1806:
37:
777:
1760:
1793:
192:
1542:
1518:
1569:
1579:
1780:
1589:
1508:
1559:
1498:
44:
747:
According to the official UN investigation report, in the morning of May 2 the AUC paramilitaries had established positions around the church, using the rare concrete buildings and the cement wall around the church yard for protection. The FARC took up positions to the north (in Barrio Pueblo Nuevo),
791:
The attack caused significant physical damage to
Bellavista. In its aftermath, some 4,000 citizens fled Bojayá, including all residents of Bellavista. Five days after the attack the Colombian government announced that a new town would be constructed. Support from the residents of Bellavista for this
768:
The UN found the AUC to be in violation of various aspects of international humanitarian law, including using civilians as human shields, failing to protect civilians from the effects of their military operations, and for causing massive forced displacement of civilian populations in the region due
727:
At least 250 paramilitary combatants moved in to
Bellavista, the administrative centre of the municipality of Bojayá, on 21 April 2002. They remained there despite protests by local residents. The UNHCHR sent an official communication to the Colombian government on April 23 expressing their concern
846:
identified the camp of FARC's 57th Front, 15 kilometers north of Bojayá near the border with Panama. The Super Tucano dropped two high-precision bombs, destroying the camp and killing six FARC rebels (including Pedro
Alfonso Alvarado a.k.a. “Mapanao"), who are believed to have been responsible for
831:, Chocó sentenced the Colombian State to a billion and a half Colombian peso compensation to relatives of two of the dead victims on May 29, 2008. It ruled the State was administratively responsible and had neglected to protect its citizens, despite the warnings of the ombudsman.
759:
causing unnecessary civilian casualties, failure to distinguish between civilian and combatant, failure to take efforts to protect civilians from avoidable harm, and attacks against cultural property. Prohibitions against these acts are found in Common
Article 3 of the
764:
and
Articles 4, 13, and 16 of Additional Protocol II. The UN also considered the FARC responsible for the forced displacement of civilians generated as a consequence of the attack on the church, placing the act in violation of Article 17 of Protocol II.
772:
The UNHCHR additionally found that the
Colombian government failed to act, in order to prevent the massive human suffering which ensued from the events in Bojaya; suffering that was predicted and of which the government was explicitly warned of
769:
to their acts, threats and combat operations in the area. Given reports of theft by the AUC of goods, equipment and vehicles belonging to local residents, the UN also found the AUC guilty of pillage (a violation of
Article 17 of Protocol II).
718:, and the proximity of ports and hydroelectric stations. The region furthermore represents advantages for these groups as a route for the import of arms and supplies from Central America and to provide favourable routes for drug trafficking."
689:
went through the roof of the church instead, landing on the altar inside and detonating. 119 civilians died in the attack; approximately 300 inhabitants of the town had taken refuge in the church, and 79 died in the explosion.
739:, and spread to Bellavista later in the day. Around 300 residents took shelter in the local church, 100 in the adjoining parsonage, and another 100 in the Augustinian Missionary residence, over the course of the night.
811:
The buildings of the new settlement were well-constructed, and connected to a network of municipal utilities and services. The original town of
Bellavista was abandoned, and is now referred to as
706:"The armed confrontation in the region between the guerrillas and the illegal self-defence forces is very violent due to the economic and strategic interests in play, including, among others:
1081:
1099:
258:
383:
343:
504:
1999:
468:
225:
885:
388:
353:
1036:
2009:
1994:
1934:
300:
1526:
274:
944:
Informe de la
Oficina en Colombia del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos Humanos sobre su Misión de Observación en el Medio Atrato
511:
393:
1621:
752:) toward the paramilitary positions. Two of the bombs landed nearby and the third went through the roof of the church, where it exploded on the altar.
1209:
942:
290:
537:
527:
1770:
1582:
1245:
542:
89:
1979:
1924:
1949:
218:
1140:
1061:
1722:
1954:
1939:
1592:
1317:
1096:
674:
1432:
1255:
1224:
780:
The residence of the
Augustinian Nuns as of 2020, where around 100 people took refuge during the fighting in 2020, now abandoned.
