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673:, commemorating Canada's sacrifices and human losses in the First World War, a project he worked on 16 years until its completion in 1936. The Bell Memorial is located within the Bell Memorial Gardens, a small park in downtown Brantford, in an area originally slated to be the city's new municipal centre, but which was subsequently built further away. Other names considered for the park but which were not accepted included Bell Circle, Graham Bell Park and Prince George Park.
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653:" (the world has been recreated using the telephone). Beneath the central bronze casting is a large carved inscription: "To commemorate the invention of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in Brantford 1874." Upon its public unveiling the Bell Memorial created a stir of controversy with its abstract allegorical interpretations. Upon first viewing the bronze tableau, one observer in the crowds remarked on the two main figures on its left side,
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388:. The millionaire banker and philanthropist Sir Byron Walker was likely persuasive in swaying the unanimous decision to the sculptor. Walker had earlier contacted a prominent Brantford banker, praising Allward's previous works, and advised him that "because of the national character of the work I am particularly interested in the best possible outcome artistically".
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use. Its most striking feature is its broad, main bronze cast panel, approximately seven and a half metres wide and two and a half metres high, which portray "....the elusive dream of the inventor's youth—Inspiration whispering to Man, his power to transmit sound through space. Three ephemeral ghostly figures, two of which are cast in mid-relief and one in
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The
Memorial is located within the Bell Memorial Gardens of Bell Memorial Park at 41 West Street in the City of Brantford. The monument itself is located on a gore of land forming a near-triangularly shaped public park. The triangular plot of land in front of the monument was transformed into a park,
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Allward's memorial has been described as "a tour de force". One resident described the imagery of the oversized figures on its bronze panel, saying that it "...depicts a mythical passing of the spark of communication from the hands of the gods to the hands of humans". The memorial has served as an
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to find better lives in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After arriving in
Ontario in 1908 he resided in a series of Fegan Homes (named after James William Condell Fegan of Britain), including one in Toronto where he likely later met Allward. Kinsella eventually settled in Brantford County to
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At the time of its unveiling, the memorial was one of the most impressive monuments of the day in Canada, designed to depict the vast distances on the Earth being "annihilated" by the telephone. The allegorical style of the monument's figures depicts several aspects of the telephone in its worldwide
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Invitations were sent out to 22 sculptors in Europe, the United States and Canada in 1908, inviting them to submit models for the proposed monument. By May 1909 either nine or ten models had been submitted. A designs committee was appointed by the association and selected the three best designs they
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with the stated aim of commemorating the invention of the telephone in
Brantford and to name Bell as its inventor. What was highly unusual in this instance was the building of an important monument to a living person, an event usually conducted only for imperial leaders. The duality of the monument
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and the
Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada celebrated Allward's work by affixing a plaque to the monument honouring the sculptor himself. It noted Allward's designation as a person of national historic significance due to his "...original sense of spatial composition, his mastery of the
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The assosation members are itentified as W.F. Cockshutt as
President, Lloyd Harrisas Vice-President, George Hateley as Secretary, John Muir as Treasurer, W.N. Andrews, Edward L. Goold, George Kippax, G.H. Muirhead, T.H. Preston, F.D. Reville, A.J. Wilkes, K.C., C.H. Waterous, Brantford Mayor J.W.
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and, after being invalided and discharged back to Canada in 1916, met
Allward in Toronto while convalescing and then worked as his model, saying later "The posing was exacting and took about two months." Kinsella subsequently became bored with civilian life and reenlisted with the Canadian Army,
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Discussion of a monument to commemorate both Bell and his invention was first raised in
Brantford in 1904 although the Bell Telephone Memorial Association was not formally established until 1906. After gaining Bell's approval, the association and its proposed memorial were publicly endorsed on 9
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As a public holiday had been declared for the unveiling, the city's normal activities were shut down for the entire day. After the
Governor-General completed his address at the monument and unveiled its shrouds, he withdrew to the city's Old Opera House due to the driving rain, along with large
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Alexander Graham Bell (in both of his addresses that day) reminded the attendees that "Brantford is right in claiming the invention of the telephone here... conceived in
Brantford in 1874 and born in Boston in 1875", and later addressing the Duke, said "...on behalf of the Association ...in
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numbers of the crowd. The ceremonies were continued indoors in the city's opera theatre, with Bell addressing the audience again twice more at both the opera house and during a formal reception meal held at the Kerby House. Others spoke with Bell, including his former associate from the
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presenting to His
Excellency a silver telephone... I hope that in using it he will remember that the telephone originated in Brantford and that the first transmission to a distance was made between Brantford and Paris." In appreciation to the people of Brantford, Bell's wife,
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The Bell Memorial has been described as the finest example of Allward's early work. The memorial itself has been used as a central fixture for many civic events and remains an important part of Brantford's history. It was provided a heritage designation under the
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The commission award for the memorial had been made in 1908 and a contract to Allward authorized in 1909, based on an initial cost estimate of $ 25,000 with the provision that the work would be completed by 1912. Also in 1909 the association purchased
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writes of Allard: "Walter Allward (1875–1955) was probably Canada's most important monumental sculptor in the first third of this century ... his most notable early success was the Alexander Graham Bell Monument (1908–1917) in Brantford,
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areas formed the Bell Telephone Memorial Association, which commissioned the memorial. By 1908, the association's designs committee asked sculptors on two continents to submit proposals for the memorial. The submission by Canadian sculptor
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within its first months, rising to $ 44,000 by September 1909, eventually collecting over $ 65,000 through donations from various citizens worldwide. An additional federal contribution of $ 10,000 was supported in Canada's parliament by
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near the northern French village of St. Marie Chappell at the time of the memorial's unveiling in Brantford. He later returned to Canada at the end of the war, but did not view himself on the memorial until 27 years later, in May 1946.
