508:, an alcoholic Oxford Group member. Wilson explained Silkworth's theory that alcoholics suffer from a physical allergy and a mental obsession. Wilson shared that the only way he was able to stay sober was through having had a spiritual experience. Smith was familiar with the tenets of the Oxford Group, and upon hearing of Wilson's experience, "began to pursue the spiritual remedy for his malady with a willingness that he had never before been able to muster. After a brief relapse, he sobered, never to drink again..." Wilson and Smith began working with other alcoholics. After that summer in Akron, Wilson returned to New York where he began having success helping alcoholics in what they called "a nameless squad of drunks" in an Oxford Group there.
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suffered. Bill is quoted as saying: "It is a generally acknowledged fact in spiritual development that ego reduction makes the influx of God's grace possible. If, therefore, under LSD we can have a temporary reduction, so that we can better see what we are and where we are going – well, that might be of some help. The goal might become clearer. So I consider LSD to be of some value to some people, and practically no damage to anyone. It will never take the place of any of the existing means by which we can reduce the ego, and keep it reduced." Wilson felt that regular usage of LSD in a carefully controlled, structured setting would be beneficial for many recovering
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696:. Wilson was impressed with experiments indicating that alcoholics who were given niacin had a better sobriety rate, and he began to see niacin "as completing the third leg in the stool, the physical to complement the spiritual and emotional". Wilson also believed that niacin had given him relief from depression, and he promoted the vitamin within the AA community and with the National Institute of Mental Health as a treatment for schizophrenia. However, Wilson created a major furor in AA because he used the AA office and letterhead in his promotion.
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463:. Silkworth's theory was that alcoholism was a matter of both physical and mental control: a craving, the manifestation of a physical allergy (the physical inability to stop drinking once started), and an obsession of the mind (to take the first drink). Wilson gained hope from Silkworth's assertion that alcoholism was a medical condition, but even that knowledge could not help him. He was eventually told that he would either die from his alcoholism or have to be locked up permanently due to
448:. After his military service, he returned to live with his wife in New York. He failed to graduate from law school because he was too drunk to pick up his diploma. Wilson became a stock speculator and had success traveling the country with his wife, evaluating companies for potential investors. During these trips, Lois had a hidden agenda: she hoped that the travel would keep Wilson from drinking. However, Wilson's constant drinking made business impossible and ruined his reputation.
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714:, he felt that spirits were helping him, in particular a 15th-century monk named Boniface. Despite his conviction that he had evidence for the reality of the spirit world, Wilson chose not to share this with AA. However, his practices still created controversy within the AA membership. Wilson and his wife continued with their unusual practices in spite of the misgivings of many AA members. In their house they had a "spook room" where they would invite guests to participate in
497:, which causes hallucinations. According to Wilson, while lying in bed depressed and despairing, he cried out, "I'll do anything! Anything at all! If there be a God, let Him show Himself!" He then had the sensation of a bright light, a feeling of ecstasy, and a new serenity. He never drank again for the rest of his life. Wilson described his experience to Silkworth, who told him, "Something has happened to you I don't understand. But you had better hang on to it".
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376:, the son of Emily (née Griffith) and Gilman Barrows Wilson. He was born at his parents' home and business, the Mount Aeolus Inn and Tavern. His sister, Dorothy, was born in 1898. His paternal grandfather, William C. Wilson, a hotelier and second-generation marble worker, was also an alcoholic. Influenced by the preaching of an itinerant evangelist, some weeks before, William C. Wilson climbed to the top of
529:, (a set of spiritual guidelines to ensure the survival of individual AA groups) in his foreword to the original edition; later, Traditions One, Two, and Ten were clearly specified when all twelve statements were published. The AA general service conference of 1955 was a landmark event for Wilson in which he turned over the leadership of the maturing organization to an elected board.
745:. Wilson's persistence, his ability to take and use good ideas, and his entrepreneurial flair are revealed in his pioneering escape from an alcoholic "death sentence", his central role in the development of a program of spiritual growth, and his leadership in creating and building AA, "an independent, entrepreneurial, maddeningly democratic, non-profit organization".
656:, praising the results and recommending it as a validation of Jung's spiritual experience. (The letter was not in fact sent as Jung had died.) According to Wilson, the session allowed him to re-experience a spontaneous spiritual experience he had had years before, which had enabled him to overcome his own alcoholism.
418:, but depression and panic attacks forced him to leave during his second semester. The next year he returned, but he was soon suspended with a group of students involved in a hazing incident. No one would take responsibility, and no one would identify the perpetrators, so the entire class was punished.
