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totaled 7,993 (1,483 killed, 6,402 wounded, 108 missing or captured) including the loss of three brigade commanders and one general officer. For comparison, no Union general officers were killed or wounded and only one brigade commander, Col. Warren, who remained on the field (the chief of McCall's artillery, Maj. Henry DeHart, was also mortally wounded). Since the
Confederate assault was conducted against only a small portion of the Union Army (the V Corps (+), one third of the army), the army emerged from the battle in relatively good shape overall. Lee's victory, his first of the war, could have been more complete if it were not for the mishaps of Stonewall Jackson. Historian Stephen W. Sears speculates that were it not for Jackson's misdirected march and his poor staff work, the major assault that Lee unleashed at 7 p.m. could have occurred three or four hours earlier. This would have put Porter in grave jeopardy, without any last-minute reinforcements and the cover of darkness. He quotes
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847:, but they could not advance beyond the swamp, falling with about 20% casualties. Porter was starting to receive reinforcements from Slocum's division and he brought forward troops to feed into gaps in his line. However, despite telegrams from Porter for more assistance, General McClellan gave no thought to the advantages of a counterattack. He asked his corps commanders south of the river whether they had any troops they could spare. When no one volunteered, he directed Sumner of the II Corps to send two brigades—about one tenth of the army—across the river, but because of the distances involved they would not reach the scene for another three hours.
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advantages of good defensible terrain and superiority in artillery. The
Confederates were not able to advance simultaneously in a neat battle line over the 2.25-mile front, but rushed forward and were repulsed intermittently in smaller unit actions. On the Confederate left, D.H. Hill sent in his entire division except for Ripley's brigade, which had been badly mauled in the fighting at Beaver Dam Creek the previous day, but they encountered stiff resistance from George Sykes's regulars. The 20th North Carolina succeeded in overrunning a Union battery, its commander, Col.
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Confederate breakthroughs on their center and right could not be countered, and the Union line crumbled. A total of nine Union regimental commanders were killed or mortally wounded in the battle. Most of the 4th New Jersey, along with its colonel, were surrounded and taken prisoner by
Longstreet's division; a lieutenant colonel assumed command of the remaining men in the regiment. Sykes's regulars conducted an orderly withdrawal from the McGehee house to Grapevine Bridge. The Union brigades of Brig. Gens.
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606:(or Mechanicsville). Lee attacked Porter's V Corps north of the Chickahominy, while the bulk of the Union Army was relatively unoccupied south of the river. Although this battle was a tactical victory for the Union, McClellan realized that he could not keep Porter's corps in place with Jackson threatening his flank. He ordered Porter to begin a withdrawal and at the same time decided to change the army's base of supply from
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of Lee's force was destined to be the largest
Confederate attack of the war, about 57,000 men in six divisions. Lee traveled to Walnut Grove Church to meet with Jackson and describe the plan, which called for Jackson to march toward Old Cold Harbor, and then south beyond Porter's flank. Unfortunately, Lee made incorrect assumptions about Porter's disposition. He assumed that the V Corps would defend the line of
639:. The appearance of this balloon reinforced McClellan's fear that the Confederates were planning for an offensive against his left flank. For the second day, the Confederates were able to continue fooling McClellan south of the river by employing minor diversionary attacks to command the attention of 60,000 Federal troops while the heavier action occurred north of the river.
803:, who was met by Lee's aide, Walter Taylor, and instructed to move into action immediately. Lee was concerned that Porter would counterattack the weakened troops of A.P. Hill, so he ordered Longstreet to conduct a diversionary attack to stabilize the lines until Jackson's full command could arrive and attack from the north. In Longstreet's attack, Brig. Gen.
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726:'s division. Hill was surprised at the level of resistance and also that he seemed to be meeting the front of the Union force, not the expected flank, so he determined to wait for Jackson's arrival before moving further. The noise from this engagement failed to reach General Lee at his headquarters, the house owned by William Hogan, named "Selwyn".