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created up to that time, which taxed the capacity of its foundry. The sculptor sought to bring out, as the dominant note, the discovery by man of his power to transmit sound through space. Above the reclining figure of man is
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Alexander D. Hardy of the Bell Memorial Association, on behalf of the Brant Historical Society, 1917. Includes transcripts of addresses made by speakers and by Bell himself. Retrieved from Brantford.Library.on.ca March 27,
567:. Kinsella served as Allward's nude model representing Man after being severely injured in the European conflict. Born in the UK he had become one of approximately 100,000 disadvantaged British children and orphans, a "
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with its embankments being sodded. The panel in front of the gore which contains the monument is a smaller gore which has been artistically laid out as a park, the entire area being named as the Bell Memorial Gardens.
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March 1906 at a banquet in Brantford Kirby House (later to become the Hotel Kirby), which Bell attended as a guest of honour. That same year the association was formally organized and incorporated by an Act of the
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perform farmwork. Underaged, but a healthy 178 centimetres (5 ft 10 in) in height in 1914, he enlisted in Brantford's 125th Battalion for service overseas where he fought in Belgium and France with the
661:. "It looks to me..." he spoke to his friend, "...like an angel trying to pull along a pig-headed Englishman." The monument also launched its designer-sculptor to fame. It was designed and crafted under
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Melville House, a name created by Alexander Melville Bell on his stationery, was at the time part of Tutelo Heights on the outskirts of the City of Brantford, but which was later incorporated within the
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with its dedication to both the inventor and to his invention, with its emphasis on the latter, likely persuaded Alexander Graham Bell, normally modest, to accept the invitation to its public unveiling.
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The Whitaker booklet states nine models, while Elgin-Balfour writes that ten models were submitted to the committee. After the competition's completion, five of the plaster models were deposited at the
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and measures approximately 773 centimetres in width by 250 centimetres in height. According to documents, its casting process 'taxed' the existing foundry capabilities of the era.
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Allward designed the monument to symbolize the telephone's ability to overcome great distances. A series of steps lead to the main section where the floating allegorical figure of
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533:, transmitted to man by the telephone. Two heroic figures flanking the broad flight of steps leading up to the monument symbolize humanity sending and receiving a message."
665:(1875–1955), likely Canada's best monumental sculptor of the era. Besides the Bell Memorial he created numerous other important monumental works, his greatest being the
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of London, Ontario to make a final decision, all of whom were considered patrons of the arts. After consideration a unanimous choice was made to award the commission to
1697:, Brantford, ON: Brant Historical Society, Hurley Printing, 1920. Retrieved from Brantford.Library.on.ca 4 May 2012, PDF pp. 187–197, or document pp. 308–322. (PDF)
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At the memorial's crest is a series of steps leading to the main portion of the monument, a wide mass of white Stanstead granite, faced by the largest single
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and the chimes of Grace Anglican Church located only a few dozen metres from the memorial. Also in attendance in full war regalia was Chief A.R. Hill of the
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The Early Development Of Radio In Canada, 1901-1930: An Illustrated History Of Canada's Radio Pioneers, Broadcast Receiver Manufacturers, And Their Products
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important gathering point, landmark and commemoration site for Brantford, used to rally people for fund-raising events, marches and civic events. At the
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The memorial received historical designation for its cultural heritage value, by the City of Brantford on 31 October 2005, under the
412:. The project proceeded slowly in part due to Allward's concurrent work on several other commissions at the same time, including the
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positioned at the other end of the tableau. Additionally, there are two female figures mounted on granite pedestals representing
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Other significant contributions were made by the 'American Telephone Company' of Boston (possibly referring to the head of the
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won the competition. The memorial was originally scheduled for completion by 1912 but Allward, aided by his studio assistant
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who had originally proposed the memorial in 1904, became the association's president, and was assisted by another MP,
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symbols. For his work, Bell was awarded the title of Honorary Chief and participated in a ceremony where he donned a
1956:, Brantford, ON: Brant Historical Society, Hurley Printing, 1920. Retrieved from Brantford.Library.on.ca 4 May 2012
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The Brantford monument was finally unveiled in a driving rain on 24 October 1917 by then Governor General of Canada
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1450:"Bell Memorial Directors Met: Reports Were Received On Progress of Work But Date of Unveiling is Not Yet Fixed".
