1887:
1285:
617:
811:
1803:
214:
487:
397:
2629:
3211:
930:
180:
1334:
187:
918:
36:
1517:
1326:
of Berg shows a red lion with a double tail and blue crown, tongue, and claws – blazoned as: Argent a lion rampant gules, queue fourchée crossed in saltire, armed, langued, and crowned azure. This lion originates from the arms of the Duke of
Limburg as the Berg title in the 13th century fell to the
660:
caused the properties to pass to the husband of the female heir (women could not hold property except through a husband or a guardian). With the death of her father in 1511 the Dukes of Jülich-Berg became extinct, and the estate thus came under the rule of John III, Duke of Cleves — along with his
877:, King of Holland) became the Grand Duke of Berg; French bureaucrats administered the territory in the name of the child. The Grand Duchy's short existence came to an end with Napoleon's defeat in 1813 and the peace settlements that followed.
756:
During the 30 Years' War, even though there were no significant battles around Berg, the territories still had to deal with the stresses of war. At the end of the 30 Years' War, Wolfgang
Wilhelm tried to spread Catholicism in the duchies. The
2978:
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2964:
2252:
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213:
1791:
1769:
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1430:
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1605:
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1784:
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1008:
3565:
1799:
2136:
1777:
784:
disliked DĂĽsseldorf, because the estates there did not want to grant the funds he demanded. As such, he moved his capital from DĂĽsseldorf to
758:
3575:
3466:
1709:
1224:
738:
1704:
1189:
703:
1559:
1378:
The German episcopacy and the implementation of the decrees of the Fourth
Lateran Council : 1216–1245 : watchmen on the tower
3196:
1136:
1111:
3535:
3530:
762:
3560:
1457:"SEHEPUNKTE - Rezension von: Der Dreißigjährige Krieg im Herzogtum Berg und in seinen Nachbarregionen - Ausgabe 3 (2003), Nr. 7/8"
1168:
674:
621:
400:
3595:
723:
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1699:
1183:
692:
1827:
2956:
100:
3570:
1807:
1729:
1724:
1248:
789:
781:
219:
1482:
Encyclopædia
Britannica: or, A dictionary of arts, sciences, and miscellaneous literature, enlarged and improved, Volume 3
569:, which returned to the possession of the family line in the 16th century. The most powerful of the early rulers of Berg,
72:
2763:
1498:
Napoleon's decree in his quality of Grand Duke of Berg in
Intelligenz-Nachrichten, June 24, 1809 (Stück XXV), pp. 341–342
765:, still claimed the Duchy of Berg, and declared war, claiming to be the defender of protestants in Berg. This led to the
1684:
1148:
3354:
3140:
2343:
1926:
1527:
1440:
1413:
1386:
616:
1689:
1154:
637:
3555:
2440:
1480:
1284:
1242:
1230:
119:
79:
3545:
898:
810:
3515:
3434:
2896:
2353:
1719:
1714:
1236:
1855:
523:
707:
3550:
3384:
3364:
1734:
1552:
1521:
1254:
902:
605:
86:
57:
53:
1850:
3349:
3241:
3120:
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2811:
2806:
2692:
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1860:
1679:
1142:
3450:
2987:
2387:
1211:
773:
415:
17:
1840:
68:
2874:
1865:
1017:
179:
1758:
1310:
315:
3392:
3369:
3359:
3286:
3246:
2884:
2702:
2540:
2508:
1873:
1610:
1333:
947:
769:. In the following years however, tension over Berg between Neuburg and Brandenburg greatly decreased.
3326:
2676:
3510:
2991:
2911:
1625:
1545:
1046:
827:
3321:
2577:
186:
3271:
2849:
2842:
2671:
2489:
1906:
1835:
1694:
1350:
1177:
870:
629:
3301:
1615:
1600:
1260:
966:
574:
242:
46:
1921:
522:. It existed as a distinct political entity from the early 12th to the 19th centuries. It was a
396:
3610:
3505:
3397:
3374:
3266:
2906:
2837:
2287:
2161:
2115:
960:
854:. The anchor and the batons came to the party due to Murat's positions as Grand Admiral and as
826:
The French occupation (1794–1801) and annexation (1801) of Jülich (French: Juliers) during the
678:
1376:
3311:
3281:
3110:
3039:
2986:
2859:
2832:
2697:
2650:
2333:
2223:
2204:
2110:
2076:
2068:
1968:
1403:
1035:
855:
793:
682:
608:
elevated the counts of Berg to the rank of dukes, thus originating the Duchy of JĂĽlich-Berg.
