228:
4231:
53:
69:
4510:
4498:
4486:
4522:
4048:
76:
4036:
853:
269:
structure was constructed on the summit of
Wichita Mountain's Signal Mountain encompassing a terrestrial elevation of 1,750 feet (530 m). The shelter has a dimension of 14 feet (4.3 m) by 16 feet (4.9 m) with a structural exterior consisting of native stone collected within the
1056:. The limestone structure is illustrative of the late 19th century confinement and relief formalities for hostile tribal leaders and Indian prisoners of war at the Fort Sill military camp. The domestic stone framework serves with historical significance considering the calendar span of the
699:
situated approximately 25 miles (40 km) south of the headquarters dugout encampment. On
September 9, 1874, Lyman's wagon train commenced the return by prairie trail when the double column train with sixty soldiers encountered a skirmish with tribal bands of
4376:
104:
1570:[Annual Report of the Chief Signal Officer to the Secretary of War for the Year 1876]. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. p. 89 – via HathiTrust Digital Library.
4265:
4557:
4461:
4366:
3120:[U.S. Supreme Court Decision ⡠187 U.S. 553, 1903 â ~ American Indians detribalization with U.S. law in the forefront given adaption to American society and challenges of assimilation].
4371:
4285:
4210:
2511:[A Short History of the Buffalo Bone Trade ~ A Sketch of Forgotten Romance of Frontier Times ~ The Story of a Forty Million Dollar Business from Two Million Tons of Bones].
4215:
4429:
4333:
4547:
4396:
4247:
4295:
4166:
4411:
4315:
1424:[The Statutes at Large, Treaties, and Proclamations, of the United States Of America ~ December 1867 - March 1869, 40th Congress (1867-1869) Vol. XV].
558:
3189:[Letter from Elizabeth Custer to Dr. C. C. Rister, discussing General George Armstrong Custer's attitude and interactions with the Native Americans].
4406:
4275:
4552:
4391:
4300:
819:
3786:
884:
appropriations in 1894, the Fort Sill military reservation was pledged as a resettlement dominion for the
American Indian prisoners of war confined at
822:
propelled the lucrative economics of the buffalo bone business. The accretion, commerce, and trade of the bison remains flourished from 1870 to 1937.
4305:
4064:[Map of Route Pursued by U.S. troops from Fort Smith, Arkansas, to Santa FĂŠ, New Mexico, via South Side of Canadian River in the Year 1849].
68:
4542:
4465:
4310:
4200:
4195:
4159:
4280:
2012:. American Indian and Alaskan Native Documents in the Congressional Serial Set: 1817 - 1899. United States Publishing Office. January 30, 1874.
1929:[Brief note, October 5, 1868, to T.P. Howell, Newark, New Jersey from Leavenworth, Kansas, May 25, 1868, signed, "W.C. Lobenstein"].
4514:
4040:
4152:
815:
621:
3839:
4490:
4381:
2404:
1736:
543:
1552:
1524:
2003:
2592:
283:
4356:
3095:[Winter 1877-78 ~ K' op-taide-do-tsedal-de Sai, âSignal-mountain winterâ âthe mountain with a house built upon itâ].
2008:
1897:. 16 Stat. 13, Chapter XVI ~ House Bill 123. United States Government Publishing Office. April 10, 1869. pp. 14â15, 36.
4230:
4175:
1926:
1101:
577:
39:
4386:
4361:
3199:
2543:
1543:
1515:
4052:
2892:
The
Hunting Grounds of the Great West: a Description of the Plains, Game, and Indians of the Great North American Desert
1209:
3809:
3660:
3514:
1057:
814:
destructively devastating the population of the North
American bison. The decimation of the Great Plains bison and the
566:
716:
398:
351:
4144:
1567:
535:
1421:
687:
for the replenishment of supply provisions. The wagon train was to collect provisions at Camp Supply and return to
565:
way of life. The transgressions waged in opposition to the
American Indian frontier culture culminated into a 1875
4082:
2551:
2023:
1548:
1520:
1489:
1019:
997:
975:
953:
931:
881:
4075:"Progress Map of Lines and Areas of Explorations and Surveys Conducted under the Auspices of the War Department"
1887:
4120:
3164:(Newspaper). Vol. 17, no. 46 (1 ed.). Mangum, Oklahoma: Oklahoma Historical Society. p. 2.
2944:
2863:
1258:
1253:
484:
3041:
Indian
Depredations in Texas: Reliable Accounts of Battles, Wars, Adventures, Forays, Murders, Massacres, etc.
1538:
1510:
4022:
2738:
1347:
830:
788:
4016:
728:
4103:
1854:
2643:
1499:. 41st Congress, Session II ~ 16 Stat. 369. United States Government Publishing Office. February 9, 1870.
3057:
2344:
4476:
4011:
4000:
3989:
3978:
3947:
3929:
3918:
3907:
3896:
3885:
3874:
3856:
3756:
3708:
3620:
3585:
3550:
3474:
3439:
3404:
3369:
3334:
3299:
3264:
3229:
2033:. 18 Stat. 51, Chapter CCV ~ House Bill 1590. United States Government Publishing Office. June 3, 1874.
1816:
1775:
806:
During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the North
American bison was aggressively hunted by
2858:]. Vol. IV. Cambridge, Massachusetts: University Press, Cambridge: Welch, Bigelow, & Co.
1712:
1618:"Capt. Randolph Marcy's Exploration Route through Collingsworth County ~ Texas Historic Marker: 13474"
772:
227:
4179:
2969:
2606:
1944:
1672:
409:
405:
255:
221:
3738:
2080:
2062:
1620:[Near Wellington in Collingsworth County, Texas - The American South (West South Central)].