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before an audience in the thousands. The Governor General of Canada arrived in the city by train, along with the
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History of the County of Brant Vol. 1: Illustrated With Fifty Half-Tones Taken From Miniatures And Photographs
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History of the County of Brant: Illustrated With Fifty Half-Tones Taken From Miniatures And Photographs
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2041:: Biographical Memoirs, Vol. XXIII, 1847–1922. Presented to the academy at its 1943 annual meeting.
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positioned to the left and right of the memorial, one sending and the other receiving a message.
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1420:"Bell Memorial Beautiful Tribute to Telephone And Its Noted Inventor, Alexander Graham Bell".
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and other notables. They were greeted by a children's chorus, honour guards, the band of the
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recounts the history of Brantford, including the city's connection to Alexander Graham Bell.
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Sketch-Model No.8: Description to Accompany Sketch Model of Proposed Bell Telephone Memorial
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Sketch-Model No.8: Description to Accompany Sketch Model of Proposed Bell Telephone Memorial
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Not long after the extended Bell family arrived in Canada, Alexander Graham discovered the
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Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada plaque added in 2010 honouring Allward's work.
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1886:(Allward's description of his model), undated. Retrieved from brantford.ca 14 April 2012.
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Commemorating the invention of the telephone at Brantford by Alexander Graham Bell in 1874
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The Unveiling of the Bell Memorial in Brantford, Ontario, October the Twenty-Fourth, 1917
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Nothing On But the Radio: A Look Back at Radio in Canada and How It Changed the World
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favored from the models submitted. The committee asked a trio of outside judges, Sir
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in July 1874, while residing with his parents at their farm, Melville House, now a
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was Cyril William George Kinsella, a wounded war veteran and a former resident of
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became its first honorary president and upon his death, he was succeeded by the
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The rear side of the monument contains a small stone foundation with bullfrog
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The unveiling of the Bell Memorial in October 1917, with Bell and dignitaries.
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Soldiers and Warriors: The Early Volunteer Militia of Brant County: 1856-1866
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Bits and Pieces of Brantford's History: The History of the Cockshutt Family
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The committee's second and third choices were for the designs submitted by
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1857:"Cdn Sculptor Walter Seymour Allward Honoured For His Public Monuments",
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1897:, 27 December 2009. Retrieved from BrantfordExpositor.ca 23 April 2012.
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Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing
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Dunington-Grubb Landscape Architects, H.B. & L.A. (Toronto).
1094:"Monument Proposed to Inventor of the Telephone: Unusual Honor".
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Man, discovering his power to transmit vocal sounds through space
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was identical to one presented earlier in 1901 by Bell's father,
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The Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Company of West Virginia
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View of proposed civic centre and Bell Telephone Memorial Park
2072:, Brantford: Canadian Military Heritage Museum, archived from
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2117:, October 1908, pp. 13–14, 20. A special edition of the
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561:'Man, discovering his power to transmit sound through space'
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Bell in centre, with committee members, his granddaughter,
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The Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Company of Virginia
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The Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Company of Maryland
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1302:. Vol. XXXIV, no. 10963. 1907-04-01. p. 3.
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1338:"Bell Homestead: Descendants On Hand To Mark Centennial"
2096:, Brantford, Ontario: City of Brantford/Hurley Printing
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1494:"Inventor of the Telephone Upholds Brantford's Claim".
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of the memorial and the Alexander Graham Bell Gardens,
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Second International Congress on Education of the Deaf
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Deland, Fred (1918). "The Bell Telephone Memorial",
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Unveiling of Bell Memorial at Brantford, Ontario, Ca.
1684:, HistoricPlaces.ca website, retrieved 27 March 2012.
1112:"How Citizens Built the Bell Memorial 58 Years Ago".