562:, and in the 11th century became the most powerful dynasty in the region of the lower Rhine.
766:
3291:
3276:
3251:
3135:
3115:
2901:
2891:
2738:
2733:
2598:
2593:
2457:
2302:
2199:
2174:
1620:
1126:
1031:
890:
750:
742:
649:
645:
570:
93:
1890:
The Lower
Rhenish–Westphalian Circle (red) within the Holy Roman Empire (white) after 1548
686:
8:
3261:
3075:
3065:
2743:
2666:
2412:
2365:
2312:
2277:
2247:
2209:
2156:
1998:
1845:
1744:
1279:
1059:
934:
843:
805:
590:
573:
died in an assassination on
November 7, 1225. In 1280 the counts moved their court from
830:
separated the two duchies of JĂĽlich and Berg, and in 1803 Berg separated from the other
3413:
3344:
3256:
3186:
3125:
3085:
3080:
3070:
2816:
2567:
2485:
2469:
2379:
2189:
2184:
2042:
1990:
1674:
1655:
1635:
1215:
1207:
1073:
894:
886:
859:
715:
696:
586:
480:
411:
298:
3181:
1973:
1203:
719:
641:
601:
371:
3520:
3306:
3176:
3158:
3130:
3105:
3100:
3090:
3060:
3023:
2725:
2572:
2481:
2465:
2228:
2169:
2146:
2060:
2008:
1811:
1640:
1630:
1595:
1436:
1409:
1382:
1355:
1079:
1066:
994:
839:
657:
633:
527:
272:
3055:
2879:
2348:
2131:
1645:
1590:
1568:
1528:
Lwl.org: Edicts of Jülich, Cleves, Berg, Grand Duchy Berg, 1475–1815 (Coll. Scotti)
1085:
1024:
1001:
987:
746:
711:
2794:
838:. In 1806, in the reorganization of the German lands occasioned by the end of the
3429:
3191:
3004:
2995:
2918:
2869:
2784:
2779:
2614:
2477:
2449:
2123:
2105:
2092:
2003:
1959:
1585:
1264:
1042:
980:
874:
851:
819:
727:
666:
534:
388:
262:
147:
2748:
2453:
2214:
2141:
2100:
1963:
1576:
951:
922:
906:
866:
777:
565:
In 1160, the territory split into two portions, one of them later becoming the
384:
358:
161:
1456:
3499:
3481:
3468:
3296:
2864:
2854:
2789:
2758:
2013:
1916:
1886:
1819:
1753:
1532:
1298:
1289:
929:
847:
662:
566:
815:
582:
519:
248:
3210:
1936:
1898:
1323:
279:
204:
753:. During his reign, DĂĽsseldorf served as his center of court on occasion.
554:
The Counts of Berg emerged in 1101 as a junior line of the dynasty of the
3407:
3168:
3150:
2753:
1931:
1911:
1408:(New full ed.). Collegeville (Minn.): Liturgical Press. p. 56.
955:
835:
559:
467:
345:
332:
2538:
695:
was the second duke of the united Julich-Cleves-Berg. He introduced the
2047:
917:
865:
In 1809, one year after Murat's promotion from Grand Duke of Berg to
702:
However, the new ducal dynasty also became extinct in 1609, when the
653:
511:
35:
3222:
2801:
2552:
2402:
2397:
2084:
2055:
1982:
1954:
1537:
1304:
1129:(except 1404–1437) and after 1423 in union with the duchy of Jülich
785:
594:
1946:
850:. Murat's arms combined the red lion of Berg with the arms of the
673:) in a personal union. As a result of this union the dukes of the
3316:
3233:
3033:
3015:
2420:
2407:
831:
772:
Upon the extinction of the senior
Wittelsbach dynasty ruling the
604:
united with the County of Berg in 1348, and in 1380 the
Emperor
555:
515:
3421:
1516:
578:
197:
of
Bergins (from around 1225), who ruled the Duchy of Berg last
834:
territories and came under the rule of a junior branch of the
533:
The name of the county lives on in the modern geographic term
3444:
3336:
3047:
2257:
1533:
Hoeckmann.de: Historical Map of Northrhine-Westphalia in 1789
507:
2194:
2027:
2023:
799:
600:
The power of Berg grew further in the 14th century. The
3526:
Former states and territories of North Rhine-Westphalia
1261:
William of Palatinate-ZweibrĂĽcken-Birkenfeld-Gelnhausen
862:, Murat also had the right to use the imperial eagle.
