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Although
Villars wanted to pursue, Maximilian argued their troops were in no shape to do so, having marched nearly 40 kilometres (25 mi) in twelve hours, then fought a battle. He besieged Augsburg instead, which surrendered in early October, but this irretrievably damaged his relationship with
1854:
By 16:00, the last of the
Imperial infantry had exited the battlefield, reaching Nördlingen around midnight. Estimates of casualties vary; in his "Memoirs", Villars claimed to have killed, wounded or captured over 12,000, for the loss of only 1,000. Other sources suggest 4,500 Imperial casualties,
1845:
By 13:00, the
Imperial cavalry had been in action for nearly five hours, and taken heavy losses. Limburg Stirum gave them permission to withdraw, with the infantry left to fight their way out, a situation made more difficult because they had to abandon their baggage and ammunition supplies. At one
1833:
Unfortunately, this was also the signal
Villars had previously agreed with d'Husson would indicate he was ready to attack. Assuming this to be the case, the latter launched his assault prematurely at 8:00 am, with Villars still some distance away. While this stopped the retreat, and both sides
1846:
point, four battalions of French infantry managed to get across their line of retreat, and the road was re-opened only by a series of desperate charges. The rear guard was formed by Anhalt-Dessau's
Prussians, whose stubborn resistance gave the rest of the Imperial infantry time to escape.
1823:
1432:, but was attacked by d'Husson as he did so. The Imperials drove their outnumbered opponents back, before the main Franco-Bavarian force arrived on the battlefield at 11:00 am. Attempts to block the road north nearly succeeded, before a stubborn rearguard action by
1834:
suffered heavy casualties in a series of bloody firefights, the
Imperial troops eventually drove back their outnumbered opponents. French units around Höchstädt and its castle repulsed a number of Prussian assaults, but by 11:00 am d'Husson's
1783:, then join him in attacking the Franco-Bavarian camp. However, his artillery was delayed, giving Villars and Maximilian time to reach Donauwörth first, and order d'Husson to move up from Dillingen. When Limburg Stirum stopped at
1807:, while Imperial foragers ran into d'Husson's advance guard under General Cheyladet. Correctly deducing he was threatened from two sides, Limburg Stirum held a hurried conference with his deputies, Lieutenant-General
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1077:
589:
296:
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those of the Franco-Bavarian force being around 1,500. Prussian archives put their own losses as 900 from a contingent of 6,000, with another 3,000 attributed to the rest of the army.
1032:
1222:
1197:
1072:
1296:
1318:
1092:
870:
1266:
494:
329:
1112:
940:
935:
890:
1232:
559:
419:
1002:
900:
626:
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was disintegrating. Limburg Stirum thought he had won a victory, only to find the main Franco-Bavarian army had now reached the battlefield. Bavarian cavalry under the
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671:
631:
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1251:
414:
364:
783:
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945:
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1256:
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The
Imperials lost around 4,500 men compared to 1,500 for the Franco-Bavarians, as well as much of their baggage, but Maximilian opted not to pursue. The 1704
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534:
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850:
706:
636:
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434:
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Early on the morning on 20 September, Limburg Stirum found the main Franco-Bavarian army of 15,000 was advancing on him from Donauwörth, with a
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1753:. To monitor his movements, Villars constructed a fortified camp outside Dillingen, where he was joined by Maximilian on 1 September.
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blocked French attempts to break into the northern
Rhineland. Louis William played an important role in the 1704 campaign that ended at
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17:
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1815:. Deciding their current position was indefensible, they agreed to withdraw along the road running north from Schwenningen to
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on 19 September, he was unaware there were 15,000 men blocking his advance, with d'Husson and 8,000 men closing from behind.
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immediately attacked the
Imperial lines, to provide time for their slower moving infantry to cut the road to Nördlingen.
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in
October. However, this had little impact on the strategic situation, with both sides going into winter quarters.