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conceived the technical aspects of the telephone and
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Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy
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Canadian Register of Historic Places: Bell Monument
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Donald Howard, 3rd Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal
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Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto
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1903:Bell: Alexander Bell and the Conquest of Solitude
1891:The Industrialist, The Architect And The Home Boy
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1371:, Elgin-Balfour Foundation, 1977, pp. 69–71
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1747:Burrage, Walter. "Onlooker at Bell Unveiling",
1435:"Fine Monuments Perpetuate Glorious Memories".
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1042:"Bell Memorial Committee Set Up Here In 1906",
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307:Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
260:. Canada's first telephone factory, created by
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1935:Alexander Graham Bell: The Spirit of Invention
1905:, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press,
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2027:Biographical Memoir of Alexander Graham Bell
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2180:(Brantford Public Library digital archives)
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1919:Field, F.A. "The First Telephone Factory",
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1609:. Brantford.ca. 1917-10-24. Archived from
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2008:Walter S. Allward Collection: Finding Aid
1790:It Could Have Been So Much More Different
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2184:AT&T Archives at TechChannel.ATT.com
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1962:Alexander Graham Bell: An Inventive Life
1927:, January 1931. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
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427:
347:
194:Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire
2545:Alexander Graham Bell School (Illinois)
2051:
1959:
1624:
1520:
1129:
1051:
1015:
1003:
309:, a former Governor-General of Canada.
14:
3144:
2871:
2707:Local telephone companies still extant
2165:Brantford historic sites and monuments
2065:
1997:
1977:
1563:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1464:
1027:
988:
966:, Canadian Register of Historic Places
795:($ 500), Verity Plow Company ($ 500),
293:and former Governor-General of Canada
27:Monument in Brantford, Ontario, Canada
3167:Buildings and structures in Brantford
3086:
3003:Bell Homestead National Historic Site
2974:
2870:
2705:
2669:
2631:
2555:Bell Homestead National Historic Site
2454:Clarke Schools for Hearing and Speech
2292:Hubbard Bell Grossman Pillot Memorial
2193:
2128:(journal), Vol. 20, pp. 231–236.
2048:, Brantford War Memorial Association.
1900:
1596:, Brantford War Memorial Association.
1508:
976:
651:Mundus Telephonici Usu Recreatus Est.
647:Hoc Opus Machinae Patri Dedicatum Est
543:Man, transmitting sound through space
462:Six Nations Tribes of the Grand River
205:Man, transmitting sound through space
162:Bell Homestead National Historic Site
3197:Sculptures by Walter Seymour Allward
3061:Bell Telephone Manufacturing Company
3051:The Bell Telephone Company of Canada
3046:International Bell Telephone Company
1982:, vol. 73, Telephone Pub. Corp.
1925:The Bell Telephone Company of Canada
1403:Sir Edmond Walker, Servant of Canada
1400:Marshall, Barbara Ruth (June 1971),
1335:
1225:
705:Canadian Register of Historic Places
448:, the Hon. Senator Robertson of the
235:Canadian Register of Historic Places
3202:Neoclassical architecture in Canada
1633:
811:, who provide a donation of $ 250.
729:, Baddeck, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia
376:in Toronto, New York State Senator
24:
3157:Monuments and memorials in Ontario
3087:
2670:
2589:The Story of Alexander Graham Bell
2171:The Unveiling of the Bell Memorial
2101:
1709:"A Graham Bell Telephone Memorial"
1368:The Sampler A Book About Brantford
991:Pioneering the Telephone in Canada
374:Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce
25:
3213:
2153:
1779:website. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
1706:
707:on 12 January 2009. In 2010 both
452:, the Hon. W.D. McPherson of the
3177:History of immigration to Canada
3126:
2724:Bell Telephone Company of Nevada
2612:
2611:
2578:IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal
1939:, Calgary: Altitude Publishing,
1409:, University of British Columbia
1157:
801:Bell Telephone Company of Canada
479:; and his eldest daughter Elsie.
272:Memorial association established
254:National Historic Site of Canada
75:
3107:Regional Bell Operating Company
2657:
1992:The Greater Brantford Expositor
1869:
1840:. HistoricPlaces.ca. 2005-10-31
1830:
1801:
1798:, 22 September 1990, pp. A5-A6.
1782:
1741:
1700:
1599:
1586:
1526:
1443:
1428:
1413:
1375:
1291:
1151:
1139:The Greater Brantford Expositor
1132:"Brantford, The Telephone City"
931:
910:
895:
870:
841:
828:
814:
773:
763:
737:, statue and symbol of AT&T
667:Canadian National Vimy Memorial
2975:
2845:Southern New England Telephone
2055:History of the County of Brant
1931:Groundwater, Jennifer (2005),
1298:"Telephone's Birth Memorial".