1091:
1118:
681:, with the exception of the clerical states of the
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3601:1815 disestablishments in the German Confederation
1401:
880:
558:, which traced its roots back to the 9th-century
3497:
921:Map of the Duchy of Berg by French cartographer
788:, where it remained until the Elector Palatine,
846:, under the rule of Napoleon's brother-in-law,
741:, became duke. He was a member of the powerful
1195:
640:, who became heiress to her father's estates:
3591:1100s establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
3586:States and territories disestablished in 1815
2972:
2524:
1785:
1553:
222:around 1560, Duchy of Berg highlighted in red
873:(1804–1831, elder son of Napoleon's brother
718:, who had converted to Catholicism, annexed
139:
1160:
780:and generally made DĂĽsseldorf its capital.
739:Wolfgang Wilhelm, Count Palatine of Neuburg
153:
3581:States and territories established in 1101
2979:
2965:
2531:
2517:
1792:
1778:
1560:
1546:
212:
27:State of the Holy Roman Empire (1101–1815)
3606:1815 disestablishments in the Netherlands
3215:Europe at the height of Napoleon's Empire
1435:. Lightning Source UK Ltd. p. 1030.
1313:(under the regency of Napoléon Bonaparte)
611:
506:was a state—originally a county, later a
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
3541:States of the Confederation of the Rhine
1885:
1283:
928:
916:
901:. In 1822 this province united with the
809:
776:in 1685, the Neuburg line inherited the
722:and Berg; while Cleves and Mark fell to
615:
3566:Early modern history of the Netherlands
14:
3498:
1428:
1374:
858:. As the husband of Napoleon's sister
800:French revolution, Grand Duchy of Berg
724:John Sigismund, Elector of Brandenburg
710:to the various territories before the
2960:
2512:
1773:
1541:
1422:
1395:
1368:
1273:
1567:
1501:. Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum.
1485:. Google e-books. 1823. p. 570.
1169:United Duchies of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
675:United Duchies of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
622:United Duchies of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
3576:Medieval history of the Netherlands
1402:Butler, Alban; Burns, Paul (2000).
1381:. Leiden u.a.: Brill. p. 210.
1052:
1045:, heiress of Berg, marries in 1217
941:
733:
24:
1432:The English Cyclopaedia: Geography
1092:House of JĂĽlich(-Heimbach), Counts
869:, Napoleon's young nephew, Prince
589:fought on the winning side in the
25:
3622:
1509:
1119:House of JĂĽlich(-Heimbach), Dukes
973:
912:
200:
194:
3536:Duchies of the Holy Roman Empire
3531:Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle
3209:
2627:
1808:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle
1801:
1515:
1332:
1292:as Grand Duke of Berg and Cleves
822:. The palace burnt down in 1872.
485:
460:
395:
220:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle
185:
178:
34:
3561:Early modern history of Germany
1317:
1069:Count of Limburg, Count of Berg
726:, who subsequently also became
708:lengthy dispute over succession
677:controlled much of present-day
638:William IV, Duke of JĂĽlich-Berg
632:, made a strategic marriage to
45:needs additional citations for
1489:
1473:
1449:
1062:Duke of Limburg, Count of Berg
990:-Hövel (Huvili), Count of Berg
903:Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine
899:Province of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
881:Province of JĂĽlich-Cleves-Berg
13:
1:
3596:1101 establishments in Europe
1361:
1405:Butler's Lives of the Saints
1212:Electorate of the Palatinate
774:Electorate of the Palatinate
416:Electorate of the Palatinate
7:
3571:Medieval history of Germany
1344:
1196:House of Wittelsbach, Dukes
818:, 1798 copper engraving by
782:Elector Charles III Philipp
706:died insane. This led to a
155:Graafschap (Hertogdom) Berg
141:Grafschaft (Herzogtum) Berg
10:
3627:
3247:Confederation of the Rhine
2541:Confederation of the Rhine
2253:Blankenheim and Gerolstein
1277:
1210:, from 1690 also with the
803:
661:personal territories, the
544:
427:• Awarded to Prussia
3443:
3420:
3406:
3383:
3335:
3232:
3221:
3207:
3167:
3149:
3046:
3032:
3014:
3003:
2931:
2825:
2772:
2724:
2715:
2685:
2659:
2643:
2636:
2625:
2607:
2586:
2560:
2548:
2462:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
2429:
2378:
2324:
2240:
2035:
2022:
1945:
1897:
1883:
1818:
1743:
1664:
1575:
1047:Henry IV, Duke of Limburg
828:French revolutionary wars
716:Count Palatine of Neuburg
549:
537:, often misunderstood as
439:
435:
425:
408:
381:
368:
355:
342:
338:
328:
324:
309:
292:
288:
278:
268:
258:
235:
227:
211:
175:
170:
134:
3556:History of the Rhineland
1429:Knight, Charles (2012).
