641:(Yuvesna) toward Lachanas and succeeded in capturing the Dichalo-Klepe line after losing some 530 men. The 1st division advanced from the south and successfully captured Vertiskos. On 20 June, the two Greek divisions advanced further and joined their flanks while they made contact with the main Bulgarian defensive location of Lachanas despite the fire from the Bulgarian artillery. During the night of 20 June, the order from HQ to create a detachment to hold the forces attacking Kilkis arrived. In the morning of 21 June, the Bulgarians concentrated their artillery fire on the Greek 5th regiment. Observing the 3rd battalion withdrawing to participate in the detachment for Kilkis, the Bulgarians saw an opportunity and attacked the 1st battalion forcing it to retreat with heavy losses. A counterattack with the 2nd battalion led by the regiment commander stopped the Bulgarians. Following the fall of Kilkis in the morning, the order for the formation of the detachment was cancelled. At 15:00, the two Greek divisions attacked the Bulgarian position in close coordination with artillery and by 16:00 broke through the Bulgarian defence. The Bulgarians retreated in disorder leaving 16 guns and 500 prisoners in the hands of the Greeks.
556:, had 8 divisions and a cavalry brigade (117,861 men) with 176 artillery guns in an 80 km line extended from the Gulf of Orphanos to the Gevgelija area. Since it was not possible for the Greeks to know where the Bulgarians would attack, it was expected that the Bulgarian army would likely enjoy temporary superiority at a point chosen for the attack. The Greek plans were defensive in nature and they expected that the Bulgarians would strike first in a thrust to capture Thessaloniki. As such, Thessaloniki was garrisoned by the newly raised Thessaloniki Fortress Command. The Greek divisions deployed forward had orders to allow the Bulgarians to attack first while holding their positions as best as they could. The Greek army would concentrate the remainder of its units for a counterattack on the weakest Bulgarian flank. The Greek disposition was as such: On the Greek left the
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549:. On 16 June, the Bulgarian force included approximately 75,000 men and 175 guns in 57 infantry battalions, 10 cavalry squadrons and 37 batteries. General Ivanov claimed after the war that his Army consisted of only 36,000 men of whom 20,000 were "still untrained" and that many of his units were understrength. The Greek General Staff considerably overestimated the numbers of Bulgarians, reckoning their numbers to be between 80,000 and 105,000. Although General Ivanov probably underestimated the number of his soldiers, he still faced a much larger Greek enemy.
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the 1st, 2nd and 3rd defensive lines of the
Bulgarians entering the town of Kilkis by the morning of 21 June. In the morning the rest of the Greek divisions joined the attack and the Bulgarians retreated to the north. The Greeks pursued the retreating Bulgarians but lost contact with their enemy due to exhaustion. In the three days battle around Kilkis, the Greeks suffered heavy casualties totalling 5,652 killed and wounded. An additional 276 casualties were suffered by the 10th division which had captured (
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several artillery batteries. Against them 38 Greek battalions attacked with 100 guns. The 3rd brigade (Colonel
Kavarnaliev) covered the sector between Lake Doiran and Lake Ardzan. Following the outbreak of hostilities, reinforcements started arriving on the Bulgarian side, initially in the form of the 10th cavalry regiment which covered the flanks of the Kilkis position, and the Serres brigade which started boarding trains on 18 June.
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The 5th division alone suffered some 1,275 losses on that day. On 20 June, despite having committed all forces and advancing steadily, the Greeks failed to break the
Bulgarian defence. The Greek Cavalry brigade detected Bulgarian reinforcements arriving by rail. As a result, the Greek HQ ordered the offensive to continue the next morning. The 10th division was ordered to disengage from the enemy at Kalinovo (renamed
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was advancing aggressively toward
Karakoli. The force was ultimately encircled and surrendered with 10 officers and 1,500 men. On 21 June, the 7th division continued its slow advance. Even though it was informed of the Bulgarian defeat and retreat over Orliako bridge, the 7th's columns advanced too slowly to block the Bulgarians. The division was heavily criticized for what was considered an unacceptable failure.