982:
954:
753:
442:Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario
81:The frontside of Bell Memorial
13:
1:
3013:Telephone Pioneers of America
2937:Advanced Mobile Phone Service
2583:Pioneers, a Volunteer Network
2414:Aerial Experiment Association
2109:Brantford: The Telephone City
2061:. Brantford, Ontario: Hurley.
2046:Brantford, The Telephone City
1988:Brantford, The Telephone City
1594:Brantford, The Telephone City
1336:Ruby, Michelle (2010-07-26).
948:
571:", sent to Canada and other
486:Aerial Experiment Association
392:Lengthy delays and completion
357:
2052:Reville, F. Douglas (1920).
2039:National Academy of Sciences
2006:National Gallery of Canada.
1226:Ball, Vincent (2009-12-27).
676:
578:Canadian Expeditionary Force
148:) is a memorial designed by
106:43°8′27.94″ N 80°16′4.88″ W
7:
3066:AT&T Technologies, Inc.
2524:Volta Laboratory and Bureau
2494:National Geographic Society
1994:, pp. 13–14, 20, 1909.
1964:, Toronto: Kids Can Press,
1960:MacLeod, Elizabeth (1999),
770:Bowlby and Warden A.B. Rose
715:
511:
498:National Geographic Society
473:Mabel Harlakenden Grosvenor
458:125th (Brantford) Battalion
382:Sir George Christie Gibbons
10:
3218:
2509:Oriental Telephone Company
2499:National Telephone Company
2449:Canadian Aerodrome Company
2242:Beinn Bhreagh, Nova Scotia
2024:Osborne, Harold S. (1943)
2019:National Gallery of Canada
1998:Murray, Robert P. (2005),
1777:National Gallery of Canada
1193:Brant Historical Society.
939:National Gallery of Canada
878:Governor-General of Canada
414:South African War Memorial
344:Selection committee choice
299:Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey
240:
233:in 2005 and listed on the
190:Governor General of Canada
154:invention of the telephone
89:invention of the telephone
3123:
3097:
3093:
3082:
3028:
2985:
2981:
2970:
2945:
2929:
2913:
2897:
2881:
2877:
2866:
2837:
2716:
2712:
2701:
2680:
2676:
2665:
2607:
2597:The Sound and the Silence
2532:
2381:
2330:
2227:
1978:McMeal, Harry B. (1917),
793:Waterous Engine Works Co.
500:, and other dignitaries.
424:Unveiling of the Memorial
127:
117:
102:
94:
86:
74:
69:
64:
3152:History of the telephone
2489:Life Extension Institute
1901:Bruce, Robert V (1990),
1811:, Dundurn, 2003, p. 22,
1498:. 1917-10-25. p. 5.
1098:. 1907-11-01. p. 9.
993:, Montreal: Herald Press
989:Patten, William (1926),
747:
692:Armistice of World War I
311:William Foster Cockshutt
3019:Spirit of Communication
3008:Bell Telephone Memorial
2946:Regional Bell companies
2754:Diamond State Telephone
2560:Bell Telephone Memorial
2312:Melville Bell Grosvenor
2282:Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor
2277:Gardiner Greene Hubbard
2237:Alexander Melville Bell
2087:Whitaker, A.J. (1944),
2066:Sharpe, Robert (1998),
1260:"Bell Memorial Plans",
1071:Whitaker, A.J. (1944),
882:Alexander Melville Bell
855:, where he learned the
734:Spirit of Communication
605:Other monument features
399:Alexander Melville Bell
289:(later King George V),
287:George, Prince of Wales
18:Bell Telephone Memorial
3036:Bell Telephone Company
2804:Pacific Northwest Bell
2439:Bell Telephone Company
2373:Walter Seymour Allward
2302:Mabel Gardiner Hubbard
1130:Marquis, T.G. (1909),
686:
663:Walter Seymour Allward
585:Second Battle of Ypres
573:Commonwealth countries
556:
480:
433:
410:Ontario College of Art
386:Walter Seymour Allward
364:
279:Legislature of Ontario
178:Walter Seymour Allward
150:Walter Seymour Allward
122:Walter Seymour Allward
3162:Alexander Graham Bell
3133:Telephones portal
2779:New England Telephone
2247:Bell House (Virginia)
2221:Alexander Graham Bell
2107:Brantford Expositor.
1952:Reville, F. Douglas.
1693:Reville, F. Douglas.
1283:"The Bell Memorial".
1096:San Jose Evening News
836:G.W. Hill of Montreal
684:
671:Pas-de-Calais, France
594:1st Canadian Division
551:
470:
431:
354:early concept drawing
351:
246:Alexander Graham Bell
158:Alexander Graham Bell
48:43.14111°N 80.26806°W
2343:Charles Williams Jr.
