2515:
2356:
a higher budget. One of the common methods the
Bolsheviks used was committing bank robberies, one of which, in 1907, resulted in the party getting over 250,000 roubles, which is the equivalent of about $ 125,000. Bolsheviks were in constant need of money because Lenin practised his beliefs, expressed in his writings, that revolutions must be led by individuals who devote their entire lives to the cause. As compensation, he rewarded them with salaries for their sacrifice and dedication. This measure was taken to help ensure that the revolutionaries stayed focused on their duties and motivated them to perform their jobs. Lenin also used the party money to print and copy pamphlets which were distributed in cities and at political rallies in an attempt to expand their operations. Both factions received funds through donations from wealthy supporters.
56:
998:
2360:
1842:. Martov, until then a close friend of Lenin, agreed with him that the core of the party should consist of professional revolutionaries, but he argued that party membership should be open to sympathizers, revolutionary workers, and other fellow travellers. The two had disagreed on the issue as early as March–May 1903, but it was not until the Congress that their differences became irreconcilable and split the party. At first, the disagreement appeared to be minor and inspired by personal conflicts. For example, Lenin's insistence on dropping less active editorial board members from
2327:
1827:, wanted to limit membership to those who supported the party full-time and worked in complete obedience to the elected party leadership. Martov wanted to extend membership to anyone "who recognises the Party Programme and supports it by material means and by regular personal assistance under the direction of one of the party's organisations." Lenin believed his plan would develop a core group of professional revolutionaries who would devote their full time and energy towards developing the party into an organization capable of leading a successful
1659:
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919:
1718:
943:
2092:
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2352:– or RSDLP(b). Unofficially, the party has been referred to as the Bolshevik Party. Throughout the 20th century, the party adopted a number of different names. In 1918, RSDLP(b) became All-Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and remained so until 1925. From 1925 to 1952, the name was All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and from 1952 to 1991, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
2355:
As the party split became permanent, further divisions became evident. One of the most notable differences was how each faction decided to fund its revolution. The
Mensheviks decided to fund their revolution through membership dues while Lenin often resorted to more drastic measures since he required
286:
The origin of the split was Lenin's support for a smaller party of professional revolutionaries, as opposed to the
Menshevik desire for a broad party membership. The influence of the factions fluctuated in the years up to 1912, when the RSDLP formally split into two parties. The Bolsheviks' political
2716:
After the split, the
Bolshevik party was designated as RSDLP(b) (Russian: РСДРП(б)), where "b" stands for "Bolsheviks". Shortly after coming to power in November 1917, the party changed its name to the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) (РКП(б)) and was generally known as the Communist Party after
2416:
One final difference between the
Bolsheviks and Mensheviks was how ferocious and tenacious the Bolshevik party was in order to achieve its goals, although Lenin was open minded to retreating from political ideals if he saw the guarantee of long-term gains benefiting the party. This practice was seen
2296:
With both
Bolsheviks and Mensheviks weakened by splits within their ranks and by Tsarist repression, the two factions were tempted to try to reunite the party. In January 1910, Leninists, recallists, and various Menshevik factions held a meeting of the party's Central Committee in Paris. Kamenev and
1754:
can only be achieved by a strong, professional leadership with deep dedication to
Marxist theoretical principles and an organization that spanned through the whole of Russia, abandoning what Lenin called "artisanal work" towards a more organized revolutionary work. After the proposed revolution had
2391:
in order to resolve her internal conflict. Unfortunately for the
Bolsheviks, Lenin's assumptions were incorrect. Despite his and the party's attempts to push for a civil war through involvement in two conferences in 1915 and 1916 in Switzerland, the Bolsheviks were in the minority in calling for a
2046:
Between 1903 and 1904, the two factions were in a state of flux, with many members changing sides. Plekhanov, the founder of
Russian Marxism, who at first allied himself with Lenin and the Bolsheviks, had parted ways with them by 1904. Trotsky at first supported the Mensheviks, but left them in
2304:
One of the underlying reasons that prevented any reunification of the party was the
Russian police. The police were able to infiltrate both parties' inner circles by sending in spies who then reported on the opposing party's intentions and hostilities. This allowed the tensions to remain high
2054:
All but one member of the RSDLP Central Committee were arrested in Moscow in early 1905. The remaining member, with the power of appointing a new committee, was won over by the Bolsheviks. The lines between the Bolsheviks and the Mensheviks hardened in April 1905 when the Bolsheviks held a
1956:, 'minority'. However, Martov's supporters won the vote concerning the question of party membership, and neither Lenin nor Martov had a firm majority throughout the Congress as delegates left or switched sides. In the end, the Congress was evenly split between the two factions.
2387:. This desire for war was fuelled by Lenin's vision that the workers and peasants would resist joining the war effort and therefore be more compelled to join the socialist movement. Through the increase in support, Russia would then be forced to withdraw from the
2399:
Although the Bolshevik leadership had decided to form a separate party, convincing pro-Bolshevik workers within Russia to follow suit proved difficult. When the first meeting of the Fourth Duma was convened in late 1912, only one out of six Bolshevik deputies,
2263:
With most Bolshevik leaders either supporting Bogdanov or undecided by mid-1908 when the differences became irreconcilable, Lenin concentrated on undermining Bogdanov's reputation as a philosopher. In 1909, he published a scathing book of criticism entitled
2038:; compared to 34% and 20% for the Mensheviks. Total Bolshevik membership was 8,400 in 1905, 13,000 in 1906, and 46,100 by 1907; compared to 8,400, 18,000 and 38,200 for the Mensheviks. By 1910, both factions together had fewer than 100,000 members.
1898:
Some of the factionalism could be attributed to Lenin's steadfast belief in his own opinion and what was described by Plekhanov as Lenin's inability to "bear opinions which were contrary to his own" and loyalty to his own self-envisioned
2256:). A smaller group within the Bolshevik faction demanded that the RSDLP Central Committee should give its sometimes unruly Duma faction an ultimatum, demanding complete subordination to all party decisions. This group became known as "
2314:, a party-financed central organ. Kamenev, Trotsky's brother-in-law who was with the Bolsheviks, was added to the editorial board; but the unification attempts failed in August 1910 when Kamenev resigned from the board amid mutual
3962:
1767:
did not maintain influence over the fight of the workers, then that fight would steer away from the party's objective and carry on under the influence of opposing beliefs or even away from revolution entirely.
2449:
1795:", who were for economic reform while leaving the government relatively unchanged and who, in Lenin's view, failed to recognize the importance of uniting the working population behind the party's cause.
2412:
agent), voted on 15 December 1912 to break from the Menshevik faction within the Duma. The Bolshevik leadership eventually prevailed, and the Bolsheviks formed their own Duma faction in September 1913.
4009:
2308:
Lenin was firmly opposed to any reunification but was outvoted within the Bolshevik leadership. The meeting reached a tentative agreement, and one of its provisions was to make Trotsky's Vienna-based
1202:
5623:
1838:
The base of active and experienced members would be the recruiting ground for this professional core. Sympathizers would be left outside and the party would be organised based on the concept of
5618:
2274:. In June 1909, Bogdanov proposed the formation of Party Schools as Proletarian Universities at a Bolshevik mini-conference in Paris organised by the editorial board of the Bolshevik magazine
2018:
The average party member was very young: in 1907, 22% of Bolsheviks were under 20 years of age; 37% were 20–24 years of age; and 16% were 25–29 years of age. By 1905, 62% of the members were
2047:
September 1904 over their insistence on an alliance with Russian liberals and their opposition to a reconciliation with Lenin and the Bolsheviks. He remained a self-described "non-factional
1859:, Lenin firmly believed that a rigid political structure was needed to effectively initiate a formal revolution. This idea was met with opposition from once close allies, including Martov,
2220:
With the defeat of the revolution in mid-1907 and the adoption of a new, highly restrictive election law, the Bolsheviks began debating whether to boycott the new parliament known as the
319:, large numbers of radicalized workers joined the Bolsheviks, which planned the October Revolution which overthrew the government. The party initially governed in coalition with the
2348:
and formally expelled Mensheviks and recallists from the party. As a result, they ceased to be a faction in the RSDLP and instead declared themselves an independent party, called
5429:
5296:
2435:
In 1918, the party renamed itself the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) at Lenin's suggestion. In 1925, this was changed to All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). At the
766:
2417:
in the party's trying to recruit peasants and uneducated workers by promising them how glorious life would be after the revolution and granting them temporary concessions.