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of anonymity, Wilson is commonly known as "Bill W." or "Bill". To identify each other, members of AA will sometimes ask others if they are "friends of Bill". After Wilson's death, and amidst controversy within the fellowship, his full name was included in obituaries by journalists who were unaware of
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Wilson strongly advocated that AA groups have not the "slightest reform or political complexion". In 1946, he wrote "No AA group or members should ever, in such a way as to implicate AA, express any opinion on outside controversial issues – particularly those of politics, alcohol reform or sectarian
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Francis
Hartigan, biographer of Bill Wilson and personal secretary to Lois Wilson in her later years, wrote that in the mid-1950s Bill began a fifteen-year affair with Helen Wynn, a woman 18 years his junior whom he met through AA. Hartigan also asserts that this relationship was preceded by other
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Bill was enthusiastic about his experience; he felt it helped him eliminate many barriers erected by the self, or ego, that stand in the way of one's direct experience of the cosmos and of God. He thought he might have found something that could make a big difference to the lives of many who still
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In 1957, Wilson wrote a letter to Heard saying: "I am certain that the LSD experiment has helped me very much. I find myself with a heightened colour perception and an appreciation of beauty almost destroyed by my years of depressions." Most AAs were strongly opposed to his experimenting with a
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100 List of The Most
Important People of the 20th Century". Wilson's self-description was a man who, "because of his bitter experience, discovered, slowly and through a conversion experience, a system of behavior and a series of actions that work for alcoholics who want to stop drinking."
859:, the song "Hey, Hey, AA" references Bill's encounter with Ebby Thatcher which started him on the path to recovery and eventually the creation of Alcoholics Anonymous. The lyric reads, "Ebby T. comes strolling in. Bill says, 'Fine, you're a friend of mine. Don't mind if I drink my gin.
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tank in the late 1960s. While notes written by nurse James
Dannenberg say that Bill Wilson asked for whiskey four times (December 25, 1970, January 2, 1971, January 8, 1971, and January 14, 1971) in his final month of living, he drank no alcohol for the final 36 years of his life.
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and felt at ease with the guests and liberated from his awkward shyness. "I had found the elixir of life", he wrote. "Even that first evening I got thoroughly drunk, and within the next time or two I passed out completely. But as everyone drank hard, not too much was made of that."
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Wilson became the captain of his high school's football team, and the principal violinist in its orchestra. He dealt with a serious bout of depression at the age of 17, following the death of his first love, Bertha
Bamford, who died of complications from surgery.
855:'s song "Thanks Bill" is dedicated to Bill W. since lead singer Kristian Dunn's wife got sober due to AA. He states "If she hadn't gotten sober we probably wouldn't be together, so that's my thank you to Bill Wilson who invented AA". In Michael Graubart's
493:. There, Bill W had a "White Light" spiritual experience and quit drinking. Earlier that evening, Thacher had visited and tried to persuade him to turn himself over to the care of a Christian deity who would liberate him from alcohol. He was also given
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Historian Ernest Kurtz was skeptical of the veracity of the reports of Wilson's womanizing. He judged that the reports were traceable to a single person, Tom Powers, a formerly close friend of Wilson's with whom he had a falling-out in the mid-1950s.
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489:. Wilson took some interest in the group, but shortly after Thacher's visit, he was again admitted to Towns Hospital to recover from a bout of drinking. This was his fourth and last stay at Towns under Silkworth's care and he showed signs of
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During the last years of his life, Wilson rarely attended AA meetings to avoid being asked to speak as the co-founder rather than as an alcoholic. A heavy smoker, Wilson eventually suffered from
504:, Wilson was tempted to drink again and decided that to remain sober he needed to help another alcoholic. He called phone numbers in a church directory and eventually secured an introduction to
432:, the young officers were often invited to dinner by the locals, and Wilson had his first drink, a glass of beer with little effect. A few weeks later at another dinner party, he drank some
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mind-altering substance. Wilson continued his use of LSD well into the 1960s, convincing his wife, his secretary, and his spiritual advisor to try it with him. He even wrote letters to
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Wilson is perhaps best known as a synthesizer of ideas, the man who pulled together various threads of psychology, theology, and democracy into a workable and life-saving system.
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Wilson has often been described as having loved being the center of attention, but after the AA principle of anonymity had become established, he refused an honorary degree from
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religion. The
Alcoholics Anonymous groups oppose no one. Concerning such matters they can express no views whatever." Reworded, this became AA's "Tradition 10".