609:
4220:
3117:
2566:
2451:
1599:
1471:
1422:"Treaty between the United States of America and the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache Tribes of Indians"
1403:
1384:
1328:
1199:
1167:
784:
2759:[National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form for Federal Properties]
2584:
2398:
807:
4421:
1985:
1952:
1872:
1268:
1231:
1117:
870:
852:
740:
656:
581:
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394:
313:
217:
3541:
3364:
2756:
2290:
2198:
1966:
1770:
3751:
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3615:
3469:
3434:
3329:
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3259:
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2716:
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2180:
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1811:
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1248:
866:
834:
800:
684:
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317:
259:
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The
Extermination of the American Bison : with a Sketch of Its Discovery and Life History
2822:
1751:
842:
4133:
3953:
2383:[Near Canadian in Hemphill County, Texas - The American South (West South Central)].
2255:[Near Canadian in Hemphill County, Texas - The American South (West South Central)].
2138:[Military stockade near Beaver River and Wolf Creek (north fork of Canadian River)].
1653:
1142:
1105:
889:
796:
668:
585:
504:
476:
371:
251:
236:
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2917:
2664:[Fort Sill in Comanche County, Oklahoma â The American South (West South Central)].
2508:
2489:
1730:
1638:[Fort Sill in Comanche County, Oklahoma â The American South (West South Central)].
1312:[Fort Sill in Comanche County, Oklahoma â The American South (West South Central)].
4111:
3066:
1263:
885:
696:
597:
386:
367:
321:
290:
3130:
2795:
2697:
2271:
1812:""The Indian Character": Cross-cultural Relations in Indian Territory after the Civil War"
52:
8:
4401:
4325:
4074:
2890:
2679:
1908:
1428:. Boston, Massachusetts: Little, Brown, and Company. October 21, 1867. pp. 581â592.
1152:
1127:
792:
660:
464:
336:
240:
216:
is located along
Mackenzie Hill Road within the Fort Sill West Range being the Oklahoma
171:
4091:
3704:"Fort Sill, the Chiricahua Apaches, and the Government's Promise of Permanent Residence"
3650:
3616:"The United States Congress and the Release of the Apache Prisoners of War at Fort Sill"
3186:
2329:[Canadian in Hemphill County, Texas - The American South (West South Central)].
1690:
1454:
1053:
3211:
2724:
2432:
2309:"Site of Lyman's Wagon Train Battle - Canadian - Hemphill County ~ Marker Number: 4826"
776:
531:
488:
437:
4061:
1863:
1365:
189:
175:
4447:
4351:
4174:
3961:
3815:
3805:
3773:
3765:
3725:
3717:
3674:
3666:
3656:
3655:. Gateway to Oklahoma History. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: Oklahoma Historical Society.
3637:
3629:
3602:
3594:
3567:
3559:
3528:
3520:
3510:
3491:
3483:
3456:
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3281:
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3144:
3136:
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3079:
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3013:
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2986:
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2931:
2923:
2904:
2896:
2877:
2869:
2859:
2836:
2828:
2809:
2801:
2524:
2235:"Gen. Nelson Miles Expedition (Headquarters Dugout) - Canadian ~ Marker Number: 2138"
2143:
1947:[Visible businesses include W.C. Lobenstein, Central House, and Studebaker].
1833:
1825:
1792:
1784:
1437:
1132:
768:
593:
294:
275:
468:
4502:
4343:
3100:
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1433:
1429:
1226:
780:
764:
680:
613:
605:
589:
457:
426:
301:
92:
3840:"17164 The Signal Corps Basic Signal Communication ~ Field Wire Line Construction"
3092:
2849:
539:
433:
4526:
4439:
4239:
4187:
3799:
3504:
2362:
2234:
2161:
1581:
1194:
1147:
1122:
877:
775:
within the northwest sector of the state of Oklahoma factually substantiating by
720:
688:
644:
401:
305:
2961:
2625:
3005:
1888:"Indian Department and Treaty Stipulations Appropriations of 1870 ~ P.L. 41-16"
1172:
1157:
1046:
752:
732:
562:
416:
355:
328:
309:
266:
4005:
3994:
3983:
3972:
3941:
3923:
3912:
3901:
3890:
3879:
3868:
3850:
3819:
3025:
712:
consequently regressing into a battle from September 9 to September 14, 1874.
4536:
4205:
3787:"How the 1867 Medicine Lodge Treaty Changed the Plains Indian Tribes Forever"
3777:
3729:
3678:
3641:
3606:
3571:
3545:
3532:
3495:
3460:
3425:
3390:
3355:
3320:
3285:
3250:
3083:
2935:
2528:
1837:
1796:
1708:
1490:"Meteorological Observations at Military Stations ~ Public Resolution No. 12"
1137:
826:
756:
736:
692:
664:
554:
480:
452:
outpost continually anticipated the spontaneous mobilization of the Old Post
382:
286:
120:
106:
3965:
3177:
3148:
2996:
2977:
2813:
2044:
1771:"The Carr-Penrose Expedition: General Sheridan's Winter Campaign, 1868-1869"
1441:
271:
247:
3048:
2908:
2881:
2840:
2363:"50 Yards West to Routes of Historic Trails - Canadian ~ Marker Number: 41"
2216:
2098:
1654:"Enchanted Rock - Fredericksburg - Gillespie County ~ Marker Number: 10035"
1236:
1221:
1204:
1182:
846:
838:
724:
617:
601:
430:
332:
213:
4462:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Comanche County, Oklahoma
3943:
A Celebration of Heritage: Native Americans - Bison & the Great Plains
3108:
1915:. Hardin-Simmons University Library ~ University of North Texas Libraries.