424:
211:
1984:
1848:
1545:
732:
also visited the region on April 26 and released an early warning regarding the threat of an armed confrontation in the area.
666:
654:
196:
133:
1611:
1485:
670:
552:
1944:
1929:
1459:
1361:
609:
1501:
1454:
892:
1550:
1173:
755:
The UN investigation found the FARC in violation of several principles of international humanitarian law, including an
463:
36:
1959:
729:
1663:
1572:
1281:
801:
409:
1969:
1853:
1474:
1133:
658:
1894:
1597:
1388:
1271:
1449:
1286:
977:
856:
1919:
951:
950:. Oficina en Colombia del Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Derechos Humanos. Archived from
82:
2004:
1887:
1704:
1675:
163:
1964:
1260:
1126:
429:
562:
1682:
1204:
728:
regarding the presence of the paramilitaries and the possible consequences for the local people. The
451:
1974:
1697:
1366:
761:
1989:
1511:
1427:
1312:
1214:
604:
295:
808:, who selected a location roughly one kilometre from the old town for its low risk of flooding.
439:
1643:
1562:
1480:
1307:
532:
446:
1229:
756:
547:
1235:
358:
1371:
1219:
1199:
843:
715:
315:
310:
1616:
8:
1882:
1687:
1346:
1010:
840:
583:
378:
348:
1302:
736:
646:
499:
473:
71:
1717:
1410:
1276:
1265:
1149:
578:
557:
478:
434:
338:
305:
235:
25:
1398:
1322:
985:
685:) launched at the AUC paramilitaries positioned by the walls of a church from a FARC
588:
414:
1118:
1824:
1653:
1626:
1082:"Así fue atacado por la Fuerza Aérea campamento de las Farc en Chocó" (in Spanish).
707:
630:
368:
331:
1877:
1658:
1240:
373:
1631:
1521:
1296:
1291:
1103:
686:
492:
485:
363:
776:
1834:
1785:
1765:
1692:
1636:
1405:
797:
793:
1913:
1829:
1798:
1356:
1351:
989:
104:
91:
978:"With Colombia's Peace Deal in Doubt, a Battered Town Fears a Return to War"
1393:
1194:
921:. República de Colombia, Ministerio de Defensa Nacional. pp. 132, 133.
698:
A 2001 publication prepared by the Colombian Ministry of National Defence,
662:
456:
1327:
711:
700:"Annual Report on Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law, 2000",
1867:
1541:
1517:
203:
153:
1568:
828:
805:
642:
67:
1872:
1738:
1578:
1097:"Cayó alias ‘mapanao’, autor de la masacre de Bojayá" (in Spanish).
650:
638:
149:
75:
1588:
1507:
1752:
1062:"Colombian State sentenced to pay compensation to Bojayá victims"
839:
At dawn of 22 February 2012, nearly 10 years after the event, a
1811:
1648:
1558:
1497:
702:
provided the following description of the situation in Bojayá:
735:
Intense fighting broke out on May 1 in a neighboring town,
137:
916:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
1037:"De la devastación a la esperanza: así se levanta Bojayá"
641:
that occurred on May 2, 2002, in the town of Bellavista,
869:
792:
decision was largely favourable, though not unanimous.
661:
attacked the town in an attempt to take control of the
1148:
815:("Old Bellavista"). The new settlement took the name
1256:
Valle del Cauca Deputies hostage crisis (2002–2009)
710:, the inter-oceanic connection, the development of
891:. centrodememoriahistorica.gov.co. Archived from
2000:Terrorist incidents involving incendiary devices
1911:
822:
132:Civilians caught in the crossfire between the
1134:
1109:22 February 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
219:
2010:Terrorist incidents in South America in 2002
1995:Terrorist incidents in Colombia in the 2000s
1935:Improvised explosive device bombings in 2002
1087:23 February 2012. Retrieved 23 February 2012
1141:
1127:
936:
934:
932:
930:
928:
226:
212:
919:Informe Anual Derechos Humanos y DIH 2000
1035:Tiempo, Casa Editorial El (2017-11-22).