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Wilson joined the Oxford Group and tried to help other alcoholics. They did not get sober, but Wilson kept sober himself. During a failed business trip to
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Wilson's sobriety from alcohol, which he maintained until his death, began
December 11, 1934. In 1955, Wilson turned over control of AA to a board of
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fellowship with about two million members worldwide belonging to AA groups, associations, organizations, cooperatives, and fellowships of
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Faberman, J. & Geller, J. L. (January 2005). "My Name is Bill: Bill Wilson – His life and the
Creation of Alcoholics Anonymous".
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marital infidelities. Wilson arranged in 1963 to leave 10% of his book royalties to Helen Wynn, and the rest to his wife Lois.
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during the summer of 1913 while sailing on
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was a lifelong interest. One of his letters to adviser Father
Dowling suggests that while Wilson was working on his book
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In 1938, after about 100 alcoholics in Akron and New York had become sober, the 'fellowship' decided to promote
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through the publication of a book, for which Wilson was chosen as primary author. The book was given the title
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Personal letters between Wilson and Lois spanning a period of more than 60 years are kept in the archives at
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Bill W.: The absorbing and deeply moving life story of Bill Wilson, co-founder of
Alcoholics Anonymous
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Wilson, his wife Lois, and the formation of AA, have been the subject of numerous projects, including
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Alcoholics Anonymous. The Story of How Many Thousands of Men and Women Have Recovered from Alcoholism
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Bill Wilson "The Best of Bill: Reflections on Faith, Fear, Honesty, Humility, and Love" pp. 94–95
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Pass It On': The Story of Bill Wilson and How the A. A. Message Reached the World. pp. 370–371.
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In 2021, Alcoholics Anonymous reported having over 120,000 registered local groups and over 1.9
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The Soul of Sponsorship: The Friendship of Fr. Ed Dowling, S.J. and Bill Wilson in Letters
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for his portrayal of Wilson. He was depicted in a 2010 TV movie based on Lois' life,
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Wilson's father left for Canada in 1905, and his mother left soon after to study
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Pass It On: The story of Bill Wilson and how the A.A. message reached the world
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My Name is Bill, Bill Wilson: His Life and the Creation of Alcoholics Anonymous
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My Name Is Bill: Bill Wilson—His Life and the Creation of Alcoholics Anonymous
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Slaying the Dragon: The History of Addiction Treatment and Recovery in America
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My First 40 Years. An Autobiography by the Cofounder of Alcoholics Anonymous
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visited High Watch Farm in Kent, CT. They would go on to found what is now
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Bill W. : a biography of Alcoholics Anonymous cofounder Bill Wilson
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Bill W. : a biography of Alcoholics Anonymous cofounder Bill Wilson
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Bill W. : a biography of Alcoholics Anonymous cofounder Bill Wilson
1117:. Bloomington, Illinois: Chestnut Health Systems Publishing. p. 137
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The A.A. Service Manual combined with Twelve Concepts for World Service
1864:"Bill W. and His LSD Experiences, Part 2 | Faith Seeking Understanding"
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in June 1916 resulted in Wilson's class being mobilized as part of the
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A Biography of Mrs. Marty Mann: The First Lady of Alcoholics Anonymous
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and refused to allow his picture, even from the back, on the cover of
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Bill W.: My First 40 Years: An Autobiography by the Co-founder of AA
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The Conversion of Bill W.: More on the Creator's Role in Early A.A.
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1181:. New York, New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Service, Inc. 1984
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In November 1934, Wilson was visited by an old drinking companion,
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the significance of maintaining anonymity within the organization.
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1239:. Hazelden Information & Educational Services. pp. 5–10.
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Bill W. A Biography of Alcoholics Anonymous Cofounder Bill Wilson
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Are we making the most of Alcoholics Anonymous? Peter Armstrong.
1949:. Hazelden Educational Foundation, Center City, MN, 1979. p. 136.
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SMF-132 Estimated Worldwide A.A. Individual and Group Membership
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Bill W. and Mr. Wilson: The Legend and Life of A.A.'s Cofounder
1087:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 40–48, 65, 72–75, 117–137, 318.
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called him "the greatest social architect of our century", and
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2038:"Alcoholics Anonymous Founder's House Is a Self-Help Landmark"
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LSD could help alcoholics stop drinking, AA founder believed
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and learned about the potential mood-stabilizing effects of
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2205:. New York: Simon & Schuster/ Washington Square Press.
