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Bernard Knox

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25: 477:; the award committee described Knox's work as "a brilliant review of a major theatrical event" in which Knox "recognized that the director was attempting to solve the central problem of this play by finding a new way to express long passages of lyric language that have lost their immediacy for modern audiences." In 1990 he received the first 1249: 1163:, April 13, 2004. This article quotes Fagles, then age 70, speaking of his relationship with Knox: "'He is very much the professor, and I am still the student,' he said with a smile. 'It is not his fault. I stand in awe of him. I cherish our friendship.'" 529:. Knox's lecture, which he gave the intentionally "provocative" title "The Oldest Dead White European Males", became the basis for Knox's book of the same name, in which Knox defended the continuing relevance of classical Greek culture to modern society. 441:
described Knox's 60-page introduction as "His Master's Voice, taking the best of contemporary scholarship and giving it special point and vividness, as only Mr. Knox can." His combat experiences in World War II subtly inform these introductions.
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scouting for Allied forces. It was here, during a firefight, where he was pinned down in a monastery filled with books that he resolved to take up his studies in the classics should he survive the war. He did so and received an M.A. from
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on July 7, 1944 with team GILES. His team evaded German capture while working with the area resistance, arranging clandestine air parachute drops of weapons, and, when the regulars arrived, did liaison work between the US forces and the
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Knox taught at Yale until 1961, when he was appointed the first director of Harvard's Center for Hellenic Studies in Washington, D.C. After fulfilling a previous commitment to spend a year as Sather Lecturer at the
1558: 510:, who first pointed out its similarities to Spender's older memoir (which Knox had reviewed in 1951). This ultimately led to Spender suing Leavitt and forcing the withdrawal and revision of Leavitt's book. 1269: 599: 478: 1322: 1737: 1672: 1608: 1722: 1682: 54: 1687: 1213: 1692: 558: 1712: 1717: 1697: 1156: 910: 1702: 985: 331:. In 1939 he married an American, Betty Baur, a novelist who wrote under the pen name Bianca van Orden; she died in 2006. His son, 1120: 1076: 1361: 355:
in order to sweep the German Army out of Brittany. In the spring of 1945, he deployed to Italy with an OSS team to work with the
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at Yale, and became Fagles's lifelong friend and the author of the introductions and notes for Fagles's translations of
1732: 773: 373: 1454: 94: 376:, Knox served as director of the Center from 1962 until his retirement in 1985. He continued to write prolifically. 1139: 46: 338:
Bored with his first Army assignment with an anti-aircraft battery in England, Knox volunteered for work with the
1677: 300: 180: 1667: 620: 583: 390: 1636: 784:, The Antioch Review, Volume 57, Number 2, Essays, Personal & Political, Spring 1999, pp. 133–149. 451: 339: 1100:
1976-77: Bernard Knox biography at Previous Winners of the George Jean Nathan Award for Dramatic Criticism
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Knox is known for his efforts to make classics more accessible to the public. In 1959 his translations of
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He died of heart failure on July 22, 2010. He was buried with honors at Arlington National Cemetery.
1230: 948: 1609:"Thomas Jefferson Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences" 1235: 934: 570: 296: 1400: 50: 1190: 304: 59: 1532: 589: 552: 518: 1657: 1652: 1582: 907: 8: 1480: 1254: 1173: 506: 35: 1358: 1103: 1073: 888: 456: 433: 361: 343: 324: 267:, author, and critic who became an American citizen. He was the first director of the 190: 150: 39: 1297: 1004: 859: 844: 829: 814: 799: 755: 740: 725: 710: 696: 681: 666: 647: 609: 522: 389:
and the Massachusetts Council for the Humanities, featuring the cast of the Canadian
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Knox is also known for his role in the controversy over similarities between
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Tragic Themes in Western Literature: Seven Essays by Bernard Knox and Others
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The Oldest Dead White European Males and Other Reflections on the Classics
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The Oldest Dead White European Males and Other Reflections on the Classics
1214:"Books of The Times; Putting In a Word for Homer, Herodotus, Plato, Etc." 542: 381: 1136: 526: 280: 264: 929: 777:, Perspectives on Culture and Society, Volume 1 (1988), pages 149-164 525:, the U.S. federal government's highest honor for achievement in the 398: 279:, the U.S. federal government's highest honor for achievement in the 347: 292: 214: 129: 413: 752:
Backing Into the Future: The Classical Tradition and Its Renewal
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as he spoke French and some German. The OSS assigned him to the
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at Academic Film Archive website (retrieved May 26, 2009).
