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352:: Although the entirety of the umbilical cord remnant sits out with the umbilical collar, the centre of the knot is inset by a deep fissure. Unlike a split outie, in this form the fissure is contained centrally and does not extend past the umbilical cord remnant in any direction, much akin to a 'donut' shape.
597:
Omphalophobia is the fear of belly buttons. People suffering from omphalophobia are terrified of belly buttons—their own or, in some cases, those of others. They do not like touching their belly buttons (or even other people touching it). Sometimes just seeing a belly button is enough to make them
822:
562:
or more. The diameter of an umbilical hernia is usually 1/2-inch or more. Navels that are concave are nicknamed "innies". While the shape of the human navel may be affected by long term changes to diet and exercise, unexpected change in shape may be the result of
657:
is a shirt that often exposes the belly button and has become more common among young people. Exposure of the male navel has rarely been stigmatised and has become particularly popular in recent years, due to the strong resurgence of the male crop top and male
696:
in northern Japan, three small balls indicating the breasts and navel were pasted onto flat clay objects to represent the female body. The navel was exaggerated in size, informed by the belief that the navel symbolized the center where life began.
1499:
301:
Parts of the adult navel include the "umbilical cord remnant" or "umbilical tip", which is the often protruding scar left by the detachment of the umbilical cord. This is located in the center of the navel, sometimes described as the
1394:
772:
1164:
Meier, Donald E.; OlaOlorun, David A.; Omodele, Rachael A.; Nkor, Sunday K.; Tarpley, John L. (2001). "Incidence of
Umbilical Hernia in African Children: Redefinition of 'Normal' and Reevaluation of Indications for Repair".
340:: The protruding umbilical cord scar extends outwards, but is cleft in two by a fissure which extends part or all the way through the umbilical cord scar. This form is similar in appearance to a coffee bean.
558:; however, they are a completely different shape with no health concern, unlike an umbilical hernia. The navel (specifically abdominal wall) would be considered an umbilical hernia if the protrusion were 5
1490:
1398:
1804:
1207:
Ceccanti, Silvia, et al. "Umbilical cord sparing technique for repair of congenital hernia into the cord and small omphalocele." Journal of
Pediatric Surgery 52.1 (2017): 192-196.
857:
807:
574:
or fistula, which in rare cases can lead to menstrual or fecal discharge from the navel. Menstrual discharge from the umbilicus is a rare disorder associated with umbilical
286:
on the abdomen, with its position being relatively consistent among humans. The skin around the waist at the level of the umbilicus is supplied by the tenth thoracic
1722:
Moreau, Corrie S.; Hulcr, Jiri; Latimer, Andrew M.; Henley, Jessica B.; Rountree, Nina R.; Fierer, Noah; Lucky, Andrea; Lowman, Margaret D.; Dunn, Robert R. (2012).
177:
842:
310:. Surrounding the umbilical collar is the periumbilical skin. Directly behind the navel is a thick fibrous cord formed from the umbilical cord, called the
1816:
425:
1872:
1218:
321:
The belly button is unique to each individual due to it being a scar, and various general forms have been classified by medical practitioners.
1420:
Bruekers, Sven E.; van der Lei, Berend; Tan, Tik L.; Luijendijk, Roland W.; Stevens, Hieronymus P. J. D. (2009). "'Scarless' Umbilicoplasty".
153:
760:
497:
328:: A navel consisting of the umbilical tip protruding past the periumbilical skin is an outie. Essentially any navel which is not concave.
570:
In addition to change in shape being a possible side effect from ascites and umbilical hernias, the navel can be involved in umbilical
1012:
1775:
Piskun, Gregory; Rajpal, Sanjeev (1999). "Transumbilical
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Utilizes No Incisions Outside the Umbilicus".
653:. Female navel exposure was banned in some jurisdictions, but community perceptions have changed to this now being acceptable. The
1320:
Fleisher, Gary R. Textbook of
Pediatric Emergency Medicine. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006, p. 928.
1583:
1463:
1148:
1119:
1086:
1865:
872:
1555:
995:
1042:
Khati, Nadia J.; Enquist, Erik G.; Javitt, Marcia C. (1998). "Imaging of the
Umbilicus and Periumbilical Region".
673:
While the West was relatively resistant to navel-baring clothing until the 1980s, it has long been a fashion with
1858:
607:
To minimize scarring, the navel is a recommended site of incision for various surgeries, including transgastric
360:: A navel in which the umbilical tip does not protrude past the periumbilical skin. Any navel which is concave.