1850:
Text of Lobenstein v. United States, 91 U.S. 324 (1875) is available from:
1582:
A Manual of Military Telegraphy for the Signal Service, United States Army
1296:
The Lawton Constitution, Vol. 77, No. 127, Ed. 1 Tuesday, January 30, 1979
3132:
The Border and the Buffalo : an Untold Story of the Southwest Plains
811:
449:
363:
344:
3215:
2648:
Castillo de San Marcos National Monument Florida ~ National Park Service
2436:
2420:
856:
Custer Era Springfield U.S. Model .50 caliber trapdoor carbine ca. 1875
771:
period. During the 1990s, the Oklahoma Archeological Survey conducted a
1586:
1023:
979:
957:
935:
760:
445:
379:
359:
340:
2955:. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Office. pp. 143â146.
2326:
1756:
U.S. National Park Service ~ Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument
1635:
1617:
1458:
1370:
NPGallery Digital Asset Management System ~ U.S. National Park Service
1309:
1001:
441:
335:. The Fort Sill, Indian Territory signal station officially commenced
4290:
4257:
4072:
3200:"The Significance of the Destruction of the Buffalo in the Southwest"
2661:
2380:
2252:
2135:
1656:[1936 Texas Centennial - Historical Marker - Bronze Plaque].
1177:
746:
549:
The 1870s were seasons of significant transformation in light of the
530:
The stone lookout station was decisively undisputed at the Fort Sill
390:
324:
279:
209:
663:. The Texas native raids cultivated into what is known today as the
422:
1049:
705:
701:
632:
496:
4047:
3169:
3103:. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 342.
2024:"Protection of Frontier Settlements of Texas, 1874 ~ P.L. 43-205"
1350:[40" x 30" Oil on Canvas Artist Painting with Narrative].
1095:
643:
on June 11, 1870 in the Indian Territory often referred to as the
483:. The disquietude of the plains territory is reciprocative to the
4558:
National Register of Historic Places in Comanche County, Oklahoma
4096:
University of North Texas Libraries ~ The Portal to Texas History
4079:
The Portal of Texas History ~ University of North Texas Libraries
3191:
University of North Texas Libraries ~ The Portal to Texas History
3187:"Letter from Elizabeth Custer to Dr. C. C. Rister, July 28, 1928"
3060:[General Miles's Indian Campaigns on the Staked Plains].
2951:[Annual Report of the Secretary of War 1886 ~ Volume 1].
2085:
Historical Maps of Texas ~ Perry-CastaĂąeda Library Map Collection
2067:
Historical Maps of Texas ~ Perry-CastaĂąeda Library Map Collection
1045:
Fort Sill's Post Guardhouse was established from 1872 to 1873 as
860:
472:
453:
3769:
3721:
3670:
3633:
3598:
3563:
3524:
3487:
3452:
3417:
3382:
3347:
3312:
3277:
3242:
3140:
3043:]. Austin, Texas: Hutchings Printing House. pp. 71â79.
3017:
2927:
2900:
2873:
2832:
2805:
2147:
1829:
1788:
1565:
679:
During September 1874, Captain Wyllys Lyman guided a provisions
75:
4035:
3752:"Custer's Last Campaign of Sheridan's 1868-69 Winter Offensive"
3649:
Faulk, Odie B.; Franks, Kenny Arthur; Lambert, Paul F. (1978).
2922:(â
Librivox Audiobookâ
). New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers.
2856:
Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College
492:
243:
2991:. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office.
3870:
Indians of Oklahoma: Exposition in Anadarko, Oklahoma c. 1950
2962:"The Apache Prisoners in Fort Marion, St. Augustine, Florida"
2827:(â
Librivox Audiobookâ
). New York, N.Y.: Sheldon and Company.
2431:(3). Central States Archaeological Societies, Inc.: 171â175.
709:
691:
Headquarters Dugout. The frontier range was located near the
636:
500:
419:
375:
239:
reservation was entitled Camp Wichita as situated within the
3764:(4 - Winter 2012-13). Oklahoma Historical Society: 440â461.
3482:(4 - Winter 1967-68). Oklahoma Historical Society: 451â463.
3447:(4 - Winter 1961-62). Oklahoma Historical Society: 427â432.
2942:
2824:
My Life on the Plains: Or, Personal Experiences with Indians
2611:
Chiricahua National Monument Arizona ~ National Park Service
2162:"Warren Wagon Train Massacre - Graham ~ Marker Number: 5721"
1368:[Medicine Bluff Creek ~ Comanche County, Oklahoma].
900:
U.S. Statutes for Relief of American Indian Prisoners of War
3237:(4 - December 1938). Oklahoma Historical Society: 410â424.
2785:
Further reading about American Frontier and Plains Prairies
592:
exemplifying the prairie plains as treacherous grounds for
246:
of Medicine Bluffs. The blockhouse was established in 1871
3377:(2 - Summer, 1957). Oklahoma Historical Society: 138â146.
1911:[Kansas Pacific Railway by Levison & Blythe].
510:
278:. The four wall dwelling was erected as some of the first
212:
Military Reservation, north of Lawton, Oklahoma. The rock
3892:
Anadarko Indian Exposition Parade: Late 1940s Early 1950s
3628:(2 - Summer 1976). Oklahoma Historical Society: 199â226.
3342:(4 - Winter 1950). Oklahoma Historical Society: 390â398.
3307:(2 - Summer 1950). Oklahoma Historical Society: 154â160.