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of the 13th
Virginia assumed command of Elzey's brigade. Samuel Fulkerson was shot in the chest and succumbed to his wound the next day. Col. Edward T.H. Warren of the 10th Virginia took command of the brigade. The Confederate right was opposed by the most difficult terrain, a quarter-mile open wheat
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Lee's assault at 7 p.m. was conducted by 16 brigades, about 32,100 men. Porter had about 34,000 men to defend the line, but many of these were worn out from the previous attacks and command cohesion was hampered by feeding isolated reinforcements into the line to fill gaps. Nevertheless, they had the
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Ewell began his attack immediately, around 3:30 p.m., without waiting for his entire division to come on line. General Lee's instructions were to advance along the same axis used by the brigades of Gregg and Branch, to maintain the momentum of the attack. He sent in his lead brigade, Louisianans
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For the second time in the Seven Days, however, Jackson was late. A guide from the 4th
Virginia Cavalry, Pvt. John Henry Timberlake, had misunderstood Jackson's intent and led him down the wrong road. After they counter-marched, losing about an hour, Jackson's troops found the road to Old Cold Harbor
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A.P. Hill's division had moved across Beaver Dam Creek early in the morning, finding the former Union line lightly defended. As they proceeded eastward and approached Gaines' Mill at about the time that D.H. Hill's men were engaged, Porter formally asked McClellan to send Slocum's division across the
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The first actions of the battle occurred between noon and 1 p.m. on June 27 after D.H. Hill's division reached Old Cold Harbor, where it was scheduled to link up with
Stonewall Jackson's command. Hill pushed through the crossroads with two brigades, which encountered unexpected infantry fire. Seeking
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Lee's offensive plan for June 27 was similar to that of the preceding day. He would use A.P. Hill's and
Longstreet's divisions to pressure Porter's corps as it withdrew, while Stonewall Jackson, augmented by D.H. Hill (Jackson's brother-in-law), hit Porter's right and rear. The combined effort of all
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south of the
Chickahominy, but he feared the vast numbers of Confederates he believed to be before him and failed to capitalize on the overwhelming superiority he actually held on that front. Magruder assisted in this misapprehension by ordering frequent, noisy movements of small units back and forth
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When
Stonewall Jackson finally reached Old Cold Harbor, weary from the marching and counter-marching, he began to arrange his troops and those of D.H. Hill to trap the Federals he expected to be driven east by Longstreet and A.P. Hill. He soon received instructions from General Lee that informed him
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of the II Corps reported enemy activity in his front. McClellan's optimism was dashed, and he ordered that his headquarters' equipment be packed up in preparation for the retreat. On the Confederate side, General Lee had been an active participant in the failed assault, rallying his troops too close
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Gaines' Mill was an intense battle, the largest of the Seven Days and the only clear-cut Confederate tactical victory of the Peninsula Campaign. Union casualties from the 34,214 engaged were 6,837 (894 killed, 3,107 wounded, and 2,836 captured or missing). Of the 57,018 Confederates engaged, losses
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and corrected the garbled instructions they had received. Lee met with Jackson on Telegraph Road and expressed his annoyance at the delay in getting to the battlefield by telling him "General, I am glad to see you and I only wish I could have been with you sooner." Jackson muttered a reply that was
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At dusk, the Confederates finally mounted a coordinated assault that broke Porter's line and drove his men back toward the Chickahominy River. The Federals retreated across the river during the night. The Confederates were too disorganized to pursue the main Union force. Gaines' Mill saved Richmond
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Instead of pursuing a fleeing enemy, as his orders had directed, A.P. Hill attacked an entrenched Union position, losing about 2,000 of his 13,200 men in the failed attempt. Combined with his attacks at Mechanicsville the previous day, the Light Division had lost over a quarter of its men. General
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had established a strong defensive line behind Boatswain's Swamp. Lee's force was destined to launch the largest Confederate attack of the war, about 57,000 men in six divisions. Porter's reinforced V Corps held fast for the afternoon as the Confederates attacked in a disjointed manner, first with
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moved forward swiftly and aggressively and broke a hole in the line. Four of the nine regimental commanders in Whiting's two brigades were killed or wounded, as well as Captain William Balthis, the division's chief of artillery. Pickett's brigade also succeeded in its second assault of the day.
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arrived from the II Corps too late to help, other than as a rear guard for Porter's retreat. A battalion of the 5th U.S. Cavalry under Captain Charles J. Whiting made a desperate charge against the Texas Brigade, but were forced to surrender after heavy losses. By 4 a.m. on June 28, Porter had
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in late May 1862. Lee wanted to take the initiative, believing that remaining on the strategic defensive would play into Union hands and allow the Confederacy to be worn down. He planned to shift his 90,000-man Confederate army to the north of Richmond, and attack McClellan's right flank. The
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Although McClellan had already planned to shift his supply base to the James River, his defeat unnerved him and he precipitously decided to abandon his advance on Richmond and begin the retreat of his entire army to the James. Gaines' Mill and the Union retreat across the Chickahominy was a
771:'s brigade launched three assaults on the Union lines without putting a dent in them. Field's brigade became bogged down in the swamp, and some of the men in the rear ended up firing into their comrades. Some of Gregg's men reached the other side of the creek; none of the rest came close.