5424:
5419:
5414:
1481:
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1078:
1903:. Lenin was seen even by fellow party members as being so narrow-minded and unable to accept criticism that he believed that anyone who did not follow him was his enemy.
1353:
2051:" until August 1917, when he joined Lenin and the Bolsheviks, as their positions resembled his and he came to believe that Lenin was correct on the issue of the party.
2182:
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2149:
2056:
1804:
725:
260:
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considered that Lenin's influence on the Bolshevik party was decisive but the October insurrection was carried out according to Trotsky's, not to Lenin's plan.
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thought worker motivation would remain higher if individuals were able to maintain their own property. Those who opposed Lenin and wanted to continue on the
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2280:. However, this proposal was not adopted and Lenin tried to expel Bogdanov from the Bolshevik faction. Bogdanov was then involved with setting up
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1972:
1150:
744:
698:
2185:
held in London in May 1907, the Bolsheviks were in the majority, but the two factions continued functioning mostly independently of each other.
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3682:
3619:
3543:
2503:
5908:
2144:
As the Russian Revolution of 1905 progressed, Bolsheviks, Mensheviks, and smaller non-Russian social democratic parties operating within the
1848:
or Martov's support for the Organizing Committee of the Congress which Lenin opposed. The differences grew and the split became irreparable.
6126:
5778:
5738:
5410:
3905:
3877:
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1995:
1938:(Martov supporters). In the 2nd Congress vote, Lenin's faction won votes on the majority of important issues, and soon came to be known as
1321:
806:
771:
648:
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6141:
5354:
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1311:
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1895:
and disagreed with his strict party membership guidelines became known as "softs" while Lenin supporters became known as "hards".
6056:
3994:
3937:
2367:
took place in November 1917 in which the Bolsheviks came second with 23.9% of the vote and dissolved the Assembly in January 1918
1631:
1621:
1291:
1140:
618:
5698:
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55:
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1979:
1286:
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268:
109:
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5703:
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5559:
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4401:
3286:
Marot, John Eric (July 1990). "Alexander Bogdanov, Vpered, and the Role of the Intellectual in the Workers' Movement".
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1750:, strict censorship outlawed its publication and distribution. One of the main points of Lenin's writing was that a
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5713:
5579:
3972:
3726:
2717:
that point. However, it was not until 1952 that the party formally dropped the word "Bolshevik" from its name. See
2491:
1601:
1537:
1360:
1234:
833:
5788:
5758:
5743:
5614:
4838:
4641:
4616:
4039:
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3604:
1787:". Most party members considered unequal treatment of workers immoral and were loyal to the idea of a completely
1471:
1180:
3647:
5803:
5654:
5644:
5569:
5520:
5515:
5311:
5301:
4666:
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2113:
1626:
1576:
1281:
1271:
966:
320:
304:
5783:
5674:
5574:
4527:
4497:
4460:
4257:
4066:
3813:
3787:
2898:
2035:
1968:
1542:
1511:
1022:
471:
5980:
5858:
5798:
5480:
5405:
4716:
4651:
4579:
4564:
4396:
3977:
3872:
3857:
3026:. p. 59: "the term 'Maximalist' rather widely used as a translation for 'Bolshevik' is historically false."
2755:
1888:
1764:
1557:
989:
476:
2455:
2344:
The factions permanently broke relations in January 1912 after the Bolsheviks organised a Bolsheviks-only
1967:
for "Menshevik", which proved to be confusing as there was also a "Maximalist" faction within the Russian
5888:
5669:
5525:
5335:
5032:
4983:
4626:
3862:
3719:
2109:
1784:
1755:
successfully overthrown the Russian autocracy, this strong leadership would relinquish power and allow a
1526:
1486:
1461:
1301:
6006:
5933:
5928:
5878:
5818:
5679:
5385:
4871:
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4416:
4083:
4014:
2497:
1547:
997:
35:
30:
This article is about the Bolshevik faction in the RSDLP 1903–1912. For the ideological movement, see
5838:
5535:
5470:
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4411:
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2519:
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1772:
1506:
959:
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393:
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3828:
3818:
2461:
1260:
1255:
1250:
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340:
2210:
2171:
However, all factions retained their respective factional structure and the Bolsheviks formed the
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5843:
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5828:
5490:
5286:
4766:
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3823:
2658:
2442:
2345:
2102:
2067:
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1343:
1175:
828:
688:
486:
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451:
17:
5112:
5022:
4436:
3892:
2271:
1908:
1828:
85:
5057:
3390:
St. Petersburg Between the Revolutions: workers and revolutionaries, June 1907 – February 1917
3351:
2439:
in 1952 the Party was renamed the Communist Party of the Soviet Union at Stalin's suggestion.
5903:
5500:
5435:
5167:
4706:
4696:
4431:
4108:
3915:
3852:
3393:
2393:
2388:
2359:
1839:
1760:
876:
446:
441:
292:
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1907:, one of Lenin's fellow revolutionaries, compared Lenin in 1904 to the French revolutionary
5588:
5495:
5460:
5227:
4909:
4599:
4483:
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2297:
Zinoviev were dubious about the idea; but under pressure from conciliatory Bolsheviks like
1734:
1394:
628:
398:
276:
267:
of 1917, and was later renamed the Russian Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party, and
5187:
263:
in 1903. The Bolshevik party, formally established in 1912, seized power in Russia in the
8:
6121:
6011:
5545:
5530:
5505:
5237:
4956:
4935:
4783:
4701:
4569:
4539:
4328:
4078:
4004:
3897:
3767:
3678:
3192:
2421:
2233:
1663:
1491:
1170:
811:
754:
296:
248:
5197:
5047:
4609:
5540:
5485:
5360:
5247:
5122:
4924:
4876:
4346:
4270:
3782:
3742:
3703:
3303:
2760:
2285:
2217:, Lenin had come to agree with the Valentinov's rejection of Bogdanov's Empiriomonism.
2198:
2194:
2019:
1991:
1987:
1552:
881:
866:
856:
851:
759:
749:
574:
569:
491:
264:
89:
5097:
2030:; compared with 19% and 26% for the Mensheviks. In 1907, 78.3% of the Bolsheviks were
343:", rapid industrialization, collectivized agriculture, and centralized state control.
5475:
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5192:
5147:
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5042:
4993:
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3583:
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3435:
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3266:
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3172:
3146:
2999:
2877:
2819:
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2237:
2003:
1832:
1791:. This pamphlet also showed that Lenin opposed another group of reformers, known as "
1788:
1501:
781:
732:
461:
355:
324:
245:
77:
5257:
5017:
4881:
3086:"[Book] History of the Bolshevik Party: Bolshevism – The Road to Revolution"
2529:
was a derogatory expression for Bolsheviks used by British service personnel in the
6101:
6089:
6046:
6035:
5450:
5445:
5267:
5252:
5107:
5102:
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later became a slang term for anyone who was rebellious, aggressive, or truculent.
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2206:
2172:
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1884:
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436:
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308:
219:
69:
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5132:
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4661:
4376:
4227:
3777:
3643:
3436:"North Russian Expeditionary Force 1919, Scrapbook Diary, Photographs, Mementoes"
3221:
3023:
2619:
2542:
2518:"Down with Bolshevism. Bolshevism brings war and destruction, hunger and death",
2326:
2157:
1876:
1851:
Internal unrest also arose over the political structure that was best suited for
1725:
947:
861:
589:
496:
316:
65:
5182:
2379:
was especially eager for the start of the war, hoping that it would turn into a
2059:. The Mensheviks organised a rival conference and the split was thus finalized.
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6021:
5976:
5222:
5207:
5202:
5162:
5127:
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5027:
4589:
4356:
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4265:
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4217:
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4131:
4100:
3947:
2869:
2425:
2401:
2380:
2334:
2145:
1999:
1816:
1776:
1747:
886:
579:
529:
466:
241:
137:
93:
73:
61:
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6115:
5510:
5217:
5137:
5007:
4951:
4827:
4746:
4574:
4366:
4336:
4308:
4298:
4222:
4179:
4169:
4164:
4154:
3792:
3512:
3164:
2991:
2614:
2450:
Maoist Bolshevik Reorganisation Movement of the Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party
2376:
2315:
2071:
1872:
1864:
1820:
1743:
1641:
1516:
1412:
791:
599:
594:
564:
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336:
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used it in reference to the worldwide political movement coordinated by the
6041:
5918:
5684:
5629:
5400:
5242:
5157:
5062:
4988:
4621:
4512:
4361:
4303:
4247:
4212:
4010:
Group of forces in battle with the counterrevolution in the South of Russia
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2330:
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2007:
1904:
1868:
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97:
1879:
land or leaving it for private use. Lenin wanted to nationalize to aid in
1717:
323:, but increasingly centralized power and suppressed opposition during the
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5769:
5664:
5465:
5455:
5375:
5172:
5152:
5117:
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4371:
4351:
4202:
4126:
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2839:
Pipes, Richard (1990). "Chapter 9: Lenin and the Origins of Bolshevism".
