31:
327:, her uncle, hired Parker as a camp cook and expedition secretary. shortly after marrying her aunt Endeka. She participated in excavations at the site of Mesa House and other locales, and Harrington taught her archaeological methods in the field. In 1929, she discovered and did a solo excavation at the pueblo site of Scorpion Hill; the finds were exhibited in the
290:, James Thurston after the expedition. In 1931, both became ill during their work at the Gypsum Caves; Bertha became ill due to the large amounts of cave guano and Thurston died suddenly from a heart attack while lifting a rock on site. This illness caused Bertha to move back in with her parents for a time in Los Angeles.
385:
Bertha Parker Pallan
Thurston Cody is notable in the field of archaeology for her role as a ground-breaker: she was one of the first (if not the first) Native American female archaeologists. She was certainly first in her ability to conduct this work at a high level of skill, yet without a university
281:
Bertha married Joseph Pallan in the early 1920s and had a daughter, Wilma Mae ("Billie") Pallan in 1925. When the marriage ended, she moved to Nevada to work on an archaeological site for the
Southwest Museum, directed by Mark Raymond Harrington. Harrington had recently married Bertha's aunt, Endeka
345:
As the expedition secretary, Bertha worked at cleaning, repairing, and cataloguing finds; in addition, she explored the rooms of the cave in her spare time and was able to reach into some of the most inaccessible crevices. On one of these occasions she discovered the skull of a species of extinct
1197:
Bruchac, Margaret M. April 9, 2014. "Breaking Ground in the 1930s: Bertha Parker, First Female Native
American Archaeologist." Keynote for the Sixth Annual Regina Herzfeld Flannery Lecture on the Cultural Heritage of Native Americans at Catholic University, Washington,
1209:
356:
Sinclair, alongside ancient human tools, in Room 3. Harrington noted that the find was the most important one of the expedition, because it drew the support of additional institutions, notably the
269:
Her parents divorced in 1914, and the
Tahamonts (Elijah, Margaret, and Beulah) relocated to Los Angeles, with Bertha in tow, to work in Hollywood films. Bertha and her mother also performed with
374:
From 1931 to 1941, Bertha worked as an
Assistant in Archaeology and Ethnology at the Southwest Museum. She published a number of archaeological and ethnological papers in the museum journal,
308:
and Arthur
William Cody (1952–1996). Bertha and Iron Eyes were central figures in the success of the Los Angeles Indian Center, a gathering place for urban Indians relocated to Los Angeles.
1218:
304:
In 1942, her 17-year-old daughter Billie was visiting her grandmother Beulah's farm when she died of an accidental gunshot wound. Bertha and Iron Eyes later adopted two sons,
814:
439:
1939. "A Maidu myth of the creation of Indian women; by Bertha Parker Cody, as related by Mandy Wilson, Maidu Indian of Chico, California. Masterkey. v. XIII, p. 83.
519:
378:, from the early 1930s through the 1960s. These included papers such as "California Indian Baby Cradles", "Kachina Dolls" and several articles on the
1167:
1015:
436:
1939. "A Maidu myth of the first death; by Bertha Parker Cody, as related by Mandy Wilson of Chico, California." Masterkey. v. XIII, p. 144.
697:
420:
1935. "How a Maidu-medicine man lost his power; related to Bertha Parker
Thurston by a Maidu Indian herbalist." Masterkey. v. IX, p. 28–29.
1453:
881:
1463:
270:
251:
845:
1468:
698:"THE CAREER OF JAMES E. THURSTON AND THE EXTINCTION OF THE PROFESSIONAL FIELD COLLECTOR IN NORTH AMERICAN VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY"
633:
449:
294:
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761:
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223:
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in 1930, a site that
Harrington promoted as having the earliest evidence for human occupation of North America during the
906:
357:
246:. Her mother, Beulah Tahamont (later Folsom), was an actress; as a teen, she and her mother reportedly performed with
798:
738:
661:
584:
1371:
489:
1942. "Yurok fish-dam dance; as told by Jane Van
Stralen to Bertha Parker Cody." Masterkey. v. XVI, pp. 81–86.
361:
259:
1316:
1347:
1077:
728:
486:
1941. "Yurok tales, as told by Jane Van
Stralen to Bertha Parker Cody." Masterkey. v. XV, pp. 228–231.
1242:
433:
1939. "A tale of witchcraft as told by a Tewa Indian of New Mexico." Masterkey. v. XIII, pp. 188–189.
1178:
386:
education, making discoveries and gaining insights that impressed the trained archaeologists around her.
