson 2009 10594:Samuel 2010 10551:Samuel 2010 10491:Muesse 2003 10279:21 February 9762:Vedic India 8875:Basham 1989 8757:I.B. Tauris 8690:Samuel 2010 8613:Samuel 2010 8386:Bryant 2001 8369:Bhan, Suraj 8217:Samuel 2010 8147:Witzel 1995 8049:Welbon 2004 7837:Witzel 1995 7694:Samuel 2010 7615:Samuel 2010 7548:, when the 7337:Witzel 1995 7211:Welbon 2004 7207:Samuel 2010 7199:Witzel 1995 6924:Vaishnavism 6747:Dyaus Pitar 6684:. The term 6661:, the term 6644:cognate to 6587:equivalent 6513:Vishwamitra 6461:Yajnavalkya 6443:Vishvadevas 6349:agnidagdhá- 6315:Atharvaveda 6289:) sacrifice 6141:pantheistic 6040:, 10:129-6 5571:Indo-Aryans 5537:Neo-Vedanta 5507:Hindu epics 5471:Indus River 5453:Terminology 5405:); and the 5301:Vedic texts 5060:Continental 5053:Anglo-Saxon 4756:Middle Ages 4706:Middle Ages 4561:Indo-Aryans 4554:Indo-Aryans 4361:Bell Beaker 4356:Corded ware 4252:Corded ware 4141:Sredny Stog 4086:Archaeology 3866:Proto-Greek 3846:Proto-Norse 3356:and Judaism 3352:and Sikhism 3320:Iconography 3245:Nationalism 3238:Persecution 3022:Shiva Stuti 2916:Yoga Sutras 2746:Agni Purana 2648:Other texts 2639:Mahabharata 2382:Atharvaveda 2279:Vivekananda 2204:Rama Tirtha 2199:Ramakrishna 2174:Nigamananda 2164:Mahesh Yogi 2040:Sripadaraja 2030:Siddheshwar 1925:Mukundarāja 1905:Madhusūdana 1895:Kanaka Dasa 1815:Chakradhara 1759:Yajnavalkya 1749:Vishvamitra 1618:Pancharatra 1516:Vaisheshika 1472:Ratha Yatra 1420:Janmashtami 1415:Rama Navami 1332:Ritushuddhi 1307:Chudakarana 1297:Nishkramana 1267:Garbhadhana 1236:Pandav Lila 1145:Bhakti yoga 1030:Prāyaścitta 801:Niti śastra 649:Bhakti yoga 628:Vānaprastha 443:Vishvakarma 376:Post-Vedic: 212:Vaishnavism 154:Traditional 18:Brahmanical 20435:Categories 20372:Witchcraft 20355:World tree 20293:Orthopraxy 20142:Stregheria 20089:Udmurt Vos 20052:Burkhanism 19960:Dievturība 19938:Mexicayotl 19706:Polynesian 19686:Melanesian 19681:Australian 19599:Babylonian 19413:Lusitanian 19408:Gallaecian 19398:Cantabrian 19374:Eleusinian 19288:Circassian 19284:Caucasian 19273:Lithuanian 19190:Sanamahism 19170:Donyi-Polo 19031:Philippine 19009:Kaharingan 18994:Vietnamese 18909:Polytheism 18836:Secularism 18826:Irreligion 18749:Gnosticism 18667:Historical 18540:East Asian 18512:Amerindian 18243:Micronesia 18120:Costa Rica 18015:San Marino 17975:Montenegro 17955:Luxembourg 17812:Uzbekistan 17787:Tajikistan 17692:Kyrgyzstan 17665:Kazakhstan 17615:East Timor 17585:Bangladesh 17575:Azerbaijan 17492:Seychelles 17457:Mozambique 17442:Mauritania 17427:Madagascar 17317:Cape Verde 17099:irreligion 17094:Secularism 17001:Minorities 16969:Toleration 16964:Syncretism 16949:Fanaticism 16939:Disability 16927:Missionary 16917:Conversion 16905:Ordination 16827:Psychology 16822:Philosophy 16762:Polytheism 16742:Monotheism 16737:Henotheism 16578:Orthopraxy 16568:Ordination 16531:Meditation 16526:Indigenous 16491:Entheogens 16476:Conversion 16302:Pueblo III 16219:Babylonian 16209:Melanesian 16135:Gnosticism 16020:Lithuanian 15913:Fourth Way 15767:Circassian 15745:Dievturība 15668:Tensegrity 15601:Falun Gong 15246:Sanamahism 15226:Donyi-Polo 14858:Polynesian 14804:Kaharingan 14729:Burkhanism 14668:Ravidassia 14646:Śvetāmbara 14432:Pushtimarg 14412:Krishnaism 14348:Vietnamese 14333:Cheondoism 14266:Yao Taoism 14202:East Asian 13968:Isma'ilism 13924:Maturidism 13703:Mennonites 13698:Hutterites 13683:Anabaptism 13576:Humanistic 13123:Kumbh Mela 13091:Gudi Padwa 13036:Durga Puja 13021:Shivaratri 12893:Karnavedha 12873:Namakarana 12835:Tirthatana 12602:Dattatreya 12439:Subhashita 12412:Manusmriti 12289:Dhanurveda 12222:Taittiriya 12207:Kaushitaki 12194:Upanishads 11967:Aparigraha 11869:Philosophy 11768:Philosophy 10621:Gomez 2013 10570:Flood 1996 10467:Flood 1996 9859:8126902868 9801:1419125087 9714:Flood 2008 9397:Singh 2008 9270:Q108732338 8702:Knipe 2015 8601:White 2003 8589:White 2006 8565:Flood 2008 8455:Flood 1996 8416:Singh 2008 8339:(3): 1–93. 