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and the heights of
Matsikovo. As a consequence, the Bulgarian line of retreat through Doiran was threatened and Ivanov's army began a desperate retreat which at times threatened to become a rout. Reinforcements came too late and joined the retreat toward Strumica and the Bulgarian border. The Greeks
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between both world wars) and send forces southward to participate in the fighting of Kilkis while the 1st and 6th divisions (at the time engaged in the direction of
Lachanas) was ordered to create a 6-battalion strong detachment plus mountain artillery to reinforce the forces attacking Kilkis on the
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The Greek divisions attacked across the plain in rushes under
Bulgarian artillery fire. On 19 June, the Greeks overran the Bulgarian forward lines everywhere but suffered heavy losses as the Bulgarian artillery fired incessantly with great accuracy guided by their observation on the hills of Kilkis.
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Meanwhile, the Greek 7th division had been fighting on the far east flank. On 19 June, the 7th division successfully captured the saddle of
Karakoli and then continued on to capture Nigrita without resistance on 20 June. Meanwhile, a Bulgarian force consisting of regimental staff and one battalion
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Acting under the previous order of the Greek HQ which requested Kilkis be captured by the night of 20 June, the 2nd division went forward alone. During the night of 20 June, following an artillery fire exchange, two regiments of the 2nd division crossed the
Gallikos River and successively attacked
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At Kilkis, the
Bulgarians had constructed strong defenses including captured Ottoman guns which dominated the plain below. The area was defended by the Bulgarian 3rd division, minus its 1st brigade. Kilkis itself was garrisoned by the 2nd brigade (Colonel Ribarov) of eight battalions, supported by
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On 15 June, the Bulgarian Army took orders to advance towards Thessaloniki. The Greeks stopped them and by 18 June an order for general counterattack was issued. The next day, the 10th division attacked toward the heights of Kallinovo north of Lake Artzan while the 3rd, 5th, 4th and 2nd divisions
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The casualties and losses of the battle were the heaviest in the modern Greek military history. However, the conclusion was a triumph for the Greeks and boosted the popularity of the new King. Due to its significance for the Greeks, the Battle of Kilkis gave its name to a Greek battleship, the
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The defeat of the Bulgarian 2nd Army by the Greeks was the greatest military disaster suffered by the Bulgarians in the 2nd Balkan war. Bulgarian sources estimated a total of 6,971 casualties. The Greeks reportedly suffered 8,828 casualties. On the Bulgarian right, the
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attacked toward the area of Kilkis. The 6th and 1st divisions attacked toward Lachanas and the 7th division toward the Karakoli saddle and Nigrita. The Cavalry brigade operated between the 10th and 3rd divisions.
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Similar to the defense of Kilkis, the Bulgarians also had prepared defensive works at Lachanas. Like Kilkis, the hills at Lachanas provided the Bulgarians with excellent fields of fire.
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During the night of 16–17 June, the Bulgarians, without an official declaration of war, attacked their former Greek and Serbian allies, and managed to evict the Serbs from
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887:"The War between Bulgaria and the other Balkan Countries in 1913" (1941). State Publishing House. Ministry of War, Army Headquarters, Republic of Bulgaria.
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Nikolaou, Brigadier General Charalambos G. (June 2001). "19-21 Ιουνίου 1913: Μάχη του Κιλκίς-Λαχάνα" [June 19-21, 1913: Battle of Kilkis-Lahana].
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on 20 June and the hills of Kalinovo in the afternoon of 21 June. Approximately 500 Bulgarian soldiers, 3 guns and many rifles had been captured.
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The two Greek divisions suffered 2,701 killed and wounded at Lachanas while the 7th division suffered a further 199 casualties.
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divisions were held as reserve north of Thessaloniki, while the Cavalry Brigade was stationed in Sindos west of Thessaloniki.
