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retreat on the center. The retreat was hindered by the same fence they had erected as part of their fortifications. Finally they congregated on the main square, where Tristán decided to surrender, ordering the ringing of the church's bells. An envoy negotiated with
General Belgrano that the next day the royalists would abandon the city on formation, with war honors, after relinquishing their weapons. Belgrano guaranteed their integrity and freedom in exchange for swearing not to raise arms against the rebels. Tristán later on would change sides and fight for the independentists in Bolivia. The prisoners captured before the surrender were later freed in exchange for the men that
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666:, in an area where there were no similar fortifications. Under cover of rain the rebel army made a slow march through the rough terrain, hindered by the difficulty off moving equipment and artillery. On February 18 they reached a field where they encamped, while the captain, disguised as a native wrangler guided a mule train loaded with firewood to the city, with the intention of reconnoitering the positions taken by Tristán's army. A company of volunteers led by a local noblewoman,
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Tristán, in the meantime, had taken the time to fortify
Portezuelo pass, the only access to the city through the hills from the southeast, a tactical advantage that supposedly would make the attempt impossible, except for the local area knowledge that the new conscripts brought to the rebels. Captain
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on the enemy. Dorrego, at the head of the cavalry led an advance towards the fence that surrounded the city. The tactic was successful; columns of infantry under the command of Carlos Forest, Francisco Pico and José Superí broke the enemy lines and entered the city streets, closing the royalist
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on each flank and a strong reserve led by Martín
Dorrego. The first encounter went for the defenders, as the left-flank cavalry had difficulties reaching the enemy shooters due to the highly steeped terrain. Before noon Belgrano ordered an attack by the reserves on those positions, while the
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and loved the same woman – would cause surprise in Buenos Aires, but the decisive victory silenced the critics and earned him a prize of 40,000 pesos granted by the
Assembly. Belgrano declined, asking that the money be used instead to build schools in Tucumán, Salta, Jujuy and
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from
Saravia, the army marched on the morning with the intention of attacking the enemy troops the next morning at dawn. Tristán received news of the advance, and placed his troops to resist, placing a column of
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abandoned by Tristán in the previous battle helped
Belgrano to fill his lack of equipment. At the beginning of January, he started a slow march towards Salta. On February 11, on the banks of the
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Apolinario
Saravia, a local from Salta, offered to guide the army through a high path that led to Chachapoyas, which would allow them to connect with the north road that went to
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on the side of San
Bernardo hill, reinforced his left flank, and placed the 10 artillery pieces he had. On the morning of February 20 he ordered a march in formation, with the
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and their supplies. The generosity of
Belgrano, who embraced Tristán and allowed him to keep his command symbols – they were personal friends, having been classmates at the
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to reinforce his army. In four months he improved the discipline of his troops, improved training and recruited sufficient men so as to duplicate their numbers. The
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placed a wooden cross on the common grave where the 480 royalist and 103 independentist troops were buried with the inscription "A los vencedores y vencidos" (
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and made of stone from a local quarry. The reliefs on the sides were designed by the famous sculptor and local
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The 2,786 men remaining with Tristán surrendered the next day, giving up more than 2,000
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which had started sessions in Buenos Aires a few days before, and to the national flag.
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took place on
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Belgrano's army would continue to the north, to fight the forces of
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Historia del General Güemes y de la Provincia de Salta
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Historia de Belgrano y de la Independencia Argentina
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16:1813 battle of the Argentine War of Independence
799:Camogli, Pablo; Luciano de Privitellio (2005).
642:Belgrano had taken advantage of the victory at
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876:(in Spanish). Depalma - Buenos Aires.
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1081:Francisco Javier de Elío
872:Frías, Bernardo (1971).