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1571:"AA History – The 12 Traditions, AA Grapevine April, 1946"
1544:. Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, Inc. Archived from
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1971:. 1st U.S. ed. New York : Thomas Dunne Books, 2002.
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1919:. Hazelden Publishing & Educational Services: 1995.
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from smoking tobacco complicated by pneumonia. In 1999,
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Alcoholics Anonymous "The Big Book" 4th edition p. 13
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The Language of the Heart: Bill W.'s Grapevine Writings
830:, adapted from a 2005 book of the same name written by
2293:. Kihei, Hawaii: Paradise Research Publications, Inc.
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A.A. Service Manual/Twelve Concepts for World Services
293:(November 26, 1895 – January 24, 1971), also known as
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Bill Wilson's headstone in the East Dorset Cemetery
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2883:100: The Most Important People of the 20th Century
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1338:Alcoholics Anonymous World Services, Inc. (1984),
1315:"The Most Important People of the 20th Century".)
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1437:"An Alcoholic's Savior: God, Belladonna or Both?"
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2137:"El Ten Eleven 'Thanks Bill' At: Guitar Center"
2055:"Interior Designates 27 New National Landmarks"
2812:When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story
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2081:When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story
1422:Pittman, Bill "AA the Way it Began pp. 163–165
1057:"Tales of Spiritual Experience | AA Agnostica"
827:When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story
778:Wilson bought a house that he and Lois called
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320:helping other alcoholics achieve and maintain
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1818:"A Radical New Approach to Beating Addiction"
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1024:(23) June 14, 1999. Retrieved July 20, 2012.
455:Hospital for Drug and Alcohol Addictions in
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1892:(Interview). Interviewed by Andrew W. Saul.
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346:listed him as "Bill W.: The Healer" in the
16:Founder of Alcoholics Anonymous (1895–1971)
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2379:Not-God: A History of Alcoholics Anonymous
1990:The Journal of Addiction and Mental Health
1947:Not-God: A History of Alcoholics Anonymous
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2412:. New York: Alcoholics Anonymous. 1984.
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2334:. New York: Alcoholics Anonymous. 1980.
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2270:. New York: Alcoholics Anonymous. 1967.
2248:. New York: Alcoholics Anonymous. 1957.
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1517:"A model of self-reliance asks for help"
1494:. Center City, MN: Hazelden Publishing.
1012:"Heroes & Icons of the 20th Century"
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1392:"Alcoholics Anonymous" pp. xxiii–xxvi
1152:. Simon and Schuster. pp. 37–43.
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974:"Bill W. of Alcoholics Anonymous Dies"
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2312:. Center City, Minnesota: Hazelden.
1573:. Barefootsworld.net. Archived from
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788:National Register of Historic Places
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150:Salesman, military officer, activist
3705:People from Bedford Hills, New York
3685:American psychedelic drug advocates
1515:Libov, Charlotte (April 15, 1990).
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782:on an 8-acre (3 ha) estate in
734:million active members worldwide.
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2654:Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions
2484:Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions
2135:Guitar Center (February 4, 2013).
1969:Alcohol: The World's Favorite Drug
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878:Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions
711:Twelve Steps and Twelve Traditions
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2443:University of Massachusetts Press
2246:Alcoholics Anonymous Comes Of Age
1642:Von Drehle, David (May 3, 2004).
1435:Markel, Howard (April 19, 2010).
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3735:Vermont National Guard personnel
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2361:. New York: Thomas Dunne Books.
2192:(2015–2016 ed.). New York:
1887:"An Interview with Abram Hoffer"
1478:Big Book of Alcoholics Anonymous
473:A spiritual program for recovery
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180:
3024:Unknown Tiananmen Square rebel
2534:American Journal of Psychiatry
2330:Dr. Bob and the Good Oldtimers
2097:Linden, Sheri (May 18, 2012).
1853:The Guardian, August 23, 2012.
1727:. Macmillan. pp. 170 ff.
1700:. Macmillan. pp. 190 ff.
1101:
1049:
1027:
1005:
993:
965:
956:
406:Marriage, work, and alcoholism
1:
3715:People from Katonah, New York
2890:Leaders & revolutionaries
2466:New York: Harper & Rowe.
1764:– via Internet Archive.
1737:– via Internet Archive.
1710:– via Internet Archive.