646:'s division being captured by the advancing Confederates. Porter selected a new defensive line on a plateau behind Boatswain's Swamp, just to the southeast of a mill owned by Dr. William F. Gaines. It was a strong position, with two divisions laid out in a semicircle—Brig. Gen.
779:, pitch in." He also told Franklin to cross the river over the Duane bridge and attack the enemy's flank if he saw a chance, but he was dismayed to hear that the VI Corps commander had destroyed the bridge for fear of a possible enemy attack. At the same time, Brig. Gen.
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to Harrison's Landing on the James River. (This decision was fatal to McClellan's campaign because by abandoning the railroad that led from the Pamunkey, he would no longer be able to supply his planned siege of Richmond with the necessary heavy artillery.)
767:, which inflicted 57% casualties (76 killed, 221 wounded, and 58 missing) on the South Carolinians, the greatest Confederate regimental losses of the day. Branch's brigade fared no better, losing 401 men in two hours of fighting. Following behind them,
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was ill) numbered only a little over 1000 men, it was held in reserve and did not participate in the fighting. During the assault, Arnold Elzey was shot in the head, an injury that permanently removed him from active field command in the war and Col.
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and the 9th Massachusetts Infantry. By early afternoon, he had run into strong opposition by Porter, deployed along Boatswain's Creek, and the swampy terrain was a major obstacle against the advance. A particularly bloody engagement occurred as the
957:, prominent Confederate artillery officer and postwar historian: "Had Jackson attacked when he first arrived, or during A.P. Hill's attack, we would have had an easy victory—comparatively, & would have captured most of Porter's command."
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and Trimble's of Ewell's division. Jackson's division had the distinction of containing both the largest and smallest Confederate brigades on the field as his third brigade (temporarily commanded by Lt. Col Richard H. Cunningham since Brig. Gen
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627:, which had performed the only aerial observation during the Peninsula Campaign, was now joined by a Confederate competitor. Capt. Langdon Cheves of South Carolina had constructed a multicolored balloon of dress silk obtained from
834:'s absence for medical reasons. Seymour was relatively inexperienced and his troops became confused in the woods and bogs of Boatswain's Swamp. Their confusion increased when Col. Seymour was killed by a Union rifle volley. Maj.
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Battalion, moved to the front to lead the brigade, but he was also killed with a bullet through his head. The Louisiana Brigade withdrew from the battle. Ewell's attack continued with two regiments from the brigade of Brig. Gen.
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Eicher, p. 288. Salmon, p. 106, cites 40,000 Union, 57,000 Confederate. Burton, p. 136, cites "36,000 effectives, of which only 31,000 were really in the fight," 57,000 Confederate. Sears, p. 249, cites 96,100 men on both
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of the current situation and he began to prepare his command to assault the main Federal line. Faulty staff work prevented his men from moving forward for over an hour. While Jackson rode back and forth distractedly, his
892:'s five Georgia regiments, a large new brigade in their first battle. Numbering close to 4000 men, the brigade was as big as the entire rest of Jackson's division. They pushed forward with the assistance of the
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to the front for their comfort. As Longstreet arrived to the southwest of A.P. Hill, he saw the difficulty of attacking over such terrain and delayed until Stonewall Jackson could attack on Hill's left.
807:'s brigade attempted a frontal assault and was beaten back under severe fire with heavy losses. Pickett himself took a bullet to the shoulder, putting him out of action for the rest of the summer; Col.
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obstructed by trees felled by the retreating Union army and were harassed by sharpshooters, delaying their arrival. The first of Jackson's command to reach the battlefield was the division of Maj. Gen.
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field that sloped down to Boatswain's Swamp and then faced two lines of Union defenders on higher ground. James Longstreet ordered Pickett's brigade back into the action, supported by the brigades of
888:, was wounded in the assault. Meanwhile, the 5th Alabama's commander, Col. Charles Peuges, was mortally wounded and the regiment's colors captured by the 5th Maine. In the center were Brig. Gen
1109:, the first preservation successes at Gaines' Mill since before World War II. This new 285-acre "Longstreet Attack" tract greatly expanded the amount of preserved land at Gaines' Mill. The
977:; issued as Stero #914 being taken on the Battlefield of Gaines Mills aka First Cold Harbor April 1865; taken near the Adams Farm where 7th New York artillery was stationed June 1864 see
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The order to Porter's corps came just before dawn and they did not have adequate time to prepare a strong rear guard for the withdrawal, resulting in numerous men from Brig. Gen.
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inaudible under the noise of the battle. Lee then asked Jackson if his troops could stand the heavy enemy fire. "They can stand anything, they can stand that," Jackson replied.