2287:Gilbert M. Grosvenor
1607:"Bell Memorial Park"
1578:"Canada in Review".
1266:, 29 September 1909.
851:across the river at
799:of Chicago ($ 500),
700:Ontario Heritage Act
580:during World War I.
315:Member of Parliament
313:, the local federal
230:Ontario Heritage Act
2829:Wisconsin Telephone
2514:Phonograph cylinder
2143:Bell Memorial Notes
2119:Brantford Expositor
2114:Brantford Expositor
1895:Brantford Expositor
1838:"HistoricPlaces.ca"
1795:Brantford Expositor
1750:Brantford Expositor
1725:1918Natur.101....5R
1666:Brantford Expositor
1580:Vancouver Daily Sun
1511:, pp. 482–483.
1452:Brantford Expositor
1437:Brantford Expositor
1422:Brantford Expositor
1342:Brantford Expositor
1318:Brantford Expositor
1300:Poverty Bay Herald'
1285:Brantford Expositor
1263:Brantford Expositor
1232:Brantford Expositor
1114:Brantford Expositor
1045:Brantford Expositor
979:, pp. 122–123.
904:alto-rilievo relief
849:Six Nations Reserve
496:, president of the
370:Byron Edmund Walker
338:Sir Wilfrid Laurier
323:Byron Edmund Walker
152:to commemorate the
140:(also known as the
53:43.14111; -80.26806
44: /
3182:Historical markers
2872:Other subsidiaries
2814:South Central Bell
2789:New York Telephone
2565:Graham Bell Island
2307:Mabel H. Grosvenor
2272:Edwin S. Grosvenor
2176:2014-04-26 at the
2033:2012-09-08 at the
2013:2011-05-15 at the
1882:2013-07-04 at the
1771:2011-05-15 at the
1382:"Bell Homestead".
1200:2014-04-26 at the
687:
557:
506:Mabel Hubbard Bell
494:Gilbert Grosvenour
481:
454:Ontario Government
434:
378:George Allen Davis
365:
266:The Telephone City
166:Brantford, Ontario
146:Telephone Monument
111:Brantford, Ontario
3139:
3138:
3119:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3078:
3077:
3074:
3073:
3056:Northern Electric
2966:
2965:
2962:
2961:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2857:
2824:Southwestern Bell
2809:Pacific Telephone
2794:Northwestern Bell
2697:
2696:
2693:
2692:
2625:
2624:
2484:Hubbard Monoplane
2459:Dictation machine
1971:978-1-55074-456-9
1946:978-1-55439-006-9
1912:978-0-8014-9691-2
1893:, Brantford, ON:
1863:, 16 August 2010.
1384:Brantford Courier
787:– $ 1,000), Col.
406:Emanuel Otto Hahn
134:
133:
70:City of Brantford
16:(Redirected from
3209:
3131:
3130:
3129:
3095:
3094:
3084:
3083:
2983:
2982:
2972:
2971:
2889:Western Electric
2879:
2878:
2868:
2867:
2714:
2713:
2703:
2702:
2678:
2677:
2667:
2666:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2629:
2628:
2615:
2614:
2368:Thomas A. Watson
2363:Thomas Selfridge
2353:Marcellus Bailey
2267:Graham Fairchild
2214:
2207:
2200:
2191:
2190:
2097:
2095:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2062:
2060:
2003:
1983:
1974:
1949:
1938:
1915:
1864:
1855:
1849:
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1834:
1828:
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1799:
1786:
1780:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1736:
1734:10.1038/101005b0
1704:
1698:
1691:
1685:
1679:
1670:
1669:
1661:
1652:
1651:
1650:
1649:
1640:, archived from
1631:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1603:
1597:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1562:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1545:
1539:. Archived from
1538:
1530:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1491:
1480:
1477:Groundwater 2005
1474:
1468:
1462:
1456:
1455:
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1441:
1440:
1432:
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1417:
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1397:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1344:. Archived from
1333:
1322:
1321:
1313:
1304:
1303:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1280:
1267:
1258:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1243:
1234:. Archived from
1223:
1210:
1191:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1146:
1141:, pp. 13–14
1136:
1127:
1118:
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1109:
1100:
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1081:
1079:
1068:
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1040:
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1013:
1007:
1006:, p. 14-18.