884:
294:). The umbilicus itself typically lies at a vertical level corresponding to the junction between the L3 and L4
1522:
1628:
172:
31:
836:
uniform which exposes her midriff and belly button while running at the
Birmingham Indoor Grand Prix in 2022
1648:
Craig, Stefan B.; Faller, Mary S.; Puckett, Charles L. (2000). "In Search of the Ideal Female
Umbilicus".
628:
17:
388:: As the name states, the scar is in the shape of a T, and may have superior hooding to various extent.
521:
413:
136:
1238:"Menstruating from the umbilicus as a rare case of primary umbilical endometriosis: a case report"
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46:
42:
35:
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1395:"SRMC Surgeon Offers Gallbladder Removal through Belly Button Incision with da Vinci System"
921:
449:
1735:
1491:"Men in crop tops seem to be trending thanks to Kid Cudi, the social media and the catwalk"
373:
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8:
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is a popular art form that consists of dance movements focused on the torso and navel.
382:: This form consists of three variants; superior hooding, inferior hooding, no hooding.
1705:
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346:: The umbilical cord remnant is completely divulged, exposing the full umbilical scar.
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1724:"A Jungle in There: Bacteria in Belly Buttons are Highly Diverse, but Predictable"
2021:
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306:. Around the cord remnant is the "umbilical collar", formed by the dense fibrous
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372:: Some navels present in the form of a more elongate hollow parallel with the
2304:
2213:
2203:
1567:
1523:"We talked to a 'crop top historian' about the comeback of the male crop top"
1254:
1011:
O'Rahilly, Ronan; MĂĽller, Fabiola; Carpenter, Stanley; Swenson, Rand (2004).
575:
268:
1330:
Kaehler, G.; Schoenberg, M. B.; Kienle, P.; Post, S.; Magdeburg, R. (2013).
1288:
165:
2198:
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1714:
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1677:
Gabriele, Raimondo; Conte, Marco; Egidi, Federico; Borghese, Mario (2005).
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1576:
Japanese
Prehistory: The Material and Spiritual Culture of the JĹŤmon Period
1441:
1357:
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612:
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1375:"Scarless Surgery Through The Navel Feasible Alternative For Appendicitis"
1178:
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2109:
1971:
1956:
1850:
1600:"Belly Dance History – A History of Belly Dancing « Belly Dance org"
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705:
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238:
298:, with a normal variation among people between the L3 and L5 vertebrae.
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2126:
2077:
1951:
1903:
1895:
1889:
1805:"New meaning to 'navel-gazing': Scientists study belly button bacteria"
848:
587:
559:
279:
The umbilicus is used to visually separate the abdomen into quadrants.
79:
2225:
2104:
1941:
1397:(Press release). Southeastern Health. 9 December 2013. Archived from
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1331:
739:
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406:: Any navel which does not fit well into any of the other categories.
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334:: A rare form in which the umbilical cord scar forms a swirl shape.
244:
have a navel, although it is generally more conspicuous in humans.
27:
Scarred area on the abdomen after detachment of the umbilical cord
2168:
2114:
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2050:
1936:
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988:
Clinical
Anatomy: Applied Anatomy for Students and Junior Doctors
782:
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baring her midriff and outie belly button during a tennis match
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have long had a special regard for the navel. During the early
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394:: The scar is the least visible, as the natural lines of the
266:
The navel is the centre of the circle in this drawing of the
124:
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2013:
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1983:
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1079:
Adult Umbilical Reconstruction: Principles and Techniques
816:
baring her midriff and belly button while singing in 2012
1721:
1017:
Basic Human Anatomy: A Regional Study of Human Structure
866:'s outie belly button while she prepares to shoot a bow
778:
Japanese women performing a traditional Japanese dance
366:: Round navels are completely circular with no hooding.
41:"Innie" and "Outie" redirect here. For other uses, see
742:
is sometimes described as being located at the navel.
1102:
Mohamed, Fahmy (2018). "Umbilicus Types and Shapes".
1143:. Australia: W.B.Saunders Company. p. 1.1–1.7.
662:. The navel and midriff are often also displayed in
590:, an inflammatory condition of the umbilicus in the
503:
Woman flipping her innie belly button into an outie
30:"Belly button" redirects here. For other uses, see
1647:
1489:
1229:
1041:
730:, the navel is seen as the main energy centre, or
229:) is a protruding, flat, or hollowed area on the
2302:
1286:
1546:Banerjee, Mukulika & Miller, Daniel (2003)
1236:Bagade, Pallavi V; Guirguis, Mamdouh M (2009).