1375:Pixton, Paul B. (1995).
1351:List of consorts of Berg
1311:Napoléon Louis Bonaparte
1167:from 1521 a part of the
1161:House of La Marck, Dukes
1098:in union with Ravensberg
889:, Berg became part of a
871:Napoleon Louis Bonaparte
630:John III, Duke of Cleves
316:Napoléon Louis Bonaparte
3516:House of Limburg-Stirum
3302:Salm-Reifferscheid-Dyck
2497:Unencircled territories
1339:Heraldic shield of arms
967:Adolf II of Lotharingia
1891:
1293:
1214:, from 1777 also with
961:Adolf I of Lotharingia
938:
926:
823:
759:Elector of Brandenburg
679:North Rhine-Westphalia
625:
612:Problems of succession
560:Kingdom of Lotharingia
344:• Emergence from
154:
140:
136:County (Duchy) of Berg
3551:History of Gelderland
3546:History of DĂĽsseldorf
1889:
1287:
1114:; became duke in 1380
1036:Archbishop of Cologne
932:
920:
856:Marshal of the Empire
813:
794:Electorate of Bavaria
683:Archbishop of Cologne
619:
581:river to the town of
259:Common languages
3482:51.20722°N 6.81250°E
2992:French Revolutionary
2812:Mecklenburg-Strelitz
2807:Mecklenburg-Schwerin
1524:at Wikimedia Commons
1032:Engelbert II of Berg
948:Hermann I "Pusillus"
814:The ducal palace at
751:Electoral Palatinate
743:House of Wittelsbach
650:County of Ravensberg
571:Engelbert II of Berg
54:improve this article
3478: /
3197:Swiss Confederation
2476:Circles est. 1512:
2448:Circles est. 1500:
1810:(1500–1806) of the
1745:Grand Duchy of Berg
1280:Grand Duchy of Berg
983:, 1st Count of Berg
935:Grand Duchy of Berg
885:In 1815, after the
844:Grand Duchy of Berg
806:Grand Duchy of Berg
591:Battle of Worringen
410:• United with
383:• United with
370:• United with
3355:Lucca and Piombino
2444:
2437:
2433:
2190:Salm-Reifferscheid
1892:
1305:Napoléon Bonaparte
1294:
1274:French Grand Dukes
1208:Palatinate-Neuburg
939:
927:
895:Kingdom of Prussia
887:Congress of Vienna
860:Caroline Bonaparte
842:, Berg became the
824:
767:DĂĽsseldorf Cow War
699:into the duchies.
697:Gregorian Calendar
663:County of the Mark
652:, which under the
626:
587:Adolf VIII of Berg
567:County of the Mark
518:. Its capital was
481:Kingdom of Prussia
412:Palatinate-Neuburg
357:• Split with
3487:51.20722; 6.81250
3461:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3360:Massa and Carrara
3205:
3204:
2954:
2953:
2927:
2926:
2711:
2710:
2623:
2622:
2506:
2505:
2490:Electoral Rhenish
2446:status uncertain
2417:
2374:
2373:
2317:
2233:
2166:
2151:
2128:
2120:
2097:
2089:
2081:
2073:
2065:
2052:
2009:Nassau-Dillenburg
1995:
1987:
1878:
1870:
1832:
1812:Holy Roman Empire
1767:
1766:
1735:Maximilian Joseph
1520:Media related to
1461:www.sehepunkte.de
1356:Aachen fine cloth
1237:Johann Wilhelm II
840:Holy Roman Empire
763:Frederick Wilhelm
712:partition of 1614
687:Bishop of MĂĽnster
658:Holy Roman Empire
634:Maria von Geldern
541:(hilly country).