1001:
995:
994:
986:
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974:
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958:
943:
935:
929:
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874:
868:
845:
839:
832:
826:
818:
812:
777:
771:
767:
761:
757:
655:Man the Inventor
598:Fourth Battalion
362:
359:
331:
291:Viceroy of India
118:Designed by
79:
62:
61:
59:
58:
56:
55:
54:
49:
45:
42:
41:
40:
37:
21:
3217:
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3142:
3141:
3140:
3135:
3127:
3125:
3111:
3089:
3070:
3024:
2977:
2958:
2941:
2925:
2909:
2893:
2873:
2854:
2850:Cincinnati Bell
2838:Partially owned
2833:
2784:New Jersey Bell
2708:
2689:
2672:
2661:
2656:
2626:
2621:
2603:
2528:
2404:AEA Silver Dart
2377:
2326:
2322:Telephone Cases
2262:David Fairchild
2257:Chichester Bell
2229:
2223:
2218:
2178:Wayback Machine
2156:
2104:
2102:Further reading
2093:
2079:
2077:
2058:
2035:Wayback Machine
2015:Wayback Machine
1972:
1947:
1913:
1889:Ball, Vincent.
1884:Wayback Machine
1872:
1867:
1856:
1852:
1843:
1841:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1806:
1802:
1787:
1783:
1773:Wayback Machine
1764:
1757:
1753:, 6 March 1974.
1746:
1742:
1705:
1701:
1692:
1688:
1680:
1673:
1663:
1662:
1655:
1647:
1645:
1634:Allward, W.S.,
1632:
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1591:
1587:
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1536:
1534:"Archived copy"
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886:Prince of Wales
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857:Mohawk language
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805:City of Toronto
778:
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380:of Buffalo and
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98:24 October 1917
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3088:Related topics
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2154:External links
2152:
2151:
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2136:
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2100:
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2084:
2063:
2049:
2044:Raymond, E.T.
2042:
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2004:
1995:
1986:Marquis, T.G.
1984:
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1917:
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1898:
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1875:Allward, W.S.
1871:
1868:
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1865:
1860:Canadian Press
1850:
1829:
1825:978-1550029925
1807:Murray, Gil.
1800:
1781:
1755:
1740:
1707:R, A. (1918).
1699:
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1592:Raymond, E.T.
1585:
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861:Visible Speech
840:
827:
823:Bell Homestead
813:
797:Mrs. McCormick
789:W.F. Cockshutt
785:AT&T Corp.
772:
762:
751:
749:
746:
745:
744:
741:Thomas Cowherd
738:
730:
724:
717:
714:
678:
675:
611:bronze casting
606:
603:
545:
539:
527:Knowledge, Joy
513:
510:
490:J.A.D. McCurdy
425:
422:
393:
390:
345:
342:
335:Prime Minister
273:
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3016:
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3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2998:Bell Boatyard
2996:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2988:
2986:Commemorative
2984:
2980:
2973:
2969:
2954:
2951:
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2935:
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2914:Long distance
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2882:Manufacturing
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2819:Southern Bell
2817:
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2800:
2797:
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2787:
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2774:Mountain Bell
2772:
2770:
2769:Michigan Bell
2767:
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2762:
2760:
2759:Illinois Bell
2757:
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2429:Bell Oionus I
2427:
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2424:Bell Boatyard
2422:
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2348:Glenn Curtiss
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2323:
2320:
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2297:Kendall Myers
2295:
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2130:
2127:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2092:
2091:
2085:
2076:on 2012-07-17
2075:
2071:
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2064:
2057:
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2047:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2002:, Sonoran Pub
2001:
1996:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1973:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1948:
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1937:
1936:
1929:
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1839:
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1818:
1814:
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1804:
1797:
1796:
1791:
1788:Judd, David.
1785:
1778:
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1770:
1767:
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1752:
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1719:(2523): 5–6.
1718:
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1683:
1682:Bell Monument
1678:
1676:
1667:
1660:
1658:
1644:on 2013-07-04
1643:
1639:
1638:
1630:
1628:
1613:on 2017-09-02
1612:
1608:
1602:
1595:
1589:
1582:. 1917-11-18.
1581:
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1560:
1546:on 2017-02-23
1542:
1535:
1529:
1522:
1517:
1510:
1505:
1497:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1479:, p. 35.
1478:
1473:
1467:, p. 21.
1466:
1461:
1454:. 1915-04-22.
1453:
1446:
1439:. 1937-08-07.
1438:
1431:
1424:. 1926-04-24.
1423:
1416:
1405:
1404:
1396:
1394:
1386:. 1911-07-22.
1385:
1378:
1370:
1369:
1362:
1348:on 2013-01-15
1347:
1343:
1339:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1320:. 1936-08-10.
1319:
1312:
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1301:
1294:
1287:. 1916-07-18.