1009:Tiempo, Casa Editorial El (2004-05-01).
775:
748:and began launching gas cylinder bombs (
742:
925:
910:
834:
800:was undertaken by graduate students at
425:Valle del Cauca Deputies hostage crisis
1912:
1034:
1008:
975:
940:
667:United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia
655:Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
233:
1821:
1492:
1333:
1191:
1122:
1011:"EN MARCHA REUBICACIÓN DE BELLAVISTA"
207:
173:119 civilians (including 45 children)
1980:Attacks on churches in South America
1925:21st-century mass murder in Colombia
1313:Renewed peace process (2012–present)
1950:Massacres of the Colombian conflict
1225:Patriotic Union Party extermination
784:
722:
13:
827:The First Administrative Court of
14:
2021:
1318:Peace agreement referendum (2016)
1955:May 2002 events in South America
1940:Political repression in Colombia
1804:
1791:
1778:
1758:
1587:
1577:
1567:
1557:
1540:
1516:
1506:
1496:
1450:Sinaltrainal v. Coca-Cola (2001)
1362:Colombia–United States relations
1272:Parapolitics scandal (2006–2007)
1246:Failed peace process (1999–2002)
1064:. Colombia Reports. May 29, 2008
917:Ministerio de Defensa Nacional.
190:
42:
35:
1287:Andean diplomatic crisis (2008)
886:"Bojayá: La guerra sin límites"
1389:Illegal drug trade in Colombia
1215:Palace of Justice siege (1985)
1210:Dominican Embassy siege (1980)
1090:
1075:
1054:
1028:
1002:
969:
730:Ombudsman's Office of Colombia
43:
1:
1985:Building bombings in Colombia
857:List of massacres in Colombia
693:
464:San José de Apartadó massacre
1455:Rodriquez v. Drummond (2003)
1261:El Nogal Club bombing (2003)
844:Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano
7:
1945:Massacres committed by FARC
1930:Spree shootings in Colombia
1676:Military Forces of Colombia
1220:DAS Building bombing (1989)
976:Semple, Kirk (2016-10-10).
850:
823:Responsibility of the state
10:
2026:
1895:Some Colombian politicians
1664:Some Colombian politicians
56:Bojayá massacre (Colombia)
1732:Former government program
1670:
1473:
1282:"False positives" scandal
1236:Mapiripán Massacre (1997)
1185:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1157:
673:. During the fighting, a
410:"False positives" scandal
245:
185:
177:
169:
159:
143:
128:
120:
81:
63:
31:
23:
18:
1960:2002 murders in Colombia
1698:Colombian Naval Infantry
1367:Human rights in Colombia
1195:La Violencia (1948–1958)
862:
1433:FARC political hostages
1428:Kidnappings in Colombia
1303:Nariño massacres (2009)
762:1949 Geneva Conventions
677:(known in Spanish as a
296:Palace of Justice siege
291:Dominican embassy siege
1970:2002 building bombings
1878:Colombian drug cartels
1723:Attorney General units
1659:Colombian drug cartels
1481:Government of Colombia
1460:Doe v. Chiquita (2007)
1308:2013 Colombian clashes
1297:Operation Fenix (2008)
1292:Operation Jaque (2008)
1251:Bojayá massacre (2002)
941:UNHCHR (20 May 2002).