528:Holy Roman Empire
501:
500:
497:
496:
493:
492:
473:
472:
320:
311:• 1809-1813
305:
294:• 1360–1380
273:Absolute monarchy
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
3618:
3511:House of Limburg
3493:
3492:
3490:
3489:
3488:
3483:
3479:
3476:
3475:
3474:
3471:
3230:
3229:
3216:
3213:
3012:
3011:
2981:
2974:
2967:
2958:
2957:
2897:Schaumburg-Lippe
2722:
2721:
2641:
2640:
2631:
2558:
2557:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2510:
2509:
2445:
2439:without seat in
2438:
2434:
2415:
2315:
2283:Kerpen-Lommersum
2231:
2164:
2149:
2126:
2118:
2095:
2087:
2079:
2071:
2063:
2050:
2033:
2032:
1993:
1985:
1927:Stavelot–Malmedy
1876:
1868:
1830:
1806:
1805:
1804:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1771:
1770:
1730:Charles Theodore
1710:Wolfgang William
1569:Monarchs of Berg
1562:
1555:
1548:
1539:
1538:
1519:
1503:
1502:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1453:
1447:
1446:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1372:
1336:
1288:Coat of arms of
1255:Maximilian Josef
1225:Wolfgang Wilhelm
1190:Johann Wilhelm I
1053:House of Limburg
1038:, Regent of Berg
1004:, Count of Berg
988:Adolf II of Berg
942:House of Ezzonen
792:, inherited the
790:Charles Theodore
734:Wittelsbach Rule
693:William the Rich
602:County of JĂĽlich
489:
488:
477:
476:
464:
463:
457:
456:
441:
440:
399:
372:County of JĂĽlich
318:
304:
301:
216:
189:
182:
165:
157:
151:
143:
132:
131:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3620:
3619:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3496:
3495:
3486:
3484:
3480:
3477:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3462:
3453:
3439:
3416:
3402:
3379:
3331:
3225:
3217:
3214:
3201:
3163:
3145:
3042:
3028:
3006:
2999:
2996:Napoleonic Wars
2985:
2955:
2950:
2923:
2821:
2768:
2764:Weimar-Eisenach
2739:Gotha-Altenburg
2734:Coburg-Saalfeld
2717:
2707:
2681:
2655:
2632:
2619:
2603:
2582:
2550:
2544:
2537:
2507:
2502:
2501:
2443:
2436:
2432:
2425:
2370:
2326:
2320:
2236:
2018:
1941:
1893:
1881:
1814:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1768:
1763:
1739:
1720:John William II
1660:
1571:
1566:
1512:
1507:
1506:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1465:
1463:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1443:
1427:
1423:
1416:
1400:
1396:
1389:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1347:
1340:
1337:
1320:
1282:
1276:
1267:(administrator)
1265:Duke in Bavaria
1231:Phillip Wilhelm
1198:
1163:
1121:
1094:
1055:
1027:, Count of Berg
1020:, Count of Berg
1011:, Count of Berg
997:, Count of Berg
981:Adolf I of Berg
976:
969:, Vogt of Deutz
963:, Vogt of Deutz
944:
915:
883:
875:Louis Bonaparte
852:duchy of Cleves
820:Laurenz Janscha
808:
802:
736:
728:Duke of Prussia
667:Duchy of Cleves
614:
552:
547:
535:Bergisches Land
486:
461:
428:
418:
403:
391:
389:Duchy of Cleves
374:
361:
348:
312:
302:
295:
254:
223:
207:
198:
191:
190:
183:
166:
159:
152:
145:
137:
126:
115:
109:
106:
69:"Duchy of Berg"
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3624:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3459:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3426:
3424:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3341:
3339:
3333:
3332:
3330:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3279:
3274:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3238:
3236:
3227:
3219:
3218:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3173:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3147:
3146:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3128:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3052:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3038:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3027:
3026:
3020:
3018:
3009:
3001:
3000:
2984:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2961:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2942:
2939:
2936:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2909:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2888:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2829:
2827:
2826:Principalities
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2776:
2774:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2744:Hildburghausen
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2719:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2689:
2687:
2686:Principalities
2683:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2647:
2645:
2638:
2637:States created
2634:
2633:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2590:
2588:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2562:
2555:
2546:
2545:
2539:States of the
2536:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2513:
2504:
2503:
2500:
2499:
2493:
2473:
2430:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2351:
2341:
2336:
2330:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2226:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2159:
2154:
2153:
2152:
2144:
2139:
2129:
2121:
2113:
2108:
2103:
2098:
2090:
2082:
2074:
2066:
2058:
2053:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2030:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1988:
1980:
1971:
1966:
1957:
1951:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1922:KornelimĂĽnster
1919:
1914:
1909:
1903:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1871:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1824:
1822:
1820:Prince-bishops
1816:
1815:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1774:
1765:
1764:
1762:
1761:
1756:
1750:
1748:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1725:Charles Philip
1722:
1717:
1715:Philip William
1712:
1707:
1705:John William I
1702:
1697:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1582:
1580:
1577:County of Berg
1573:
1572:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1542:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1511:
1510:External links
1508:
1505:
1504:
1488:
1472:
1448:
1442:978-1277123517
1441:
1421:
1415:978-0814623879
1414:
1394:
1388:978-9004102620
1387:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1353:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1331:
1327:Limburg line.