8229:Flood 1996 8193:Flood 1996 8159:Flood 1996 8088:Singh 2008 7810:White 2003 7709:Knipe 2015 7569:References 7530:east India 7414:Nuristanis 7195:Brahmanism 7158:Hinduism". 7001:Upanishads 6988:Upanishads 6564:and later 6535:See also: 6473:Bharadvaja 6453:See also: 6294:Ashvamedha 6263:The Ukthya 6232:fire altar 6228:Agnicayana 6221:Cāturmāsya 6098:Upanishads 6050:See also: 6009:Upanishads 5999:, but the 5944:Brahminism 5909:Upanishads 5897:Brahmanism 5846:Branhamism 5833:Brahmanism 5696:Uzbekistan 5644:, and the 5626:Upanishads 5602:Indo-Aryan 5490:The terms 5475:Brahmanism 5407:Ashvamedha 5168:Institutes 5088:Lithuanian 4842:Indo-Aryan 4828:Historical 4762:Indo-Aryan 4719:Tocharians 4633:Cimmerians 4511:Bronze Age 4402:South Asia 4276:Bronze Age 4214:Afanasievo 4018:Mainstream 3782:Vocabulary 3702:Sound laws 3564:Indo-Aryan 3196:Varna-less 3068:Tiruppukal 3029:Vayu Stuti 2993:Panchadasi 2986:Swara yoga 2874:Kama Sutra 2813:Dhanurveda 2473:Taittiriya 2451:Yajurveda: 2443:Kaushitaki 2420:Upanishads 2412:Upanishads 2336:Scriptures 2184:Prabhupada 2100:Vidyaranya 1985:Ram Charan 1960:Prabhākara 1875:Jayatīrtha 1825:Dadu Dayal 1820:Chāngadeva 1679:Bharadwaja 1669:Ashtavakra 1435:Kumbh Mela 1383:Durga Puja 1312:Karnavedha 1292:Nāmakaraṇa 1221:Yakshagana 1150:Karma yoga 1140:Jnana yoga 1135:Hatha yoga 1072:Meditation 1045:Tirthadana 826:Aparigraha 682:Paramātman 667:Liberation 659:Karma yoga 654:Jnana yoga 383:Dattatreya 183:Traditions 108:Historical 20323:Sacrifice 20318:Holy well 20286:Mythology 20269:Stone row 20079:Hungarian 20009:Hellenism 20004:Heathenry 19972:Caucasian 19934:American 19928:Godianism 19889:movements 19621:Canaanite 19524:Hungarian 19492:Mithraism 19423:Camunnian 19364:Hero cult 19231:Anatolian 19145:Benzhuism 19140:Bathouism 19068:Dravidian 18999:Indonesia 18969:Mongolian 18904:Pantheism 18693:Near East 18609:Mithraism 18502:Rastafari 18474:Abrahamic 18361:Venezuela 18306:Argentina 18223:Australia 18175:Nicaragua 18150:Guatemala 17950:Lithuania 17772:Sri Lanka 17767:Singapore 17747:Palestine 17635:Indonesia 17625:Hong Kong 17447:Mauritius 17168:Overviews 17123:Criticism 17071:Terrorism 17046:Theocracy 16991:Happiness 16959:Pluralism 16944:Education 16870:Religion 16842:Salvation 16832:Sociology 16777:Religious 16757:Pantheism 16747:Nontheism 16640:Mountains 16618:Sacrifice 16573:Orthodoxy 16563:Mythology 16558:Mysticism 16447:Behaviour 16356:Canaanite 16339:Mithraism 16307:Pueblo IV 16297:Pueblo II 16202:Mazdakism 16177:Hungarian 16150:Mysteries 16059:Dravidian 15841:Hungarian 15757:Caucasian 15728:Godianism 15688:Agni Yoga 15678:Theosophy 15641:Rastafari 15616:Modekngei 15596:Brahmoism 15589:Syncretic 15581:movements 15579:religious 15491:Quimbanda 15439:Candomblé 15432:Diasporic 15211:Bathouism 15201:Benzhuism 15126:Tsimshian 15077:Purépecha 14998:Longhouse 14973:Sun Dance 14922:Blackfoot 14841:Malaysian 14831:Kapitayan 14641:Digambara 14626:Ayyavazhi 14591:Vajrayana 14556:Theravada 14469:Ganapatya 14442:Ramanandi 14371:Hoahaoism 14249:Yiguandao 14144:Yarsanism 14139:Shabakism 14126:Yazdânism 14116:Zurvanism 14111:Mazdaznan 14070:Rastafari 14065:Mandaeism 13939:Wahhabism 13919:Ash'arism 13882:Tolstoyan 13872:Spiritual 13862:Mormonism 13833:Judaizers 13806:Quakerism 13784:Methodist 13774:Irvingism 13725:Calvinism 13678:Adventism 13661:Moravians 13498:Abrahamic 13346:Theosophy 13277:Mythology 13257:Criticism 13225:Etymology 13183:Svādhyāya 13082:New Year 13031:Navaratri 13003:Festivals 12981:Grihastha 12954:Kshatriya 12928:Antyeshti 12903:Upanayana 12868:Jatakarma 12858:Pumsavana 12845:Sanskaras 12810:Naivedhya 12764:Practices 12709:Mahavidya 12677:Saraswati 12664:Goddesses 12622:Kartikeya 12519:Athichudi 12474:Tirumurai 12327:Vyākaraṇa 12294:Natyaveda 12242:Chandogya 12167:Divisions 12148:Yajurveda 11701:220050987 11656:Hinduism. 