154:
906:
31:
93:
They are created by a stream flowing within the permeable rock and eroding it from within, until the rock above collapses opening up a steep narrow valley which is then further eroded by the stream running across the impermeable valley floor. At the head of the valley the stream emerges from the
84:
at their lower ends. If the ponor cannot contain the high runoff during a flood event an intermittent flow may continue through the valley beyond the sink. Such a landform is called a semi-blind or half-blind valley.
298:
947:
291:
198:
257:
940:
284:
17:
966:
107:
417:
981:
933:
971:
224:
Underground Rivers: From the River Styx to the Rio San
Buenaventura, with occasional diversions
222:
188:
320:
159:
887:
723:
921:
8:
612:
445:
103:
65:
landscapes, where a layer of permeable rock lies above an impermeable substrate such as
807:
763:
713:
622:
587:
253:
194:
976:
842:
738:
607:
539:
812:
733:
718:
672:
652:
339:
247:
917:
657:
354:
134:
122:
95:
960:
743:
577:
276:
118:
728:
425:
139:
507:
502:
465:
913:
708:
627:
455:
167:
81:
862:
753:
703:
662:
572:
529:
392:
371:
58:
905:
822:
786:
776:
667:
349:
311:
74:
69:. Water flowing through a steephead valley leaves via one or more
30:
547:
748:
688:
642:
632:
567:
477:
361:
872:
857:
852:
817:
791:
771:
693:
647:
637:
552:
524:
514:
492:
435:
407:
402:
376:
121:, blind valleys (the preferred American term) are found in the
111:
99:
54:
847:
837:
827:
698:
617:
597:
562:
557:
519:
497:
482:
472:
450:
430:
397:
366:
334:
307:
70:
62:
867:
781:
487:
460:
440:
344:
66:
832:
602:
57:
with an abrupt ending. Such closed valleys may arise in
186:
94:
rock as a spring. Notable examples can be found in the
149:
958:
306:
187:Gutiérrez, Francisco; Mateo Gutiérrez (2016).
941:
292:
190:Landforms of the Earth: An Illustrated Guide
948:
934:
299:
285:
106:and the Reculée d'Arbois with its head at
29:
245:
14:
959:
220:
102:, for example the Reculée de Baume at
280:
214:
900:
180:
24:
239:
25:
993:
252:. Psychology Press. p. 152.
53:is a deep, narrow, flat bottomed
904:
152:
88:
13:
1:
249:Fundamentals of Geomorphology
227:. Richard Heggen. p. 647
173:
920:. You can help Knowledge by
246:Huggett, Richard J. (2003).
80:Blind valleys are typically
7:
145:
128:
10:
998:
899:
885:
912:This article related to
881:
800:
762:
681:
586:
538:
416:
385:
327:
318:
125:and other karst regions.
221:Heggen, Richard (2015).
193:. Springer. p. 68.
108:Les Planches-près-Arbois
38:
160:Earth sciences portal
33:
888:Geographical feature
724:Volcanic crater lake
104:Baume-les-Messieurs
967:Canyons and gorges
39:
929:
928:
897:
896:
808:Artificial island
714:Submarine volcano
623:Continental shelf
590:coastal landforms
386:Continental plain
321:List of landforms
16:(Redirected from
989:
982:Topography stubs
950:
943:
936:
908:
901:
843:Land reclamation
739:Volcanic plateau
301:
294:
287:
278:
277:
271:
270:
268:
266:
243:
237:
236:
234:
232:
218:
212:
211:
209:
207:
184:
162:
157:
156:
155:
110:and its exit at
43:steephead valley
36:Reculée de Baume
21:
997:
996:
992:
991:
990:
988:
987:
986:
957:
956:
955:
954:
898:
893:
890:
877:
813:Artificial reef
796:
758:
734:Volcanic island
719:Volcanic crater
677:
673:Volcanic island
653:Mid-ocean ridge
589:
582:
534:
412:
381:
323:
314:
305:
275:
274:
264:
262:
260:
244:
240:
230:
228:
219:
215:
205:
203:
201:
185:
181:
176:
158:
153:
151:
148:
131:
91:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
995:
985:
984:
979:
974:
969:
953:
952:
945:
938:
930:
927:
926:
909:
895:
894:
892:
891:
882:
879:
878:
876:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
804:
802:
798:
797:
795:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
768:
766:
760:
759:
757:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
685:
683:
679:
678:
676:
675:
670:
665:
660:
658:Oceanic trench
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
594:
592:
584:
583:
581:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