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had ridden around McClellan's army, confirming that the flank was open—not anchored on Totopotomoy Creek—and vulnerable. Lee planned to use Maj. Gen.
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McClellan was encouraged by the telegrams Porter had sent back to his headquarters a few miles to the rear. He replied, "If the enemy are retiring and you are a
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Sears, p. 249. Burton, p. 136, cites 6,837 Union casualties, "about 8,700" Confederate. Salmon, p. 106, cites about 6,800 Union casualties, 8,700 Confederate.
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Sears, pp. 219–21; Burton, p. 103. Salmon, p. 102, states that the artillery engagement occurred at 2 p.m. Welcher, p. 819, states 11 a.m.
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to suppress the fire, he brought forward the Jeff Davis Battery from Alabama, but it was soon outgunned by two six-gun batteries manned by U.S.
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713:"Battle of Gaines Mill, Valley of the Chickahominy, Virginia, June 27, 1862." Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer, 1860 - 1985.
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to spearhead the assault, as they had not been engaged at Beaver Dam Creek and were well-rested. Gregg was held up by skirmishers from Col.
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McClellan's Army of the Potomac had pushed to within a few miles of the Confederate capital of Richmond and had stalled following the
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Eicher, p. 287; Sears, pp. 215–16. Sears notes that stories about the silk coming from donated ladies' dresses is apocryphal.
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control around the Watt House. This tract is only a small fraction of the more than 2,000 acres that comprises the battlefield.
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and its partners have preserved a total of 932 acres (3.77 km) of the battlefield through land acquisitions or easements.
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The only preserved portion of the Gaines' Mill battlefield for nearly 150 years was a 60-acre section of the battlefield under
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on June 25, but the first major battle started the next day when Lee launched a large-scale assault against McClellan at the
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As the sun was starting to go down, William Whiting's division achieved the breakthrough on Longstreet's front. Brig. Gen.
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1621:. National Park Service Civil War Series. Fort Washington, PA: U.S. National Park Service and Eastern National, 1996.
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withdrawn across the Chickahominy, burning the bridges behind him. During the retreat from Gaines' Mill, Brig. Gen
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Tidball, John C. The Artillery Service in the War of the Rebellion, 1861-1865. Westholme Publishing, 2011.
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on the right—and two divisions in reserve—Brig. Gen. George A. McCall and Brig. Gen.
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photograph of the Ruins of Gaines' Mill showing remains of a soldier's grave in the foreground
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and by using groups of slaves with drums to simulate large marching columns. Furthermore, the
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Several of McClellan's subordinates urged him to attack the Confederate division of Maj. Gen.
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Confederate Tide Rising: Robert E. Lee and the Making of Southern Strategy, 1861–1862
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psychological victory for the Confederacy, signaling that Richmond was out of danger.
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Chickahominy over Alexander's Bridge to support him. Hill directed the brigades of
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Confederates advancing to the capture of disabled guns at Gaines Mills, by
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63:, artist, June 27, 1862. Newspaper illustration after the original sketch.
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McClellan's War: The Failure of Moderation in the Struggle for the Union
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1041:"Virginia, Cold harbor extreme Line of Confederate Works" An April 1865
578:
51:
4273:
3148:
2910:
2111:
2106:
871:
821:
729:
447:
3537:
1720:
568:
560:
470:
272:
3542:
944:
was also captured by the Confederates while sleeping under a tree.
852:
776:
1321:
Sears, pp, 234–35; Burton, pp. 110–11; Salmon, p. 106.
760:
489:
for the Confederacy in 1862; the tactical defeat there convinced
1700:: Battle maps, history articles, photos, and preservation news (
4340:
List of films and television shows about the American Civil War
598:
The Seven Days Battles began with a Union attack in the minor
2062:
1087:
Map of Gaines' Mill Battlefield core and study areas by the
1543:
The Union Army, 1861–1865 Organization and Operations
1029:; issued as Stero #918, April 1865). Note part of a series:
859:, took the initiative to find the divisions of Brig. Gens.
818:
was among the party witnessing Pickett's failed attempt.
505:. The battle occurred in almost the same location as the
4402:
Battles of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War
1101:
In 2011, two preservation efforts were completed by the
1013:
Right handed version of preceding photograph Stero #917
260:(1,005 killed, 3,107 wounded, 3,236 missing or captured)
759:
attacked a Massachusetts battery, but were repulsed by
477:, suffering heavy casualties. The arrival of Maj. Gen.
