27:
384:
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346:" under certain specific conditions. These whiskers eventually caused an electrical short. Each satellite contains two SCPs and the backup unit will take control in the event of a failure of the primary unit. In some cases, both SCPs have failed, rendering the spacecraft unusable. A notable example was the
220:) had been cylindrical spacecraft that were spin-stabilized at 50 revolutions per minute. Design of the Boeing-601 began in 1985, with full-scale development following two years later. The new satellite's first official public presentation took place at the Telecom 87 conference in Geneva, Switzerland.
279:
The second generation satellites (3) used the standard 601 bus, while the follow-on third generation satellites (3) use the 601HP bus, after design changes addressing satellite failures in 1990s. The TDRS version features two 15-foot-diameter steerable graphite composite mesh antennas. These antennas
246:
The U.S. Navy began replacing and upgrading its ultra-high frequency (UHF) satellite communications network during the 1990s with a constellation of customized HS-601 satellites known as the UFO (Ultra High
Frequency Follow On) series. Eleven UFO satellites were launched between 1993 and 2003. The
207:
The last commercial 601 satellite was ordered in 2001 and launched in 2004. The NASA Space
Communications and Navigation (SCaN) Program Office in December 2007 selected the BSS-601HP for its third generation TDRS spacecraft, adding the two 15-foot (4.5m) diameter steerable antennas. The TDRS-M
350:
satellite. At least eight 601s have experienced SCP failures; four of which were double failures resulting in total loss of the satellite. Hughes switched to nickel plating on later 601s to resolve this problem, at the expense of payload weight.
371:, for station keeping. At least four satellites with XIPS propulsion have experienced partial or total failure of the XIPS system which significantly reduced the lifespan of the satellite.
359:
Some 601HPs have experienced problems with their batteries, resulting in a reduction of eclipse protection. This would require some transponders to be shut down during eclipse periods.
216:
The Boeing-601 model was Hughes’ first major design and development for a communications satellite with three-axis, or body stabilization. All previous Hughes satellite models (
1322:
232:
A high-power version of the standard model Boeing-601, it supports up to 60 transponders and 10,000 watts, making it twice as powerful as the standard 601. Innovations in
1025:
714:
900:
269:. This series featured a sun-pointed extreme ultraviolet sensor, a Solar X-Ray Imager (SXI), and space environment monitoring (SEM) instruments for their
1358:
709:
796:
791:
692:
704:
475:
471:
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The 601 bus is divided into two modules. The first module houses the propulsion system, batteries, and electronics for the bus, and bears
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240:(XIPS) facilitated this upgrade. The 601HP made its debut in 1995, with upgrades in 2000 to address design and component failures.
741:
724:
1108:
323:
342:
An unconfirmed number of 601s launched prior to August 1997 have a design flaw in their SCPs, where a tin-plated relay forms
334:
A significant number of Boeing 601s have experienced failures in orbit, some resulting in complete failure of the satellite.
247:
UHF Follow-On constellation replaced the Fleet
Satellite Communications (FLTSATCOM) and the Hughes-built Leasat spacecraft.
391:
951:
193:
196:. The series was extremely popular in the 1990s, with more than 84 purchased by customers globally. The more advanced
367:
Some Boeing-601 satellites featured the optional electronic propulsion system, called Xenon Ion
Propulsion System or
1029:
326:
and provides up to 4,800 watts of power. The 601HP supports up to 60 transponders and provides up to 10,000 watts.
1208:
575:
1193:
1078:
298:
loads. The second module contains shelves carrying the communications equipment, payload electronics, and
1201:
200:
derivative (for "high power") was introduced in 1995. Hughes, and the 601 platforms, were acquired by
26:
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858:
425:
883:
760:
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770:
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are partially curled-up like a taco shell to fit within the Atlas/Centaur payload fairing.
8:
1109:"'Whiskers' Caused Satellite Failure: Galaxy IV Outage Blamed On Interstellar Phenomenon"
307:
938:
913:
778:
208:
satellite, launched on August 18, 2017, became the last 601 satellite to reach orbit.
