240:, who wrote only 40 years after Manfred's death. Perhaps the name Bianca was borne by two women: the daughter of the Marquis Manfred I and his granddaughter, the daughter of the first Bianca. In the Lancia family, the repetition of names was a tradition. The same confusion among the chroniclers was caused by the name Manfred in three generations of men in the family. Tommaso Tosco also expressed the popular hypothesis that Emperor Frederick II could have had a relationship with both the elder Bianca and her two daughters, one being Manfred's mother.
183:
352:, dated Bianca's death between 1234 and 1246. For example, Matthew Paris reported that Bianca died 20 years after the first meeting with Frederick II. This gives approximately 1246. Elsewhere, the chronicler wrote that this was 20 years before 1256, indicating around 1236. However, since marriage to the Emperor was a necessary condition for legitimizing his children, it must be admitted that she died no earlier than 1247. At the same time, Bianca probably died before Frederick II, since the castle of
29:
271:. According to Renato Bordone, it is unlikely that the Emperor met her in Agliano in 1225; in fact their meeting would have taken place between 1226 and 1230 in Sicily. In any case, the children of Bianca and Frederick II were born in the period after the death of Isabella II of Jerusalem in 1228, and before the Emperor's third marriage to
380:. She was pregnant with Violante at the time. Bianca could not endure this humiliation and, having given birth to a child, cut off her breasts and sent them to the Emperor on a tray. Then she died. Since that day, every night in the castle tower, now called the Tower of the Empress, a faint, heartbreaking cry is heard.
299:). With this, the Emperor probably also wanted to increase the number of his legitimate descendants and possible successors. The Church did not recognize this marriage as canonical. Matthew Paris also writes that the circumstances of the marriage were kept secret: there are neither witnesses nor any records.
302:
There is only circumstantial evidence that this marriage took place. In 1250, in
Frederick II's will, Manfred was recognized and mentioned as a legitimate son. At the same time, on 21 April 1247, when he married, was under the name of "Manfred Lancia". This means that Manfred was legitimized between
243:
Contemporary chroniclers do not mention
Manfred's mother's father, which means that his origin is less noble than that of her mother. Even Manfred in 1247 is called "Manfred Lancia" in a document. Niccolò di Jamsilla, who lived at the court of Manfred, mentions that his maternal relatives were the
295:) took place between Bianca Lancia and Emperor Frederick II when she was dying. As Matthew Paris writes, Bianca wanted to marry for the salvation of her soul and the safety of her children's future, who were subsequently legitimated (Latin:
267:, the ancestral seat of the Lancia family. It is not known when her relationship with Frederick II began and how long it lasted. It is widely believed that her meeting with the Emperor took place in 1225, when he married
395:"Manfred was either from his sister, or from the daughter of the sister of the Marquis of Lanza, a Lombard from Piedmont"; "Marquis of Lancia, lombard from Piedmont; his sister or niece was the mother of Prince Manfred";
219:
Thus, the chroniclers mentioned her maternal origin from the Lancia family, and the name Bianca was called not by
Manfred's mother, but by his maternal grandmother. The family received the surname Lancia because
194:'s mother, traditionally called Bianca Lancia, are unknown. Historians have different versions about the identification of her parents, there was no clarity among contemporaries either:
372:
According to a legend recorded by the monk
Bonaventure da Lama and found by the historian Pantaleo, Frederick II was jealous of his mistress and locked her in the tower of the
326:
118:
976:
1871:
360:'s will, was the traditional possession of the Queens of Sicily as a "gift morning" after the wedding night and would remain in their possession as a
1360:
201:
mentioned
Manfred's mother three times and could not unambiguously choose between "sister" and "niece" ("sister's daughter") of Manfred II Lancia.
684:
1220:
1856:
1447:
1861:
373:
323:(1232 – 26 February 1266), who succeeded his father as ruler of Sicily (initially as regent, before usurping the throne for himself).
215:
Tommaso Tosco in 1279 wrote the
Manfred was born "from the sister of the Marquis of Lancia, who was the daughter of donna Bianca".
1773:
1290:
969:
946:
1846:
1414:
1210:
1200:
1876:
1180:
1310:
1235:
1866:
927:
1385:
962:
1851:
1581:
1022:
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1701:
1632:
1365:
1335:
1320:
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1155:
424:"the Emperor learned about this from the Countess of Caserta, whose son was married to the Emperor's own daughter."
171:
98:
1404:
1125:
614:
1791:
1456:
1440:
1355:
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1012:
803:(in Russian). Translated by I. S. Kultysheva; S. S. Prokopovich; V. D. Savukova; M. A. Tariverdieva. Moscow:
492:
704:
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1515:
1330:
1305:
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881:
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834:
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335:
174:. The marriage was conducted while she was on her deathbed, therefore it was considered non-canonical.