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2332:
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Villars, who was recalled to France. Despite the failure of their Bavarian offensive, Imperial units based in the
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1022:
35:
1421:. The latter arrived in Höchstädt on 19 September, but Villars and Maximilian had already reached Donauwörth.
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1375:
1132:
201:
1900:
1867:, fought over much of the same ground, and known to the Dutch and Germans as the Second Battle of Höchstädt.
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1829:, commander of the Prussian contingent, whose stubborn resistance enabled most of the Imperial army to escape
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1456:
1355:
771:
306:
232:
52:
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925:
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and 18,000 men to keep them occupied. On 3 September, he himself crossed the Danube with a small force at
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1042:
1819:. In preparation, his artillery fired three shots, the signal for all troops to return to the main army.
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1359:
1007:
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86:
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They were too late to save Augsburg, which surrendered on 6 September, and withdrew to positions around
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Wars of the age of Louis XIV, 1650-1715: an encyclopedia of global warfare and civilization
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of 8,000 under the Marquis d'Husson in his rear. He therefore decided to withdraw north to
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capital, a plan vetoed by Maximilian. Instead, the Bavarians advanced south into the
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He tried to persuade Maximilian to join him in marching down the Danube and taking
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Höchstädt Castle; French troops used this as a defensive position during the battle
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920:
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1892:
1816:
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1414:
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1506:. By the end of April, he held strongholds along the river stretching from
1955:
These figures frequently appear in English language accounts of the battle
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http://kronoskaf.com/wss/index.php?title=1703-09-20_–_Battle_of_Höchstädt
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While the two commanders argued over their next move, Louis William left
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1511:
1418:
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1804:
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with 18,000 men, and join an attack on the Franco-Bavarian camp at
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1795:
The Imperial army spent the night camped on level ground outside
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1531:
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1406:
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During the summer of 1703, a Franco-Bavarian offensive along the
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30:
This article is about the 1703 battle. For the 1704 battle, see
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1734:
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1398:
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1933:
Now in Germany, the town was part of France from 1680 to 1815
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enabled the rest of the infantry to make an orderly retreat.
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Geschichte der Preußischen Armee, Volume 15 1500 bis 1740
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1413:. He then ordered Limburg Stirum to cross the Danube at
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began in March 1701, it was initially focused on the
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1946:, this meant Bavaria was technically in rebellion
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2167:Militär-historisches Kriegs-Lexikon (1618-1905)
1530:on 28 April, and met up with the Bavarians at
290:
2318:Battles of the War of the Spanish Succession
1811:and the leader of the Prussian contingent,
1354:took place on 20 September 1703 during the
1903:) Höchstädt was fought on 19 September O/S
1447:was fought over much of the same ground.
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1504:Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria
1821:
2343:Battles involving the Holy Roman Empire
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1518:. Villars, who had spent the winter in
27:Battle in the War of Spanish Succession
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1403:Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden
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2203:Marlborough; England's Fragile Genius
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1498:1703 began with a campaign along the
1401:. In response, Imperial forces under
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1980:
1912:The 1704 battle known in English as
2184:War of Spanish Succession 1701-1714
1809:Johann Matthias von der Schulenburg
1728:(dark green) key locations in text;
24:
1827:Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau
1813:Leopold I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau
1693:
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1603:
1487:joined the French coalition, with
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2271:(in French). Ernest Flammarion.
2269:Batailles françaises; Volume VI
2231:The Wars of Louis XIV 1667-1714
1949:
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1483:in September. Soon afterwards,
1936:
1927:
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1891:from 1582 onwards, except the
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1376:Claude Louis Hector de Villars
324:Low Countries and Upper France
13:
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2328:1703 in the Holy Roman Empire
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1922:Zweite Schlacht bei Höchstädt
1901:Old Style and New Style dates
1895:, which continued to use the
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1457:War of the Spanish Succession
1450:
1356:War of the Spanish Succession
53:War of the Spanish Succession
1870:
1849:
7:
2338:Military history of Bavaria
2224:(in German). Biblio Verlag.