3260:"Historical Background of the Kiowa Comanche Reservation"
3070:. New York, N.Y.: Century Co. pp. 367â369, 351â370.
2919:
Boots and Saddles: or, Life in Dakota with General Custer
2421:"How Extensive was the Folsom Tradition in North America"
2006:[H.R. Rep. No. 61, 43d Cong., 1st Sess. (1874)].
1783:(2 - Summer 1973). Oklahoma Historical Society: 159â176.
1217:
Indian Peace Commission and Southern Plains Tribal Agency
415:
The mountainous altitude served as an observation of the
366:
before implementing the signal field wire lines enabling
4108:
The Hornaday Smithsonian Buffalo and Western Art Gallery
3472:[The Kiowa-Comanche Reservation in the 1890's].
1969:[Fort Griffin and the Prairie-Plains Frontier].
408:
and territorial prairie trails as an integration of the
3936:
American Bison and Preservation of Great Plains Species
3716:(1 - Spring 2000). Oklahoma Historical Society: 28â43.
3558:(1 - Spring 1972). Oklahoma Historical Society: 65â81.
3412:(1 - Spring, 1958). Oklahoma Historical Society: 2â14.
3272:(2 - June 1941). Oklahoma Historical Society: 129â140.
2140:
Photo, Print, Drawing ~ Prints and Photographs Division
1824:(3 - Fall 2013). Oklahoma Historical Society: 296â315.
282:
architecture as part of Fort Sill's Old Post Corral or
1927:"1868 Kansas Buffalo Robe Dealer - Letter, Letterhead"
4548:
Buildings and structures in Comanche County, Oklahoma
4474:
3881:
American Indian Dances at Indian City USA Circa 1950s
3593:(1 - Spring 1975). Oklahoma Historical Society: 3â8.
1566:
Chief Signal Officer of the Army (November 1, 1876).
1372:. U.S. Department of the Interior. December 31, 1974.
1081:
Old Post Guardhouse at Fort Sill Military Reservation
674:
2253:"Gen. Nelson Miles Expedition (Headquarters Dugout)"
4114:: Fort Benton Montana Museums and Heritage Complex.
2630:
Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division
2349:
Texas Beyond History ~ Battles of the Red River War
2203:
Texas Beyond History ~ Battles of the Red River War
655:Comanche and Kiowa conduct a skirmish known as the
650:
16:
Blockhouse on Signal Mountain in Southwest Oklahoma
3804:. Charleston, South Carolina: Arcadia Publishing.
3688:"The Buffalo Bone Commerce on the Northern Plains"
3648:
3509:. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press.
2889:Dodge, Richard Irving; Blackmore, William (1877).
2593:Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian
747:American Indian reverence and North American bison
3540:Kalisch, Philip A.; Kalisch, Beatrice J. (1972).
258:cordially looming over the course of time as the
4534:
3613:
3210:(1). Texas State Historical Association: 34â49.
3122:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
2721:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
2475:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
2456:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
2122:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
1949:DeGolyer Library ~ Southern Methodist University
1909:"The Best and Shortest Cattle Trails From Texas"
1604:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
1476:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
1408:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
1389:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
1333:The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
1100:Blockhouse on Signal Mountain was listed on the
906:
4466:List of National Historic Landmarks in Oklahoma
4054:Lobenstein v. United States, 91 U.S. 324 (1875)
3852:Fort Sill National Historic Landmark and Museum
3435:"A Brief History of the Fort Sill Apache Tribe"
3295:"Wichita-Kiowa Relations and the 1874 Outbreak"
1096:Listing on National Register of Historic Places
715:The five day siege is often referred to as the
627:
456:troops into the rugged terrain of southwestern
4104:"Hornaday Smithsonian Buffalo Exhibit of 1887"
4073:United States Army Corps of Engineers (1873).
3539:
2888:
2515:. Sykesville, Pennsylvania: Nupp Printing Co.
1707:
1190:Exploratory prairie routes of Indian Territory
1040:
861:Fort Sill and American Indian prisoners of war
4377:Federal Building and United States Courthouse
4160:
3974:Facing the Storm: Story of the American Bison
3506:Carbine and Lance: The Story of Old Fort Sill
559:United States American Indian laws and policy
471:potentially revealing the disturbance of the
4125:Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture
3954:"American Buffalo : Spirit of a Nation"
3784:
2626:"Council between Geronimo and General Crook"
1298:. Lawton, Oklahoma: The Lawton Constitution.
312:. The elevated station provided support for
4098:. University of Texas at Arlington Library.
3903:Native American Missions in Oklahoma - 1932
3785:Boissoneault, Lorraine (October 23, 2017).
3697:. State Historical Society of North Dakota.
3158:"An Unknown Grave ~ Lawton, Okla., Oct. 21"
2767:. National Park Service. November 29, 1978.
2745:. National Park Service. November 29, 1978.
1697:. United States Department of the Interior.
1597:
1163:Southern frontier forts of Indian Territory
1060:commencing in the late nineteenth century.
739:occurring along the Historic Trails of the
735:conflict was the third major battle of the
4553:Military installations established in 1871
4266:Balloon Hangar at Henry Post Army Airfield
4167:
4153:
4018:The American Buffalo ~ Ken Burns & PBS
3652:Early Military Forts and Posts in Oklahoma
3155:
2800:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: J.W. Moore.