1533:
1433:
1340:
901:
730:
415:"ex parte matris sibi consanguineos attinentes scilicet comitem Galvanum , Bonifatium et Iordanum ".
582:
1725:
1409:
1375:
1185:
314:
268:
237:
1809:
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1095:
330:
114:
1761:
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877:
458:, transl. & ed. Casey A Wood and F. Marjorie Fyfe, (Stanford University Press, 1961), 495.
397:"Manfred the son of Frederick from another wife, who was the niece of the Marquis of Lancia".
1841:
1836:
1205:
1051:
985:
167:
166:), was an Italian noblewoman. She was the mistress and later, possibly the last wife of the
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1779:
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1145:
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333:, Count of Caserta in 1246 and had a son, Corrad. She died during another childbirth. The
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236:. The first indication of the name Bianca in relation to Manfred's mother goes back to
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It is assumed that
Manfred's mother was born around 1210. It may have happened in
1689:
1671:
1665:
1250:
1130:
1115:
1110:
377:
224:(fl. 1160–1214), the alleged grandfather or father of Manfred's mother, has been
212:, she was "the daughter of donna Bianca, daughter of the late Marquis of Lancia".
84:
57:
1165:
244:
Counts of
Agliano, and this may indicate Bianca's father, Bonifazio d'Agliano.
1825:
1395:
1370:
1315:
923:
406:"The fifth Bianca was a noble lady from the noble lombard family of Lancia".
284:
248:
229:
53:
34:
731:"Пятое продолжение Из монастыря Св. Панталеона (Chronica regia Coloniensis)"
1473:
1032:
993:
433:"Count of Caserta of Apulia, married, it seems to me, to Manfred's sister."
1500:
339:
and
Salimbene di Adam mention her, although they do not mention her name.
356:, located in the cities of Vieste and Siponto (which, according to King
1551:
1479:
493:"LANCIA, Bianca | Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani – Volume LXIII"
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903:КЕЛЬНСКАЯ КОРОЛЕВСКАЯ ХРОНИКА: Chronica regia Coloniensis
615:"Bianca Lancia e gli Astigiani alla corte di Federico II"
287:
wrote that a "marriage ceremony at the moment of death" (
671:
Friedrich der Zweite. Der
Sizilianer auf dem Kaiserthron
16:
13th century mistress of Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II
313:(1230 – April 1307), who married the Emperor of Nicea,
306:
Bianca and Frederick II had three children together:
984:
876:
364:), was granted by the Emperor to his son Manfred.
795:
755:
639:
541:
529:
517:
263:Bianca lived most of her life at the Castello di
1823:
317:in 1244, and thereupon her name changed to Anna.
698:
696:
694:
186:Painting of the meeting of Bianca and Frederick
278:
190:The exact filiation and even the name of King
37:, sometimes identified as Bianca and Frederick
1441:
1361:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
970:
922:
853:
832:
811:
656:
283:Both the chronicles of Salimbene di Adam and
206:According to the Genoese annals of the time,
691:
1448:
1434:
977:
963:
683:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
576:
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1872:Wives of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
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293:confirmatio matrimonii in articulo mortis
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702:
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1824:
1415:Augusta Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein
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490:
445:
297:legitimatio per matrimonium subsequens
1587:Anna of Constantinople (900–905)
1429:
958:
668:
601:
461:
1455:
454:Frederick II (Holy Roman Emperor),
177:
13:
1386:Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
705:"FEDERICO II, FIGLI | Federiciana"
348:Contemporary sources, such as the
14:
1888:
1857:Mistresses of Holy Roman Emperors
940:
1862:People from the Province of Asti
1241:Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut
1156:Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy
613:de Finis, Diego (13 July 2017).
99:Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
1596:Anna of Provence (915–924)
1405:Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
986:Queens and empresses of Germany
789:
761:
723:
662:
427:
418:
1410:Victoria of the United Kingdom
1356:Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
862:(in Russian). pp. 511–549
841:(in Russian). pp. 433–478
820:(in Russian). pp. 373–408
409:
400:
389:
111:Constance Anna of Hohenstaufen
1:
1847:13th-century Italian nobility
1351:Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
583:"BIANCA LANCIA | Federiciana"
439:
160:
153:
71:
46:
1877:Mothers of Sicilian monarchs
1650:Berta di Luni (1002–14)
1645:Theophanu of Constantinople
1346:Claudia Felicitas of Austria
275:, which took place in 1235.
7:
1331:Maria Leopoldine of Austria
1306:Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
1216:Imagina of Isenburg-Limburg
329:(1233 – 1264), who married
279:Issue and possible marriage
10:
1893:
1867:13th-century Italian women
1542:Cunigunda of Laon (?)