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to the Aegean Sea. The army had been in place since May and was considered a veteran group having fought at the
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river line. After repulsing the initial Bulgarian attack of 17 June, the Greek army, under King
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occupied the territory between the Gallikos River and the Thessaloniki-Serres highway; the
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This article is about the Battle of Kilkis of 1913. For other battles, see
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divisions occupied the area between the Axios and Gallikos rivers; the
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The War between Bulgaria and the Other Balkan Countries in 1913 (1941)
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A Concise History of the Balkan Wars 1912-1913 (1998), Paragraph 286
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on 5 July but were unable to cut off the Bulgarian retreat through
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occupied the area between Lake Volvi and the Gulf of Orphanos. The
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positioned themselves between lakes Langada and Volvi; and the
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Capture of Kilkis, Lachanas, Gevgelija, Karakoli, and Nigrita
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The Balkan Wars, 1912-1913: Prelude to the First World War
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882:] (in Greek). Athens: General Staff of the Army.
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Hellenic Army General Staff Army History Directorate
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Greek soldiers advance towards Bulgarian positions.
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Expulsion of the Bulgarian population from the town
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839:"A Concise History of the Balkan Wars 1912-1913".
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637:On 19 June, the Greek 6th division advance from
849:The Greek Army during the Balkan Wars, Volume C
874:Politakou, Lieutenant General Ioannou (1980).
326:(57 infantry battalions, 10 cavalry squadrons)
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481:in Central Macedonia from 19 to 21 June 1913
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333:(73 Infantry Battalions, 8 Cavalry Squadrons)
790:The Greek Army during the Balkan Wars (1932)
660:Bulgarian trench after the battle of Kilkis
477:. The two countries fought for the town of
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345:2,500 men and 19 artillery pieces captured
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485:with Greece ultimately being victorious.
129:Learn how and when to remove this message
1306:Provisional Government of Western Thrace
876:Στρατιωτική Ιστορία της Νεωτέρας Ελλάδος
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703:The battle is also commemorated at the
167:A Greek lithograph depicting the battle
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1777:Military history of Macedonia (Greece)
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67:adding citations to reliable sources
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1434:Initial phase of the Greek genocide
1337:1913 Romanian Army cholera outbreak
869:(in Greek) (58). Athena: Periscope.
851:. Greek Ministry of the Army. 1932.
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938:Nationalism in the Ottoman Empire
880:Military History of Modern Greece
1772:Military history of Thessaloniki
1727:Battles of the Second Balkan War
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78:"Battle of Kilkis–Lachanas"
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18:Battle of Kilkis-Lachanas
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1316:Treaty of Constantinople
1208:1913 Ottoman coup d'état
709:Battle of Lahanas Museum
348:8,828 killed and wounded
343:6,971 killed and wounded
1767:Constantine I of Greece
1386:Balkans campaign of WWI
1035:Albanian revolt of 1912
32:Battle of Kilkis (1944)
1757:Kilkis (regional unit)
1660:Crown Prince Alexander
1638:Crown Prince Ferdinand
1601:Kölemen Abdullah Pasha
1429:Massacres of Civilians
1419:Massacres of Albanians
1372:Sarajevo Assassination
1301:Greek–Serbian Alliance
1294:Diplomacy and politics
1191:Diplomacy and politics
1015:Bulgarian Independence
856:Hall, Richard (2000).
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298:Commanders and leaders
233:40.9937083; 22.8753667
1686:Other Balkan states:
1527:Eleftherios Venizelos
1203:Albanian Independence
1005:Young Turk Revolution
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338:Casualties and losses
169:by Sotiris Christidis
1537:Pavlos Kountouriotis
537:and then across the
63:improve this article
1564:Crown Prince Danilo
1414:Carnegie Commission
1311:Treaty of Bucharest
1000:Macedonian Struggle
976:Serbo-Bulgarian War
686:until they reached
543:siege of Adrianople
465:took place between
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860:. Interallied War.
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1525:
1523:
1522:Constantine I
1520:
1518:
1515:
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1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
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1493:
1491:
1490:Nikola Ivanov
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1132:First Çatalca
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1077:Pente Pigadia
1075:
1073:
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1068:
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1054:
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1047:
1041:
1040:Balkan League
1038:
1036:
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1021:
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825:, p. 52.