962:"Alcoholics Anonymous" p. xix
950:
459:four times under the care of
356:
3720:Psychedelic drug researchers
2761:Disease theory of alcoholism
2435:Raphael, Matthew J. (2000).
1774:Schaberg, William A. (2019)
1205:. Simon and Schuster. 2010.
1146:"Chapter Seven: Mark Whalon"
365:Bill Wilson's birthplace in
7:
3725:United States Army officers
3710:People from Dorset, Vermont
2546:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.5.1037
2177:Sources and further reading
1632:Cheever, 2004, pp. 245–247.
1266:Harper & Row. pp.
913:
866:
820:as Bob Smith. Woods won an
601:Archives at Stepping Stones
444:as a 2nd lieutenant in the
10:
3751:
3041:Artists & entertainers
2441:. Amherst, Massachusetts:
2357:Hartigan, Francis (2000).
2225:(4th ed.). New York:
1754:. Macmillan. p. 193.
1748:Hartigan, Francis (2000).
1721:Hartigan, Francis (2000).
1694:Hartigan, Francis (2000).
792:National Historic Landmark
636:In the 1950s, Wilson used
588:Alleged marital infidelity
547:
538:High Watch Recovery Center
18:
3700:Norwich University alumni
3497:
3343:Scientists & thinkers
3342:
3191:
3040:
2889:
2828:
2789:
2738:
2677:
2640:
2609:
2591:
2528:Galanter, M. (May 2005).
2021:"Time 100 Most Important"
1992:5.1, Jan–Feb 2002. p. 16.
1936:Harigan, Francis, Bill W.
903:Bill W: My First 40 Years
725:
336:. Wilson died in 1971 of
284:
263:
253:
243:
235:
217:
199:
194:
190:
165:
154:
146:
136:
97:
78:
52:
47:Bill Wilson, date unknown
40:
33:
3675:Alcohol abuse counselors
2720:William Duncan Silkworth
2521:10.1176/appi.ps.56.1.117
2460:Thomsen, Robert (1975).
1443:– via NYTimes.com.
1260:Thomsen, Robert (1975).
1081:Thomsen, Robert (2010).
680:raving of its benefits.
461:William Duncan Silkworth
301:, was the co-founder of
1035:"Ancestry of 'Bill W.'"
759:named Wilson to their "
624:, their former home in
614:Bedford Hills, New York
513:its program of recovery
466:Wernicke encephalopathy
312:AA is an international
291:William Griffith Wilson
271:Pancho Villa Expedition
121:43.216638°N 73.015148°W
57:William Griffith Wilson
19:For the 2012 film, see
2954:Martin Luther King Jr.
2376:Kurtz, Ernest (1979).
2201:Susan Cheever (2005).
2001:Cheever, 2004, p. 122.
1225:"Pass It On" pp. 32–34
944:Substance use disorder
790:; it was designated a
617:
568:
426:Vermont National Guard
369:
326:AA's Twelfth Tradition
258:Vermont National Guard
3695:Deaths from emphysema
3192:Builders & titans
2996:Franklin D. Roosevelt
2151:"Sober Songs, Vol. 1"
1885:Abram Hoffer (2009).
1623:Raphael 2000, p. 167.
1490:Brown, David (2001).
1371:Cheever, 2004, p. 91.
1108:White, W. L. (1998).
810:Hallmark Hall of Fame
608:
566:
548:Further information:
364:
126:43.216638; -73.015148
3680:Alcoholics Anonymous
3333:Thomas J. Watson Jr.
2585:Alcoholics Anonymous
2509:Psychiatric Services
2490:Alcoholics Anonymous
2227:Alcoholics Anonymous
2194:Alcoholics Anonymous
2139:– via YouTube.
1776:Writing the Big Book
1683:on October 19, 2020.
1644:"One Page at a Time"
1466:Alcoholics Anonymous
1237:My Search For Bill W
873:Alcoholics Anonymous
532:In 1939, Wilson and
518:Alcoholics Anonymous
410:Wilson met his wife
385:osteopathic medicine
374:East Dorset, Vermont
367:East Dorset, Vermont
303:Alcoholics Anonymous
160:Alcoholics Anonymous
71:East Dorset, Vermont
3481:Ludwig Wittgenstein
3428:John Maynard Keynes
3200:Stephen Bechtel Sr.
2798:Bill W. and Dr. Bob
2766:Hazelden Foundation
2661:The Little Red Book
2155:Sober Songs, Vol. 1
1915:Robert Fitzgerald.