2757:"Blockhouse on Signal Mountain ~ 78002228"
2739:"Blockhouse on Signal Mountain ~ 78002228"
2049:Frontier Forts Main ~ Texas Beyond History
1971:Frontier Forts Main ~ Texas Beyond History
622:Territorial evolution of the United States
538:during the winter of 1868 to 1869 and the
316:between Signal Mountain, Medicine Bluffs,
51:
3863:American Indians of Southwestern Oklahoma
3032:
2506:
2405:Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument
1737:Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument
544:cultural assimilation of Native Americans
40:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
4089:
3397:
3327:
2984:
1553:United States Department of the Interior
1525:United States Department of the Interior
865:For broader coverage of this topic, see
851:
571:Lobenstein v. United States, 91 U.S. 324
557:. The native disaccord developed as the
347:reports beginning on September 9, 1875.
226:
4543:1871 establishments in Indian Territory
3960:. New York, N.Y.: Thirteen/WNET. 1998.
3797:
3736:
3685:
3614:Turcheneske, Jr., John Anthony (1976).
3578:
3467:
3292:
3257:
3093:"Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians"
2970:Office of the Indian Rights Association
2541:
2099:"Battle of Camp Supply ~ June 11, 1870"
1624:. The Historical Marker Database. 2006.
1366:"Medicine Bluffs ~ Fort Sill, Oklahoma"
1292:"Historic Blockhouse Named to Register"
1289:
588:on Indian Territory forts and military
521:Signal Mountain on Fort Sill West Range
511:Native raids on southern prairie plains
4535:
3832:
3749:
3400:"Old Fort Sill: The First Seven Years"
3362:
3197:
3184:
3090:
2915:
2820:
2418:
1768:
755:was a big game species pursued by the
683:grouped as thirty-six empty wagons to
284:United States Army Quartermaster Corps
4357:Building 309, Fort Sill Indian School
4148:
4140:. Texas State Historical Association.
3745:. Texas State Historical Association.
3432:
3156:Crittenden, H.L. (October 31, 1907).
3135:. Topeka, Kansas: Crane and Company.
3055:
3003:
2959:
2943:United States War Department (1886).
2895:. London, U.K.: Chatto & Windus.
2847:
2793:
2573:. Texas State Historical Association.
2496:. Texas State Historical Association.
2425:Central States Archaeological Journal
2297:. Texas State Historical Association.
2187:. Texas State Historical Association.
2178:
2009:University of Oklahoma College of Law
2004:"Protection of the Frontier of Texas"
1992:. Texas State Historical Association.
1967:"The Most Dangerous Prairie in Texas"
1945:"Elm Street in Dallas, Texas in 1874"
1809:
1679:. Texas State Historical Association.
1290:Bentley, Bill F. (January 30, 1979).
612:as a deterrence for the safeguard of
4515:National Register of Historic Places
4176:National Register of Historic Places
3914:Oklahoma Indians: We Are Who We Were
3701:
3222:
3193:. Hardin-Simmons University Library.
3128:
2585:"Guns on Horseback: Trading for War"
2550:. Points West magazine Spring 1995.
2399:"Paleo Indians (9500 BC to 6000 BC)"
2369:. Texas Historical Commission. 1969.
2345:"Major Battles of the Red River War"
2327:"Site of Lyman's Wagon Train Battle"
2315:. Texas Historical Commission. 1967.
2288:
2241:. Texas Historical Commission. 1967.
2168:. Texas Historical Commission. 1977.
2087:. The University of Texas at Austin.
2069:. The University of Texas at Austin.
1660:. Texas Historical Commission. 1936.
1200:Dodge-Leavenworth Expedition of 1834
1102:National Register of Historic Places
4387:First Presbyterian Church of Lawton
4131:
4118:
3842:. United States Department of War.
3542:"Indian Territory Forts, 1839-1865"
3502:
3058:"The Capture of Geronimo's Apaches"
3006:"Indian Wars and Pioneers of Texas"
2851:American Bisons, Living and Extinct
2623:
1544:Geographic Names Information System
1516:Geographic Names Information System
1348:"Medicine Bluff at Ft. Sill 1870's"
13:
4491:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
4068:. E. Weber & Co., Balto. 1849.
2945:"Lieutenant General of the Army ~
2650:. U.S. Department of the Interior.
2613:. U.S. Department of the Interior.
2468:
2449:
2408:. U.S. Department of the Interior.
2142:. U.S. Library of Congress. 1869.
2081:"Federal Forts in Texas 1866-1890"
2063:"Federal Forts in Texas 1848-1861"
1758:. U.S. Department of the Interior.
1740:. U.S. Department of the Interior.
1670:
1469:
1401:
1345:
1326:
675:Wyllys Lyman's Wagon Train of 1874
14:
4569:
4028:
3925:Oklahoma: A Past Preserved - 1975
3548:of the Frontier, 1839-1865].
3204:Southwestern Historical Quarterly
3115:
2985:Hornaday, William Temple (1889).
2821:Custer, George Armstrong (1874).
2714:
2668:. The Historical Marker Database.
2564:
2542:McClure, Nancy (April 26, 2015).
2487:
2387:. The Historical Marker Database.
2333:. The Historical Marker Database.
2269:
2259:. The Historical Marker Database.
1642:. The Historical Marker Database.
1316:. The Historical Marker Database.
919:U.S. Presidential Administration
717:Battle of the Upper Washita River
4520:
4508:
4496:
4484:
4286:Comanche Indian Mission Cemetery
4229:
4092:"Texas and Indian Territory Map"
4046:
4034:
3470:"The Kiowa-Comanche Reservation"
3225:"Historic Sites Around Anadarko"
3185:Custer, Elizabeth Bacon (1928).
2916:Custer, Elizabeth Bacon (1885).
2743:National Register Digital Assets
2544:"What Makes It a "Buffalo Gun"?"
2507:McCreight, Major Israel (1939).