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527:Nikola Ivanov
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311:Constantine I
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305:Nikola Ivanov
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219:22°52′31.32″E
216:40°59′37.35″N
207:
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119:February 2010
111:
108:
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97:
94:
90:
87:
83:
80: –
79:
75:
74:Find sources:
68:
64:
58:
57:
52:This article
50:
46:
41:
40:
37:
33:
19:
1692:Ismail Kemal
1475:Mihail Savov
1470:Stoyan Danev
1448:Participants
1347:
1265:Kresna Gorge
1239:
1223:
1092:Kirk Kilisse
1050:
986:Cretan State
879:
875:
866:
857:
848:
840:
818:
785:
773:
702:
696:
692:
690:on 24 July.
688:Kresna Gorge
684:Struma River
663:
647:
643:
636:
633:
620:
611:
607:
598:
574:1st Division
570:4th Division
551:
520:
499:Vardar/Axios
492:
462:
460:
450:Kresna Gorge
399:
269:Belligerents
247:
125:
116:
106:
99:
92:
85:
73:
61:Please help
56:verification
53:
36:
1586:Nazim Pasha
1480:Ivan Fichev
1465:Ivan Geshov
1460:Ferdinand I
1376:World War I
1102:Lule Burgas
1067:Sarantaporo
924:Balkan Wars
778:Hall (2000)
747:Hall (2000)
700:, in 1914.
680:Struma Pass
531:Lake Dojran
503:Constantine
473:during the
329:117,861 men
231: /
155:Balkan Wars
1721:Categories
1596:Esad Pasha
1591:Zeki Pasha
1559:Nicholas I
1554:Montenegro
1407:Atrocities
1250:Bregalnica
1112:Adrianople
1025:Goudi coup
931:Background
832:References
489:Background
445:Adrianople
410:Bregalnica
322:75,076 men
89:newspapers
1616:Enver Bey
1355:Aftermath
1260:Kalimanci
1255:Knjaževac
1072:Kardzhali
948:Bulgarian
715:Citations
674:captured
671:Gevgelija
669:captured
652:Aftermath
624:Gevgelija
495:Gevgelija
440:Kalimanci
415:Knjaževac
1706:Category
1581:Mehmed V
1517:George I
1455:Bulgaria
1142:Merhamli
1137:Kaliakra
1127:Monastir
1087:Kumanovo
1082:Sorovich
943:Albanian
707:and the
630:Lachanas
618:flank.
523:2nd Army
517:Conflict
511:Lachanas
471:Bulgaria
331:176 guns
324:175 guns
317:Strength
280:Bulgaria
202:Bulgaria
198:Lachanas
189:Location
153:and the
149:Part of
1688:Albania
1655:Peter I
1633:Carol I
1628:Romania
1348:General
1233:Battles
1157:Korytsa
1147:Driskos
1107:Yenidje
1097:Scutari
1060:Battles
958:Serbian
667:Evzones
639:Assiros
545:in the
425:Dobruja
103:scholar
1650:Serbia
1512:Greece
1245:Doiran
1177:Bizani
1172:Şarköy
1167:Bulair
1162:Lemnos
1122:Himara
1117:Prilep
993:&
697:Kilkis
676:Dojran
604:Kilkis
535:Serres
513:line.
507:Kilkis
479:Kilkis
467:Greece
435:Danube
405:Doiran
292:Greece
244:Result
206:Greece
194:Kilkis
183:(O.S.)
105:
98:
91:
84:
76:
27:Battle
1330:Other
1285:Pirot
1280:Vidin
953:Greek
878:[
430:Vidin
420:Pirot
309:King
303:Gen.
204:(now
110:JSTOR
96:books
1374:and
1152:Elli
991:IMRO
584:and
564:and
483:O.S.
469:and
461:The
196:and
178:Date
82:news
586:6th
582:2nd
578:7th
566:5th
562:3rd
65:by
1723::
797:^
754:^
737:^
722:^
711:.
200:,
1694:)
1690:(
916:e
909:t
902:v
813:.
768:.
509:–
377:e
370:t
363:v
208:)
132:)
126:(
121:)
117:(
107:·
100:·
93:·
86:·
59:.
34:.
20:)
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