544:
542:
536:
535:
533:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
511:
510:
505:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
469:
468:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
422:
420:
414:
413:
411:
410:
405:
400:
395:
389:
387:
383:
382:
380:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
358:
357:
347:
342:
337:
331:
329:
325:
324:
319:
316:
315:
304:
303:
296:
289:
281:
273:
272:
258:
238:
213:
199:
178:
177:
175:
172:
171:
170:
164:
163:
147:
144:
143:
142:
137:
130:
127:
123:Driftless Area
90:
87:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
994:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
972:Geomorphology
970:
968:
965:
964:
962:
951:
946:
944:
939:
937:
932:
931:
925:
923:
919:
915:
910:
907:
903:
902:
889:
884:
883:
880:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
805:
803:
799:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
769:
767:
765:
761:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
744:Volcanic plug
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
686:
684:
680:
674:
671:
669:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
641:
639:
636:
634:
631:
629:
626:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
595:
593:
591:
585:
579:
578:Tunnel valley
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
545:
543:
541:
537:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
509:
506:
504:
501:
500:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
467:
464:
463:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
423:
421:
419:
415:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
390:
388:
384:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
356:
353:
352:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
336:
333:
332:
330:
326:
322:
317:
313:
309:
302:
297:
295:
290:
288:
283:
282:
279:
261:
255:
251:
250:
242:
226:
225:
217:
202:
200:9783319269474
196:
192:
191:
183:
179:
169:
166:
165:
161:
150:
141:
138:
136:
133:
132:
126:
124:
120:
119:North America
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
86:
83:
78:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
37:
32:
19:
922:expanding it
911:
729:Volcanic dam
426:Alluvial fan
263:. Retrieved
248:
241:
229:. Retrieved
223:
216:
204:. Retrieved
189:
182:
140:Gara Medouar
116:
92:
79:
51:blind valley
50:
46:
42:
40:
35:
18:Blind valley
588:Oceanic and
328:Mountainous
265:26 November
231:26 November
206:26 November
89:Development
961:Categories
914:topography
886:See also:
801:Artificial
709:Lava field
628:Coral reef
456:Floodplain
259:0415241464
174:References
168:Box canyon
98:region of
863:Reservoir
754:Wall rock
704:Lava dome
663:Peninsula
573:Ice field
530:Waterfall
393:Ice sheet
372:Tableland
312:landforms
135:Tasghîmût
75:sinkholes
59:limestone
47:steephead
823:Building
787:Sandhill
777:Dry lake
682:Volcanic
668:Seamount
350:Mountain
146:See also
129:Examples
27:Landform
977:Valleys
764:Aeolian
749:Volcano
689:Caldera
643:Isthmus
633:Estuary
613:Channel
568:Glacier
540:Glacial
478:Meander
446:Channel
418:Fluvial
362:Plateau
873:Tunnel
858:Quarry
853:Polder
818:Bridge
792:Tundra
772:Desert
694:Geyser
648:Lagoon
638:Island
553:Cirque
525:Valley
515:Strait
493:Rapids
466:island
436:Canyon
408:Tundra
403:Steppe
377:Valley
256:
197:
112:Arbois
100:France
71:ponors
55:valley
916:is a
848:Levee
838:Ditch
828:Canal
699:Guyot
618:Coast
598:Atoll
563:Fjord
558:Esker
548:Arête
520:Swamp
508:mouth
503:delta
498:River
483:Oasis
473:Levee
451:Cliff
431:Beach
398:Plain
367:Ridge
355:range
335:Butte
308:Earth
63:karst
918:stub
868:Road
782:Dune
608:Cape
488:Pond
461:Lake
441:Cave
345:Hill
340:Flat
267:2016
254:ISBN
233:2016
208:2016
195:ISBN
96:Jura
67:marl
34:The
833:Dam
603:Bay
310:'s
117:In
82:dry
73:or
61:or
49:or
963::
114:.
77:.
45:,
41:A
949:e
942:t
935:v
924:.
300:e
293:t
286:v
269:.
235:.
210:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