11355:, Brill, 11084:220050987 11023:. BRILL. 10907:The Jains 10211:. Brill. 9913:cite book 9701:1749-8171 9594:1756-4255 9195:729756183 9040:Absolute. 7501:Chāndogya 7430:Nambudiri 7243:Andronovo 7181:See also 6941:linguist 6834:Sarasvati 6783:Prajapati 6481:Jamadagni 6341:cremation 6256:Pravargya 6207:Agnihotra 6165:Yajurveda 6155:ongoing. 6143:aspects. 6133:animistic 6093:Upanisads 6089:Aranyakas 6081:afterlife 6005:Aranyakas 6001:Brahmanas 5895:The word 5799:Nambudiri 5550:afterlife 5531:like the 5415:cremation 5397:rituals; 5328:Andronovo 5320:Sintashta 5103:Practices 4922:Yarsanism 4732:Albanians 4712:East Asia 4699:Scythians 4691:Phrygians 4684:Paeonians 4677:Illyrians 4663:Thracians 4580:East Asia 4531:Armenians 4458:Hallstatt 4440:Chernoles 4381:Terramare 4371:Trzciniec 4338:Sintashta 4333:Andronovo 4234:Cernavodă 4207:East Asia 4162:Khvalynsk 3902:Philology 3812:Particles 3698:Phonology 3639:Liburnian 3614:Tocharian 3609:Anatolian 3578:Nuristani 3471:Languages 3370:Criticism 3364:and Islam 3325:Mythology 3178:Kshatriya 3110:Athichudi 3047:Tirumurai 2965:Tirumurai 2574:Vyākaraṇa 2510:Chandogya 2502:Samaveda: 2390:Divisions 2368:Yajurveda 2328:Ātmatuṣṭi 2284:Yogananda 2259:Trailanga 2254:Sivananda 2119:Aurobindo 2105:Vyasaraja 2070:Tyagaraja 2020:Sankardev 1990:Ramananda 1885:Jñāneśvar 1860:Harivansh 1845:Gaudapada 1805:Chaitanya 1744:Vashistha 1714:Patanjali 1694:Jamadagni 1613:Vaishnava 1601:Pashupata 1378:Navaratri 1355:Festivals 1322:Upanayana 1287:Jatakarma 1272:Pumsavana 1191:Kuchipudi 1186:Kathakali 1155:Rāja yoga 1089:Samādhāna 970:Prarthana 944:Practices 871:Svādhyāya 475:Mythology 470:Cosmology 463:Worldview 408:Kartikeya 339:Prajapati 278:Saraswati 43:Aryavarta 20254:Megalith 20244:Idolatry 20239:Folklore 20069:Estonian 20024:Kemetism 19999:Canarian 19950:Armenian 19919:African 19838:Malagasy 19808:Dahomean 19786:Bushongo 19731:Tahitian 19726:Rapa Nui 19716:Hawaiian 19604:Sumerian 19582:Egyptian 19504:Scythian 19465:Thracian 19460:Illyrian 19428:Ligurian 19337:Frankish 19327:Germanic 19322:Etruscan 19298:Ossetian 19293:Georgian 19253:Armenian 19246:Phrygian 19226:Albanian 19212:European 19180:Kiratism 19100:Ryukyuan 19058:Hinduism 19004:Parmalim 18989:Sarnaism 18974:Tengrism 18926:extinct) 18878:Paganism 18821:Humanism 18739:Germanic 18701:Egyptian 18581:Hinduism 18576:Buddhism 18387:Category 18351:Suriname 18341:Paraguay 18326:Colombia 18233:Kiribati 18160:Honduras 18130:Dominica 18105:Barbados 18070:Scotland 18030:Slovenia 18025:Slovakia 18000:Portugal 17870:Bulgaria 17792:Thailand 17742:Pakistan 17722:Mongolia 17717:Maldives 17712:Malaysia 17600:Cambodia 17547:Zimbabwe 17522:Tanzania 17372:Ethiopia 17367:Eswatini 17347:Djibouti 17312:Cameroon 17297:Botswana 17241:Timeline 17236:Scholars 17196:Founders 17061:Violence 17016:Politics 16886:Business 16849:Theology 16593:Prophecy 16583:Paganism 16471:Covenant 16438:Apostasy 16373:Scythian 16314:Rapa Nui 16268:Thracian 16263:Illyrian 16253:Albanian 16224:Sumerian 16167:Harappan 16103:Germanic 16098:Georgian 16091:Selk'nam 16076:Etruscan 16064:Egyptian 16042:Druidism 16005:Armenian 15928:Satanism 15908:Eckankar 15831:Estonian 15816:Romanian 15806:Ossetian 15786:Germanic 15735:Armenian 15724:African 15717:paganism 15646:Sant Mat 15636:Rajneesh 15611:Meivazhi 15606:Japanese 15563:Siberian 15496:Santería 15466:Convince 15332:Bushongo 15236:Kiratism 15163:Hmongism 15040:Wocekiye 15025:Jivaroan 14993:Iroquois 14988:Ho-Chunk 14949:Cherokee 14892:American 14863:Hawaiian 14776:Sarnaism 14746:Tungusic 14734:Tengrism 14724:Mongolic 14653:Sarnaism 14584:Nichiren 14561:Mahayana 14548:Buddhism 14526:Sant Mat 14516:Sauraism 14511:Smartism 14506:Shaktism 14499:Balinese 14484:Kaumaram 14479:Kapalika 14474:Kashmiri 