1671:"Hartigan, Francis"
1649:The Washington Post
921:Bill W. and Dr. Bob
838:as Lois Wilson and
834:. The film starred
832:William G. Borchert
632:Psychedelic therapy
394:By 1908 he had met
117: /
3690:Burials in Vermont
3601:Emmeline Pankhurst
3520:Lady Diana Spencer
3498:Heroes & icons
3284:Charles E. Merrill
3003:Theodore Roosevelt
2805:My Name Is Bill W.
2725:Rowland Hazard III
2161:on August 17, 2020
2061:. October 17, 2012
2042:The New York Times
2027:on March 20, 2005.
1967:Griffith Edwards.
1866:. November 3, 2020
1521:The New York Times
1441:The New York Times
1059:. January 19, 2020
979:The New York Times
938:Rowland Hazard III
883:A. A. Comes of Age
857:Sober Songs Vol. 1
812:TV movie starring
805:My Name Is Bill W.
798:In popular culture
618:
569:
416:Norwich University
370:
230:United States Army
141:Norwich University
3652:
3651:
3580:Charles Lindbergh
3513:The American G.I.
3407:Robert H. Goddard
3393:Alexander Fleming
3017:Margaret Thatcher
2989:Eleanor Roosevelt
2947:Ruhollah Khomeini
2940:Pope John Paul II
2919:Mikhail Gorbachev
2905:Winston Churchill
2846:
2845:
2756:Bill Wilson House
2622:Twelve Traditions
2285:B., Dick (2006).
2104:Los Angeles Times
2057:(Press release).
1902:Francis Hartigan
1794:Francis Hartigan
1577:on March 16, 2018
1551:on March 25, 2009
1212:978-1-61649-001-0
898:A. A. Way of Life
784:Katonah, New York
626:Katonah, New York
544:Political beliefs
527:Twelve Traditions
288:
287:
248:Second lieutenant
67:November 26, 1895
3742:
3645:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3617:
3610:
3603:
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3589:
3582:
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3529:
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3515:
3508:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3465:
3458:
3456:William Shockley
3451:
3444:
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3430:
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3416:
3409:
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3395:
3388:
3381:
3379:Philo Farnsworth
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3168:Steven Spielberg
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2900:
2898:David Ben-Gurion
2873:
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2859:
2850:
2849:
2836:
2835:
2781:Charles B. Towns
2771:The Oxford Group
2578:
2571:
2564:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2540:(5): 1037–1038.
2524:
2503:
2487:
2477:
2456:
2431:
2411:
2401:
2372:
2353:
2333:
2323:
2308:Bill W. (2000).
2304:
2292:
2281:
2269:
2259:
2240:
2216:
2197:
2191:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2157:. Archived from
2147:
2141:
2140:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2094:
2088:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2051:
2045:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2023:. Archived from
2017:
2011:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1993:
1986:
1980:
1965:
1959:
1956:
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1828:
1822:Psychology Today
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1766:
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1745:
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1718:
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1684:
1679:. Archived from
1676:encyclopedia.com
1667:
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1009:
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986:
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733:
491:delirium tremens
453:Charles B. Towns
228:
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210:
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184:
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82:January 24, 1971
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3634:
3629:Andrei Sakharov
3627:
3622:Jackie Robinson
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3571:
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3488:Wright brothers
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3426:
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3405:
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3372:Albert Einstein
3370:
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3358:Tim Berners-Lee
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3242:Amadeo Giannini
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3175:Igor Stravinsky
3173:
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3138:
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3112:Aretha Franklin
3110:
3103:
3096:
3089:
3084:Charlie Chaplin
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3049:Louis Armstrong
3047:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3010:Margaret Sanger
3008:
3001:
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2987:
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2903:
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2877:
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2785:
2776:Stepping Stones
2746:Al-Anon/Alateen
2734:
2673:
2636:
2632:Serenity Prayer
2605:
2587:
2582:
2552:
2500:
2480:
2474:
2453:
2420:
2404:
2390:
2369:
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2320:
2301:
2278:
2266:As Bill Sees It
2262:
2256:
2244:
2237:
2219:
2213:
2189:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2164:
2162:
2149:
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2144:
2131:Wayback Machine
2124:
2120:
2110:
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2091:
2078:
2074:
2064:
2062:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2044:. July 6, 2007.
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2018:
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1303:
1299:Cheever, p. 73.
1298:
1294:
1290:Raphael, p. 40.