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1586:
1426:
584:
544:
506:
288:
81:
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3684:
Twenty Years in Underground Russia: Memoirs of a Rank-and-File Bolshevik
2371:
Further differences in party agendas became evident as the beginning of
2305:
between the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks and helped prevent their uniting.
1738:, written in 1901, helped to precipitate the Bolsheviks' split from the
942:
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5440:
5272:
5232:
5012:
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4853:
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3847:
2629:
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2245:
2221:
2202:
2116: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1948:
1823:
disagreed over the party membership rules. Lenin, who was supported by
1751:
1739:
1636:
903:
893:
796:
456:
413:
388:
280:
256:
31:
3307:
2022:(3% of the population in 1897). Twenty-two percent of Bolsheviks were
6031:
6016:
5177:
4930:
4897:
4892:
4777:
4726:
3772:
3661:
3608:
2550:
2276:
2161:
1892:
1792:
1756:
1407:
418:
403:
312:
2443:
Non-Russian/Soviet political groups having used the name "Bolshevik"
2091:
1959:
From 1907 onward, English-language articles sometimes used the term
1875:. Plekhanov and Lenin's major dispute arose addressing the topic of
5986:
5952:
5395:
5297:
The History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)
5262:
4793:
4788:
4452:
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3299:
2604:
2557:
2534:
2177:
2070:
of Workers' Deputies led by Trotsky. However, the less significant
2031:
1808:
1709:
1433:
1402:
786:
363:
272:
2232:, and others argued for participating in the Duma while Bogdanov,
5823:
5764:
5142:
4962:
2899:"History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)"
2409:
2209:, a viewpoint that Bogdanov had been exploring and developing as
2181:
governing body of the Bolshevik faction within the RSDLP. At the
1780:
1114:
871:
373:
3143:
Alexander Bogdanov, left-Bolshevism and the Proletkult 1904–1932
4832:
4806:
2573:
2310:
2281:
2188:
2023:
1900:
1812:
174:
60:
1920 Bolshevik Party meeting: sitting (from left to right) are
6084:
3294:(3 (Special Issue on Alexander Bogdanov)). Blackwell: 241–64.
2240:, and others argued that the social democratic faction in the
930:
5599:
4799:
4044:
2577:
2041:
1844:
1591:
2509:
2006:
of 1917–1922, the RSFSR became the chief constituent of the
1783:
ideal of social classes ceasing to be and for the eventual "
5649:
5634:
5609:
4554:
2270:(1909), assaulting Bogdanov's position and accusing him of
2241:
1946:, 'majority'. Likewise, Martov's group came to be known as
339:'s leadership, the party became linked to his policies of "
3620:"Chronology of the Bolshevik Party World History Database"
2874:
Martov: A Political Biography of a Russian Social Democrat
1771:
The pamphlet also showed that Lenin's view of a socialist
2933:
2055:
Bolsheviks-only meeting in London, which they called the
2580:" in the United States during the same period. The term
3371:
3369:
3333:
3331:
3329:
2962:
2960:
2678:), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority".
1914:
5992:
Crimes against humanity under Marxist–Leninist regimes
2785:
2783:
2291:
2795:
2663:
2062:
The Bolsheviks played a relatively minor role in the
2026:(1.7% of the total population) and 38% were uprooted
235:
229:
27:
Faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
3741:
3506:
Bibliography of the Russian Revolution and Civil War
3366:
3326:
3314:
2957:
2756:"Bolsheviki Seize State Buildings, Defying Kerensky"
2780:
2719:
Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2468:
Bolshevik-Leninist Party of India, Ceylon and Burma
2350:
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks)
2013:
1971:in 1904–1906 (which, after 1906, formed a separate
669:
The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky
287:philosophy was based on the Leninist principles of
3575:
3516:
2972:
2945:
2921:
2321:
3356:St. Petersburg's Jews: Three Centuries of History
2197:from as early as 1904. Lenin had fallen out with
2168:, the Bolsheviks found themselves in a minority.
299:of 1917, Lenin returned to Russia and issued his
6113:
2260:" and was generally allied with the recallists.
2244:should be recalled. The latter became known as "
2213:. Having worked as co-editor with Plekhanov, on
2164:. When the Mensheviks made an alliance with the
1759:party to fully develop within the principles of
327:, and after 1921 became the sole legal party in
3127:Autocracy, capitalism, and revolution in Russia
2854:Figes, Orlando (2014). "Chapter 1: The Start".
2572:. The usage is roughly equivalent to the term "
1973:Union of Socialists-Revolutionaries Maximalists
699:Leninism: Introduction to the Study of Leninism
311:". In the summer of 1917, especially after the
5909:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
4503:Aggravation of class struggle under socialism
4468:
3727:
2702:
2692:
2673:
1690:
967:
223:
3349:
3263:A Documentary History of Communism in Russia
2625:Soviet Revolutionary Communists (Bolsheviks)
2189:Split between Lenin and Bogdanov (1908–1910)
1996:Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
679:"Left-Wing" Communism: An Infantile Disorder
649:Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism
6137:Political parties of the Russian Revolution
3519:A concise History of the Russian Revolution
2078:became the model for those formed in 1917.
5307:Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR
4475:
4461:
3734:
3720:
3542:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2876:, Cambridge University Press, p. 78,
2856:Revolutionary Russia, 1891–1991: A History
2504:Bolshevik Party (North Kurdistan – Turkey)
2042:Beginning of the 1905 Revolution (1903–05)
1697:
1683:
974:
960:
5869:Communist Party of the Russian Federation
3556:(rev. ed.), Harmondsworth: Penguin,
3407:
2721:article for the timeline of name changes.
2474:Revolutionary Socialist Party (Bolshevik)
2132:Learn how and when to remove this message
1746:, the book was published in 1902, but in
6002:Criticism of Marxist–Leninist party rule
4712:General Secretary of the Communist Party
3696:
3134:
2513:
2358:
2325:
1798:
1716:
5894:Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party
3995:Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine
3938:Provisional Committee of the State Duma
3677:
3260:
3140:
2868:
2813:
2568:were sometimes derisively described as
2201:after Valentinov had introduced him to
2193:Tensions had existed between Lenin and
2081:
2074:was dominated by the Bolsheviks. These
619:The Development of Capitalism in Russia
346:
303:, which called for "no support for the
14:
6114:
5972:All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
5292:Dialectical and Historical Materialism
4904:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
4050:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
3570:
3387:
3197:, Moscow: Zveno Publishers, May 1909,
2990:
2939:
2927:
2301:, they were willing to give it a try.
1928:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
721:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
253:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
197:Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
6132:Political parties established in 1903
5371:Industrialization in the Soviet Union
4456:
3715:
3662:The Practice and Theory of Bolshevism
3603:
3511:
3411:The Prophet: The Life of Leon Trotsky
3375:
3337:
3320:
3285:
3219:
3163:
3145:. Norwich: University of East Angla.
3083:
2966:
2853:
2838:
2801:
2789:
1998:(RSFSR). With the Reds defeating the
1986:, came to power in Russia during the
1978:The Bolsheviks ultimately became the
1779:. For example, Lenin agreed with the
5914:Sandinista National Liberation Front
5366:Collectivization in the Soviet Union
4482:
3878:Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)
3697:Schulman, Jason (28 December 2017),
3551:
3222:"Part Three: The Period of Reaction"
3201:from the original on 18 January 2006
3124:
2978:
2951:
2114:adding citations to reliable sources
2085:
110:Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
6127:Defunct communist parties in Russia
5923:Militarized Communist Party of Peru
5874:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
4672:Socialist state of the whole people
3841:Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic
3642:
3408:Deutscher, Isaac (5 January 2015).