1539:Bertha of Gellone (?)
1161:Constance, Queen of Sicily
769:"Bianca Lancia di Agliano"
456:De Arte Venardi Cum Avibus
336:Chronica regia Coloniensis
1506:Gundiberga (626–652)
1463:
1394:
1341:Margaret Theresa of Spain
1070:
1031:
992:
367:
135:
124:
104:
94:
67:
42:
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21:
1852:Royal consorts of Sicily
1786:Joséphine de Beauharnais
1726:Isabella II of Jerusalem
1714:Beatrice of Hohenstaufen
1376:Maria Josepha of Bavaria
1186:Isabella II of Jerusalem
932:. Vol. II. London:
907:
902:
885:
859:
838:
817:
703:Bordone, Renato (2005).
581:Bordone, Renato (2005).
383:
343:
269:Isabella II of Jerusalem
255:), the family's estate.
238:Bartholomew of Neocastro
119:Violante of Hohenstaufen
1792:Marie Louise of Austria
1654:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
1509:Guntrude (712–744)
1485:Berthora (549–552)
1286:Elizabeth of Luxembourg
1096:Cunigunde of Luxembourg
669:Rader, Olaf B. (2010).
374:Castello Normanno-Svevo
258:
146:Bianca Lancia d'Agliano
128:Bonifazio d'Agliano or
115:Manfred, King of Sicily
1762:Elizabeth of Pomerania
1750:Margaret II of Hainaut
1702:Beatrice I of Burgundy
1576:Ageltrude of Benevento
1276:Elisabeth of Nuremberg
1261:Elizabeth of Pomerania
1221:Elisabeth of Carinthia
878:Richard of San Germano
756:Salimbene di Adam 2004
673:. Munich. p. 254.
640:Salimbene di Adam 2004
542:Salimbene di Adam 2004
530:Salimbene di Adam 2004
518:Salimbene di Adam 2004
187:
1810:Marie-José of Belgium
1528:Fastrada of Franconia
1512:Tassia (744–749)
1206:Gertrude of Hohenberg
1052:Matilda of Ringelheim
856:"Chronicle, part XVI"
835:"Chronicle, part XIV"
814:"Chronicle, part XII"
491:Settia, Aldo (2004).
185:
1780:Isabella of Portugal
1696:Richenza of Northeim
1558:Richilde of Provence
1381:Maria Luisa of Spain
1301:Isabella of Portugal
1256:Anna von Schweidnitz
1211:Isabella of Burgundy
1201:Elisabeth of Bavaria
1146:Gertrude of Sulzbach
1136:Richenza of Northeim
908:Восточная Литература
886:Восточная Литература
860:Восточная Литература
839:Восточная Литература
818:Восточная Литература
358:William II of Sicily
234:Frederick Barbarossa
1804:Elena of Montenegro
1798:Margherita of Savoy
1774:Eleanor of Portugal
1744:Margaret of Brabant
1732:Isabella of England
1720:Constance of Aragon
1708:Constance of Sicily
1684:Constance of Sicily
1609:Marozia of Tusculum
1605:Alda (924–932)
1564:Richardis of Swabia
1552:Engelberga of Parma
1546:Ermengarde of Tours
1534:Luitgard of Sundgau
1326:Maria Anna of Spain
1296:Bianca Maria Sforza
1291:Eleanor of Portugal
1231:Beatrice of Silesia
1226:Margaret of Brabant
1191:Isabella of England
1181:Margaret of Austria
1176:Constance of Aragon
1151:Adelaide of Vohburg
1141:Gertrude of Comburg
1126:Constance of Sicily
1106:Gunhilda of Denmark
1047:Cunigunde of Swabia
999:Carolingian dynasty
854:Salimbene di Adam.
833:Salimbene di Adam.
812:Salimbene di Adam.
659:, pp. 183–184.
642:, p. 383, 535.
331:Richard Sanseverino
273:Isabella of England
33:Miniature from the
1690:Matilda of England
1591:Bertila of Spoleto
1570:Bertila of Spoleto
1236:Isabella of Aragon
1171:Beatrice of Swabia
1131:Matilda of England
1072:Kingdom of Germany
1038:Kingdom of Germany
1013:Liutgard of Saxony
657:Matthew Paris 1872
188:
1819:
1818:
1800: (1878–1900)
1639:Adelaide of Italy
1621:Adelaide of Italy
1423:
1422:
1271:Sophia of Bavaria
1266:Joanna of Bavaria
1246:Blanche of Valois
1086:Adelaide of Italy
1077:Holy Roman Empire
1062:Adelaide of Italy
934:Longman & Co.