967:. Openstax college at Connexions. 25 April 2013
622:
1235:
1134:
790:
780:
1866:
878:Fitness competitor exposing her belly button
1774:
1578:. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 114–5.
1372:
1157:
633:The public exposure of the male and female
1880:
1873:
1859:
1572:"First Indications of Symbolic Expression"
1019:. Dartmouth Medical School. Archived from
594:, usually caused by a bacterial infection.
1757:
1747:
1704:
1694:
1679:"Umbilical metastases: current viewpoint"
1347:
1263:
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14:
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1305:
1287:D'Alessandro, Donna M. (2 June 2008).
1854:
1520:
1289:"What's Wrong With His Belly Button?"
1081:. Switzerland: Springer. p. 53.
985:
1514:
1456:
1095:
1035:
890:Woman with a pierced belly button
1629:"Belly Button Biodiversity Project"
1216:
1106:. Egypt: Springer. pp. 105–8.
210:
24:
1683:World Journal of Surgical Oncology
1650:Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
1621:
1056:10.1148/radiographics.18.2.9536487
581:
554:Outies are sometimes mistaken for
431:One of many variations of an outie
25:
2332:
1832:
1521:Ktena, Natalie (28 August 2018).
1502:from the original on 18 June 2022
1838:
1662:10.1097/00006534-200001000-00062
1308:Williams Obstetrics: The Newborn
1077:Shiffman, Melvin (2017). "7.3".
883:
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788:in navel-exposing attire in the
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62:
1815:. 14 April 2011. Archived from
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1413:
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1323:
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1242:Journal of Medical Case Reports
1210:
1201:
1135:Stephen Cullen, Thomas (1916).
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979:
939:
791:
781:
637:and bare navel was considered
541:The navel of a female after a
233:at the attachment site of the
13:
1:
1373:Sarah Glynn (12 April 2013).
1332:"Transgastric appendicectomy"
1310:(24th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
932:
282:The umbilicus is a prominent
32:Belly button (disambiguation)
1749:10.1371/journal.pone.0047712
1434:10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181877b60
1112:10.1007/978-3-319-62383-2_22
1104:Umbilicus and Umbilical Cord
677:women, often displayed with
623:Fashion, society and culture
598:feel disgusted or terrified.
549:
314:, which originates from the
247:
7:
1464:"New code may reveal navel"
895:
629:Cultural views on the navel
10:
2337:
1336:British Journal of Surgery
965:"Anatomy & Physiology"
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251:
40:
29:
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2144:
2135:
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2012:
1902:
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1550:. Oxford; New York: Berg
1422:Annals of Plastic Surgery
205:(clinically known as the
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118:
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56:
1255:10.1186/1752-1947-3-9326
1167:World Journal of Surgery
766:A man wearing a crop top
641:at times in the past in
221:; commonly known as the
527:Deep innie belly button
1882:Human regional anatomy
1789:10.1089/lap.1999.9.361
1696:10.1186/1477-7819-3-13
986:Ellis, Harold (2006).
546:
543:laparoscopic procedure
396:tendinous intersection
276:
185:Anatomical terminology
47:Outie (disambiguation)
43:Innie (disambiguation)
36:Navel (disambiguation)
1179:10.1007/s002680020072
947:"Definition of NAVEL"
627:Further information:
540:
533:Clinical significance
265:
1847:at Wikimedia Commons
922:Umbilical microbiome
722:of the navel as the
1740:2012PLoSO...747712H
1293:Pediatric Education
1217:Herrine, Steven K.
990:. New York: Wiley.
953:. 24 November 2023.
645:, being considered
398:fold over the scar.
1468:Mohave Daily Miner
1379:Medical News Today
619:procedure itself.
547:
419:A "T"-shaped navel
277:
2298:
2297:
2294:
2293:
1843:Media related to
1585:978-3-447-04329-8
1401:on 4 January 2015
1223:The Merck Manuals
1150:978-0-7334-2609-4
1121:978-3-319-62382-5
1088:978-3-319-43885-6
1013:"Abdominal walls"
615:surgery, and the
556:umbilical hernias
274:Leonardo da Vinci
199:
198:
194:
16:(Redirected from
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2073:Vertebral column
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1631:. Archived from
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258:Umbilical artery
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191:edit on Wikidata
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101:Umbilical artery
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1819:on 26 July 2016
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1635:on 30 July 2016
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1470:. 24 March 1985
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1023:on 24 July 2012
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1734:(11): e47712.