2743:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
2292:Final attempt at party unity (1910)
1980:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
269:Communist Party of the Soviet Union
24:
6142:Political party factions in Russia
6062:State ideology of the Soviet Union
5864:Communist Party of the Philippines
5854:Communist Party of India (Marxist)
3963:Council of the People's Commissars
3649:The Bolsheviks and Workers Control
3610:Bolshevism, the Road to Revolution
3242:from the original on 29 April 2006
3226:Bolshevism: The Road to Revolution
3194:Materialism & Empiriocriticism
3035:
2896:
2768:from the original on 21 April 2017
2654:большевики́, большеви́к (singular)
25:
6153:
4920:Scientific Outlook on Development
4535:Commanding heights of the economy
3597:
3483:from the original on 8 March 2014
3362:from the original on 10 May 2018.
3112:Bolshevism The Road to Revolution
3109:
3067:
3054:Lenin and the Revolutionary Party
3051:
2909:from the original on 15 July 2018
2531:North Russian Expeditionary Force
2267:Materialism and Empirio-criticism
1930:(RSDLP) were originally known as
639:Materialism and Empirio-criticism
271:. The party's ideology, based on
6095:
6083:
5899:Lao People's Revolutionary Party
5317:Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism
4692:Civilian control of the military
4647:People's democratic dictatorship
3973:Military Revolutionary Committee
3582:, New York: WW Norton & Co,
3171:. London: Penguin. p. 410.
2998:. London: Fontana. p. 402.
2697:), "minority", which comes from
2520:anti-Bolshevik German propaganda
2492:Bolsheviks Party of South Africa
2090:
2014:Demographics of the two factions
1657:
996:
941:
929:
917:
372:
54:
4642:Dictatorship of the proletariat
4617:Theory of the productive forces
3868:Lithuanian Wars of Independence
3699:"Bolshevism, Real and Imagined"
3465:
3453:
3428:
3401:
3381:
3343:
3279:
3261:Daniels, Robert V, ed. (1993),
3254:
3213:
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3118:
3103:
3077:
3061:
3045:
3029:
3022:, translated by C. A. Carroll.
3012:
2984:
2890:
2862:
2858:. New York: Metropolitan Books.
2710:
2510:Derogatory usage of "Bolshevik"
2322:Forming a separate party (1912)
2101:needs additional citations for
5594:People's Republic of Kampuchea
5312:A Critique of Soviet Economics
4667:State of socialist orientation
4402:German Revolution of 1918–1919
3943:Russian Provisional Government
2847:
2832:
2807:
2748:
2735:
2681:
2643:
2600:Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
2537:during the Russian Civil War.
2288:from August to December 1909.
321:Left Socialist-Revolutionaries
13:
1:
4528:Soviet-type economic planning
4498:Administrative-command system
4067:Socialist Revolutionary Party
3814:Ukrainian War of Independence
3414:. Verso Books. p. 1283.
2728:
2533:which intervened against the
1975:) and then again after 1917.
1969:Socialist Revolutionary Party
1710:Vladimir Lenin's ideology in
1612:Political abuse of psychiatry
1191:Congress of People's Deputies
834:Joseph Stalin's rise to power
255:(RSDLP) which split with the
5859:Communist Party of Kampuchea
5481:Hungarian Revolution of 1956
5406:Chinese Communist Revolution
4717:Highest organ of state power
4580:Proletarian internationalism
3978:Russian Constituent Assembly
3873:Red Army invasion of Georgia
3858:Estonian War of Independence
2818:. London: Pan. p. 154.
2365:Russian Constituent Assembly
2148:attempted to reunify at the
1889:socialist mode of production
1765:professional revolutionaries
990:Politics of the Soviet Union
477:Proletarian internationalism
121:; 121 years ago
7:
5889:Indochinese Communist Party
5526:Maoist insurgency in Turkey
5521:New People's Army rebellion
5302:Britain's Road to Socialism
4627:Wars of national liberation
4422:Workers' Councils in Poland
4020:Ukrainian People's Republic
3863:Latvian War of Independence
3169:Three Who Made a Revolution
2664:
2587:
2066:and were a minority in the
1785:withering away of the state
1732:Lenin's political pamphlet
1151:Central Executive Committee
236:
230:
149:; 72 years ago
10:
6158:
6007:Marxist schools of thought
5934:Portuguese Communist Party
5879:Communist Party of Vietnam
4872:Kaysone Phomvihane Thought
4442:Belarusian-Soviet conflict
4084:General Jewish Labour Bund
3953:Pro-independence movements
3687:, Marxists, archived from
3503:
3499:
3352:"The Constituent Assembly"
3084:Woods, Alan (6 May 1999).
3018:Antonelli, Étienne. 1920.
2843:. New York: Vintage Books.
2498:Bolshevik Samasamaja Party
2420:Bolshevik figures such as
2408:, was later exposed as an
822:Death and funeral of Lenin
36:Bolshevik (disambiguation)
29:
6079:
5965:
5941:
5884:Communist Party of Malaya
5839:Communist Party of Brazil
5812:
5553:
5536:Internal conflict in Peru
5329:
5280:
5001:
4812:Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism
4760:
4722:Leading role of the party
4679:
4657:National-democratic state
4652:People's democratic state
4635:
4490:
4412:Hungarian Soviet Republic
4389:
4327:
4289:
4256:
4188:
4145:
4117:
4099:
4092:
4030:
3930:
3801:
3788:Kerensky–Krasnov uprising
3760:
3753:
3388:McKean, Robert B (1990),
2703:
2693:
2674:
2653:
2480:Bolshevik Communist Party
2456:Burkinabé Bolshevik Party
2150:4th Congress of the RSDLP
2010:(USSR) in December 1922.
1805:2nd Congress of the RSDLP
1507:Material balance planning
1208:1989 Legislative election
224:
202:
190:
182:
169:
161:
143:
133:
115:
105:
53:
48:
5849:Communist Party of India
5819:Albanian Party of Labour
4942:Bill of Rights socialism
4595:Socialism in one country
4565:Marxist–Leninist atheism
4407:Bavarian Soviet Republic
4397:Revolutions of 1917–1923
3554:Lenin : a biography
2816:Lenin : a biography
2814:Service, Robert (2010).
2636:
2462:Bolshevik Party of India
1926:The two factions of the
1322:Administrator of Affairs
767:History of Soviet Russia
659:The State and Revolution
341:socialism in one country
307:" and "all power to the
279:principles, is known as
6057:State ideology of China
5929:Workers' Party of Korea
5844:Communist Party of Cuba
5834:Chinese Communist Party
5491:Portuguese Colonial War
5287:Foundations of Leninism
4839:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
4550:Dialectical materialism
3824:Kiev Bolshevik Uprising
3460:Collins Mini Dictionary
2665:bol'shevikí, bol'shevík
2560:in the United Kingdom,
2346:Prague Party Conference
2068:Saint Petersburg Soviet
1934:(Lenin supporters) and
1664:Soviet Union portal
1176:Soviet of Nationalities
807:Anti-religious campaign
689:Foundations of Leninism
487:Revolutionary situation
482:Revolutionary defeatism
452:Dialectical materialism
5779:Bosnia and Herzegovina
5113:Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej
5023:Khorloogiin Choibalsan
4437:Slovak Soviet Republic
4417:Hungarian–Romanian War
4119:Provisional Government
3141:Biggart, John (1989).
3070:The Russian Revolution
3038:The Revolution of 1905
2996:To the Finland Station
2841:The Russian Revolution
2523:
2368:
2341:
2272:philosophical idealism
2152:held in April 1906 at
2002:and others during the
1909:Maximilien Robespierre
1891:path towards complete
1829:proletarian revolution
1729:
1607:Ideological repression
1497:Science and technology
305:Provisional Government
240:, 'majority'), led by
34:. For other uses, see
6022:Post-Marxism–Leninism
5904:Nepal Communist Party
5501:Nicaraguan Revolution
5471:Albanian–Soviet split
5168:Mengistu Haile Mariam
4707:Democratic centralism
4697:Collective leadership
4109:Nicholas II of Russia
3394:Yale University Press
3350:ORT-Ginzburg (2003).