1112:
106:
1176:
395:
257:, selected the standard Boeing 601 bus for its third generation weather satellites,
995:
918:
Eleven UHF Follow-On spacecraft designated F1-F11 (launched between 1993 and 2003)
542:
233:
253:
The
Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite system (GOES), operated by
1223:
1053:
295:
1347:
1231:
850:
527:(601HP; launched August 1997; known variously as IS-5, PAS-5, and Arabsat 2C)
270:
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311:
237:
875:
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593:
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519:
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430:
873:(601HP; launched February 2000; previously designated Superbird-4)
734:
PAS-3 (spare satellite launched
January 1996; re-designated PAS-3)
1079:"Boeing 601 Space Systems Forecast – Satellites & Spacecraft"
656:
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47:
31:
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663:
583:(601HP; launched May 1999; failed to achieve correct orbit)
892:
643:
639:
601:
368:
254:
532:(601HP; launched July 2000 as PAS-9 operated by PanAmSat)
374:
744:(601HP, launched August 1997; first 601 HP to launch)
565:(launched February 1999; formerly designated JCSAT-6)
362:
337:
928:
518:(601HP; launched April 2000; originally operated by
1054:"Sat-ND Failures - HS 601 Launch List (incomplete)"
1020:
1018:
1016:
1345:
969:
967:
765:then sold to PanAmSat and re-designated PAS-22)
1013:
1102:
1100:
1209:
964:
433:(destroyed in launch accident, January 1995)
322:The standard 601 platform supports up to 48
34:, the last satellite based on the Boeing-601
1169:
1097:
862:(formerly Space Communications Corporation)
192:designed in 1985 and introduced in 1987 by
1359:Military equipment introduced in the 1990s
1216:
1202:
25:
1048:
1046:
439:Asia Satellite Telecommunications Company
732:(launched December 1994; launch failure)
677:(launched December 1992; launch failure)
276:Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS)
522:, which was later acquired by Intelsat)
194:Hughes Space and Communications Company
1346:
1119:
1085:. Forecast International. January 2008
1043:
889:American Mobile Satellite Corporation)
849:(launched May 2009 as ProtoStar 2 for
759:(launched as AsiaSat 3; later sold to
1197:
1106:
375:Satellites based on the 601 and 601HP
236:solar cells, battery technology, and
1152:"PanAmSat suffers satellite setback"
774:(formerly ICO Global Communications)
378:
243:Ultra High Frequency Follow On (UFO)
1144:
952:Boeing Satellite Development Center
314:are mounted to the payload module.
13:
363:Xenon Ion Propulsion System (XIPS)
338:Spacecraft Control Processor (SCP)
14:
1370:
513:(launched January 1996 as PAS-3R)
931:
804:(601HP; launched December 1998)
576:Loral Space & Communications
382:
250:Third generation GOES satellites
1127:"Sat-ND Failures - HS 601 SCPs"
1111:. Wireless Week. Archived from
537:(601HP; launched January 2000)
1071:
988:
887:(formerly Motient Corporation,
634:(601HP; launched August 2017)
629:(601HP; launched January 2014)
624:(601HP; launched January 2013)
177:(sometimes referred to as the
1:
957:
596:(launched December 12, 2006)
211:
150:
354:
289:
238:xenon ion propulsion systems
7:
1107:Felps, Bruce (1999-05-17).
996:"TDRS-M Satellite Overview"
924:
329:
223:
10:
1375:
317:
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1083:ForecastInternational.com
284:
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94:
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78:
70:
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53:
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39:
24:
1028:. Boeing. Archived from
975:"History: 601 Satellite"
794:(launched November 1993)
763:and re-designated HGS-1;
749:(launched December 1998)
619:(launched December 2002)
560:(launched December 1997)
555:(launched February 1997)
187:communications satellite
181:, and previously as the
1225:Hughes Aircraft Company
799:(launched October 1994)
682:(launched August 1994)
490:(launched January 1996)
908:(launched April 1996)
895:(launched April 1995)
878:(launched April 2004)
859:SKY Perfect JSAT Group
777:(Twelve satellites in
739:(launched August 1995)
672:(launched August 1992)
570:(launched March 2002)
550:(launched August 1995)
1179:. Gunter's Space Page
884:TerreStar Corporation
853:; later sold to SES)
761:Hughes Communications
614:(launched March 2002)
344:crystalline "whiskers
1229:Boeing Space Systems
868:(launched July 1997)
771:Pendrell Corporation
727:(launched July 1994)
609:(launched June 2000)
508:(launched July 1994)
495:(launched May 1996)
396:adding missing items
1333:Boeing 702 (HS-702)
1328:Boeing 601 (HS-601)
754:(launched May 2001)
21:
1026:"Boeing 601 Fleet"
1000:Spaceflight101.com
939:Spaceflight portal
914:United States Navy
901:TMI Communications
394:; you can help by
133:Related spacecraft
19:
1341:
1340:
1115:on March 3, 2009.