972:, Oxford University Press, 2014. Retrieved 15 March 2024. 984:
The Good Comrade, Memoirs of Kate Mangan and Jan Kurzke,
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PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award for the Art of the Essay
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PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award for the Art of the Essay
263:(November 24, 1914 – July 22, 2010) was an English 203: 57:
and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
695:(1979) (reprint, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986), 303:. In 1936, he joined and was wounded in combat with the 1174:"Robert Fagles, Translator of the Classics, Dies at 74" 1074:"Looking for Bernard Knox: Warrior, Ancient and Modern" 663:
Oedipus at Thebes: Sophocles' Tragic Hero and His Time
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were used to produce a series of television films for
1056:"The Warrior-Humanist: Bernard M.W. Knox (1914–2010). 794:
Sophocles, tr. Robert Fagles, notes by Bernard Knox,
739:(1993) (reprint, W. W. Norton & Company, 1994), 335:, is a prominent historian of 20th century Europe. 1507:"George Jean Nathan Award for Dramatic Criticism" 1644: 839:Virgil, tr. Robert Fagles, intro. Bernard Knox, 678:The heroic temper: studies in Sophoclean tragedy 368:. In the army, he achieved the rank of captain. 824:Homer, tr. Robert Fagles, intro. Bernard Knox, 809:Homer, tr. Robert Fagles, intro. Bernard Knox, 559:George Jean Nathan Award for Dramatic Criticism 693:Word and Action: Essays on the Ancient Theater 521:in 1990, and in 1992 it selected Knox for the 16:British-American classical scholar (1914–2010) 1738:Members of the American Philosophical Society 1354: 1352: 1116: 1114: 1112: 1340:"My Life Is Mine: It Is Not David Leavitt's" 966:"Knox, Bernard MacGregor Walker (1914–2010)" 925: 923: 612:by the National Endowment for the Humanities 504:: it was Knox, reviewing Leavitt's book for 459:Award for Dramatic Criticism for one of his 38:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to 1487:. John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation 1376: 1374: 661:(Yale University Press, 1957), reissued as 53:and maintains a consistent citation style. 1583:"PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award Winners" 1513:. Cornell University Department of English 1349: 1205: 1203: 1109: 908:History of the Center for Hellenic Studies 889:"Bernard Knox, 95, Classics Scholar, Dies" 1539:. American Academy of Arts & Sciences 1095: 1093: 986:International Institute of Social History 920: 903: 901: 883: 881: 879: 788: 299:, and received his B.A. in classics from 295:, Yorkshire, England. He was educated at 95:Learn how and when to remove this message 1723:PEN/Diamonstein-Spielvogel Award winners 1683:Classical scholars of Harvard University 1390:at NEH Website (retrieved May 25, 2009). 1371: 1368:at NEH website (retrieved May 25, 2009). 1045: 1024: 1022: 917:at CHS website (retrieved May 26, 2009). 709:(Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989), 680:(University of California Press, 1964), 1688:British people of the Spanish Civil War 1200: 970:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 722:The Norton Book of Classical Literature 447:The Norton Book of Classical Literature 225:The Norton Book of Classical Literature 1693:English emigrants to the United States 1673:Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge 1645: 1429:"Arlington National Cemetery Explorer" 1090: 898: 876: 854:Moses I. Finley, intro. Bernard Knox, 1713:Classical scholars of Yale University 1639:at the Database of Classical Scholars 1066: 1019: 594:National Endowment for the Humanities 578:American Academy of Arts and Sciences 515:National Endowment for the Humanities 291:Knox was born in 1914 in the City of 273:National Endowment for the Humanities 1718:Scholars of ancient Greek literature 1698:National Humanities Medal recipients 1452: 1296:(Oxford University Press US, 2005), 1267: 1032:The Oldest Dead White European Males 997: 535: 18: 1455:"Bernard Knox's Jedburgh Operation" 45:Please consider converting them to 13: 1453:Knox, Bernard (4 September 2010). 