14459:Shaivism 14399:Hinduism 14366:Caodaism 14310:Ryukyuan 14305:Tenrikyo 14300:Shugendō 14278:Japanese 14149:Yazidism 14134:Ishikism 14012:Quranism 13985:Khawarij 13934:Salafism 13929:Atharism 13818:Esoteric 13789:Holiness 13779:Lutheran 13740:Reformed 13720:Baptists 13693:Brethren 13657:Hussites 13645:Assyrian 13561:Haymanot 13515:Orthodox 13464:Religion 13402:Category 13353:Glossary 13321:Buddhism 13287:Hindutva 13247:Calendar 13128:Haridwar 13106:Vaisakhi 13101:Puthandu 12991:Sannyasa 12908:Keshanta 12739:Shashthi 12575:Trimurti 12402:Nitisara 12375:Ramayana 12370:Itihasas 12342:Jyotisha 12284:Ayurveda 12276:Upavedas 12257:Mandukya 12202:Aitareya 12184:Aranyaka 12179:Brahmana 12153:Samaveda 12078:Charvaka 11878:Concepts 11859:Timeline 11851:Glossary 11834:Hinduism 11780:Hinduism 11756:Religion 11675:(2017), 11479:(2008). 11450:Hinduism 11347:(2007), 11326:4 August 11144:62860085 11053:. BRILL. 10989:(1989). 10856:atheism. 10717:(2008). 10411:24764135 10370:(1995). 9935:(2008). 9760:(1947). 9266:Wikidata 9230:71205138 8888:"yaksha" 8324:(2001). 7949:2 August 7536:". This 7450:(2012). 7263:Rig Veda 7251:Margiana 7065:See also 7059:declined 7055:Buddhism 7051:Mahavira 7033:Buddhism 7009:Hinduism 6939:Sanskrit 6920:Shaivism 6874:Buddhism 6866:Hinduism 6583:and its 6521:Vamadeva 6517:Rishabha 6501:Pulastya 6489:Vasistha 6485:Kashyapa 6465:Atharvan 6391:Airavata 6383:Thailand 6375:Wat Arun 6359:Pantheon 6287:Rajasuya 6110:Mahavira 6108:and the 6091:and the 6037:Rig Veda 5997:Samhitas 5977:Vasishka 5957:Ambedkar 5932:Hinduism 5926:and the 5905:Hinduism 5758:Rig Veda 5746:Rig Veda 5724:Rig Veda 5642:Buddhism 5546:Hinduism 5535:and the 5515:purohita 5509:and the 5467:religion 5384:Buddhism 5380:Hinduism 5375:Panchala 5348:migrated 5309:Hinduism 5265:Vedicism 5149:Scholars 5047:Germanic 5018:Scottish 4983:Thracian 4977:Illyrian 4971:Albanian 4959:European 4952:Armenian 4936:Ossetian 4930:Scythian 4915:Yazidism 4865:Buddhism 4856:Hinduism 4747:Norsemen 4657:Anatolia 4574:Iranians 4567:Iranians 4548:Iron Age 4523:Hittites 4476:Colchian 4469:Caucasus 4427:Iron Age 4396:Lusatian 4391:Urnfield 4315:Srubnaya 4310:Poltavka 4300:Catacomb 4239:Cucuteni 4194:Caucasus 4011:Religion 3996:Homeland 3938:Behistun 3918:Linear B 3807:Numerals 3802:Pronouns 3727:Balkanic 3674:Thracian 3667:Phrygian 3660:Paeonian 3646:Messapic 3632:Illyrian 3544:Hellenic 3539:Germanic 3508:Armenian 3500:Albanian 3494:Albanoid 3445:a series 3443:Part of 3383:Glossary 3315:Calendar 3250:Hindutva 3173:Brahmana 2844:samhitas 2836:Shastras 2806:Ayurveda 2797:Upavedas 2632:Ramayana 2623:Itihasas 2589:Jyotisha 2556:Vedangas 2540:Mandukya 2436:Aitareya 2428:Rigveda: 2407:Aranyaka 2402:Brahmana 2375:Samaveda 2090:Valluvar 2085:Vallabha 2065:Tulsidas 1995:Ramanuja 1945:Nayanars 1930:Namadeva 1767:Medieval 1709:Kashyapa 1625:Charvaka 1596:Kapalika 1460:Puthandu 1450:Vaisakhi 1347:Antyesti 1327:Keshanta 1251:Adimurai 1246:Silambam 1211:Sattriya 1196:Manipuri 881:Mitahara 861:Santosha 821:Achourya 633:Sannyasa 623:Gṛhastha 482:Ontology 456:Concepts 244:Trimurti 207:Smartism 202:Shaktism 197:Shaivism 71:Hinduism 63:a series 61:Part of 20224:Tumulus 20152:Druidry 20084:Mordvin 20074:Finnish 20039:Semitic 19987:Uatsdin 19848:Odinani 19828:Lugbara 19696:Nauruan 19633:Persian 19628:Iranian 19616:Arabian 19611:Semitic 19577:Hurrian 19445:Nuragic 19433:Umbrian 19419:Italic 19393:Iberian 19303:Vainakh 19268:Latvian 19236:Hittite 19165:Burmese 19150:Bimoism 19085:Punjabi 19053:Chinese 19036:Tagalog 19021:Kejawèn 18894:Animism 18706:Semitic 18601:Iranian 18591:Sikhism 18586:Jainism 18497:Judaism 18356:Uruguay 18331:Ecuador 18311:Bolivia 18288:Vanuatu 18215:Oceania 18165:Jamaica 18145:Grenada 18100:Bahamas 18060:England 18050:Ukraine 18005:Romania 17965:Moldova 17925:Ireland 17920:Iceland 17915:Hungary 17905:Germany 