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893:As Bill Sees It
869:
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816:as Bill W. and
800:
780:Stepping Stones
773:My Name Is Bill
739:Yale University
731:
728:
702:
686:
634:
622:Stepping Stones
610:Stepping Stones
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559:The final years
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434:Bronx cocktails
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183: 1918)
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3548:Edmund Hillary
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3298:Walter Reuther
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2012:
2010:Cheever, 1999.
2003:
1994:
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1945:Ernest Kurtz.
1938:
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1925:978-1568380841
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98:Resting place
96:
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55:
51:
44:
39:
32:
29:
25:
23:
3642:
3559:Helen Keller
3534:Billy Graham
3506:Muhammad Ali
3474:James Watson
3421:Edwin Hubble
3386:Enrico Fermi
3305:Pete Rozelle
3256:Estée Lauder
3154:Bart Simpson
3091:Le Corbusier
3056:Lucille Ball
2926:Adolf Hitler
2880:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2730:Ebby Thacher
2684:
2666:
2660:
2652:
2648:The Big Book
2627:Higher Power
2617:Twelve Steps
2537:
2533:
2512:
2508:
2488:. New York:
2483:
2462:
2437:
2407:
2378:
2358:
2329:
2309:
2288:
2265:
2245:
2241:('Big Book')
2221:
2202:
2185:
2163:. Retrieved
2159:the original
2154:
2145:
2127:Ghostarchive
2125:Archived at
2121:
2109:. Retrieved
2102:
2092:
2080:
2075:
2063:. Retrieved
2049:
2041:
2033:
2025:the original
2015:
2006:
1997:
1989:
1984:
1968:
1963:
1954:
1946:
1941:
1932:
1916:
1911:
1903:
1898:
1880:
1868:. Retrieved
1858:
1846:
1837:
1827:February 24,
1825:. Retrieved
1821:
1812:
1803:
1798:pp. 177–179.
1795:
1790:
1775:
1770:
1750:
1743:
1723:
1716:
1696:
1689:
1681:the original
1674:
1665:
1653:. Retrieved
1647:
1637:
1628:
1619:
1607:. Retrieved
1603:
1591:
1579:. Retrieved
1575:the original
1565:
1555:December 12,
1553:. Retrieved
1546:the original
1535:Wilson, Bill
1534:
1529:
1520:
1510:
1491:
1485:
1477:
1473:
1465:
1461:
1453:
1449:
1440:
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1401:
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1262:
1255:
1236:
1230:
1221:
1201:
1195:
1183:. Retrieved
1174:
1168:
1149:
1119:. Retrieved
1110:
1103:
1083:
1061:. Retrieved
1051:
1039:. Retrieved
1029:
1021:
1015:
1007:
1002:pp. 120–121.
999:
995:
985:November 19,
983:. Retrieved
977:
967:
958:
933:Lucille Kahn
919:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
856:
850:
843:
840:Barry Pepper
836:Winona Ryder
825:
818:James Garner
803:
801:
777:
772:
766:
760:
754:
747:
742:
736:
729:
709:
706:spiritualism
704:For Wilson,
703:
700:Spiritualism
690:Abram Hoffer
687:
670:
658:
646:Gerald Heard
642:Betty Eisner
635:
619:
595:
591:
570:
553:
531:
523:Twelve Steps
516:
510:
499:
487:Oxford Group
479:Ebby Thacher
476:
464:
450:
439:
420:
412:Lois Burnham
409:
400:
393:
382:
378:Mount Aeolus
371:
348:
341:
331:
311:
298:
294:
290:
289:
158:co-founding
84:(1971-01-24)
28:
21:
3670:1971 deaths
3665:1895 births
3587:Harvey Milk
3541:Che Guevara
3463:Alan Turing
3442:Jean Piaget
3319:Juan Trippe
3291:Akio Morita
3221:Walt Disney
3207:Leo Burnett
3133:James Joyce
3105:T. S. Eliot
3077:Coco Chanel
3063:The Beatles
3031:Lech Wałęsa
2933:Ho Chi Minh
2695:Jim Burwell
2065:October 31,
1906:pp. 205–208
1796:Bill Wilson
1778:, p. 380n.
1037:. Wargs.com
946:- Addiction
928:Jim Burwell
814:James Woods
767:Biographer
688:Wilson met
502:Akron, Ohio
483:evangelical
442:World War I
396:Mark Whalon
295:Bill Wilson
276:World War I
124: /
3659:Categories
3608:Rosa Parks
3527:Anne Frank
3449:Jonas Salk
3414:Kurt Gödel
3326:Sam Walton
3235:Bill Gates
3228:Henry Ford
3126:Jim Henson
2975:Mao Zedong
2751:Alcoholism
2705:Marty Mann
2668:Day by Day
2641:Literature
2515:(1): 117.