858:(New York Review of Books, 2002), 374:University of California, Berkeley 14: 1749: 1630: 938:website (retrieved May 25, 2009). 323:and Jan Kurzke. He served in the 1703:International Brigades personnel 1615:. American Philosophical Society 1294:Stephen Spender: a literary life 346:program, and he parachuted into 23: 1601: 1575: 1551: 1533:"Bernard MacGregor Walker Knox" 1525: 1499: 1473: 1446: 1421: 1410: 1393: 1332: 1315: 1286: 1261: 1242: 1223: 1183: 1166: 1149: 1130: 998:Knox, Bernard (July 15, 2001). 775:The Continuity of Greek Culture 665:(Yale University Press, 1998), 646:(Yale University Press, 1955), 626: 449:and also wrote extensively for 1085:War, Literature & the Arts 991: 978: 958: 941: 621:American Philosophical Society 584:American Philosophical Society 391:Stratford Shakespeare Festival 49:to ensure the article remains 1: 1589:. PEN America. April 28, 2016 870: 261:Bernard MacGregor Walker Knox 1268:Knox, Bernard (1993-09-12). 452:The New York Review of Books 340:Office of Strategic Services 311:, which he joined alongside 301:St John's College, Cambridge 286: 181:St John's College, Cambridge 7: 1708:United States Army officers 1433:Arlington National Cemetery 930:Bernard Knox author listing 565:production of Agamemnon at 269:Center for Hellenic Studies 10: 1754: 1663:English classical scholars 828:(Penguin Classics, 1997), 813:(Penguin Classics, 1991), 767:Articles and Book Chapters 1733:Harvard University alumni 1210:Christopher Lehmann-Haupt 1191:"Bringing Him Back Alive" 1121:"5 Arts Awards Announced" 707:Essays Ancient and Modern 604:Essays Ancient and Modern 483:Essays Ancient and Modern 455:. Knox received the 1977 247: 231:(1993); Introductions to 220: 210: 175: 165: 157: 140: 116: 109: 1270:"War Within and Without" 1236:New York Review of Books 1000:"Premature Anti-Fascist" 935:New York Review of Books 571:New York Review of Books 297:Battersea Grammar School 1417:http://chs.harvard.edu/ 974:(subscription required) 608:1992: Selected for the 445:Knox was the editor of 427:. Reviewing the Fagles 401:'s three Theban plays, 387:Encyclopædia Britannica 1678:Yale University alumni 1079:July 18, 2011, at the 798:(Viking Press, 1982), 796:The three Theban plays 789:Selected introductions 782:Premature Anti-Fascist 720:Bernard Knox, editor, 617:Thomas Jefferson Medal 305:International Brigades 275:selected Knox for the 1668:Writers from Bradford 1364:May 12, 2009, at the 1359:Charles Frankel Prize 856:The World of Odysseus 754:(W.W. Norton, 1994), 590:Charles Frankel Prize 582:1985: Elected to the 576:1977: Elected to the 561:, "for his review of 553:Guggenheim Fellowship 519:Charles Frankel Prize 393:. He taught the poet 1563:search.amphilsoc.org 1559:"APS Member History" 1346:, September 4, 1994. 1329:, February 20, 1994. 1197:, November 15, 1998. 1127:, September 2, 1990. 1063:, September 4, 2010. 502:While England Sleeps 463:pieces, a review of 1511:english.cornell.edu 1381:Jefferson Lecturers 1255:The Washington Post 1248:David Streitfield, 1072:Benjamin F. Jones, 569:, published in the 507:The Washington Post 1461:. The New Republic 1405:The New York Times 1386:2011-10-20 at the 1344:The New York Times 1327:The New York Times 1218:The New York Times 1195:The New York Times 1178:The New York Times 1161:The New York Times 1142:2009-03-02 at the 1137:Barnes Filmography 1125:The New York Times 1104:Cornell University 1028:Hugh Lloyd-Jones, 988:(IISH), Amsterdam. 