17895:Finland 17890:Estonia 17885:Denmark 17880:Czechia 17875:Croatia 17860:Belgium 17855:Belarus 17850:Austria 17845:Andorra 17840:Albania 17817:Vietnam 17727:Myanmar 17702:Lebanon 17620:Georgia 17580:Bahrain 17570:Armenia 17532:Tunisia 17502:Somalia 17487:Senegal 17472:Nigeria 17462:Namibia 17452:Morocco 17417:Liberia 17412:Lesotho 17362:Eritrea 17332:Comoros 17307:Burundi 17282:Algeria 17226:Outline 17191:Deities 17118:Atheism 17036:Science 16954:Freedom 16812:History 16779:studies 16732:Dualism 16722:Animism 16687:Worship 16667:Symbols 16608:Liturgy 16521:Goddess 16481:Deities 16462:Laicism 16452:Beliefs 16431:Aspects 16403:Zapotec 16398:Vainakh 16366:Yahwism 16351:Semitic 16280:Iranian 16182:Hurrian 16172:Hittite 16162:Guanche 16155:Orphism 16086:Fuegian 16081:Finnish 16069:Atenism 16015:Latvian 16000:Arabian 15943:Raëlism 15923:Jediism 15918:Goddess 15891:De novo 15779:Druidry 15673:Thelema 15626:New Age 15511:Umbanda 15402:Tumbuka 15387:Odinala 15372:Lugbara 15292:African 15258:African 15206:Bimoism 15196:Burmese 15052:Mapuche 15018:Wyandot 14978:Guarani 14959:Choctaw 14954:Chilote 14900:Abenaki 14851:Tagalog 14824:Kejawèn 14673:Sikhism 14636:Jainism 14596:Tibetan 14579:Amidism 14447:Warkari 14361:Đạo Mẫu 14211:Chinese 14193:Eastern 14170:Roshani 14089:Iranian 13997:Alevism 13990:Ibadism 13963:Zaydism 13640:Ancient 13611:Eastern 13571:Renewal 13556:Karaite 13537:Zionist 13525:Hasidic 13507:Judaism 13489:Western 13391:Outline 13341:Sikhism 13336:Judaism 13331:Jainism 13212:Related 13188:Namaste 13041:Ramlila 12971:Ashrama 12959:Vaishya 12949:Brahmin 12772:Worship 12724:Rukmini 12714:Matrika 12687:Parvati 12682:Lakshmi 12672:Tridevi 12627:Krishna 12612:Hanuman 12607:Ganesha 12558:Deities 12444:Tantras 12434:Stotras 12387:Puranas 12332:Nirukta 12322:Chandas 12317:Shiksha 12309:Vedanga 12262:Prashna 12252:Mundaka 12174:Samhita 12143:Rigveda 12074:Nāstika 12059:Advaita 12046:Vedanta 12041:Mīmāṃsā 12021:Samkhya 12009:Schools 11997:Akrodha 11916:Saṃsāra 11896:Ishvara 11886:Brahman 11742:Portals 11351:(ed.), 10965:Sources 9286:Outlook 9007:Brahman 8822:31 July 7526:Sramana 7322:Ephedra 7314:Rigveda 7269:Kenoyer 7247:Bactria 7237:Mitanni 7037:Ājīvika 7029:Jainism 7025:Śramaṇa 7013:Vedanta 7005:Vedanta 6964:mantras 6958:Mīmāṃsā 6886:Samkhya 6882:Vedanta 6870:Jainism 6858:Rigveda 6838:Prithvi 6779:Persian 6755:Jupiter 6642:Avestan 6603:*Hr̥tás 6585:Avestan 6560:In the 6525:Angiras 6423:Rigveda 6415:Aryaman 6379:Bangkok 6159:Rituals 6149:Śrāddha 6129:Nirvana 6125:Saṃsāra 6085:sraddha 6070:Rigveda 6066:Rigveda 6062:saṃsāra 6013:liturgy 5981:Mathura 5920:Magadha 5892:cults. 5878:Puranas 5870:Brahmin 5750:Mitanni 5733:Ephedra 5677:steppes 5638:Jainism 5618:Tantric 5558:samsāra 5519:tantras 5511:Puranas 5388:Jainism 5081:Latvian 5039:Cornish 4909:Kurdish 4895:Persian 4887:Iranian 4879:Sikhism 4872:Jainism 4835:Hittite 4774:Iranian 4670:Dacians 4463:Jastorf 4386:Tumulus 4366:Únětice 4295:Yamnaya 4290:Chariot 4228:Usatovo 4169:Yamnaya 4006:Society 3990:Origins 3923:Rigveda 3775:Grammar 3602:Extinct 3592:Romance 3571:Iranian 3388:Outline 3183:Vaishya 3151:Society 3002:Stotras 2653:Puranas 2579:Nirukta 2569:Chandas 2564:Shiksha 2547:Prashna 2533:Mundaka 2397:Samhita 2361:Rigveda 2224:Samarth 2060:Tukaram 2005:Ravidas 1739:Valmiki 1689:Jaimini 1659:Angiras 1654:Agastya 1646:Ancient 1532:Advaita 1526:Vedanta 1521:Mīmāṃsā 1501:Samkhya 1388:Ramlila 1130:Sādhanā 1020:Tarpana 1005:Kīrtana 1000:Bhajana 951:Worship 876:Shaucha 851:Akrodha 697:Saṃsāra 561:Ishvara 530:Nirguna 525:Brahman 489:Tattvas 413:Krishna 398:Hanuman 393:Ganesha 329:Chandra 324:Ashvins 288:Parvati 283:Lakshmi 270:Tridevi 236:Deities 143:Śramaṇa 123:History 104:Origins 94:History 52:shakhas 20367:Virtue 20328:animal 20308:Ritual 20264:Menhir 20259:Dolmen 20064:Uralic 20044:Slavic 20034:Romani 19994:Celtic 