1286:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1255:
1253:
1238:on 2013-01-15
1237:
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1199:
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1190:
1188:
1186:
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1163:
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1126:
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1116:. 1975-05-01.
1115:
1108:
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1075:
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1057:
1055:
1048:, 3 May 1947.
1047:
1046:
1039:
1037:
1030:, p. 80.
1029:
1024:
1018:, p. 14.
1017:
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973:
965:
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963:Bell Monument
957:
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887:
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817:
810:
809:Thomas Edison
806:
803:($ 500), the
802:
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639:British Crown
636:
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477:Mabel Hubbard
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450:Privy Council
447:
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262:James Cowherd
259:
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142:Bell Monument
139:
138:Bell Memorial
126:
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93:
90:
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65:Bell Memorial
63:
60:
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3017:
2764:Indiana Bell
2717:Wholly owned
2595:
2587:
2571:
2559:
2399:AEA Red Wing
2394:AEA June Bug
2139:Friel, Chris
2126:Volta Review
2125:
2118:
2112:
2089:
2078:, retrieved
2074:the original
2068:
2054:
2026:
1999:
1991:
1979:
1961:
1934:
1923:(magazine),
1920:
1902:
1870:Bibliography
1859:
1853:
1842:. Retrieved
1832:
1808:
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1793:
1784:
1748:
1743:
1716:
1712:
1702:
1689:
1668:, 1946-05-04
1665:
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1642:the original
1636:
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1611:the original
1601:
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1573:
1548:. Retrieved
1541:the original
1528:
1521:Reville 1920
1516:
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1350:. Retrieved
1346:the original
1341:
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1261:
1240:. Retrieved
1236:the original
1231:
1168:, retrieved
1160:
1158:Muir, Gary,
1153:
1143:, retrieved
1138:
1113:
1095:
1073:
1043:
1023:
1016:MacLeod 1999
1011:
1004:MacLeod 1999
999:
990:
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925:
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520:
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475:; his wife,
446:John Hendrie
435:
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319:Lloyd Harris
284:
275:
265:
244:
228:
225:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
198:
186:Emanuel Hahn
173:Brant County
170:
145:
141:
137:
135:
29:
3102:Divestiture
2955:(1880-1975)
2953:Bell Canada
2659:Bell System
2600:(1992 film)
2592:(1939 film)
2474:Graphophone
2434:Bell System
2147:Chris Friel
1465:McMeal 1917
1028:Sharpe 1998
918:Inspiration
781:Bell System
659:Inspiration
616:Inspiration
418:World War I
361: 1909
250:invented it
201:Inspiration
51: /
3146:Categories
2976:Historical
2921:Long Lines
2519:Photophone
2389:AEA Cygnet
2167:(archived)
2080:2012-04-24
1844:2017-09-01
1817:1550029924
1648:2012-04-12
1617:2017-09-01
1550:2017-04-06
1509:Bruce 1990
1352:2012-04-12
1242:2012-04-23
1170:2012-05-21
1145:2012-03-28
977:Bruce 1990
949:References
643:Maple Leaf
569:Home Child
330:CA$ 35,000
168:, Canada.
108:near
2905:Bell Labs
2799:Ohio Bell
2572:Bras d'Or
1921:Blue Bell
1496:The Globe
942:Ontario."
884:, to the
677:Reception
635:gargoyles
620:Knowledge
565:Brantford
525:, depict
237:in 2009.
209:Knowledge
39:80°16′5″W
36:43°8′28″N
2930:Wireless
2898:Research
2617:Category
2533:Tributes
2228:Life and
2174:Archived
2031:Archived
2021:website.
2011:Archived
1880:Archived
1769:Archived
1559:cite web
1198:Archived
853:Onondaga
716:See also
641:and the
523:) relief
512:Memorial
221:Humanity
103:Location
95:Unveiled
87:For the
3029:Defunct
1721:Bibcode
1206:Justice
888:(later
589:Belgium
372:of the
241:History
182:Toronto
160:at the
2331:People
2230:family
2145:Mayor
1968:
1943:
1909:
1823:
1815:
1713:Nature
865:Mohawk
628:Sorrow
531:Sorrow
519:high (
258:Boston
217:Sorrow
215:, and
2570:HMCS
2382:Works
2094:(PDF)
2059:(PDF)
1544:(PDF)
1537:(PDF)
1407:(PDF)
1209:2012.
1165:(PDF)
1135:(PDF)
1078:(PDF)
760:city.
748:Notes
164:, in
2479:HD-4
1966:ISBN
1941:ISBN
1907:ISBN
1821:ISBN
1813:ISBN
1565:link
937:The
657:and
626:and
529:and
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136:The
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669:in
624:Joy
587:in
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213:Joy
180:of
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