3090:In Defence of Marxism
2517:
2394:Imperial Russian Army
2363:The elections to the
2362:
2329:
1982:. The Bolsheviks, or
1840:democratic centralism
1799:Second Party Congress
1763:. Lenin said that if
1761:democratic centralism
1720:
1040:Collective leadership
802:National delimitation
777:Collective leadership
447:Democratic centralism
442:Collective leadership
293:democratic centralism
261:Second Party Congress
6102:Communism portal
6090:Socialism portal
5589:Democratic Kampuchea
5496:Black Power movement
5461:Non-Aligned Movement
4600:Socialist patriotism
4427:Polish–Ukrainian War
3829:Polish–Ukrainian War
3819:Ukrainian–Soviet War
3679:Bobrovskaya, Cecilia
3552:Shub, David (1976),
3265:, UPNE, p. 33,
3220:Woods, Alan (1999),
2110:improve this article
2082:Mensheviks (1906–07)
1963:for "Bolshevik" and
1815:during August 1903,
1807:, which was held in
1617:Political repression
1582:Censorship of images
1312:First Deputy Premier
1050:Presidential Council
936:Socialism portal
924:Communism portal
347:History of the split
234:; from большинство,
6012:National Bolshevism
5546:Revolutions of 1989
5531:Sino-Albanian split
5516:Naxalite insurgency
5506:Cultural Revolution
5386:Great Patriotic War
5238:Nur Muhammad Taraki
4784:Ho Chi Minh Thought
4702:Cult of personality
4540:Developed socialism
4079:Union of October 17
3898:Kronstadt rebellion
3893:Workers' Opposition
3768:February Revolution
3691:on 25 February 2003
3578:The Lenin Anthology
3477:The free dictionary
2764:. 7 November 1917.
2437:19th Party Congress
2422:Anatoly Lunacharsky
2381:war between classes
2234:Anatoly Lunacharsky
1942:, from the Russian
1857:What Is To Be Done?
1735:What Is to Be Done?
1712:What Is to Be Done?
1632:Suppressed research
1622:Population transfer
1492:New Economic Policy
1171:Soviet of the Union
1141:Congress of Soviets
948:Politics portal
812:New Economic Policy
755:February Revolution
629:What Is to Be Done?
472:National liberation
297:February Revolution
192:Parent organization
45:
5541:Nepalese Civil War
5486:Great Leap Forward
5248:Pushpa Kamal Dahal
5123:Kaysone Phomvihane
4925:Xi Jinping Thought
4560:Labour aristocracy
4347:Stepan Petrichenko
4271:Alexander Kerensky
3783:October Revolution
3743:Russian Revolution
3630:on 27 January 2012
2942:, p. xxxviii.
2761:The New York Times
2564:leaders and other
2524:
2369:
2342:
2286:Capri Party School
2199:Nikolai Valentinov
2195:Alexander Bogdanov
2057:3rd Party Congress
2020:industrial workers
1994:, and founded the
1992:Russian Revolution
1990:phase of the 1917
1988:October Revolution
1855:. As discussed in
1730:
1366:Procurator General
1354:Military Collegium
857:Anti-Leninist left
852:26 Baku Commissars
760:October Revolution
750:Russian Revolution
745:RSDLP (Bolsheviks)
570:Grigori Sokolnikov
492:Self-determination
383:Schools of thought
265:October Revolution
43:
6109:
6108:
5476:Sino-Soviet split
5436:Tito–Stalin split
5381:Spanish Civil War
5322:Guerrilla Warfare
5281:Theoretical works
5213:Władysław Gomułka
5188:Nicolae Ceaușescu
5148:Nikos Zachariadis
5068:Nikita Khrushchev
5043:Palmiro Togliatti
4742:Transmission belt
4687:Central committee
4545:Dialectical logic
4450:
4449:
4432:Polish–Soviet War
4385:
4384:
4319:Alexander Antonov
4314:Maria Spiridonova
4243:Felix Dzerzhinsky
4160:Alexander Kolchak
4137:Alexander Guchkov
3926:
3925:
3853:Polish–Soviet War
3836:Finnish Civil War
3809:Russian Civil War
3667:Project Gutenberg
3589:978-0-393-09236-3
3530:978-0-679-42277-8
3421:978-1-78168-721-5
3165:Wolfe, Bertram D.
3036:Ascher, Abraham,
2804:, pp. 21–30.
2662:
2466:India/Sri Lanka:
2392:ceasefire by the
2385:Russian Civil War
2383:or essentially a
2238:Mikhail Pokrovsky
2142:
2141:
2134:
2004:Russian Civil War
1833:Tsarist autocracy
1789:classless society
1775:was in line with
1707:
1706:
1649:
1648:
1502:Era of Stagnation
1444:
1443:
1329:
1328:
1217:
1216:
1123:
1122:
1094:General Secretary
1079:Central Committee
984:
983:
733:Prague Conference
612:Theoretical works
462:Labor aristocracy
325:Russian Civil War
212:
211:
16:(Redirected from
6149:
6100:
6099:
6098:
6088:
6087:
6047:State capitalism
5451:De-Stalinization
5446:Cuban Revolution
5268:Gennady Zyuganov
5253:Rohana Wijeweera
5108:Klement Gottwald
5103:Valko Chervenkov
5088:Lazar Kaganovich
5048:Dolores Ibárruri
4915:Three Represents
4860:Intercommunalism
4680:Political system
4523:Central planning
4518:Anti-revisionism
4508:Anti-imperialism
4484:Marxism–Leninism
4477:
4470:
4463:
4454:
4453:
4342:Maria Nikiforova
4238:Nikolai Bukharin
4208:Grigory Zinoviev
4175:Nikolai Yudenich
4097:
4096:
3958:Petrograd Soviet
3888:Tambov Rebellion
3883:Left SR uprising
3758:
3757:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3713:
3712:
3707:
3692:
3674:, November 1920.
3672:Bertrand Russell
3669:
3653:
3644:Brinton, Maurice
3638:
3637:
3635:
3626:, archived from
3624:Dates of History
3614:
3592:
3581:
3566:
3563:978-0-14020809-2
3547:
3541:
3533:
3522:
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3463:
3457:
3451:
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3397:
3396:, pp. 140–1
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3073:
3072:, pp. 364–5
3068:Pipes, Richard,
3065:
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3057:
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3027:
3020:Bolshevik Russia
3016:
3010:
3009:
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2964:
2955:
2949:
2943:
2937:
2931:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2903:www.marxists.org
2897:Stalin, Joseph.
2894:
2888:
2886:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2836:
2830:
2829:
2825:978-0-33051838-3
2811:
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2705:
2696:
2695:
2685:
2679:
2677:
2676:
2667:
2657:
2655:
2647:
2610:Marxism–Leninism
2486:Bolshevik Nuclei
2430:Dmitry Manuilsky
2406:Roman Malinovsky
2396:in World War I.