781:
720:
634:
553:Police station attacks
469:Sierra Macarena ambush
452:Bahía Portete massacre
1842:Former paramilitaries
1753:DynCorp International
1627:Cuban revolutionaries
1230:Humanitarian exchange
802:Universidad Javeriana
779:
757:indiscriminate attack
743:Details of the attack
704:
548:Centro Andino bombing
354:Siege of Las Delicias
1883:Mexican drug cartels
1551:List of FARC attacks
1372:Politics of Colombia
1266:Neiva bombing (2003)
1200:Marquetalia Republic
835:Death of perpetrator
635:La Masacre de Bojayá
316:DAS Building bombing
311:Massacre of Trujillo
1920:2002 mass shootings
1771:Mission in Colombia
1347:Democratic security
1328:Total Peace concept
841:Colombian Air Force
716:Panamerican Highway
379:Villanueva massacre
349:La Gabarra massacre
101: /
1890:military personnel
1718:Migración Colombia
1411:Catatumbo campaign
1381:Illegal drug trade
1339:Government aspects
1277:Operation Emmanuel
1205:The National Front
1150:Colombian conflict
1102:2016-01-15 at the
982:The New York Times
898:on 21 October 2017
782:
563:Bogotá car bombing
558:Catatumbo campaign
359:Mapiripán massacre
339:Villatina massacre
306:Avianca Flight 203
237:Colombian conflict
134:AUC paramilitaries
105:6.5211°N 76.9726°W
26:Colombian conflict
1965:Massacres in 2002
1907:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1617:Foro de São Paulo
1534:Former guerrillas
1399:Operation Snowcap
1323:2022 Huila attack
675:gas cylinder bomb
622:
621:
617:
616:
447:Zona Rosa attacks
415:Macayepo massacre
384:Nudo de Paramillo
202:
201:
2017:
2005:Chocó Department
1810:
1808:
1807:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1784:
1782:
1781:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1591:
1581:
1571:
1561:
1544:
1520:
1510:
1500:
1445:
1423:
1384:
1342:
1160:
1159:
1143:
1136:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1110:
1094:
1088:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1048:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1006:
1000:
999:
997:
996:
973:
967:
966:
964:
962:
957:on 3 August 2018
956:
949:
938:
923:
922:
914:
908:
907:
905:
903:
897:
890:
882:
817:Bellavista Nuevo
813:Bellavista Viejo
786:Bellavista Nuevo
737:Vigía del Fuerte
723:Preceding events
708:drug trafficking
647:Chocó Department
500:Nariño massacres
474:Jamundí massacre
430:El Nogal bombing
369:Machuca massacre
248:
247:
240:
238:
228:
221:
214:
205:
204:
195:
194:
193:
116:
115:
113:
112:
111:
110:6.5211; -76.9726
106:
102:
99:
98:
97:
94:
46:
45:
39:
16:
15:
2025:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2014:
1975:Church bombings
1910:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1889:
1863:
1858:
1844:
1839:
1818:
1816:
1805:
1803:
1792:
1790:
1779:
1777:
1759:
1757:
1748:
1743:
1734:
1729:
1714:
1705:National Police
1668:
1654:Fighters+Lovers
1632:Provisional IRA
1607:
1602:
1536:
1531:
1522:FARC dissidents
1488:
1477:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1465:
1446:
1439:
1437:
1424:
1417:
1415:
1385:
1378:
1376:
1343:
1336:
1299:
1268:
1232:
1189:
1153:
1147:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1104:Wayback Machine
1095:
1091:
1080:
1076:
1067:
1065:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1046:
1044:
1033:
1029:
1020:
1018:
1007:
1003:
994:
992:
974:
970:
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958:
954:
947:
939:
926:
915:
911:
901:
899:
895:
888:
884:
883:
870:
865:
853:
837:
825:
789:
745:
725:
696:
627:Bojayá massacre
623:
618:
420:Bojayá massacre
364:El Aro massacre
241:
236:
234:
232:
191:
189:
146:
138:FARC guerrillas
109:
107:
103:
100:
95:
92:
90:
88:
87:
74:
59:
58:
57:
54:
53:
52:
51:
47:
19:Bojayá massacre
12:
11:
5:
2023:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1990:Gas explosions
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1888:Some Colombian
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1825:Águilas Negras
1820:
1815:
1814:
1801:
1788:
1786:European Union
1775:
1774:
1773:
1766:United Nations
1755:
1742:
1741:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1709:
1708:
1707:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1690:
1685:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1640:
1639:
1637:Colombia Three
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1585:
1575:
1565:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1514:
1504:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1486:Paramilitaries
1483:
1478:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1406:Narcoterrorism
1403:
1402:
1401:
1391:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1190:
1186:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1152:(1964–present)
1146:
1145:
1138:
1131:
1123:
1112:
1111:
1089:
1074:
1053:
1027:
1001:
968:
924:
909:
867:
866:
864:
861:
860:
859:
852:
849:
847:the massacre.