1633:
1491:winning a minor victory at
1393:potentially threatened the
34:. For the 1800 battle, see
10:
2359:
2186:. Pen and Sword Military.
2157:
1918:Second Battle of Höchstädt
36:Battle of Höchstädt (1800)
29:
2313:Battles involving Austria
2308:Battles involving Bavaria
2267:Périni, Hardÿ de (1896).
1790:
1768:, a move that threatened
1352:First Battle of Höchstädt
810:Italy and Southern France
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153:
109:
69:
58:
50:
45:
2303:Battles involving France
2248:Nolan, Cathal J (2008).
2201:Holmes, Richard (2008).
1916:is also referred to the
1438:Leopold of Anhalt-Dessau
570:Grovestins' Cavalry Raid
178:Leopold of Anhalt-Dessau
2333:18th century in Bavaria
2182:Falkner, James (2016).
2164:Bodart, Gaston (1908).
1526:, crossed the Rhine at
606:Germany and Upper Rhine
101:Franco-Bavarian victory
2229:Lynn, John A. (1999).
1830:
1785:Höchstädt an der Donau
1751:Dillingen an der Donau
1360:Höchstädt an der Donau
1108:Santa Cruz de Tenerife
269:1,500 dead or wounded
154:Commanders and leaders
87:Höchstädt an der Donau
1883:The article uses the
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1033:Valencia de Alcántara
261:Casualties and losses
213:Elector Maximilian II
148:Electorate of Bavaria
1887:, widely adopted in
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1522:, capital of French
2220:Jany, Carl (1967).
2099:, pp. 110–111.
1861:Lines of Stollhofen
1461:Spanish Netherlands
871:Castelnuovo Bormida
190:von der Schulenburg
188:Lieutenant-General
46:Battle of Höchstädt
18:Battle of Höchstädt
2252:. Bloomsbury 3PL.
1885:Gregorian calendar
1831:
1445:Battle of Blenheim
1133:2nd Ciudad Rodrigo
1073:1st Ciudad Rodrigo
309:Spanish Succession
77:20 September 1703
32:Battle of Blenheim
2298:Conflicts in 1703
2240:978-0-582-05629-9
1944:Holy Roman Empire
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405:2nd Fort Isabella
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590:2nd Le Quesnoy
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
560:1st Le Quesnoy
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
505:Saint Ghislain
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
387:
382:
377:
372:
367:
362:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
326:
325:
321:
318:
317:
302:
301:
294:
287:
279:
271:
270:
267:
263:
262:
258:
257:
254:
250:
249:
245:
244:
192:
167:Limburg Styrum
156:
155:
151:
150:
126:
112:
111:
107:
106:
103:
102:
99:
95:
94:
85:
83:
79:
78:
75:
67:
66:
56:
55:
48:
47:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2355:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2270:
2265:
2261:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2232:
2227:
2223:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2185:
2180:
2169:
2168:
2162:
2161:
2149:
2144:
2137:
2132:
2125:
2120:
2113:
2108:
2106:
2098:
2093:
2086:
2081:
2074:
2069:
2067:
2060:, p. 85.
2059:
2054:
2047:
2042:
2036:, p. 83.
2035:
2030:
2023:
2018:
2012:, p. 80.