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1604:bellydance.org
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1568:Naumann, Nelly
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660:navel piercing
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621:
617:umbilicoplasty
609:appendicectomy
604:
601:
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583:
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551:
548:
534:
531:
530:
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519:
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495:
493:
491:An outie navel
490:
483:
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479:An innie navel
478:
471:
469:
467:An innie navel
466:
459:
457:
454:
447:
445:
443:An innie navel
442:
435:
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401:
400:
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389:
383:
377:
367:
355:
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341:
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308:umbilical ring
254:Umbilical vein
249:
246:
235:umbilical cord
197:
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187:
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175:
169:
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163:
157:
156:
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145:
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133:
132:
127:
121:
120:
116:
115:
113:Umbilical vein
110:
104:
103:
98:
92:
91:
89:Ductus venosus
85:Umbilical cord
82:
76:
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71:
70:
67:
59:
58:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2333:
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1697:
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1680:
1675:
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1663:
1659:
1656:(1): 389–92.
1655:
1651:
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1630:
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1605:
1601:
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1556:1-85973-732-3
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1044:Radiographics
1038:
1022:
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997:1-4051-3804-1
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982:
966:
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769:
762:
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754:Belly dancers
750:
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743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
718:refer to the
717:
713:
709:
707:
706:belly dancing
703:
698:
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579:
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576:endometriosis
573:
568:
566:
561:
557:
544:
539:
523:
518:
511:
506:
499:
494:
487:
482:
475:
470:
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458:
455:An oval navel
451:
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348:
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332:Swirly/spiral
330:
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319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
299:
297:
293:
289:
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270:
269:Vitruvian Man
264:
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220:
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208:
204:
192:
186:
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117:
114:
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109:
105:
102:
99:
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86:
83:
81:
77:
72:
68:A human navel
65:
60:
55:
52:
48:
44:
37:
33:
19:
2065:
2022:Adam's apple
1821:. Retrieved
1817:the original
1808:
1783:(4): 361–4.
1780:
1776:
1731:
1727:
1686:
1682:
1653:
1649:
1637:. Retrieved
1633:the original
1607:. Retrieved
1603:
1594:
1575:
1562:
1547:
1542:
1532:14 September
1530:. Retrieved
1526:
1516:
1504:. Retrieved
1495:
1484:
1472:. Retrieved
1467:
1458:
1428:(1): 15–20.
1425:
1421:
1415:
1403:. Retrieved
1399:the original
1389:
1378:
1342:(7): 911–5.
1339:
1335:
1325:
1316:
1307:
1301:
1292:
1282:
1245:
1241:
1231:
1212:
1203:
1173:(5): 645–8.
1170:
1166:
1159:
1140:
1130:
1103:
1097:
1078:
1072:
1050:(2): 413–4.
1047:
1043:
1037:
1025:. Retrieved
1021:the original
1016:
1006:
987:
981:
969:. Retrieved
959:
950:
941:
902:Alvinolagnia
789:
779:
710:
699:
694:JĹŤmon period
687:
672:
632:
613:gall bladder
606:
569:
553:
403:
391:
385:
379:
369:
363:
357:
349:
343:
337:
331:
325:
320:
304:belly button
303:
300:
288:spinal nerve
281:
278:
267:
227:tummy button
226:
223:belly button
222:
218:
214:
206:
202:
200:
154:A01.2.04.005
129:
51:
1609:24 December
1027:10 November
971:16 November
864:Sofie Dossi
560:centimeters
219:umbilicuses
119:Identifiers
18:Bellybutton
2305:Categories
2189:Fingernail
1506:30 January
933:References
849:Katie Swan
700:In Arabic-
670:are worn.
666:, or when
588:Omphalitis
392:Horizontal
374:linea alba
344:Protrusion
252:See also:
2105:Genitalia
1823:16 August
1689:(1): 13.
1450:206034192
1405:16 August
1219:"Ascites"
1141:Umbilicus
704:culture,
702:Levantine
550:Disorders
404:Distorted
296:vertebrae
292:dermatome
248:Structure
239:placental
207:umbilicus
130:umbilicus
80:Precursor
2316:Scarring
2234:Buttocks
2154:Shoulder
1989:Mandible
1922:Forehead
1813:NBC News
1809:Body Odd
1797:10488834
1768:23144827
1728:PLOS ONE
1715:15723695
1670:10627008
1639:15 April
1570:(2000).