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666:(formerly AUSSAT)
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1177:"Galaxy 8i, 8iR"
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543:JSAT Corporation
417:Latest operator
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234:gallium arsenide
151:
29:
22:
18:
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1354:Satellite buses
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185:) is a retired
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17:
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296:launch vehicle
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120:18 August 2017
115:
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110:
109:13 August 1992
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9:
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1233:
1232:Satellite bus
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1226:
1219:
1214:
1212:
1207:
1205:
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1199:
1196:
1178:
1172:
1157:
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1128:
1122:
1114:
1110:
1103:
1101:
1084:
1080:
1074:
1059:
1055:
1049:
1047:
1032:on 2013-06-30
1031:
1027:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1001:
997:
991:
976:
970:
968:
963:
953:
950:
948:
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944:
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911:
907:
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899:
898:
894:
891:
885:
882:
881:
877:
872:
867:
864:
860:
857:
856:
852:
851:ProtoStar Ltd
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
813:
811:
808:
807:
803:
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541:
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536:
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461:
458:
456:
453:
452:
449:
445:
442:
440:
437:
436:
432:
429:
427:
426:APT Satellite
424:
423:
419:
416:
415:
406:
403:December 2013
397:
393:
390:This list is
388:
381:
380:
372:
370:
360:
352:
349:
345:
335:
327:
325:
315:
313:
312:antenna feeds
309:
305:
301:
297:
278:
275:
272:
271:space weather
268:
264:
260:
256:
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227:
221:
219:
209:
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188:
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180:
176:
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157:
154:←
152:
148:
144:
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136:
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127:
123:
119:
116:
112:
108:
105:
103:Maiden launch
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
64:
60:
56:
52:
49:
46:
42:
38:
33:
28:
23:
16:Satellite bus
1327:
1181:. Retrieved
1171:
1160:. Retrieved
1155:
1146:
1135:. Retrieved
1130:
1121:
1113:the original
1087:. Retrieved
1082:
1073:
1062:. Retrieved
1057:
1034:. Retrieved
1030:the original
1003:. Retrieved
999:
990:
979:. Retrieved
871:Superbird-B2
710:Galaxy VIIIi
400:
366:
358:
341:
333:
324:transponders
321:
304:Solar arrays
293:
229:Boeing-601HP
215:
206:
197:
182:
178:
174:
172:
141:Boeing 601HP
44:Manufacturer
876:Superbird-6
866:Superbird-C
797:Solaridad 2
792:Solaridad 1
693:Galaxy IIIR
511:Intelsat 3R
420:Satellites
138:Derivatives
114:Last launch
1348:Categories
1323:Boeing 502
1183:2022-11-12
1162:2015-08-23
1137:2015-08-23
1131:Sat-ND.com
1064:2015-08-23
1058:Sat-ND.com
1036:2013-07-12
981:2013-07-12
958:References
947:Boeing 702
705:Galaxy VIR
535:Galaxy 10R
530:Intelsat 9
525:Intelsat 5
506:Intelsat 2
476:DIRECTV 4S
472:DIRECTV 1R
444:AsiaSat 3S
392:incomplete
308:reflectors
300:heat pipes
212:Background
175:Boeing 601
161:Boeing 702
74:In service
66:Production
20:Boeing 601
1089:18 August
1005:18 August
720:Galaxy XR
701:Galaxy VI
697:Galaxy IV
516:Galaxy 4R
493:Palapa C2
488:Palapa C1
468:DIRECTV 3
464:DIRECTV 2
460:DIRECTV 1
448:AsiaSat 4
355:Batteries
348:Galaxy IV
290:Structure
204:in 2000.
1156:CNET.com
1133:. Sat-ND
1060:. Sat-ND
977:. Boeing
925:See also
843:Astra 2C
839:Astra 1H
835:Astra 2A
831:Astra 1G
827:Astra 1F
823:Astra 1E
819:Astra 1D
815:Astra 1C
810:SES S.A.
802:Satmex 5
715:Galaxy X
688:PanAmSat
680:Optus B3
675:Optus B2
670:Optus B1
594:MEASAT-3
563:JCSAT-4A
520:PanAmSat
501:Intelsat
431:Apstar 2
330:Failures
224:Variants
163:→
107:Optus B1
87:Launched
79:On order
722:(601HP)
717:(601HP)
712:(601HP)
707:(601HP)
581:Orion 3
568:JCSAT-8
558:JCSAT-5
553:JCSAT-4
548:JCSAT-3
483:Indosat
455:DirecTV
318:Payload
267:GOES-15
263:GOES-14
259:GOES-13
179:BSS-601
1318:HS-393
1313:HS-389
1308:HS-381
1303:HS-378
1298:HS-376
1293:HS-371
1288:HS-356
1283:HS-353
1278:HS-351
1273:HS-335
1268:HS-333
1263:HS-312
1258:HS-308
1253:HS-306
1248:HS-303
1243:HS-301
1158:. CNET
906:MSAT-1
893:AMSC-1
787:Satmex
757:PAS-22
752:PAS-10
747:PAS-6B
657:GOES P
653:GOES O
649:GOES N
632:TDRS-M
627:TDRS-L
622:TDRS-K
617:TDRS-J
612:TDRS-I
607:TDRS-H
589:MEASAT
310:, and
285:Design
265:, and
218:HS-376
202:Boeing
183:HS-601
156:HS-376
118:TDRS-M
71:Status
48:Boeing
32:TDRS-M
847:SES-7
742:PAS-5
737:PAS-4
730:PAS-3
725:PAS-2
664:Optus
273:role.
198:601HP
1091:2017
1007:2017
644:NASA
640:NOAA
602:NASA
369:XIPS
255:NOAA
173:The
95:Lost
779:MEO
398:.
190:bus
1350::
1227:/
1154:.
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