797:Salimbene di Adam
354:Monte Sant'Angelo
350:Annales ianuenses
209:Annales ianuenses
199:Salimbene di Adam
143:
142:
89:Kingdom of Sicily
81:Monte Sant'Angelo
78:(aged 37–38)
62:Holy Roman Empire
1884:
1768:Barbara of Cilli
1756:Anna of Świdnica
1678:Eupraxia of Kiev
1660:Gisela of Swabia
1627:Willa of Tuscany
1615:Bertha of Swabia
1600:Bertha of Swabia
1450:
1443:
1436:
1427:
1426:
1336:Eleonora Gonzaga
1321:Eleonora Gonzaga
1311:Maria of Austria
1281:Barbara of Cilli
1121:Eupraxia of Kiev
1101:Gisela of Swabia
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1806: (1900–46)
1794: (1810–14)
1788: (1805–10)
1782: (1530–39)
1776: (1452–67)
1770: (1431–37)
1764: (1363–78)
1758: (1355–62)
1752: (1327–47)
1734: (1235–41)
1728: (1225–28)
1722: (1212–22)
1710: (1191–97)
1704: (1156–84)
1698: (1128–37)
1692: (1114–25)
1686: (1095–98)
1680: (1089–93)
1674: (1080–87)
1672:Bertha of Savoy
1668: (1043–56)
1666:Agnes of Poitou
1662: (1026–39)
1656: (1004–24)
1647: (972–983)
1641: (951–973)
1635: (957–963)
1629: (950–953)
1623: (948–950)
1617: (937–948)
1611: (932–933)
1602: (922–926)
1593: (905–915)
1584: (896–899)
1582:Ota of Neustria
1578: (889–894)
1572: (888–889)
1566: (879–888)
1560: (875–877)
1554: (851–875)
1548: (821–851)
1536: (794–800)
1530: (784–794)
1524: (774–783)
1518: (756–774)
1503: (589–616)
1497: (567–573)
1482: (536–540)
1476: (526–534)
1470: (493–526)
1459:
1457:Queens of Italy
1454:
1424:
1419:
1390:
1251:Anne of Bavaria
1116:Bertha of Savoy
1111:Agnes of Poitou
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929:Chronica majora
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941:External links
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773:stupormundi.it
760:
758:, p. 514.
748:
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690:
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632:
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546:
544:, p. 383.
534:
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232:) of Emperor
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54:Agliano Terme
45:
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35:Codex Manesse
30:
25:
22:Bianca Lancia
20:
1842:Hohenstaufen
1837:1240s deaths
1812: (1946)
1746: (1311)
1737:
1716: (1212)
1491: (560s)
1474:Amalasuintha
1366:Maria Amalia
1195:
1033:East Francia
994:East Francia
950:(in Italian)
928:
912:. Retrieved
910:(in Russian)
890:. Retrieved
888:(in Russian)
864:. Retrieved
843:. Retrieved
822:. Retrieved
800:
790:Bibliography
776:. Retrieved
772:
763:
751:
739:. Retrieved
737:(in Russian)
735:vostlit.info
734:
725:
713:. Retrieved
711:(in Italian)
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670:
664:
635:
623:. Retrieved
621:(in Italian)
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591:. Retrieved
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172:Frederick II
168:Hohenstaufen
149:
145:
144:
76:(1248-00-00)
1832:1210 births
1501:Theodelinda
1398:(1871–1918)
882:"Chronicle"
709:treccani.it
587:treccani.it
497:treccani.it
164: 1248
157: 1210
50: 1210
1826:Categories
1489:Chlothsind
1480:Matasuntha
1079:(962–1806)
1074:within the
996:during the
619:anviagi.it
440:References
1522:Hildegard
1468:Audofleda
1091:Theophanu
1040:(919–962)
1035:(911–919)
1018:Richardis
1001:(843–911)
947:Biography
914:9 January
892:9 January
866:9 January
845:9 January
824:9 January
801:Chronicle
778:9 January
741:6 January
715:6 January
679:cite book
625:6 January
593:5 January
503:5 January
311:Constance
222:Manfred I
1633:Gerberga
1495:Rosamund
926:(1872).
799:(2004).
327:Violante
253:Piedmont
226:lancifer
170:emperor
150:Beatrice
1057:Eadgyth
805:ROSSPEN
321:Manfred
230:pikeman
192:Manfred
368:Legend
136:Mother
125:Father
95:Spouse
1008:Hemma
384:Notes
362:dower
344:Death
289:Latin
265:Brolo
106:Issue
1516:Ansa
916:2023
894:2023
868:2023
847:2023
826:2023
780:2023
743:2023
717:2023
685:link
627:2023
595:2023
505:2023
259:Life
74:1248
68:Died
43:Born
1023:Ota
906:.
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