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1307:
1301:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1270:
1269:
1268:
1251:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1227:
1202:in union with
1197:
1194:
1193:
1192:
1186:
1180:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1139:
1125:in union with
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1108:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1063:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1039:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1013:
1012:
998:
991:
984:
975:
974:House of Berge
972:
971:
970:
964:
958:
952:Count Palatine
943:
940:
923:Nicolas Sanson
914:
913:Rulers of Berg
911:
907:Rhine Province
882:
879:
867:King of Naples
804:Main article:
801:
798:
745:, which ruled
735:
732:
636:, daughter of
613:
610:
551:
548:
546:
543:
499:
498:
495:
494:
491:
490:
483:
474:
471:
470:
465:
453:
452:
447:
437:
436:
433:
432:
429:
426:
423:
422:
419:
409:
406:
405:
394:
392:
385:County of Mark
382:
379:
378:
375:
369:
366:
365:
362:
359:County of Mark
356:
353:
352:
349:
343:
340:
339:
336:
335:
330:
329:Historical era
326:
325:
322:
321:
313:
310:
307:
306:
296:
293:
290:
289:
286:
285:
282:
276:
275:
270:
266:
265:
260:
256:
255:
253:
252:
246:
239:
237:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
217:
209:
208:
192:
184:
177:
176:
173:
172:
168:
167:
138:
135:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3623:
3612:
3611:Duchy of Berg
3609:
3607:
3604:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3506:House of Berg
3504:
3503:
3501:
3494:
3491:
3452:
3448:
3446:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3411:
3409:
3405:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3385:Mediterranean
3382:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3334:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3318:
3315:
3313:
3310:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3298:
3297:Salm-Horstmar
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3242:Aschaffenburg
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3220:
3212:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3025:
3022:
3021:
3019:
3017:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3002:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2988:Client states
2982:
2977:
2975:
2970:
2968:
2963:
2962:
2959:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2912:Sondershausen
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2886:
2883:
2881:
2878:
2876:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2860:Lippe-Detmold
2858:
2856:
2855:Liechtenstein
2853:
2851:
2848:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2824:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:Other duchies
2771:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2726:Saxon duchies
2723:
2720:
2714:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2693:Aschaffenburg
2691:
2690:
2688:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2660:Grand Duchies
2658:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2630:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2587:Grand Duchies
2585:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2549:Rank elevated
2547:
2542:
2534:
2529:
2527:
2522:
2520:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2470:(Lower) Saxon
2467:
2463:
2459:
2458:Upper Rhenish
2455:
2451:
2442:
2441:Imperial Diet
2428:
2422:
2419:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2346:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2323:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2130:
2125:
2122:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2107:
2104:
2102:
2099:
2094:
2091:
2086:
2083:
2078:
2075:
2070:
2067:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1992:
1989:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1944:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1899:Prince-abbots
1896:
1888:
1875:
1872:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1795:
1790:
1788:
1783:
1781:
1776:
1775:
1772:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:Duchy of Berg
1663:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1563:
1558:
1556:
1551:
1549:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1522:Duchy of Berg
1518:
1514:
1513:
1500:
1499:
1492:
1484:
1483:
1476:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1444:
1438:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1417:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1398:
1390:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1371:
1367:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1348:
1335:
1330:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1322:The historic
1312:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1300:
1299:Joachim Murat
1296:
1295:
1291:
1290:Joachim Murat
1286:
1281:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1173:
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848:Joachim Murat
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539:bergiges Land
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3463:
3136:Transpadania
2833:Hohenzollern
2716:Pre-existing
2461:
2447:
2416:(until 1648)
2316:(until 1548)
2232:(until 1548)
2180:Reichenstein
2165:(until 1548)
2150:(until 1664)
2127:(until 1541)
2119:(until 1546)
2116:Manderscheid
2096:(until 1614)
2088:(until 1548)
2080:(until 1548)
2072:(until 1667)
2064:(until 1548)
2051:(until 1719)
1994:(until 1548)
1986:(until 1548)
1977:
1877:(until 1648)
1869:(until 1548)
1831:(until 1678)
1665:
1621:Engelbert II
1497:
1491:
1481:
1475:
1464:. Retrieved
1460:
1451:
1431:
1424:
1404:
1397:
1377:
1370:
1324:coat of arms
1321:
1318:Coat of arms
1249:Karl Theodor
1243:Karl Phillip
1201:
1199:
1166:
1164:
1124:
1122:
1097:
1095:
1007:c.1140-1148
905:to form the
884:
864:
836:Wittelsbachs
825:
771:
755:
737:
701:
691:
670:
627:
599:
575:Schloss Burg
564:
553:
538:
532:
524:member state
503:
502:
450:Succeeded by
449:
444:
319:(Grand Duke)
303:(first duke)
280:Duke of Berg
243:Schloss Burg
205:Duke of Berg
201:Coat of arms
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
18:Berg (state)
3485: /
3408:Netherlands
3322:WĂĽrttemberg
3169:Switzerland
3151:Netherlands
3111:Parthenopea
2998:(1792–1815)
2902:Schwarzburg
2843:Sigmaringen
2578:WĂĽrttemberg
2543:(1806–1813)
2486:Upper Saxon
2435:until 1648
2361:Spiegelberg
2334:Delmenhorst
2205:Tecklenburg
2069:East Frisia
1969:East Frisia
1747:(1806–1813)
1700:William III
1668:(1380–1806)
1611:Engelbert I
1579:(1071–1380)
1184:William III
1018:Engelbert I
956:Lotharingia
685:and of the
624:around 1540
620:Map of the
468:Lotharingia
445:Preceded by
431:9 June 1815
346:Lotharingia
333:Middle Ages
251:(1280–1815)
245:(1101–1280)
218:Map of the
3500:Categories
3470:51°12′26″N
3370:Pontecorvo
3312:Westphalia
3287:Regensburg
3223:Napoleonic
3126:Subalpinia
3086:Cispadania
3081:Cisalpinia
2947:until 1811
2941:until 1809
2938:until 1810
2907:Rudolstadt
2880:Lobenstein
2703:Regensburg
2651:Westphalia
2482:Burgundian
2466:Franconian
2431:from 1648
2344:Schaumburg
2288:Myllendonk
2273:Hallermund
2200:Schaumburg
2175:Ravensberg
2162:Overijssel
2147:Dillenburg
2048:Bronkhorst
1690:William IV
1675:William II
1656:William II
1651:Gerhard VI
1636:Adolf VIII
1466:2024-08-24
1362:References
1309:1809–1813
1303:1808–1809
1297:1806–1808
1278:See also:
1259:1803–1806
1253:1799–1806
1247:1742–1799
1241:1716–1742
1235:1679–1716
1229:1653–1679
1223:1614–1653
1188:1592–1609
1182:1539–1592
1176:1511–1539
1155:Wilhelm II
1153:1475–1511
1147:1437–1475
1141:1408–1437
1135:1380–1408
1127:Ravensberg
1112:Wilhelm II
1110:1360–1380
1104:1348–1360
1084:1308–1348
1078:1296–1308
1074:Adolf VIII
1072:1259–1296
1065:1247–1259
1058:1218–1247
1041:1218–1248
1030:1218–1225
1023:1189–1218
1016:1160–1189
1000:1132–1160
993:1093–1132
986:1082–1093
979:1077–1082
816:DĂĽsseldorf
778:Electorate
654:Salic laws
606:Wenceslaus
583:DĂĽsseldorf
520:DĂĽsseldorf
299:Wilhelm II
269:Government
249:DĂĽsseldorf
110:March 2013
80:newspapers
3473:6°48′45″E
3272:Frankfurt
3226:creations
3131:Tiberinia
3007:republics
2944:from 1809
2935:from 1810
2870:Ebersdorf
2838:Hechingen
2817:Oldenburg
2749:Meiningen
2672:Frankfurt
2366:Steinfurt
2327:uncertain
2298:Schleiden
2278:Holzappel
2268:Gronsfeld
2241:From 1792
2224:Beilstein
2220:Winneburg
2210:Virneburg
2157:Oldenburg
2077:Groningen
2036:From 1500
1991:Luxemburg
1861:Paderborn
1856:OsnabrĂĽck
1754:Joachim I
1685:Gerhard I
1641:William I
1631:Adolf VII
1596:Adolf III
1137:William I
1080:William I
1067:Adolf VII
995:Adolf III
796:in 1777.
704:last duke
628:In 1509,
597:in 1288.