243:
66:
476:
1961. "Clarence Arthur Ellsworth ; gifted painter of Indians."Masterkey. vol. XXXV, (no. 1), pp. 75–77.
30:
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705:
305:
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She was hired, first as a secretary, and then as an assistant archaeologist and ethnologist, for the
1443:
324:
1402:
1141:
987:
677:
607:
1448:
316:
Bertha Parker Pallan died in 1978, aged 71. Her gravestone simply reads "Mrs. Iron Eyes Cody".
214:; August 30, 1907 – October 8, 1978) was an American archaeologist, working as an assistant in
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1423:
40:
963:
8:
368:
1120:
266:
and Margaret (Dove Eye) Camp. As a child, she assisted her father in his excavations.
263:
423:
1936. "A rare treat at a Maidu medicine-man's feast." Masterkey. v. X, pp. 16–21.
1026:
794:
734:
657:
580:
553:
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1940. Photograph: "Amanda Wilson and granddaughter" (Southwest Museum MSS 160:143:58)
247:
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1933. Thurston, Bertha Parker. "Scorpion Hill." Masterkey. v. VII, pp. 171–177.
1289:
1112:
945:
549:
Cultural Negotiations: The Role of Women in the Founding of Americanist Archaeology
328:
255:
195:
164:
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762:"Southern Nevadans work to save state's historic roots - Las Vegas Sun Newspaper"
651:
574:
352:
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1942. "Simply strung on a single strand." Masterkey. v. XVI, pp. 175–176.
1417:
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790:
Inheriting the Past: The Making of Arthur C Parker and Indigenous Archaeology
414:
1933. "A night in a Maidu shaman's house." Masterkey.v.VII, pp. 111–115.
394:
The following are listed as they appear in a list compiled by Marge Bruchac.
231:
470:
1943. "Some Yurok customs and beliefs." Masterkey. v. XVI, pp. 157–162.
448:
1940. "California Indian baby cradles." Masterkey. v. XIV, pp. 89–96. (
682:
467:
1942. "Some Yurok customs and beliefs." Masterkey. v. XVII, pp. 81–87.
445:
1940. "Pomo bear impersonators." Masterkey. 1940. v. XIV, pp. 132–137.
379:
347:
417:
1934. "How he became a medicine-man." Masterkey. v. VIII, pp. 79–81.
339:
335:
283:
215:
181:
85:
786:
1124:
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Colwell-Chanthaphonh, Chip; Colwell-Chanthaphonh, John Stephen (2009).
89:
1324:
297:. In 1936, she married the actor Espera Oscar de Corti, also known as
185:
1116:
481:
Published under the name of her Yurok interviewee, Jane Van Stralen:
371:
after seeing fossil camel bone protruding from an eroding lake bed.
461:
1941. "Gold ornaments of Ecuador." Masterkey.v. XV, pp. 87–95.
473:
1955. "Enrique" crosses the divide." . Masterkey. vol.XXX, p. 102.
1349:
California Indian Baby Cradles: Southwest Museum Leaflets, No. 12
815:"Bertha Parker Pallen Cody – First Native American Archaeologist"
286:
expedition, Bertha met, in 1930, and later married, in 1931, the
227:
1103:
Harrington, M.R. (June 1930). "Ashes Found with Sloth Remains".
458:
1941. "A note on basket care." Masterkey. v. XV, pp. 23–24.
36:
846:"Iron Eyes Cody, 94, an Actor And Tearful Anti-Littering Icon"
730:
Savage Kin: Indigenous Informants and American Anthropologists
367:
While on this expedition, Bertha also discovered the site of
1193:
1191:
411:
1933. "Scorpion Hill." Masterkey. v. VII, pp. 171–177.
442:
1939. "Kachina dolls." Masterkey. v. XIII, pp. 25–30.
273:
as part of a "Pocahontas" show during her teenage years.
1188:
1078:"Arthur, Beulah, and Bertha: The Extended Parker Family"
218:
at the Southwest Museum. She was also married to actor
1290:"BIOGRAPHY: Bertha Cody – Native American Archaeology"
258:, was an archaeologist and the first president of the
254:
Circus as part of the “Pocahontas” show. Her father,
1321:
UAiR: University of Arizona Institutional Repository
1044:"Margaret M. Bruchac - School for Advanced Research"
988:"Bertha Alden "Birdie" Parker Cody (1907-1978) -..."