2351:. University of Texas at Austin.
2205:. University of Texas at Austin.
2051:. University of Texas at Austin.
1983:
1973:. University of Texas at Austin.
1951:. Dallas, Dallas County, Texas:
1752:"Comanches (1700 AD to 1874 AD)"
1713:"Comanche Feats of Horsemanship"
1382:
1210:Jean-Baptiste BĂŠnard de la Harpe
1052:subsequently provisioned for a
845:, was a prized provision on the
651:Henry Warren Wagon Train of 1871
74:
67:
4083:United States Department of War
3581:"Oklahoma Territory, 1890-1907"
3503:Nye, Wilbur Sturtevant (1969).
3118:"Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock (1903)"
3033:Wilbarger, John Wesley (1890).
3012:. Austin, Texas: L.E. Daniell.
2775:
2749:
2731:
2708:
2702:The Gateway to Oklahoma History
2690:
2684:The Gateway to Oklahoma History
2672:
2654:
2636:
2617:
2599:
2577:
2558:
2552:Buffalo Bill Center of the West
2535:
2500:
2481:
2462:
2452:"Oklahoma Archeological Survey"
2443:
2419:Butkus, Edmund A. (July 2004).
2412:
2391:
2373:
2355:
2337:
2319:
2301:
2282:
2276:The Gateway to Oklahoma History
2263:
2245:
2227:
2209:
2191:
2172:
2154:
2136:"Camp Supply, Indian Territory"
2128:
2115:
2109:
2091:
2073:
2055:
2037:
2016:
1996:
1977:
1959:
1937:
1919:
1901:
1880:
1844:
1803:
1762:
1744:
1723:
1717:Smithsonian American Art Museum
1701:
1683:
1664:
1646:
1628:
1610:
1591:
1574:
1559:
1549:United States Geological Survey
1531:
1521:United States Geological Survey
1503:
1482:
1463:
1404:"Kiowa-Comanche-Apache Opening"
1068:Vicinity of Old Post Guardhouse
4127:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
3124:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
2968:. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
2727:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
2704:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
2686:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
2477:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
2458:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
2278:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
2272:"Map of the Camp Supply Trail"
2124:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
2120:[Fort Supply (fort)].
2105:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
1731:"Apaches (1450 AD to 1700 AD)"
1606:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
1478:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
1472:"Military, Nineteenth Century"
1448:
1414:
1410:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
1395:
1391:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
1385:"Medicine Lodge Treaty (1867)"
1376:
1358:
1339:
1335:. Oklahoma Historical Society.
1320:
1302:
1283:
1259:Conservation of American bison
1244:Preservation of American bison
184:
1:
4430:Medicine Park Hotel and Annex
4334:First State Bank of Indiahoma
4271:Blockhouse on Signal Mountain
3801:Fort Sill ~ Images of America
3739:"The Frontier Forts of Texas"
3544:[Indian Territory Forts:
3328:Mitchell, Sara Brown (1950).
3151:– via Internet Archive.
2999:– via Internet Archive.
2938:– via Internet Archive.
2911:– via Internet Archive.
2884:– via Internet Archive.
2843:– via Internet Archive.
2816:– via Internet Archive.
2624:Fly, Camillus Sidney (1886).
2403:U.S. National Park Service ~
1735:U.S. National Park Service ~
1598:Veenendaal, Jr., Augustus J.
1568:"Fort Sill, Indian Territory"
1276:
831:Remington Rolling Block rifle
795:located near the vicinity of
659:occurring on May 18, 1871 in
260:Kiowa-Comanche-Apache Opening
206:Blockhouse on Signal Mountain
132:Blockhouse on Signal Mountain
57:Blockhouse on Signal Mountain
32:Blockhouse on Signal Mountain
4397:Lawton National Guard Armory
4007:Return of the American Bison
3791:Smithsonian Magazine History
3468:Monahan, Forrest D. (1967).
3330:"The Early Days of Anadarko"
1058:American Indian assimilation
729:Roger Mills County, Oklahoma
628:Camp Supply Conflict of 1870
393:communications served as an
21:United States historic place
7:
4062:"Fort Smith-Santa Fe Trail"
3363:Cooper, Charles M. (1957).
2632:. U.S. Library of Congress.
2181:"American Indian Relations"
1913:The Portal to Texas History
1111:
1041:Fort Sill's Post Guardhouse
763:or to a greater extent the
727:and the east coordinate of
576:During the commencement of
567:United States Supreme Court
10:
4574:
4407:Methodist Episcopal Church
4041:Signal Mountain Blockhouse
3793:. Smithsonian Institution.
3757:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3709:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3621:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3586:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3579:Fischer, LeRoy H. (1975).
3551:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3475:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3440:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3405:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3398:Griswold, Gillett (1958).
3370:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3335:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3300:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3265:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3230:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
3198:Rister, Carl Coke (1929).
3062:HathiTrust Digital Library
3004:Brown, John Henry (1890).
2953:HathiTrust Digital Library
2848:Allen, Joel Asaph (1876).
2589:Return of the Horse Nation
2513:HathiTrust Digital Library
2367:Texas Historic Sites Atlas
2313:Texas Historic Sites Atlas
2239:Texas Historic Sites Atlas
2221:Kiowas Besiege Wagon Train
2166:Texas Historic Sites Atlas
1817:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
1776:The Chronicles of Oklahoma
1769:Taylor, Morris F. (1973).
1719:. Smithsonian Institution.