953:The New York Times 913:2018-12-11 at the 895:, August 16, 2010. 893:The New York Times 494:World Within World 457:George Jean Nathan 434:The New York Times 325:United States Army 191:Harvard University 151:Bethesda, Maryland 1481:"Bernard M. Knox" 1338:Stephen Spender, 1302:978-0-19-517816-6 1292:John Sutherland, 1258:, March 11, 1990. 1220:, April 29, 1993. 1180:, March 29, 2008. 1005:Los Angeles Times 864:978-1-59017-017-5 849:978-0-670-03803-9 834:978-0-14-026886-7 819:978-0-14-044592-3 804:978-0-670-69805-9 760:978-0-393-03595-7 745:978-0-393-31233-1 730:978-0-393-03426-4 715:978-0-8018-3789-0 701:978-0-8018-3409-7 686:978-0-520-04957-4 671:978-0-585-37637-0 659:Oedipus at Thebes 652:978-0-300-00328-4 619:, awarded by the 610:Jefferson Lecture 536:Awards and honors 523:Jefferson Lecture 517:awarded Knox the 467:'s controversial 364:, and a PhD from 357:Italian Partisans 353:French resistance 309:Spanish Civil War 277:Jefferson Lecture 258: 257: 252:Jefferson Lecture 161:Professor, author 105: 104: 97: 55:Several templates 1745: 1728:Homeric scholars 1625: 1624: 1622: 1620: 1605: 1599: 1598: 1596: 1594: 1579: 1573: 1572: 1570: 1569: 1555: 1549: 1548: 1546: 1544: 1529: 1523: 1522: 1520: 1518: 1503: 1497: 1496: 1494: 1492: 1477: 1471: 1470: 1468: 1466: 1459:The New Republic 1450: 1444: 1443: 1441: 1439: 1425: 1419: 1414: 1408: 1397: 1391: 1378: 1369: 1356: 1347: 1336: 1330: 1319: 1313: 1290: 1284: 1283: 1281: 1280: 1265: 1259: 1246: 1240: 1239:, July 14, 1977. 1227: 1221: 1207: 1198: 1187: 1181: 1172:Charles McGrath, 1170: 1164: 1153: 1147: 1134: 1128: 1118: 1107: 1097: 1088: 1070: 1064: 1060:The New Republic 1049: 1043: 1026: 1017: 1016: 1014: 1012: 995: 989: 982: 976: 975: 962: 956: 955:, March 9, 1992. 945: 939: 927: 918: 905: 896: 887:Wolfgang Saxon, 885: 843:(Viking, 2006), 724:(Norton, 1993), 642:, Maynard Mack, 321:John Sommerfield 188: 147: 127:24 November 1914 126: 124: 107: 106: 100: 93: 89: 86: 80: 78: 67: 27: 26: 19: 1753: 1752: 1748: 1747: 1746: 1744: 1743: 1742: 1643: 1642: 1633: 1628: 1618: 1616: 1607: 1606: 1602: 1592: 1590: 1581: 1580: 1576: 1567: 1565: 1557: 1556: 1552: 1542: 1540: 1531: 1530: 1526: 1516: 1514: 1505: 1504: 1500: 1490: 1488: 1479: 1478: 1474: 1464: 1462: 1451: 1447: 1437: 1435: 1427: 1426: 1422: 1415: 1411: 1399:Nadine Drozan, 1398: 1394: 1388:Wayback Machine 1379: 1372: 1366:Wayback Machine 1357: 1350: 1337: 1333: 1320: 1316: 1291: 1287: 1278: 1276: 1274:Washington Post 1266: 1262: 1247: 1243: 1228: 1224: 1208: 1201: 1189:Oliver Taplin, 1188: 1184: 1171: 1167: 1154: 1150: 1144:Wayback Machine 1135: 1131: 1119: 1110: 1098: 1091: 1081:Wayback Machine 1071: 1067: 1050: 1046: 1042:, June 7, 1993. 1039:National Review 1027: 1020: 1010: 1008: 996: 992: 983: 979: 973: 963: 959: 947:Nadine Drozan, 946: 942: 928: 921: 915:Wayback Machine 906: 899: 886: 877: 873: 791: 629: 563:Andrei Serban’s 547:Croix de Guerre 538: 490:Stephen Spender 461:New York Review 317:Tom Wintringham 289: 200:Yale University 198: 189: 179: 153:, United States 149: 145: 128: 122: 120: 112: 101: 90: 84: 81: 69: 58: 44: 28: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1751: 1741: 1740: 1735: 1730: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1680: 1675: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1655: 1641: 1640: 1632: 1631:External links 1629: 1627: 1626: 1600: 1574: 1550: 1537:www.amacad.org 1524: 1498: 1472: 1445: 1420: 1409: 1407:, May 6, 1992. 1392: 1370: 1348: 1331: 1314: 1285: 1260: 1241: 1229:Bernard Knox, 1222: 1199: 1182: 1165: 1155:Chris Hedges, 1148: 1129: 1108: 1089: 1087:15:323 (2003). 