19977:Abkhaz 19965:Romuva 19955:Baltic 19905:Ethnic 19863:Somali 19833:Maasai 19736:Tongan 19701:Papuan 19640:Berber 19587:Nubian 19514:Uralic 19509:Slavic 19477:Cybele 19455:Dacian 19440:Minoan 19403:Castro 19379:Orphic 19342:Gothic 19310:Celtic 19280:Basque 19258:Baltic 19241:Lydian 19175:Heraka 19105:Korean 19095:Shinto 19080:Kalash 19043:Marapu 18979:Turkic 18964:Manchu 18959:Altaic 18771:Slavic 18734:Celtic 18729:Baltic 18629:Modern 18568:Indian 18558:Shinto 18553:Taoism 18482:Baháʼí 18397:Portal 18336:Guyana 18316:Brazil 18283:Tuvalu 18180:Panama 18170:Mexico 18115:Canada 18110:Belize 18040:Sweden 18020:Serbia 18010:Russia 17995:Poland 17990:Norway 17970:Monaco 17940:Latvia 17935:Kosovo 17910:Greece 17900:France 17832:Europe 17797:Turkey 17782:Taiwan 17687:Kuwait 17660:Jordan 17650:Israel 17610:Cyprus 17595:Brunei 17590:Bhutan 17542:Zambia 17537:Uganda 17477:Rwanda 17432:Malawi 17392:Guinea 17382:Gambia 17287:Angola 17274:Africa 17083:Wealth 17031:Schism 16986:Growth 16910:Priest 16895:Clergy 16714:Theism 16697:Nature 16692:Astral 16635:Groves 16603:Ritual 16588:Prayer 16546:Novice 16496:Ethnic 16421:Topics 16393:Urartu 16388:Tongan 16383:Somali 16378:Slavic 16258:Dacian 16037:Celtic 16032:Basque 16010:Baltic 15861:Udmurt 15826:Uralic 15821:Slavic 15774:Celtic 15762:Abkhaz 15750:Romuva 15740:Baltic 15715:Modern 15558:Papuan 15521:Voodoo 15476:Kumina 15417:Yoruba 15407:Urhobo 15377:Maasai 15362:Lotuko 15310:Baluba 15300:Akamba 15273:Berber 15231:Heraka 15221:Dongba 15109:Pueblo 15104:Pawnee 15094:Navajo 15084:Muisca 15047:Lenape 15035:Lakota 15013:Seneca 15003:Mohawk 14937:Ohlone 14917:Apache 14910:Ojibwe 14890:Native 14756:Manchu 14751:Evenki 14712:Altaic 14703:Ethnic 14678:Khalsa 14631:Kalash 14521:Śrauta 14390:Indian 14320:Korean 14286:Shinto 14256:Taoism 14229:Luoism 14055:Baháʼí 14050:Bábism 14002:Ahmadi 13980:Sufism 13973:Alawis 13623:Church 13551:Reform 13532:Modern 13520:Haredi 13412:Portal 13316:Baháʼí 13220:Hindus 13198:Tilaka 13167:Others 13143:Ujjain 13138:Prayag 13133:Nashik 13073:Pongal 13011:Diwali 12964:Shudra 12923:Vivaha 12830:Dhyāna 12805:Bhajan 12795:Bhakti 12780:Temple 12734:Shakti 12642:Varuna 12585:Vishnu 12580:Brahma 12429:Sutras 12365:Agamas 12121:Smriti 12052:Dvaita 12017:Āstika 11962:Asteya 11957:Ahimsa 11943:Moksha 11928:Dharma 11841:topics 11699:  11579:  11558:  11519:  11489:  11400:  11379:  11359:  11297:  11273:  11249:  11224:  11204:  11174:  11142:  11111:  11082:  11027:  10999:  10837:times. 10828:  10727:  10697:  10658:  10513:  10438:  10409:  10380:  10350:  10243:  10215:  10188:  10161:  10134:  10107:  10080:  10053:  10026:  9999:  9972:  9945:  9901:  9856:  9831:  9798:  9699:  9644:  9617:  9592:  9534:  9507:  9436:  9380:  9353:  9324:  9268:  9228:  9218:  9193:  9183:  9132:  9068:  9031:  8996:  8969:  8942:  8915:  8791:  8763:  8722:  8669:  8492:  7974:  7917:  7890:  7860:  7524:, the 7479:  7460:  7426:Kerala 7177:asrama 7035:, and 6931:Kerala 6916:Vishnu 6902:Śrauta 6840:, and 6814:Varuna 6737:, and 6735:Greece 6731:Persia 6720:rivers 6716:Vritra 6687:dharma 6566:sutras 6523:, and 6509:Pulaha 6493:Bhrigu 6439:Varuna 6411:Varuna 6403:Asuras 6311:charms 6183:Kerala 6179:Śrauta 6106:Buddha 5948:Śrauta 5890:Yaksha 5874:Smriti 5823:Shinto 5813:. The 5807:Kerala 5803:Śrauta 5792:srauta 5785:after 5670:Kurgan 5614:Agamic 5589:, and 5524:Bhakti 5463:Vedism 5435:Varuna 5289:Ganges 5285:Punjab 5269:Vedism 5096:Slavic 5075:Baltic 5025:Breton 5005:Celtic 4989:Dacian 4945:Others 4725:Europe 4598:Europe 4592:Yuezhi 4446:Europe 4433:Steppe 4344:Europe 4201:Maykop 4155:Samara 4111:Kurgan 3928:Avesta 3710:Ablaut 3706:Accent 3653:Mysian 3625:Dacian 3586:Italic 3534:Celtic 3526:Slavic 3519:Baltic 3487:Extant 3188:Shudra 3006:stutis 2842:, and 2840:sutras 2494:Maitri 2219:Ramdas 2112:Modern 2045:Surdas 