1658:Texas Historic Sites Atlas
1587:HathiTrust Digital Library
1426:HathiTrust Digital Library
864:
341:telegraphic communications
306:meteorological observatory
4456:
4438:
4420:
4342:
4324:
4296:General Officers Quarters
4256:
4238:
4227:
4186:
4180:Comanche County, Oklahoma
3846:. The Signal Corps. 1941.
3798:Megehee, Mark K. (2018).
3056:Baird, George W. (1891).
2103:Fort Supply Historic Site
1933:. WorthPoint Corporation.
410:Westward Expansion Trails
406:transcontinental railroad
231:Medicine Bluffs, ca. 1895
195:
183:NRHP reference
182:
167:
152:
144:
98:
88:
62:
50:
46:
37:
30:
26:
4221:Quanah Parker Star House
4138:Handbook of Texas Online
4090:Monteith, James (1878).
3702:Haes, Brenda L. (2000).
3433:Johze, Benedick (1961).
2797:Commerce of the Prairies
2680:"Geronimo's Guard House"
2571:Handbook of Texas Online
2494:Handbook of Texas Online
2295:Handbook of Texas Online
2185:Handbook of Texas Online
1990:Handbook of Texas Online
1810:Motes, Kevin D. (2013).
1677:Handbook of Texas Online
1673:"Enchanted Rock Legends"
785:Peopling of the Americas
723:within the proximity of
327:positioned north of the
3737:Woolley, Bryan (2004).
3686:Barnett, LeRoy (1979).
3258:Foreman, Grant (1941).
3076:2027/mdp.39015007006300
2960:Welsh, Herbert (1887).
2521:2027/uc1.31822042768432
1953:The Dallas Morning News
1671:Kohout, Martin Donell.
1434:2027/hvd.32044103137097
1352:Oklahoma Senate Artwork
1269:William Temple Hornaday
1254:Charles "Buffalo" Jones
1232:Indian Peace Commission
1118:George Armstrong Custer
888:within the vicinity of
871:Geronimo Surrender Site
657:Warren Wagon Train raid
404:while safeguarding the
395:intelligence assessment
314:military communications
218:administrative division
4412:Old Lawton High School
4382:First Christian Church
3985:Hunting Buffalo (1910)
3293:Schmitt, Karl (1950).
3223:Hume, C. Ross (1938).
3129:Cook, John R. (1907).
3091:Mooney, James (1898).
2794:Gregg, Josiah (1855).
2644:"Apache Incarceration"
2567:"Sharps Buffalo Rifle"
2199:"Captain Wyllys Lyman"
2045:"Texas Frontier Forts"
1691:"Comanches and Horses"
1383:Rand, Jacki Thompson.
1249:American Bison Society
1108:on November 29, 1978.
867:Fort Sill Apache Tribe
857:
835:Springfield model 1873
801:Cooper Bison Kill Site
779:the perception of the
639:conduct a skirmish at
467:elevation features an
343:on June 23, 1875 with
232:
148:15 acres (6.1 ha)
2223:. Fort Tours Systems.
1695:National Park Service
1143:William Babcock Hazen
1106:National Park Service
890:Mount Vernon, Alabama
886:Mount Vernon Barracks
855:
843:Winchester model 1876
797:Fort Supply, Oklahoma
741:Southern Great Plains
505:Southwestern Oklahoma
477:American Indian horse
372:optical communication
252:Medicine Lodge Treaty
237:United States Cavalry
230:
121:34.67433°N 98.49058°W
4367:Central Fire Station
4132:Carroll, H. Bailey.
4112:Fort Benton, Montana
4081:. Washington, D.C.:
4043:at Wikimedia Commons
3750:Beemer, Rod (2012).
3067:The Century Magazine
2291:"Lyman's Wagontrain"
2289:Anderson, H. Allen.
2179:Dickerson, W. E .S.
1986:"Salt Creek Prairie"
1459:Geonames.org (cc-by)
1402:Kracht, Benjamin R.
1264:Ernest Harold Baynes
799:became known as the
697:North Fork Red River
604:of forts throughout
598:Army on the Frontier
551:Buffalo Hunters' War
387:information exchange
370:communications. The
368:electric telegraphic
291:American Indian Wars
4402:Mahoney-Clark House
3996:People of the Bison
3833:Video media archive
2717:"Curtis Act (1898)"
2548:CenteroftheWest.org
2509:"Buffalo Bone Days"
2217:"Lyman Wagon Train"
1470:Hughes, Michael A.
1153:Ranald S. Mackenzie
1128:Richard Henry Pratt
1007:Theodore Roosevelt
985:Theodore Roosevelt
849:from 1870 to 1890.
793:archaeological site
789:precontact Oklahoma
719:transpiring in the
661:Young County, Texas
536:Sheridan's campaign
469:area reconnaissance
465:geology of Oklahoma
444:of the progressive
289:foraged during the
241:mixed grass prairie
172:Fort Sill, Oklahoma
126:34.67433; -98.49058
116: /
4276:Camp Comanche Site
3695:SHSND Publications
3162:Mangum Sun-Monitor
2765:NPGallery HRHP PDF
2725:Curtis Act of 1898
2607:"Post Apache Wars"
2469:Bement, Leland C.
2450:Brooks, Robert L.
1354:. Oklahoma Senate.
990:February 18, 1904
946:February 12, 1895
910:Date of Enactment
858:
816:westward expansion
777:radiocarbon dating
489:shortgrass prairie
438:Reconstruction era
233:
4472:
4471:
4448:Meers Mining Camp
4392:Gore Pit District
4301:Indian Cemeteries
4121:"California Road"
4051:Works related to
4039:Media related to
3829:
3828:
3365:"The Big Pasture"
3036:Colonel Jack Hays
2698:"Old Guard House"
2662:"Post Guardhouse"
2381:"Historic Trails"
1539:"Medicine Bluffs"
1511:"Signal Mountain"
1346:Vaupel, Barbara.