836:
833:
824:
821:
788:
783:
744:
741:
724:
721:
695:
692:
683:cilindro bomba
671:paramilitaries
645:Municipality,
620:
619:
615:
614:
613:
612:
607:
599:
598:
594:
593:
592:
591:
586:
584:Arauca clashes
581:
573:
572:
568:
567:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
540:
535:
530:
528:Arauca attacks
522:
521:
517:
516:
515:
514:
509:
506:Strategic Leap
502:
497:
490:
483:
476:
471:
466:
461:
454:
449:
444:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
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85:
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60:
55:
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48:
41:
40:
34:
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29:
28:
21:
20:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2022:
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2008:
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2001:
1998:
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1991:
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1915:
1896:
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1891:
1886:
1884:
1881:
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1868:Spearhead Ltd
1866:
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1864:
1862:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1846:
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1843:
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1833:
1831:
1830:Los Rastrojos
1828:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1813:
1802:
1800:
1799:United States
1789:
1787:
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1180:Key aspects
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1066:. Retrieved
1056:
1045:. Retrieved
1043:(in Spanish)
1040:
1030:
1019:. Retrieved
1017:(in Spanish)
1014:
1004:
993:. Retrieved
981:
971:
959:. Retrieved
952:the original
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900:. Retrieved
893:the original
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712:megaprojects
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665:region from
663:Atrato River
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624:
589:Huila attack
533:July clashes
505:
493:
486:
479:
457:
440:
419:
332:
186:Perpetrators
24:Part of the
1420:Kidnappings
1085:Canal RCN,
773:beforehand.
145:Attack type
108: /
83:Coordinates
1914:Categories
1835:Clan Úsuga
1475:Guerrillas
1068:2008-05-29
1047:2024-02-11
1021:2024-02-11
995:2024-02-11
694:Background
659:guerrillas
124:2 May 2002
96:76°58′21″W
1861:Linked to
1746:Linked to
1688:Air Force
1605:Linked to
1107:El País,
1041:El Tiempo
1015:El Tiempo
990:0362-4331
714:like the
538:Meta raid
389:Gutiérrez
301:Yamurales
259:Soberanía
154:war crime
93:6°31′16″N
1873:CONVIVIR
1739:CONVIVIR
1442:Lawsuits
1174:Timeline
1100:Archived
851:See also
798:planning
651:Colombia
639:massacre
637:) was a
610:Timeline
597:See also
480:Emmanuel
150:Massacre
76:Colombia
64:Location
1546:FARC-EP
961:10 June
750:pipetas
657:(FARC)
631:Spanish
512:Corinto
441:14 July
394:Dabeiba
178:Injured
160:Weapons
1812:Canada
1809:
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1712:Other:
1649:ANNCOL
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988:
829:Quibdo
806:Bogotá
794:Siting
687:mortar
679:pipeta
669:(AUC)
643:Bojayá
344:Bogota
333:Traira
170:Deaths
129:Target
68:Bojayá
50:Bojayá
1527:FARIP
955:(PDF)
948:(PDF)
902:7 May
896:(PDF)
889:(PDF)
863:Notes
571:2020s
520:2010s
494:Fenix
487:Jaque
402:2000s
324:1990s
283:1980s
275:Anorí
267:1970s
251:1960s
72:Chocó
1693:Navy
1612:PCCC
1598:MAQL
1583:CGSB
1573:MOEC
986:ISSN
963:2009
904:2017
796:and
625:The
197:FARC
136:and
121:Date
1854:AAA
1849:AUC
1644:ETA
1593:ERP
1563:M19
1512:EPL
1502:ELN
804:in
681:or
164:IED
1916::
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927:^
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458:JM
181:98
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906:.
629:(
227:e
220:t
213:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