2284:, which ran the
2226:Grigory Zinoviev
2207:Empiriocriticism
2173:Bolshevik Centre
2137:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2117:
2094:
2086:
1881:collectivization
1825:Georgy Plekhanov
1699:
1692:
1685:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1597:Collectivization
1457:
1456:
1421:De-Stalinization
1395:Marxism–Leninism
1390:Soviet democracy
1384:
1383:
1287:State Committees
1230:
1229:
1136:
1135:
1068:
1067:
1000:
986:
985:
976:
969:
962:
946:
945:
934:
933:
922:
921:
920:
899:Orthodox Marxism
704:
694:
684:
674:
664:
654:
644:
634:
624:
555:Grigory Zinoviev
540:Nikolai Bukharin
512:World revolution
502:Soviet democracy
437:Anti-imperialism
399:Marxism–Leninism
376:
366:
351:
350:
277:Marxist–Leninist
239:
233:
227:
226:
157:
155:
150:
129:
127:
122:
58:
46:
42:
21:
6157:
6156:
6152:
6151:
6150:
6148:
6147:
6146:
6112:
6111:
6110:
6105:
6096:
6094:
6082:
6075:
6072:Totalitarianism
6052:State socialism
5961:
5937:
5808:
5549:
5391:Greek Civil War
5325:
5276:
5228:Mathieu Kérékou
5133:Leonid Brezhnev
5098:Bolesław Bierut
5093:Georgi Dimitrov
5078:Josip Broz Tito
5073:Walter Ulbricht
4997:
4844:Gonzalo Thought
4756:
4675:
4662:Socialist state
4631:
4486:
4481:
4451:
4446:
4381:
4377:Peter Kropotkin
4323:
4285:
4252:
4228:Semyon Budyonny
4184:
4141:
4113:
4088:
4026:
4015:Tsentralna Rada
3922:
3797:
3778:Kornilov affair
3749:
3740:
3659:
3633:
3631:
3618:
3600:
3590:
3564:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3508:
3502:
3497:
3496:
3486:
3484:
3471:
3470:
3466:
3458:
3454:
3444:
3442:
3434:
3433:
3429:
3422:
3406:
3402:
3386:
3382:
3374:
3367:
3348:
3344:
3336:
3327:
3319:
3315:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3259:
3255:
3245:
3243:
3236:
3218:
3214:
3204:
3202:
3191:
3190:
3186:
3179:
3162:
3158:
3139:
3135:
3125:McDaniel, Tim,
3123:
3119:
3108:
3104:
3094:
3092:
3082:
3078:
3066:
3062:
3050:
3046:
3034:
3030:
3017:
3013:
3006:
2989:
2985:
2977:
2973:
2965:
2958:
2950:
2946:
2938:
2934:
2926:
2922:
2912:
2910:
2895:
2891:
2884:
2870:Getzler, Israel
2867:
2863:
2852:
2848:
2837:
2833:
2826:
2812:
2808:
2800:
2796:
2788:
2781:
2771:
2769:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2740:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2725:
2715:
2711:
2686:
2682:
2668:; derived from
2648:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2620:Rabochaya Molva
2590:
2543:Joseph Goebbels
2512:
2445:
2324:
2294:
2191:
2158:Norra Bantorget
2138:
2127:
2121:
2118:
2107:
2095:
2084:
2064:1905 Revolution
2049:social democrat
2044:
2016:
1924:
1801:
1726:Boris Kustodiev
1715:
1703:
1674:
1670:Other countries
1658:
1656:
1651:
1650:
1562:
1454:
1446:
1445:
1417:
1381:
1371:
1370:
1339:
1331:
1330:
1265:
1227:
1219:
1218:
1133:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1065:
1063:Communist Party
1055:
1054:
1013:
980:
940:
928:
918:
916:
909:
908:
862:De-Leninization
847:
839:
838:
716:
708:
707:
702:
692:
682:
672:
662:
652:
642:
632:
622:
613:
605:
604:
590:Antonio Gramsci
525:
517:
516:
497:Socialist state
432:
424:
423:
409:Right communism
384:
364:
349:
317:Kornilov affair
251:of the Marxist
205:
204:Formerly called
193:
153:
151:
148:
125:
123:
120:
101:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6155:
6145:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6107:
6106:
6104:
6092:
6080:
6077:
6076:
6074:
6069:
6067:Third-Worldism
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5989:
5984:
5977:Anti-communism
5974:
5969:
5967:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5943:
5942:Related topics
5939:
5938:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5886:
5881:
5876:
5871:
5866:
5861:
5856:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5826:
5821:
5816:
5814:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5801:
5796:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5721:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5696:
5691:
5682:
5677:
5672:
5667:
5662:
5657:
5652:
5647:
5642:
5637:
5632:
5627:
5621:
5615:Czechoslovakia
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5591:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5557:
5555:
5551:
5550:
5548:
5543:
5538:
5533:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5383:
5378:
5373:
5368:
5363:
5358:
5352:
5347:
5342:
5333:
5331:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5319:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5282:
5278:
5277:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5258:Abimael Guzmán
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5235:
5230:
5225:
5223:Thomas Sankara
5220:
5215:
5210:
5208:Erich Honecker
5205:
5203:Maurice Bishop
5200:
5195:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5163:Agostinho Neto
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5128:Khalid Bakdash
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5058:Võ Nguyên Giáp
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5038:Maurice Thorez
5035:
5030:
5028:Ehmetjan Qasim
5025:
5020:
5018:Ernst Thälmann
5015:
5010:
5005:
5003:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4973:
4965:
4960:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4922:
4917:
4912:
4906:
4901:
4895:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4863:
4856:
4851:
4849:Prachanda Path
4846:
4841:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4814:
4809:
4803:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4775:
4769:
4764:
4762:
4758:
4757:
4755:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4683:
4681:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4637:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4607:
4597:
4592:
4590:Social fascism
4587:
4585:Self-criticism
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4542:
4537:
4532:
4531:
4530:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4494:
4492:
4488:
4487:
4480:
4479:
4472:
4465:
4457:
4448:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4393:
4391:
4387:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4357:Semen Karetnyk
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4333:
4331:
4325:
4324:
4322:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4295:
4293:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4281:Boris Sokoloff
4278:
4276:Boris Savinkov
4273:
4268:
4266:Viktor Chernov
4262:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4233:Yakov Sverdlov
4230:
4225:
4220:
4218:Mikhail Frunze
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4198:Vladimir Lenin
4194:
4192:
4186:
4185:
4183:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4151:
4149:
4147:White movement
4143:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4134:
4132:Pavel Milyukov
4129:
4123:
4121:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4105:
4103:
4094:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4075:
4074:
4064:
4063:
4062:
4057:
4047:
4042:
4036:
4034:
4028:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4023:
4022:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3986:
3985:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3948:White movement
3945:
3940:
3934:
3932:
3928:
3927:
3924:
3923:
3921:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3913:
3911:Central Powers
3908:
3902:Interventions
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3833:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3811:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3764:
3762:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3739:
3738:
3731:
3724:
3716:
3710:
3709:
3694:
3675:
3656:
3655:
3640:
3616:
3607:(6 May 1999),
3599:
3598:External links
3596:
3595:
3594:
3588:
3572:Tucker, Robert
3568:
3562:
3549:
3529:
3513:Pipes, Richard
3501:
3498:
3495:
3494:
3464:
3452:
3427:
3420:
3400:
3380:
3378:, p. 111.
3365:
3342:
3340:, p. 108.
3325:
3323:, p. 109.
3313:
3300:10.2307/130152
3288:Russian Review
3278:
3271:
3253:
3234:
3212:
3184:
3177:
3156:
3133:
3117:
3102:
3076:
3060:
3044:
3028:
3011:
3004:
2992:Wilson, Edmund
2983:
2971:
2969:, p. 104.
2956:
2944:
2932:
2920:
2889:
2882:
2861:
2846:
2831:
2824:
2806:
2794:
2792:, p. 106.