242:
Bertha (Yeawas) "Birdie" Parker was born in 1907 in
1211:
Cultural Resources Overview of the Las Vegas Valley
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1007:
406:
Published under the name of Bertha Parker Thurston:
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882:"Newspaper, California, Los Angeles Indian Center"
1243:"Bertha Parker Pallan [Cody] (1907-1978)"
1136:
1134:
1415:
1004:
678:"Wilma Mae "Billie" Pallan (1925-1942) - Find A"
1403:"Bertha Alden "Birdie" Parker Cody (1907-1978)"
1096:
428:Published under the name of Bertha Parker Cody:
1131:
964:"Iron Eyes Cody (1904-1999) - Find A Grave..."
382:, including "Some Yurok Customs and Beliefs".
1038:
1036:
552:. Lincoln: UNP - Nebraska. pp. 127–129.
271:Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
793:. University of Arizona Press. p. 172.
512:"First Female Native American Archaeologist"
262:. Her maternal grandparents were the actors
39:darts during Southwest Museum, Los Angeles,
656:. University of Arizona Press. p. 22.
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29:
653:Field Man: Life as a Desert Archaeologist
576:Field Man: Life as a Desert Archaeologist
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1201:
936:Thrush, Coll (1 August 2013). "Review".
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319:
843:
726:
573:Hayden, Julian D. (12 September 2018).
545:
509:
505:
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128: 1931; died 1932)
1416:
1315:Bertha Parker Cody (17 October 2013).
1265:"CUA Anthropology Department Symposia"
935:
911:Southern California Indian Center, Inc
727:Bruchac, Margaret M. (10 April 2018).
649:
572:
640:
1454:20th-century American archaeologists
1372:"A California Basketry Bibliography"
541:
539:
500:
1464:20th-century American women writers
636:. Society for American Archaeology.
13:
1469:20th-century Native American women
634:"SAA Native American Scholarships"
362:Carnegie Institution of Washington
358:California Institute of Technology
264:Elijah "Chief Dark Cloud" Tahamont
14:
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1142:"Amanda Wilson and granddaughter"
536:
222:. She is thought to be the first
1345:
260:Society for American Archaeology
108:
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1166:Harrington, M.R. (April 1940).
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733:. University of Arizona Press.
579:. University of Arizona Press.
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104:
1168:"Man and Beast in Gypsum Cave"
1016:"Man and Beast in Gypsum Cave"
720:
690:
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626:
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401:is Southwest Museum’s journal.
1:
1474:20th-century Native Americans
1459:20th-century American writers
1439:Writers from New York (state)
1434:American women archaeologists
844:Waldman, Amy (January 1999).
510:Bruchac, Marge (2005-04-27).
493:
237:
1217:. p. 19. Archived from
7:
244:Chautauqua County, New York
208:Bertha Pallan Thurston Cody
67:Chautauqua County, New York
10:
1490:
650:Hayden, Julian D. (2011).
546:Browman, David L. (2013).
1245:. Smithsonian Institution
950:10.1525/phr.2013.82.3.451
938:Pacific Historical Review
750:– via Google Books.
596:– via Google Books.
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226:female archaeologist, of
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177:
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97:
74:
48:
28:
21:
1335:– via archive.org.
1294:theheroinecollective.com
1208:Rafferty, Kevin (1984).
608:"Bertha "Birdie" Parker"
311:
1105:The Science News-Letter
353:Nothrotherium shastense
325:Mark Raymond Harrington
43:expedition, circa 1930.
155:Also an anthropologist
16:American archaeologist
1346:Cody, Bertha Parker.
1177:: 3–5. Archived from
1025:: 3–5. Archived from
320:Archaeological career
1269:anthropology.cua.edu
708:on 12 September 2018
516:H-Net Email Listserv
23:Bertha Parker Pallan
1360:– via Amazon.
282:Parker. During the
1352:. Southwest Museum
1327:on 17 October 2013
991:www.findagrave.com
967:www.findagrave.com
917:on 25 January 2019
864:"Wilma Mae Pallan"
825:on 17 January 2019
306:Robert "Tree" Cody
819:alexis-george.com
612:trowelblazers.com
559:978-0-8032-4547-1
452:Leaflets, No. 12)
334:Bertha worked at
252:Barnum and Bailey
205:
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172:Scientific career
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450:Southwest Museum
329:Southwest Museum
295:Southwest Museum
256:Arthur C. Parker
196:Southwest Museum
165:Robert Tree Cody
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1296:. 19 April 2016
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1407:Find A Grave
1406:
1383:12 September
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340:Pleistocene
336:Gypsum Cave
284:Gypsum Cave
216:archaeology
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