2499:0916856011
2473:0060142677
2452:1558492453
2419:0916856127
2389:0894860658
2368:0312200560
2341:0916856070
2319:1568383738
2300:1885803907
2277:0916856038
2255:091685602X
2236:1893007162
2165:August 22,
1977:0312283873
1609:August 18,
1604:www.aa.org
1597:"12 steps"
1501:1568386265
1454:Pass it on
1402:Pass it on
1381:Pass it on
1360:Pass It On
1348:0916856127
1277:0060142677
1246:1568383746
1000:Pass it on
951:References
666:super-egos
662:alcoholics
575:and later
534:Marty Mann
495:belladonna
485:Christian
357:Early life
318:alcoholics
314:mutual aid
305:(AA) with
200:Allegiance
112:73°00′55″W
109:43°13′00″N
63:1895-11-26
3573:Bruce Lee
3098:Bob Dylan
2710:Carl Jung
2428:84-072766
1979:. p. 109.
1870:March 15,
1655:March 27,
1581:March 14,
1041:March 14,
851:The band
794:in 2012.
771:wrote in
674:Carl Jung
654:Carl Jung
577:pneumonia
573:emphysema
506:Bob Smith
338:emphysema
307:Bob Smith
264:Conflicts
239:1916–1918
137:Education
3249:Ray Kroc
2838:Category
2610:Concepts
2492:. 1953.
2398:79-88264
2350:80-65962
2229:. 2002.
2129:and the
1927:. p. 59.
1144:(2015).
914:See also
867:Writings
757:magazine
718:using a
334:trustees
322:sobriety
3643:Bill W.
2739:Related
2715:Lois W.
2690:Dr. Bob
2685:Bill W.
2596:History
2463:Bill W.
2196:. 2015.
2111:May 30,
1456:p. 121.
1404:p. 130.
1263:Bill W.
1185:June 6,
1121:June 6,
1063:July 7,
845:Bill W.
722:board.
716:seances
299:Bill W.
185:
177:
172:Lois W.
35:Bill W.
22:Bill W.
3550:&
3472:&
2678:People
2496:
2470:
2449:
2426:
2416:
2396:
2386:
2365:
2348:
2338:
2316:
2297:
2274:
2252:
2233:
2209:
1975:
1923:
1904:Bill W
1782:
1758:
1731:
1704:
1498:
1480:p. xvi
1383:p. 59.
1362:p. 54.
1346:
1313:'s
1274:
1268:75, 96
1243:
1209:
1156:
1091:
924:(play)
732:
726:Legacy
694:niacin
648:, and
581:oxygen
227:
218:Branch
209:
166:Spouse
92:, U.S.
73:, U.S.
24:(film)
2790:Drama
2190:(PDF)
1890:(PDF)
1600:(PDF)
1549:(PDF)
1542:(PDF)
1468:p. 14
1179:(PDF)
1115:(PDF)
720:Ouija
236:Years
179:(
175:
3615:Pelé
2881:Time
2494:ISBN
2468:ISBN
2447:ISBN
2424:LCCN
2414:ISBN
2394:LCCN
2384:ISBN
2363:ISBN
2346:LCCN
2336:ISBN
2314:ISBN
2295:ISBN
2272:ISBN
2250:ISBN
2231:ISBN
2207:ISBN
2167:2018
2113:2013
2086:IMDb
2067:2012
1973:ISBN
1921:ISBN
1872:2024
1829:2019
1780:ISBN
1756:ISBN
1729:ISBN
1702:ISBN
1657:2022
1611:2019
1583:2013
1557:2009
1496:ISBN
1344:ISBN
1322:Time
1310:Time
1272:ISBN
1241:ISBN
1207:ISBN
1187:2024
1154:ISBN
1123:2024
1089:ISBN
1065:2022
1043:2013
1017:Time
987:2012
822:Emmy
761:Time
755:Time
743:Time
676:and
349:Time
343:Time
254:Unit
244:Rank
79:Died
53:Born
2542:doi
2538:162
2517:doi
2084:at
1327:153
1022:153
638:LSD
387:in
297:or
3661::
2536:.
2532:.
2513:56
2511:.
2445:.
2422:.
2392:.
2344:.
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