2011:
2006:
1999:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1982:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1968:
1952:
1945:
1939:
1930:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1909:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1893:British Isles
1890:
1886:
1880:
1876:
1868:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1847:
1843:
1841:
1840:Graf von Arco
1837:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1727:
1723:
1686:
1670:
1626:
1542:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1516:Imperial Diet
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1473:Imperial army
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1448:
1446:
1441:
1439:
1436:troops under
1435:
1431:
1427:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1366:, a combined
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1329:Cabrita Point
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1303:Naval battles
1302:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
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1278:
1275:
1273:
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1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1228:4th Barcelona
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
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1191:
1189:
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1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1063:3rd Barcelona
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1048:2nd Barcelona
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1028:2nd Gibraltar
1026:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1018:1st Gibraltar
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1008:1st Barcelona
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
995:
991:
990:
987:
984:
982:
979:
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964:
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869:
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829:
827:
824:
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808:
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802:
800:
797:
795:
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787:
785:
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777:
773:
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769:
768:
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760:
758:
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748:
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735:
733:
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728:
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723:
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713:
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663:
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648:
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638:
635:
633:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
609:
605:
604:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
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413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
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388:
386:
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378:
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368:
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361:
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356:
353:
351:
348:
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341:
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333:
331:
328:
327:
323:
322:
319:
310:
300:
295:
293:
288:
286:
281:
280:
277:
268:
265:
264:
259:
255:
252:
251:
246:
240:
234:
233:Graf von Arco
229:
220:
214:
209:
203:
198:
193:
191:
185:
179:
174:
168:
163:
158:
157:
152:
149:
144:
138:
127:
125:
114:
113:
108:
100:
97:
96:
92:
88:
84:
81:
80:
76:
73:
72:
68:
62:
57:
54:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2268:
2249:
2230:
2221:
2202:
2183:
2171:. Retrieved
2166:
2143:
2131:
2119:
2092:
2080:
2058:Falkner 2016
2053:
2041:
2034:Falkner 2016
2029:
2017:
2005:
1951:
1938:
1929:
1921:
1917:
1908:
1879:
1857:
1853:
1844:
1832:
1803:outposts in
1797:Schwenningen
1794:
1774:
1762:Munderkingen
1755:
1732:
1684:
1668:
1624:
1534:in mid-May.
1497:
1479:, capturing
1454:
1442:
1423:
1388:
1382:army led by
1378:defeated an
1374:force under
1351:
1349:
1339:Lizard Point
1319:Cape Spartel
1193:Villaviciosa
976:Fenestrelles
762:2nd Haguenau
752:1st Haguenau
732:2nd Trarbach
697:Schellenberg
676:
667:Munderkingen
632:1st Trarbach
612:Kaiserswerth
595:2nd Bouchain
550:1st Bouchain
540:Saint-Venant
355:Stevensweert
110:Belligerents
40:
2233:. Longman.
2173:12 November
2148:Holmes 2008
2112:Périni 1896
2097:Périni 1896
2085:Périni 1896
2073:Périni 1896
2010:Périni 1896
1998:Bodart 1908
1493:Friedlingen
1397:capital of
1334:Beachy Head
1297:Nagymajtény
1267:Nagyszombat
1252:Schmöllnitz
1233:2nd Majorca
1093:1st Majorca
1038:Albuquerque
941:Pizzigetone
936:Alessandria
784:3rd Hagenau
742:Lauterbourg
737:Wissembourg
622:Friedlingen
580:Marchiennes
495:Hondschoote
465:Dendermonde
340:Saint Donas
2292:Categories
2136:Nolan 2008
2046:Nolan 2008
1963:References
1817:Nördlingen
1781:Donauwörth
1777:Nordendorf
1700:Donauwörth
1654:Regensburg
1610:Nördlingen
1520:Strasbourg
1512:Regensburg
1471:, with an
1451:Background
1430:Nördlingen
1419:Nordendorf
1415:Donauwörth
1247:Eisenstadt
1223:2nd Girona
1198:1st Girona
1183:2nd Madrid
1088:El Albujón
1078:1st Madrid
1013:Portalegre
846:Borgoforte
799:4th Landau
794:Rumersheim
789:Stollhofen
757:Drusenheim
727:3rd Landau
712:Ingolstadt
687:2nd Landau
682:Speyerbach
657:Sigharting
617:1st Landau
565:Landrécies
520:Malplaquet
485:Wijnendale
335:Middelburg
307:War of the
2124:Jany 1967
2022:Lynn 1999
1981:Lynn 1999
1924:in German
1871:Footnotes
1850:Aftermath
1747:Haunsheim
1685:To Vienna
1582:Dillingen
1568:Höchstädt
1455:When the
1203:Aren Fort
1168:La Gudiña
1113:Castellón
1068:Alcántara
1058:San Mateo
916:Calcinato
901:Mirandola
856:Governolo
851:Guastalla
779:Aidenbach
707:Villingen
677:Höchstädt
637:Andernach
627:Rheinberg
585:2nd Douai
530:1st Douai
490:Leffinghe
475:Oudenarde
445:Ramillies
435:Zandvliet
430:Zoutleeuw
415:2nd Liége
375:Groesbeek
365:1st Liége
1914:Blenheim
1865:Blenheim
1805:Tapfheim
1801:Prussian
1766:Augsburg
1739:Austrian
1554:Augsburg
1434:Prussian
1411:Augsburg
1405:entered
1395:Habsburg
1380:Imperial
1372:Bavarian
1309:Vigo Bay
1208:Venasque
1188:Brihuega
1178:Zaragoza
1163:Alicante
1043:Montjuïc
986:Syracuse
961:2nd Susa
896:Chivasso
881:Vercelli
876:1st Susa
804:Freiburg
772:Sendling
717:Blenheim
692:Augsburg
672:Breisach
642:Neubourg
500:Brussels
425:Elixheim
380:Tongeren
360:Roermond
345:Nijmegen
248:Strength
82:Location
51:Part of
2158:Sources
1726:Bavaria
1714:Ehingen
1532:Ehingen
1489:Villars
1485:Bavaria
1469:Germany
1407:Bavaria
1364:Bavaria
1282:Trenčín
1240:Hungary
1218:Cardona
1213:Tortosa
1173:Almenar
1153:Minorca
1148:Tortosa
1143:Morella
1123:Almansa
1118:Villena
1053:Badajoz
971:Exilles
906:Cassano
841:Luzzara
826:Cremona
767:Bavaria
747:Homburg
647:Geldern
535:Béthune
515:Tournai
450:Antwerp
420:3rd Huy
410:2nd Huy
400:Limburg
395:1st Huy
385:Stekene
91:Bavaria
2256:
2237:
2209:
2190:
1889:Europe
1791:Battle
1770:Munich
1737:, the
1735:Vienna
1625:Danube
1596:Munich
1524:Alsace
1500:Danube
1481:Landau
1475:under
1399:Vienna
1391:Danube
1368:Franco
1324:Málaga
1287:Kölesd
1138:Lleida
1128:Xàtiva
1098:Cuenca
1083:Murcia
981:Cesana
956:Toulon
946:Casale
891:Verrua
821:Chiari
600:Knocke
575:Denain
455:Ostend
390:Ekeren
313:Europe
256:23,000
253:18,000
134:
121:
98:Result
1836:corps
1743:Tyrol
1669:Tyrol
1426:corps
1292:Kassa
1272:Zsibó
1158:Denia
1103:Elche
1023:Ceuta
998:Cádiz
966:Gaeta
951:Milan
931:Pavia
921:Turin
886:Ivrea
816:Carpi
555:Arras
510:Ghent
480:Lille
460:Menin
440:Diest
370:Hulst
350:Venlo
2254:ISBN
2235:ISBN
2207:ISBN
2188:ISBN
2175:2023
1528:Kehl
1463:and
1350:The
1262:Páta
1257:Raab
911:Nice
866:Arco
861:Nago
702:Rain
662:Bonn
652:Kehl
545:Aire
525:Mons
74:Date
1920:or
1640:Ulm
1510:to
1508:Ulm
1502:by
1362:in
722:Ulm
470:Ath
2294::
2104:^
2065:^
1988:^
1971:^
1386:.
89:,
2262:.
2243:.
2215:.
2196:.
2177:.
1370:-
298:e
291:t
284:v
38:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