853:www.portaldesalta.gov.ar
801:Batallas por la Libertad
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1644:Juan Ignacio de Gorriti
1639:Francisco de Gurruchaga
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781:. Two major defeats at
734:University of Salamanca
2563:National Flag Memorial
2305:Argentina Bicentennial
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1994:José Miguel de Cabrera
1969:Ramón Eduardo Anchoris
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1818:Ignacio Álvarez Thomas
1803:Carlos María de Alvear
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1684:Nicolás Rodríguez Peña
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1169:Crossing of the Andes
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2014:Simón Díaz de Ramila
2004:José Mariano Serrano
1989:Cosme Damián Urtubey
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2458:Battle of Paraguarí
2399:Telégrafo Mercantil
2096:José Severo Malabia
2076:José Ignacio Thames
2048:Congress of Tucumán
1959:Agustín José Donado
1954:Juan Ramón Balcarce
1929:Bernardo Monteagudo
1924:Tomás Antonio Valle
1594:Miguel de Azcuénaga
1527:Miguel de Azcuénaga
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1071:Santiago de Liniers
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286:Juan Pío de Tristán
255:Viceroyalty of Peru
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2009:Ángel Mariano Toro
1979:Francisco Argerich
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1747:Second Triumvirate
1727:Feliciano Chiclana
1722:Manuel de Sarratea
1694:Atanasio Gutiérrez
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1944:José Ugarteche
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1884:Valentín Gómez
1881:
1875:
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1755:Juan José Paso
1751:
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1732:Juan José Paso
1729:
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1641:
1636:
1631:
1629:Gregorio Funes
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1609:Manuel Alberti
1606:
1601:
1599:Domingo Matheu
1596:
1591:
1589:Juan José Paso
1586:
1580:
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1572:
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1564:
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1559:
1557:Juan José Paso
1554:
1552:Mariano Moreno
1549:
1544:
1542:Domingo Matheu
1539:
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1529:
1524:
1522:Manuel Alberti
1519:
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1403:Mariano Moreno
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1291:Cry of Asencio
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1050:May Revolution
1047:
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1037:
1032:
1030:Peninsular War
1027:
1021:
1019:
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885:External links
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823:
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820:
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809:
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675:
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624:Pío de Tristán
589:
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539:Third campaign
535:
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496:
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478:
476:First campaign
472:
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308:3,400 soldiers
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303:3,000 soldiers
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244:Spanish Empire
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2535:Autobiography
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2515:Yatasto relay
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2240:Flag of Macha
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2197:
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2191:Mariano Boedo
2189:
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2182:
2179:
2177:
2176:Antonio Sáenz
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
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2161:Pedro Medrano
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2024:Ramón Mariaca
2022:
2020:
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2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
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1974:José Amenábar
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1509:Primera Junta
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1446:Vicente Nieto
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1382:William Brown
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1306:Yatasto relay
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1235:Martín García
1233:
1231:
1228:
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1213:
1212:
1210:
1208:Major battles
1206:
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1061:
1059:Last viceroys
1057:
1051:
1048:
1046:
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1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
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1016:
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1007:
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810:987-04-0105-8
806:
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764:
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758:Torquat Tasso
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746:
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715:
710:
708:
704:
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629:
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621:
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613:
609:
606:, during the
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577:
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568:
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558:
557:
554:
551:
550:
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543:
540:
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536:
533:
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473:
470:
459:
454:
452:
447:
445:
440:
439:
436:
407:
379:
362:
346:
336:
333:2,118 muskets
324:
319:
318:
313:
307:
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245:
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235:
233:
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223:
222:
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209:
206:
205:
200:
182:65°23′46.08″W
179:24°43′53.01″S
171:
167:
162:
159:
158:
154:
151:
150:
146:
140:
135:
132:
127:
122:
113:
110:
102:
99:February 2012
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
2539:
2499:
2490:Jujuy Exodus
2327:
2320:
2281:Celebrations
1899:Pedro Agrelo
1833:José Rondeau
1813:José Rondeau
1576:Junta Grande
1296:Jujuy Exodus
1274:Other events
1239:
1103:Combatants
904:(in Spanish)
896:(in Spanish)
873:
867:
856:. Retrieved
852:
843:
800:
793:Bibliography
776:
768:
753:
747:
711:
680:intelligence
677:
660:
641:
595:
593:
511:
219:Belligerents
129:Part of the
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1964:Pedro Vidal
1909:Juan Larrea
1904:José Moldes
1780:Juan Larrea
1699:Juan Alagón
1604:Juan Larrea
1547:Juan Larrea
1498:Governments
1245:San Lorenzo
761: [
527:Tambo Nuevo
327:114 injured
322:433 injured
194: /
2583:Categories
1860:Congresses
1265:Vilcapugio
858:2021-03-07
819:References
783:Vilcapugio
707:Upper Peru
638:Background
565:La Tablada
522:Vilcapugio
517:Pequereque
331:10 cannons
310:10 cannons
305:12 cannons
69:newspapers
2556:Monuments
2419:Inca plan
2404:Carlotism
1426:Royalists
1220:Chacabuco
979:Carlotism
772:Lola Mora
748:Governor
703:Goyeneche
698:grapeshot
685:fusiliers
648:artillery
600:Argentine
483:Cotagaita
170:Argentina
2481:Creation
2329:Flag day
1455:Civilian
1434:Military
1391:Civilian
1345:Military
1338:Patriots
1250:Suipacha
726:carbines
689:infantry
620:royalist
602:city of
488:Suipacha
325:481 dead
320:103 dead
298:Strength
160:Location
2483:of the
1328:Leaders
1260:Tucumán
1255:Tacuarí
1215:Ayohuma
1109:Battles
1002:Economy
787:Ayohuma
769:salteña
730:cannons
722:pistols
714:muskets
693:cavalry
644:Tucumán
570:Sopahuy
532:Ayohuma
507:Tucumán
164:Salta,
83:scholar
2264:Legacy
1225:Huaqui
1112:Events
1018:Events
956:Causes
807:
743:Tarija
738:Madrid
718:swords
674:Battle
610:. The
546:Viluma
493:Huaqui
288:
207:Result
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1240:Salta
1230:Maipú
765:]
728:, 10
664:Jujuy
604:Salta
512:Salta
90:JSTOR
76:books
805:ISBN
785:and
594:The
560:Yavi
152:Date
62:news
45:by
2585::
851:.
827:^
774:.
763:es
745:.
724:,
720:,
716:,
709:.
634:.
168:,
2372:e
2365:t
2358:v
935:e
928:t
921:v
861:.
813:.
457:e
450:t
443:v
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