2779:
2747:
2741:(renamed the "
2733:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2709:
2680:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2576:", "Red", or "
2511:
2508:
2507:
2506:
2500:
2494:
2490:South Africa:
2488:
2482:
2476:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2454:Burkina Faso:
2452:
2444:
2441:
2426:Moisei Uritsky
2404:(another one,
2402:Matvei Muranov
2335:Vladimir Lenin
2323:
2320:
2316:recriminations
2293:
2290:
2190:
2187:
2146:Russian Empire
2140:
2139:
2098:
2096:
2089:
2083:
2080:
2043:
2040:
2015:
2012:
1923:
1913:
1800:
1797:
1777:Marxist theory
1773:intelligentsia
1714:
1708:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1679:
1676:
1675:
1673:
1672:
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1653:
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1614:
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1604:
1599:
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1584:
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1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1487:Kosygin reform
1484:
1482:Five-Year Plan
1479:
1477:Consumer goods
1474:
1466:
1465:
1455:
1452:
1451:
1448:
1447:
1442:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1437:
1423:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1399:
1397:
1392:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1372:
1369:
1368:
1363:
1361:People's Court
1358:
1357:
1356:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1317:Deputy Premier
1314:
1306:
1305:
1297:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1276:
1275:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1246:Official names
1242:
1239:
1238:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1195:
1194:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1161:Supreme Soviet
1156:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1145:
1144:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1066:
1061:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1033:Vice President
1030:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1002:
1001:
993:
992:
982:
981:
979:
978:
971:
964:
956:
953:
952:
951:
950:
938:
926:
911:
910:
907:
906:
901:
896:
891:
890:
889:
887:Left communism
884:
879:
869:
864:
859:
854:
848:
846:Related topics
845:
844:
841:
840:
837:
836:
831:
826:
825:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
764:
763:
762:
757:
747:
742:
741:
740:
730:
729:
728:
717:
714:
713:
710:
709:
706:
705:
695:
685:
675:
665:
655:
645:
635:
625:
614:
611:
610:
607:
606:
603:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
580:Amadeo Bordiga
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
530:Vladimir Lenin
526:
523:
522:
519:
518:
515:
514:
509:
504:
499:
494:
489:
484:
479:
474:
469:
467:Liquidationism
464:
459:
454:
449:
444:
439:
433:
430:
429:
426:
425:
422:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
385:
382:
381:
378:
377:
369:
368:
360:
359:
348:
345:
242:Vladimir Lenin
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
199:
194:
191:
188:
187:
186:Vladimir Lenin
184:
180:
179:
171:
167:
166:
163:
159:
158:
145:
141:
140:
138:Vladimir Lenin
135:
131:
130:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
86:Preobrazhensky
59:
51:
50:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6154:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6119:
6117:
6103:
6093:
6091:
6086:
6081:
6078:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6037:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5997:
5996:Mass killings
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5982:
5981:Mass killings
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5964:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5940:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5927:
5924:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5900:
5897:
5895:
5892:
5890:
5887:
5885:
5882:
5880:
5877:
5875:
5872:
5870:
5867:
5865:
5862:
5860:
5857:
5855:
5852:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5830:
5827:
5825:
5822:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5813:Organizations
5811:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5722:
5720:
5717:
5715:
5712:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5678:
5676:
5673:
5671:
5668:
5666:
5663:
5661:
5658:
5656:
5653:
5651:
5648:
5646:
5643:
5641:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5595:
5592:
5590:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5571:
5568:
5566:
5563:
5561:
5558:
5556:
5552:
5547:
5544:
5542:
5539:
5537:
5534:
5532:
5529:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5511:Prague Spring
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5431:
5428:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5372:
5369:
5367:
5364:
5362:
5359:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
5346:
5343:
5341:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5328:
5323:
5320:
5318:
5315:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5279:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5218:Samora Machel
5216:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5138:Deng Xiaoping
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5083:Mátyás Rákosi
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5008:Joseph Stalin
5006:
5004:
5000:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4979:
4978:
4974:
4972:
4971:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4923:
4921:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4866:New Communism
4864:
4861:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4828:Khrushchevism
4826:
4824:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4774:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4747:Unified power
4745:
4743:
4740:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4634:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4575:Popular front
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4546:
4543:
4541:
4538:
4536:
4533:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4495:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4478:
4473:
4471:
4466:
4464:
4459:
4458:
4455:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4390:International
4388:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4367:Viktor Bilash
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4337:Nestor Makhno
4335:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4326:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4309:Mark Natanson
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4299:Yakov Blumkin
4297:
4296:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4231:
4229:
4226:
4224:
4223:Joseph Stalin
4221:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4191:
4187:
4181:
4180:Lavr Kornilov
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4170:Pyotr Krasnov
4168:
4166:
4165:Anton Denikin
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4155:Pyotr Wrangel
4153:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4144:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4120:
4116:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4091:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4068:
4065:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4052:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4035:
4033:
4029:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3984:
3981:
3980:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3842:
3839:
3838:
3837:
3834:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3816:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3793:Junker mutiny
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3763:
3759:
3756:
3752:
3748:
3744:
3737:
3732:
3730:
3725:
3723:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3706:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3668:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3657:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3641:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3612:
3611:
3606:
3602:
3601:
3591:
3585:
3580:
3579:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3559:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3539:
3532:
3526:
3521:
3520:
3514:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3468:
3461:
3456:
3441:
3440:Naval History
3437:
3431:
3423:
3417:
3413:
3412:
3404:
3395:
3392:, New Haven:
3391:
3384:
3377:
3372:
3370:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3322:
3317:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3282:
3274:
3272:0-87451-616-1
3268:
3264:
3257:
3241:
3237:
3235:1-900007-05-3
3231:
3227:
3223:
3216:
3200:
3196:
3195:
3188:
3180:
3178:0-14-020783-X
3174:
3170:
3166:
3160:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3137:
3129:, p. 246
3128:
3121:
3113:
3110:Woods, Alan.
3106:
3091:
3087:
3080:
3071:
3064:
3055:
3052:Cliff, Tony,
3048:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3007:
3005:0-00-632420-7
3001:
2997:
2993:
2987:
2981:, p. 81.
2980:
2975:
2968:
2963:
2961:
2954:, p. 76.
2953:
2948:
2941:
2936:
2929:
2924:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2893:
2885:
2883:0-521-52602-7
2879:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2857:
2850:
2842:
2835:
2827:
2821:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2798:
2791:
2786:
2784:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2751:
2744:
2738:
2734:
2720:
2713:
2700:
2690:
2687:Derived from
2684:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2651:
2646:
2642:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2615:Old Bolshevik
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2521:
2516:
2505:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2483:
2481:
2477:
2475:
2471:
2469:
2465:
2463:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2397:
2395:
2390:
2389:Allied powers
2386:
2382:
2378:
2377:Joseph Stalin
2375:loomed near.
2374:
2366:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2319:
2317:
2313:
2312:
2306:
2302:
2300:
2289:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2278:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2231:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2216:
2212:
2211:Empiriomonism
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2136:
2133:
2125:
2122:February 2012
2115:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2099:This section
2097:
2093:
2088:
2087:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2072:Moscow Soviet
2069:
2065:
2060:
2058:
2052:
2050:
2039:
2037:
2034:and 10% were
2033:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2011:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1922:
1918:
1915:Etymology of
1912:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1877:nationalizing
1874:
1873:Pavel Axelrod
1870:
1866:
1865:Vera Zasulich
1862:
1858:
1854:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1821:Julius Martov
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1713:
1700:
1695:
1693:
1688:
1686:
1681:
1680:
1678:
1677:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1655:
1654:
1643:
1642:Soviet Empire
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1574:
1573:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1517:War communism
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1459:
1458:
1450:
1449:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1414:
1413:Khrushchevism
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1349:Supreme Court
1347:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1268:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1223:
1222:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1152:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1129:
1128:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1058:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1045:State Council
1043:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1003:
999:
995:
994:
991:
988:
987:
977:
972:
970:
965:
963:
958:
957:
955:
954:
949:
944:
939:
937:
932:
927:
925:
915:
914:
913:
912:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
849:
843:
842:
835:
832:
830:
827:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
792:War communism
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
769:
768:
765:
761:
758:
756:
753:
752:
751:
748:
746:
743:
739:
736:
735:
734:
731:
727:
724:
723:
722:
719:
718:
712:
711:
701:
700:
696:
691:
690:
686:
681:
680:
676:
671:
670:
666:
661:
660:
656:
651:
650:
646:
641:
640:
636:
631:
630:
626:
621:
620:
616:
615:
609:
608:
601:
600:Antonio Negri
598:
596:
595:Kwame Nkrumah
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
575:György Lukács
573:
571:
568:
566:
565:Andrei Bubnov
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
550:Joseph Stalin
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
527:
521:
520:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
483:
480:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
460:
458:
455:
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450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
434:
428:
427:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
386:
380:
379:
375:
371:
370:
367:
362:
361:
357:
353:
352:
344:
342:
338:
337:Joseph Stalin
334:
330:
329:Soviet Russia
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
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282:
278:
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217:
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6042:Second World
5919:Shining Path
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5685:Soviet Union
5630:East Germany
5430:2002–present
5401:Eastern Bloc
5336:Soviet Union
5243:Alfonso Cano
5193:Gustáv Husák
5183:Sanzō Nosaka
5158:Fidel Castro
5063:Earl Browder
4989:Zachariadism
4975:
4968:
4952:Lovestoneism
4817:Kimjongunism
4798:
4636:Class system
4622:Third Period
4513:Anti-fascism
4362:Fedir Shchus
4304:Boris Kamkov
4248:Alexei Rykov
4213:Leon Trotsky
4189:
4054:
4000:Green armies
3990:Black Guards
3702:
3689:the original
3683:
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3648:
3632:, retrieved
3628:the original
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3609:
3577:
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3142:
3136:
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3089:
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2759:
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2689:men'shinstvó
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2669:
2645:
2581:
2569:
2555:
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2545:, and other
2539:Adolf Hitler
2526:
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2448:Bangladesh:
2434:
2419:
2415:
2398:
2370:
2354:
2343:
2331:Leon Trotsky
2309:
2307:
2303:
2299:Victor Nogin
2295:
2275:
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2253:
2219:
2214:
2192:
2183:5th Congress
2176:
2170:
2143:
2128:
2119:
2108:Please help
2103:verification
2100:
2061:
2053:
2045:
2017:
2008:Soviet Union
1983:
1977:
1964:
1960:
1958:
1953:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1897:
1869:Leon Trotsky
1856:
1853:Soviet power
1850:
1843:
1837:
1831:against the
1802:
1770:
1733:
1731:
1721:
1711:
1602:Human rights
1592:Gulag system
1567:
1538:Demographics
1525:
1460:
1432:
1425:
1300:
1270:
1235:Constitution
1233:
1189:
1159:
1139:
1092:
882:Luxemburgism
817:Soviet Union
737:
726:2nd Congress
697:
687:
677:
667:
657:
647:
637:
627:
617:
560:Alexei Rykov
535:Leon Trotsky
333:Soviet Union
301:April Theses
295:. After the
285:
215:
213:
173:
162:Headquarters
40:
6027:Red fascism
5665:North Korea
5560:Afghanistan
5466:Vietnam War
5456:Warsaw Pact
5376:Great Purge
5361:Great Break
5198:János Kádár
5173:Kim Il Sung
5153:Che Guevara
5118:Enver Hoxha
5053:Ho Chi Minh
4994:Brezhnevism
4977:Rankovićism
4752:Vanguardism
4732:Secretariat
4570:Partiinost'
4372:Fanya Baron
4352:Lev Chernyi
4203:Lev Kamenev
4127:Georgy Lvov
4101:Monarchists
3605:Woods, Alan
3228:, Wellred,
3040:, p. 4
3024:A. A. Knopf
2940:Tucker 1975
2928:Tucker 1975
2772:22 December
2562:trade union
2556:During the
2496:Sri Lanka:
2373:World War I
2339:Lev Kamenev
2258:ultimatists
2230:Lev Kamenev
2166:Jewish Bund
2154:Folkets hus
1954:menshinstvo
1944:bolshinstvo
1587:Great Purge
1553:Phraseology
1472:Agriculture
1427:Perestroika
1302:Premiership
1132:Legislature
1110:Secretariat
877:Libertarian
585:Ho Chi Minh
545:Lev Kamenev
507:Vanguardism
289:vanguardism
237:bolshinstvo
178:(newspaper)
90:Serebryakov
6122:Bolsheviks
6116:Categories
5958:Trotskyism
5948:Bolshevism
5794:Montenegro
5775:Yugoslavia
5759:Uzbekistan
5744:Tajikistan
5719:Kyrgyzstan
5714:Kazakhstan
5694:Azerbaijan
5660:Mozambique
5554:By country
5441:Korean War
5273:Xi Jinping
5233:Siad Barre
5013:Mao Zedong
4947:Browderism
4882:Pol Potism
4854:Pantherism
4329:Anarchists
4190:Bolsheviks
4060:Mensheviks
4055:Bolsheviks
4005:Red Guards
3848:Heimosodat
3761:Revolution
3504:See also:
3376:Pipes 1995
3338:Pipes 1995
3321:Pipes 1995
3151:B001ON1IY4
3095:10 October
2967:Pipes 1995
2802:Pipes 1995
2790:Pipes 1995
2729:References
2707:), "less".
2630:Trotskyism
2595:Bolshevism
2246:recallists
2222:Third Duma
2203:Ernst Mach
1965:Minimalist
1961:Maximalist
1949:Mensheviks
1940:Bolsheviks
1883:, whereas
1793:Economists
1752:revolution
1740:Mensheviks
1637:Red Terror
1627:Propaganda
1577:Censorship
1568:Repression
1282:Ministries
1272:Government
1226:Governance
1012:Leadership
904:Proletkult
894:Mensheviks
867:Jacobinism
797:Red Terror
738:Bolsheviks
457:Dual power
414:Trotskyism
389:Bolshevism
281:Bolshevism
275:and later
257:Mensheviks
231:bolsheviki
225:большевики
216:Bolsheviks
49:Большевики
44:Bolsheviks
32:Bolshevism
6032:Red Scare
6017:New class
5829:Comintern
5789:Macedonia
5729:Lithuania
5425:1989–2002
5420:1976–1989
5415:1949–1976
5355:1982–1991
5350:1964–1982
5345:1953–1964
5340:1927–1953
5178:Chin Peng
5033:José Díaz
4984:Dubčekism
4931:Stalinism
4898:Nkrumaism
4893:Sankarism
4778:Guevarism
4773:Castroism
4727:Politburo
4258:Right SRs
3983:elections
3802:Civil War
3773:July Days
3747:Civil War
3634:9 January
3613:, Marxist
3473:"bolshie"
2979:Shub 1976
2952:Shub 1976
2872:(2003) ,
2659:romanized
2551:Comintern
2484:Senegal:
2277:Proletary
2254:otzovists
2224:. Lenin,
2162:Stockholm
1921:Menshevik
1917:Bolshevik
1893:socialism
1885:Plekhanov
1861:Plekhanov
1811:and then
1757:Socialist
1722:Bolshevik
1543:Education
1512:Transport
1408:Stalinism
1338:Judiciary
1181:Presidium
1105:Politburo
1023:President
829:Comintern
782:Civil War
419:Workerism
404:Nkrumaism
394:Bordigism
313:July Days
244:, were a
144:Dissolved
116:Formation
106:Successor
78:Lashevich
62:Yenukidze
5987:Cold War
5966:See also
5953:Leninism
5804:Slovenia
5699:Byelarus
5655:Mongolia
5635:Ethiopia
5624:Slovakia
5585:Cambodia
5580:Bulgaria
5396:Cold War
5263:Gus Hall
4970:Đilasism
4957:Marcyism
4936:American
4877:National
4823:Kadarism
4794:Husakism
4789:Hoxhaism
4761:Variants
4610:Yugoslav
4491:Concepts
4291:Left SRs
4072:Left SRs
3968:Red Army
3916:Siberian
3652:, Libcom
3574:(1975),
3538:citation
3515:(1995),
3481:Archived
3360:Archived
3246:25 March
3240:archived
3205:25 March
3199:archived
3167:(1966).
2994:(1977).
2907:Archived
2766:Archived
2605:Leninism
2588:See also
2570:Bolshies
2566:leftists
2558:Cold War
2535:Red Army
2502:Turkey:
2478:Mexico:
2178:de facto
2028:peasants
1809:Brussels
1558:Religion
1434:Glasnost
1403:Leninism
1379:Ideology
1292:Cabinets
1074:Congress
787:Red Army
431:Concepts
365:Leninism
356:a series
354:Part of
335:. Under
331:and the
273:Leninist
246:far-left
170:Products
100:in front
70:Bukharin
5824:Comecon
5784:Croatia
5765:Vietnam
5754:Ukraine
5734:Moldova
5709:Georgia
5704:Estonia
5689:Armenia
5680:Somalia
5675:Romania
5645:Hungary
5640:Grenada
5619:Czechia
5565:Albania
5330:History
5143:Pol Pot
4963:Titoism
4910:Dengism
4887:African
4093:Figures
4032:Parties
3704:Jacobin
3500:Sources
3487:8 March
3462:, 1998.
3445:14 June
2704:ме́ньше
2699:mén'she
2661::
2650:Russian
2582:Bolshie
2472:India:
2460:India:
2410:Okhrana
2250:Russian
2076:Soviets
2032:Russian
1952:, from
1905:Trotsky
1803:At the
1781:Marxist
1744:Germany
1527:Culture
1462:Economy
1453:Society
1203:Speaker
1115:Orgburo
1084:History
1018:Leaders
872:Marxism
715:History
309:soviets
259:at the
249:faction
220:Russian
208:"hards"
152: (
134:Founder
124: (
82:Kamenev
66:Kalinin
18:Bolshie
6036:Second
5799:Serbia
5739:Russia
5724:Latvia
5670:Poland
5570:Angola
5002:People
4833:Maoism
4807:Songun
4605:Soviet
4040:Kadets
3931:Groups
3906:Allied
3754:Events
3586:
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2000:Whites
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1728:, 1920
1548:Family
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183:Leader
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4737:State
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3304:JSTOR
2913:3 May
2637:Notes
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2160:, in
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1817:Lenin
1742:. In
772:RSFSR
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3745:and
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3584:ISBN
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3489:2014
3447:2012
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3230:ISBN
3207:2006
3173:ISBN
3147:ASIN
3097:2022
3000:ISBN
2915:2018
2878:ISBN
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2774:2013
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2428:and
2242:Duma
1984:Reds
1936:soft
1932:hard
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