1065: 1052:G.W. Bowersock 1044: 1034:-book reviews" 1018: 990: 977: 964:Clay, Diskin, 957: 940: 919: 897: 874: 872: 869: 868: 867: 852: 837: 822: 807: 790: 787: 786: 785: 779: 764: 763: 750:Bernard Knox, 748: 735:Bernard Knox, 733: 718: 705:Bernard Knox, 703: 691:Bernard Knox, 689: 676:Bernard Knox, 674: 657:Bernard Knox, 655: 640:Cleanth Brooks 638:Bernard Knox, 628: 625: 624: 623: 613: 606: 596: 586: 580: 574: 567:Lincoln Center 555: 549: 537: 534: 471:production of 469:Lincoln Center 333:Macgregor Knox 288: 285: 271:. In 1992 the 256: 255: 249: 248:Notable awards 245: 244: 222: 218: 217: 212: 208: 207: 177: 173: 172: 167: 163: 162: 159: 155: 154: 148:(aged 95) 142: 138: 137: 134:West Yorkshire 118: 114: 113: 110: 103: 102: 47:full citations 31: 29: 22: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1750: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1726: 1724: 1721: 1719: 1716: 1714: 1711: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1674: 1671: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1650: 1648: 1638: 1635: 1634: 1614: 1613:amphilsoc.org 1610: 1604: 1588: 1584: 1578: 1564: 1560: 1554: 1538: 1534: 1528: 1512: 1508: 1502: 1486: 1482: 1476: 1460: 1456: 1449: 1434: 1430: 1424: 1418: 1413: 1406: 1402: 1396: 1389: 1385: 1382: 1377: 1375: 1367: 1363: 1360: 1355: 1353: 1345: 1341: 1335: 1328: 1324: 1321:James Atlas, 1318: 1311: 1308:available at 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1289: 1275: 1271: 1264: 1257: 1256: 1251: 1250:"Book Report" 1245: 1238: 1237: 1232: 1231:"Chez Atreus" 1226: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1206: 1204: 1196: 1192: 1186: 1179: 1175: 1169: 1162: 1158: 1152: 1145: 1141: 1138: 1133: 1126: 1122: 1117: 1115: 1113: 1105: 1101: 1096: 1094: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1075: 1069: 1062: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1048: 1041: 1040: 1035: 1033: 1025: 1023: 1007: 1006: 1001: 994: 987: 981: 971: 967: 961: 954: 950: 944: 937: 936: 931: 926: 924: 916: 912: 909: 904: 902: 894: 890: 884: 882: 880: 875: 865: 861: 857: 853: 850: 846: 842: 838: 835: 831: 827: 823: 820: 816: 812: 808: 805: 801: 797: 793: 792: 783: 780: 778: 776: 772: 771: 770: 768: 761: 757: 753: 749: 746: 742: 738: 734: 731: 727: 723: 719: 716: 712: 708: 704: 702: 698: 694: 690: 687: 683: 679: 675: 672: 668: 664: 660: 656: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 636: 635: 633: 622: 618: 614: 611: 607: 605: 601: 597: 595: 591: 587: 585: 581: 579: 575: 572: 568: 564: 560: 556: 554: 550: 548: 544: 540: 539: 533: 530: 528: 524: 520: 516: 511: 509: 508: 503: 499: 498:David Leavitt 495: 491: 486: 484: 481:for his book 480: 476: 475: 470: 466: 465:Andrei Şerban 462: 458: 454: 453: 448: 443: 440: 439:Oliver Taplin 437:, classicist 436: 435: 430: 426: 425: 420: 416: 415: 410: 409: 404: 400: 396: 395:Robert Fagles 392: 388: 384: 383: 377: 375: 369: 367: 363: 358: 354: 349: 345: 341: 336: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 314: 313:John Cornford 310: 306: 302: 298: 294: 284: 282: 278: 274: 270: 266: 262: 253: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 223: 221:Notable works 219: 216: 213: 209: 205: 201: 196: 192: 186: 182: 178: 174: 171: 168: 164: 160: 156: 152: 143: 139: 135: 131: 119: 115: 108: 99: 96: 88: 76: 75:documentation 72: 65: 64:documentation 61: 56: 52: 48: 43: 41: 37: 32:This article 30: 21: 20: 1637:Bernard Knox 1617:. 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Bradford
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Harvard University
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Yale University
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Classics
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