1910:Madhva 1830:Eknath 1800:Basava 1795:Alvars 1729:Raikva 1719:Pāṇini 1704:Kapila 1699:Kanada 1684:Gotama 1591:Shaiva 1539:Dvaita 1440:Pongal 1363:Diwali 1342:Vivaha 1206:Odissi 1181:Kathak 1120:Yogini 1084:Dhyana 1035:Tirtha 990:Bhakti 980:Temple 975:Śrauta 856:Arjava 816:Ahimsa 811:Niyama 794:Ethics 602:Moksha 587:Dharma 535:Saguna 433:Shakti 418:Kubera 364:Varuna 344:Pushan 257:Vishnu 252:Brahma 89:Hindus 20446:Vedas 20362:Totem 20333:human 20234:Ethos 20147:Wicca 20113:Other 20014:Hindu 19858:Serer 19843:Mbuti 19823:Hausa 19813:Dinka 19791:Kongo 19781:Bantu 19721:Māori 19645:Punic 19472:Roman 19354:Greek 19347:Norse 19315:Irish 19185:Qiang 19090:Vedic 19073:Tamil 19026:Malay 18940:Asian 18880:(and 18766:Roman 18744:Greek 18642:Wicca 18525:Mayan 18520:Aztec 18492:Islam 18321:Chile 18278:Tonga 18268:Samoa 18258:Palau 18248:Nauru 18155:Haiti 18075:Wales 18035:Spain 17960:Malta 17930:Italy 17822:Yemen 17777:Syria 17757:Qatar 17732:Nepal 17707:Macau 17670:Korea 17655:Japan 17630:India 17605:China 17517:Sudan 17467:Niger 17422:Libya 17407:Kenya 17387:Ghana 17377:Gabon 17352:Egypt 17292:Benin 17201:Index 17172:lists 17041:State 16859:Women 16727:Deism 16702:Place 16682:Water 16677:Truth 16645:Trees 16501:Faith 16466:Laity 16361:Punic 16319:Roman 16285:Vedic 16243:Olmec 16130:Greek 16123:Norse 16047:Irish 15868:Wicca 15663:Subud 15553:Inuit 15526:Winti 15516:Vodou 15481:Obeah 15461:Comfa 15444:Bantu 15397:Serer 15382:Mbuti 15342:Dogon 15337:Dinka 15320:Kongo 15315:Bantu 15241:Qiang 15072:Olmec 15062:Aztec 14983:Haida 14932:Miwok 14868:Māori 14799:Dayak 14720:Turko 14683:Sects 14619:Other 14574:Thiền 14158:Other 14060:Druze 14038:Other 13914:Sunni 13906:Islam 13688:Amish 13606:Latin 13326:Islam 13304:India 13193:Bindi 13176:Other 13116:Ugadi 13111:Vishu 12944:Varna 12825:Tapas 12815:Yajna 12785:Murti 12719:Radha 12699:Durga 12694:Bhumi 12637:Surya 12617:Indra 12590:Shiva 12352:Other 12337:Kalpa 12227:Katha 12131:Vedas 12116:Śruti 12101:Texts 12031:Nyaya 11987:Damah 11977:Satya 11933:Artha 11911:Karma 11901:Atman 11855:Index 11697:S2CID 11612:(PDF) 11597:(PDF) 11535:(PDF) 11320:(PDF) 11313:(PDF) 11140:S2CID 11080:S2CID 10430:[ 10407:JSTOR 9064:–22. 8862:(PDF) 8733:imr'o 8329:(PDF) 7746:(PDF) 7550:Epics 7296:Indra 7165:karma 7117:Notes 6992:Vedas 6984:sruti 6976:Vedas 6912:Shiva 6842:Rudra 6822:Aditi 6818:Mitra 6806:Ushas 6798:Surya 6794:Dyaus 6790:Indra 6767:Perun 6765:, or 6743:Indra 6704:Indra 6671:Vedas 6618:r-tós 6576:Vedic 6562:Vedas 6548:satya 6505:Kratu 6497:Kutsa 6449:Sages 6427:Indra 6419:Bhaga 6407:Mitra 6399:devas 6387:Indra 6197:havir 6169:yajna 6077:Karma 6060:, or 5827:Japan 5821:that 5762:Indra 5708:Indra 5622:Vedas 5606:aryas 5440:satya 5431:Rudra 5423:Indra 5419:Dyaus 5403:havir 5067:Norse 5032:Welsh 5011:Irish 5000:Roman 4995:Greek 4850:Vedic 4742:Slavs 4737:Balts 4611:Gauls 4605:Celts 4587:Wusun 4482:India 4258:Baden 3958:Ogham 3933:Homer 3820:Other 3797:Nouns 3792:Verbs 3550:Greek 3205:Dalit 3158:Varna 3075:Kural 2613:Agama 2584:Kalpa 2480:Katha 2352:Vedas 2323:Ācāra 2318:Smṛti 2313:Śruti 2297:Texts 1890:Kabir 1754:Vyasa 1664:Aruni 1511:Nyaya 1465:Vishu 1445:Ugadi 1125:Asana 1110:Sadhu 1079:Tapas 1050:Matha 1040:Yatra 1025:Vrata 1010:Yajna 985:Murti 866:Tapas 841:Damah 836:Satya 806:Yamas 692:Karma 592:Artha 509:Guṇas 423:Radha 388:Durga 359:Ushas 354:Surya 349:Rudra 334:Indra 310:Vedic 301:Devis 297:Devas 262:Shiva 20276:Myth 20219:Blót 19818:Efik 19801:Zulu 19796:Lozi 19776:Akan 19534:Sami 19529:Mari 19120:Ahom 19110:Miao 18954:Ainu 18530:Inca 18346:Peru 18228:Fiji 18125:Cuba 17737:Oman 17697:Laos 17645:Iraq 17640:Iran 17557:Asia 17527:Togo 17437:Mali 17327:Chad 17170:and 17097:and 16672:Text 16652:Soul 16541:Monk 16506:Fire 16187:Inca 15995:Ainu 15879:list 15856:Sámi 15486:Palo 15454:Ketu 15449:Jejé 15367:Lozi 15347:Efik 15325:Zulu 15305:Akan 15158:Ahom 15150:Miao 15148:and 15136:Zuni 15119:Hopi 15067:Maya 14964:Crow 14942:Pomo 14609:list 14566:Chan 14537:list 14494:Nath 14292:list 14028:list 13953:Shia 13895:list 13582:list 13368:List 13230:List 13157:Teej 13086:Bihu 13068:Onam 13016:Holi 12820:Homa 12800:Japa 12790:Puja 12750:more 12744:Sita 12729:Sati 12704:Kali 12653:more 12647:Vayu 12632:Rama 12597:Agni 12567:Gods 12247:Kena 12217:Isha 12026:Yoga 11992:Dayā 11982:Dāna 11952:Niti 11938:Kama 11906:Maya 11792:Asia 11601:EJVS 11577:ISBN 11556:ISBN 11545:(2). 