1327:Dinges, Bruce J.
1133:Benjamin Grierson
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1054:military stockade
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
963:Grover Cleveland
941:Grover Cleveland
916:Statute Citation
882:Department of War
820:American railroad
769:Upper Paleolithic
669:TexasâIndian wars
596:expeditions. The
594:American frontier
584:tribes organized
528:
527:
485:Oklahoma red beds
399:Wichita Mountains
352:Army Signal Corps
339:observations and
304:was settled as a
295:American frontier
276:Wichita Mountains
235:In May 1868, the
203:
202:
199:November 29, 1978
4565:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4480:
4362:Carnegie Library
4233:
4169:
4162:
4155:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4134:"Santa Fe Trail"
4128:
4119:Okamura, Ryoko.
4115:
4099:
4086:
4069:
4066:Internet Archive
4050:
4038:
4019:
4008:
3997:
3986:
3975:
3969:
3958:Internet Archive
3944:
3926:
3915:
3904:
3893:
3882:
3871:
3853:
3847:
3844:Internet Archive
3823:
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3781:
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3733:
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3359:
3324:
3289:
3254:
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3194:
3181:
3152:
3125:
3112:
3101:Ankopaaingyadete
3097:Internet Archive
3087:
3052:
3029:
3010:Internet Archive
3000:
2981:
2966:Internet Archive
2956:
2939:
2912:
2885:
2844:
2817:
2781:
2780:
2769:
2768:
2762:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2735:
2729:
2728:
2715:Tatro, M. Kaye.
2712:
2706:
2705:
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2670:
2669:
2658:
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2575:
2574:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2488:Smith, Ralph A.
2485:
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2466:
2460:
2459:
2447:
2441:
2440:
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2410:
2409:
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2195:
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2132:
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2014:
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1994:
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1981:
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1963:
1957:
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1300:
1299:
1287:
1227:James M. Haworth
1075:
1074:
1064:
1063:
1029:William H. Taft
1012:August 24, 1912
907:
896:
895:
878:Acts of Congress
829:, including the
781:great bison belt
765:folsom tradition
614:American pioneer
606:Indian Territory
515:
514:
458:Indian Territory
427:manifest destiny
302:observation post
186:
163:
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140:
139:
137:
136:
135:
133:
128:
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117:
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93:Lawton, Oklahoma
78:
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71:
55:
24:
23:
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4416:
4372:Douglass School
4338:
4320:
4306:Medicine Bluffs
4252:
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4225:
4182:
4173:
4102:
4060:
4031:
4017:
4006:
3995:
3984:
3973:
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3891:
3880:
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3517:
2947:Apache Campaign
2866:
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2604:
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2578:
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2559:
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2536:
2505:
2501:
2490:"Bone Business"
2486:
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2397:
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2026:
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2021:
2017:
2002:
2001:
1997:
1984:King, Steve M.
1982:
1978:
1965:
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1960:
1943:
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1938:
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1920:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1890:
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1455:Signal Mountain
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1195:California Road
1148:Philip Sheridan
1123:George B. Davis
1114:
1098:
1093:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1069:
1043:
1038:
924:August 6, 1894
913:Public Law No.
901:
874:
863:
749:
721:Texas Panhandle
677:
653:
645:Cherokee Outlet
630:
582:Southern Plains
561:bewildered the
524:
523:
522:
513:
425:disrupting the
378:along a visual
222:Comanche County
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4030:
4029:External links
4027:
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3662:978-0941498081
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3546:Charnel Houses
3537:
3516:978-0806187181
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1995:
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1709:Catlin, George
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1329:"Camp Wichita"
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1158:Joshua W. Sill
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753:Bison antiquus
748:
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733:Plains Indians
676:
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649:
629:
626:
569:case known as
563:Plains Indians
526:
525:
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518:
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417:Plains Indians
356:flag semaphore
345:meteorological
329:Canadian River
325:geographically
318:Mountain Scott
310:signal station
208:is within the
201:
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4206:Buffalo Lodge
4204:
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4201:Boulder Cabin
4199:
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4196:Arrastra Site
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2471:"Cooper Site"
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2175:
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2157:
2149:
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2137:
2131:
2123:
2119:
2118:"Fort Supply"
2112:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2050:
2046:
2040:
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2025:
2019:
2011:
2010:
2005:
1999:
1991:
1987:
1980:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1954:
1950:
1946:
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1932:
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1855:CourtListener
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1637:
1636:"Old Redoubt"
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1168:Fort Arbuckle
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1141:
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1138:Hugh L. Scott
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828:
827:Buffalo rifle
823:
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809:
804:
802:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
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770:
766:
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757:Paleo-Indians
754:
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742:
738:
737:Red River War
734:
730:
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713:
711:
707:
703:
698:
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693:Washita River
690:
686:
682:
672:
670:
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665:Comanche Wars
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638:
634:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
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603:
599:
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590:supply trains
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583:
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555:Red River War
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541:
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517:
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508:
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503:lands within
502:
498:
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481:bison hunting
478:
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461:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
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429:of westbound
428:
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421:
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411:
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388:
384:
383:line of sight
381:
380:topographical
377:
376:visible light
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287:fortification
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198:
196:Added to NRHP
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101:
97:
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61:
54:
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36:
29:
25:
19:
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4281:Chiefs Knoll
4270:
4216:Ingram House
4137:
4124:
4107:
4095:
4078:
4065:
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4021:playlist on
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