512:Rhineland
171:1101–1815
3521:Ezzonids
3327:WĂĽrzburg
3187:Rauracia
3177:Helvetia
3116:Piedmont
3040:Connacht
2850:Isenburg
2802:Arenberg
2785:Bernburg
2759:Eisenach
2677:WĂĽrzburg
2644:Kingdoms
2561:Kingdoms
2553:Napoleon
2478:Austrian
2450:Bavarian
2403:Duisburg
2398:Dortmund
2339:Fagnolle
2303:Wickrath
2293:Reckheim
2185:Rietberg
2085:Guelders
2056:Diepholz
2043:Bentheim
1983:Guelders
1955:Arenberg
1695:John III
1646:Adolf IX
1616:Adolf VI
1601:Adolf IV
1591:Adolf II
1345:See also
1086:Adolf IX
1060:Henry IV
1025:Adolf VI
1002:Adolf IV
937:in 1812.
925:in 1696.
891:province
832:Bavarian
786:Mannheim
749:and the
665:and the
648:and the
595:Guelders
593:against
585:. Count
510:—in the
414:and the
3414:Holland
3375:Tuscany
3345:Etruria
3317:Wetzlar
3257:Bavaria
3234:Germany
3182:Lemania
3159:Batavia
3101:Liguria
3076:Brescia
3071:Bologna
3066:Bergamo
3034:Ireland
3016:Germany
2990:of the
2919:Waldeck
2885:Schleiz
2608:Duchies
2568:Bavaria
2495:
2454:Swabian
2421:Warburg
2408:Herford
2393:Cologne
2313:Utrecht
2263:Gimborn
2229:Zutphen
2170:Pyrmont
2142:Hadamar
2061:Drenthe
1947:Secular
1917:Herford
1866:Utrecht
1851:MĂĽnster
1828:Cambrai
1759:Louis I
1626:Henry I
1606:Adolf V
1586:Adolf I
1216:Bavaria
1149:Gerhard
1106:Gerhard
1043:Irmgard
1009:Adolf V
893:of the
747:Bavaria
656:of the
577:on the
556:Ezzonen
545:History
526:of the
516:Germany
236:Capital
203:of the
199:Right:
94:scholar
3435:Danzig
3430:Warsaw
3422:Poland
3365:Naples
3307:Saxony
3267:Erfurt
3192:Valais
3141:Venice
3061:Ancona
3005:Sister
2795:Köthen
2790:Dessau
2780:Anhalt
2754:Weimar
2718:states
2615:Nassau
2573:Saxony
2492:
2413:Verden
2388:Aachen
2380:Cities
2325:Status
2308:Wittem
2248:Anholt
2132:Nassau
2106:Lingen
2024:Counts
2014:Verden
1999:Minden
1974:JĂĽlich
1960:Cleves
1937:Werden
1907:Corvey
1874:Verden
1846:Minden
1836:Corvey
1439:
1412:
1385:
1204:JĂĽlich
1178:Johann
897:: the
720:JĂĽlich
714:: the
642:JĂĽlich
579:Wupper
550:Ascent
284:
263:German
228:Status
193:Left:
158:
148:German
144:
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3451:Spain
3445:Spain
3398:Egypt
3393:Malta
3350:Italy
3337:Italy
3282:Leyen
3277:Hesse
3252:Baden
3106:Lucca
3096:Italy
3091:Crema
3048:Italy
3024:Mainz
2875:Greiz
2865:Reuss
2698:Leyen
2599:Hesse
2594:Baden
2354:Lippe
2349:Hesse
2258:Gemen
2124:Moers
2111:Lippe
2093:Horne
2028:Lords
2004:Moers
1962:with
1932:Thorn
1912:Essen
1841:Liège
1680:Adolf
1143:Adolf
671:Kleve
508:duchy
231:Duchy
162:Dutch
101:JSTOR
87:books
3292:Salm
3262:Berg
3121:Rome
3056:Alba
2994:and
2892:Salm
2667:Berg
2222:and
2215:Wied
2195:Sayn
2137:Diez
2101:Hoya
1978:Berg
1964:Mark
1437:ISBN
1410:ISBN
1383:ISBN
1206:und
933:The
646:Berg
504:Berg
404:1521
387:and
377:1348
364:1160
351:1101
195:Arms
73:news
2551:by
954:of
730:.
514:of
56:by
3502::
2488:,
2484:,
2480:,
2468:,
2464:,
2460:,
2456:,
2452:,
2026:/
1459:.
1263:,
1200:–
1172:–
1165:–
1131:–
1123:–
1100:–
1096:–
1034:,
950:,
909:.
761:,
689:.
644:,
530:.
2980:e
2973:t
2966:v
2532:e
2525:t
2518:v
1976:–
1793:e
1786:t
1779:v
1561:e
1554:t
1547:v
1469:.
1445:.
1418:.
1391:.
1218:–
669:(
401:→
164:)
160:(
150:)
146:(
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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