11517:ISBN 11487:ISBN 11398:ISBN 11377:ISBN 11357:ISBN 11328:2018 11295:ISBN 11271:ISBN 11247:ISBN 11222:ISBN 11202:ISBN 11172:ISBN 11109:ISBN 11025:ISBN 10997:ISBN 10826:ISBN 10725:ISBN 10695:ISBN 10656:ISBN 10511:ISBN 10436:ISBN 10378:ISBN 10348:ISBN 10281:2013 10241:ISBN 10213:ISBN 10186:ISBN 10159:ISBN 10132:ISBN 10105:ISBN 10078:ISBN 10051:ISBN 10024:ISBN 9997:ISBN 9970:ISBN 9943:ISBN 9919:link 9899:ISBN 9854:ISBN 9829:ISBN 9796:ISBN 9697:ISSN 9642:ISBN 9615:ISBN 9590:ISSN 9532:ISBN 9505:ISBN 9434:ISBN 9378:ISBN 9351:ISBN 9322:ISBN 9226:OCLC 9216:ISBN 9191:OCLC 9181:ISBN 9130:ISBN 9066:ISBN 9029:ISBN 8994:ISBN 8967:ISBN 8940:ISBN 8913:ISBN 8824:2017 8789:ISBN 8761:ISBN 8737:imra 8720:ISBN 8667:ISBN 8490:ISBN 7972:ISBN 7951:2024 7915:ISBN 7888:ISBN 7858:ISBN 7477:ISBN 7458:ISBN 7358:arya 7354:arya 7350:arya 7335:See 7318:Soma 7300:Soma 7187:The 7173:maya 6999:The 6980:Veda 6933:and 6922:and 6914:and 6890:Yoga 6888:and 6872:and 6830:Soma 6826:Yama 6810:Vayu 6802:Agni 6775:Yima 6771:Yama 6761:and 6759:Thor 6751:Zeus 6739:Rome 6724:Dawn 6708:Soma 6570:सत्य 6551:and 6539:and 6537:Asha 6469:Atri 6435:Soma 6431:Agni 6303:The 6292:The 6254:The 6243:Soma 6241:The 6226:The 6211:Agni 6205:The 6167:and 6139:and 5973:Yupa 5864:and 5809:and 5754:r'ta 5738:BMAC 5728:Soma 5712:Soma 5640:and 5556:and 5521:and 5494:and 5443:and 5433:and 5427:Agni 5395:Soma 5386:and 5371:Kuru 5129:Yule 5120:Sati 4409:BMAC 3787:Root 3219:Jāti 3004:and 2517:Kena 2466:Isha 1674:Atri 1506:Yoga 1455:Bihu 1425:Onam 1368:Holi 1168:Arts 1115:Yogi 1102:Yoga 1065:Sevā 1060:Dāna 1015:Homa 995:Japa 965:Ārtī 960:Puja 886:Dāna 846:Dayā 704:Mind 687:Maya 597:Kama 438:Sita 428:Rama 403:Kali 369:Vayu 319:Agni 221:List 19853:San 19155:Bon 19115:Tai 17076:War 16551:Nun 16516:God 15577:New 15422:Ifá 15392:San 15191:Bon 15146:Tai 15131:Ute 14570:Zen 14234:Nuo 13242:Law 11689:doi 11132:doi 11072:doi 10790:". 9689:doi 9582:doi 9126:122 9095:–3. 8735:or 6995:it. 6777:of 6763:Tyr 6712:ahi 6692:ṛta 6667:Ṛta 6663:Ṛta 6651:aša 6646:Ṛta 6637:ṛta 6631:er- 6592:aša 6580:ṛtá 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10194:. 10167:. 10140:. 10113:. 10086:. 10059:. 10032:. 10005:. 9978:. 9951:. 9921:) 9907:. 9882:. 9862:. 9837:. 9804:. 9703:. 9691:: 9685:9 9650:. 9623:. 9596:. 9584:: 9578:8 9540:. 9513:. 9442:. 9415:9 9386:. 9359:. 9330:. 9232:. 9197:. 9138:. 9093:2 9074:. 8975:. 8948:. 8921:. 8864:. 8844:. 8498:. 8433:. 8388:. 8337:7 8039:. 7980:. 7953:. 7923:. 7896:. 7866:. 7839:. 7812:. 7783:. 7666:. 7617:. 7592:. 7507:. 7485:. 7466:; 7265:. 7249:– 7217:. 6629:2 6627:h 6624:* 6616:2 6614:h 6611:* 6296:( 6116:( 5987:. 5876:( 5848:. 5841:. 5409:( 5373:- 5330:( 5322:( 5295:( 5248:e 5241:t 5234:v 5127:/ 4991:) 4986:· 4980:· 4974:· 4969:( 4749:/ 4655:/ 4520:( 3891:) 3887:( 3881:) 3873:( 3862:) 3854:( 3848:) 3844:( 3429:e 3422:t 3415:v 3198:: 312:: 20:)

Index

Brahmanical

Vedic period
Aryavarta
Greater Magadha
shakhas
a series
Hinduism

Hindus
History
Hindu synthesis
History
Indus Valley Civilisation
Historical Vedic religion
Dravidian folk religion
Śramaṇa
Tribal religions in India
Itihasa-Purana
Epic-Puranic royal genealogies
Epic-Puranic chronology
Traditions
Shaivism
Shaktism
Smartism
Vaishnavism
List
Deities
Trimurti
Brahma

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