1548:The Sari
1500:Archived
1474:20 April
1442:19546666
1366:24285562
1358:23575528
1274:20062755
1248:: 9326.
1195:22628578
1187:11369993
917:Omphalos
896:See also
798:2006 at
736:Hinduism
724:manipura
716:Hinduism
712:Buddhism
690:Japanese
683:lehengas
655:crop top
651:indecent
647:immodest
386:T-shaped
370:Vertical
215:umbilici
2311:Abdomen
2279:Toenail
2169:Forearm
2115:Scrotum
2061:Midriff
2051:Abdomen
2044:(Trunk)
1994:Occiput
1937:Eyebrow
1759:3492386
1736:Bibcode
1265:2803849
1064:9536487
783:Yosakoi
732:dantian
664:bikinis
635:midriff
603:Surgery
592:newborn
565:ascites
350:Circlet
316:bladder
312:urachus
242:mammals
231:abdomen
142:D014472
74:Details
2214:Little
2204:Middle
2184:Finger
2159:Axilla
2100:Pelvis
2093:Nipple
2088:Breast
2083:Thorax
2027:Throat
2004:Temple
1967:Tongue
1947:Eyelid
1845:Navels
1795:
1766:
1756:
1713:
1706:552325
1703:
1668:
1582:
1554:
1448:
1440:
1364:
1356:
1272:
1262:
1193:
1185:
1147:
1118:
1085:
1062:
994:
738:, the
728:qigong
720:chakra
675:Indian
237:. All
96:Artery
2321:Navel
2264:Ankle
2244:Thigh
2199:Index
2194:Thumb
2174:Wrist
2164:Elbow
2137:Limbs
2120:Vulva
2110:Penis
2066:Navel
2056:Waist
2042:Torso
1999:Scalp
1972:Tooth
1957:Mouth
1927:Cheek
1446:S2CID
1362:S2CID
1191:S2CID
800:KĹŤchi
734:. In
726:. In
679:saris
639:taboo
572:sinus
364:Round
358:Innie
338:Split
326:Outie
290:(T10
203:navel
189:[
178:61584
125:Latin
57:Navel
2284:Sole
2269:Heel
2259:Foot
2254:Calf
2249:Knee
2209:Ring
2179:Hand
2127:Anus
2078:Back
2032:Nape
2014:Neck
1952:Nose
1932:Chin
1917:Face
1912:Hair
1904:Head
1896:Skin
1890:Body
1825:2015
1793:PMID
1764:PMID
1711:PMID
1666:PMID
1641:2020
1611:2018
1580:ISBN
1552:ISBN
1534:2018
1508:2019
1476:2012
1438:PMID
1407:2015
1354:PMID
1270:PMID
1183:PMID
1145:ISBN
1116:ISBN
1083:ISBN
1060:PMID
1029:2010
992:ISBN
973:2013
714:and
688:The
380:Oval
284:scar
256:and
201:The
149:TA98
137:MeSH
108:Vein
45:and
34:and
2274:Toe
2239:Hip
2226:Leg
2146:Arm
1984:Jaw
1979:Ear
1962:Lip
1942:Eye
1785:doi
1754:PMC
1744:doi
1701:PMC
1691:doi
1658:doi
1654:105
1527:BBC
1430:doi
1344:doi
1340:100
1260:PMC
1250:doi
1175:doi
1137:"2"
1108:doi
1052:doi
832:'s
681:or
649:or
567:.
272:by
225:or
217:or
211:pl.
173:FMA
166:261
161:TA2
2307::
1811:.
1807:.
1791:.
1779:.
1762:.
1752:.
1742:.
1730:.
1726:.
1709:.
1699:.
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1426:63
1424:.
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1221:.
1189:.
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1171:25
1169:.
1139:.
1114:.
1058:.
1048:18
1046:.
1015:.
949:.
685:.
611:,
578:.
318:.
213::
209:;
1874:e
1867:t
1860:v
1827:.
1799:.
1787::
1781:9
1770:.
1746::
1738::
1732:7
1717:.
1693::
1687:3
1672:.
1660::
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1536:.
1510:.
1478:.
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1432::
1409:.
1381:.
1368:.
1346::
1295:.
1276:.
1252::
1246:3
1225:.
1197:.
1177::
1153:.
1124:.
1110::
1091:.
1066:.
1054::
1031:.
1000:.
975:.
545:.
376:.
193:]
49:.
38:.
20:)
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