1481:
The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War
267:(1,483 killed, 6,402 wounded, 108 missing or captured)
1464:
Lee Takes Command: From Seven Days to Second Bull Run
1389:
Part of a series- Stero #919 is of Richmond VA is at
1666:
Echoes of Thunder: A Guide to the Seven Days Battles
1120:
896:, along with Col. Samuel V. Fulkerson's brigade and
811:
of the 8th Virginia assumed command of the brigade.
674:, somewhat to the west of Porter's actual location.
1651:
Stonewall Jackson: The Man, The Soldier, The Legend
1574:
The Peninsula & Seven Days: A Battlefield Guide
1449:
Extraordinary Circumstances: The Seven Days Battles
1258:
Salmon, pp. 102–103; Sears, pp. 214–15.
547:Confederate cavalry under the command of Maj. Gen.
446:renewed his attacks against the right flank of the
1668:. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2006.
1330:Sears, pp, 236–40; Burton, pp. 117–27.
993:"Unburied Dead on Battlefield of Gaines Mills" by
830:under Col. Isaac Seymour, commanding in Maj. Gen.
450:, relatively isolated on the northern side of the
1511:The Official Virginia Civil War Battlefield Guide
1417:"Saved Land" webpage. Accessed November 24, 2021.
1158:List of costliest American Civil War land battles
1153:Troop engagements of the American Civil War, 1862
4388:
4026:Confederate States presidential election of 1861
1528:To the Gates of Richmond: The Peninsula Campaign
4407:Confederate victories of the American Civil War
1636:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2005.
1606:. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1998.
1576:. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2007.
1549:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989.
1451:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001.
658:, the latter on loan to Porter from Brig. Gen.
3850:Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the U.S.
1498:. 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1998.
700:Seven Days Battles Confederate order of battle
4412:Battles of the American Civil War in Virginia
1736:
1294:Burton, pp. 94, 99–101; Sears, pp. 227.
1189:
288:
1513:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2001.
1218:
1216:
1214:
1078:
582:Seven Days Battles, June 26–27, 1862
1743:
1729:
1716:Animated history of the Peninsula Campaign
1402:"Gaines' Mill", Save Richmond Battlefields
1267:Time-Life, p. 45; Sears, pp. 217–19.
1203:
1201:
423:which together decided the outcome of the
295:
281:
1466:. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1984.
1211:
534:Eastern Theater of the American Civil War
4417:Hanover County in the American Civil War
1939:Treatment of slaves in the United States
1664:Spruill, Matt III, and Matt Spruill IV.
1653:. New York: MacMillan Publishing, 1997.
1591:. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1959.
1561:National Park Service battle description
1483:. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.
1366:Part of a series of unburied dead is at
1082:
870:
820:
786:
728:
708:
689:Seven Days Battles Union order of battle
577:
3682:Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War
1854:South Carolina Declaration of Secession
1198:
1089:American Battlefield Protection Program
555:'s force, transported by rail from the
14:
4389:
3667:Modern display of the Confederate flag
1750:
1530:. New York: Ticknor and Fields, 1992.
302:
27:Major battle of the American Civil War
3885:
3274:
2838:
2061:
1864:President Lincoln's 75,000 volunteers
1762:
1724:
517:
276:
57:Battle of Friday on the Chickahominy
4021:Committee on the Conduct of the War
3697:United Daughters of the Confederacy
438:(Mechanicsville) the previous day,
24:
4091:U.S. Presidential Election of 1864
3886:
3430:impeachment managers investigation
1809:John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry
1566:
1173:List of American Civil War battles
1168:Virginia in the American Civil War
973:"Unburied Dead on Battlefield" by
677:
415:, took place on June 27, 1862, in
25:
4443:
3516:Reconstruction military districts
1964:Abolitionism in the United States
1919:Plantations in the American South
1834:Origins of the American Civil War
1691:
1589:West Point Atlas of American Wars
1103:Richmond Battlefields Association
884:, who would later gain infamy at
4370:
4361:
4360:
3499:Enforcement Act of February 1871
3472:Pulaski (Tennessee) riot of 1867
1178:List of Virginia Civil War units
1137:
1123:
1066:
1050:
1034:
1018:
1006:
986:
966:
226:
216:
199:
189:
180:
162:
150:
50:
4284:New York City Gold Hoax of 1864
4146:When Johnny Comes Marching Home
3707:Wilmington insurrection of 1898
1496:The Civil War Battlefield Guide
1420:
1406:
1395:
1383:
1372:
1360:
1351:
1342:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1279:
571:attacked from the direction of
4422:1862 in the American Civil War
3387:Southern Homestead Act of 1866
1619:The Battles for Richmond, 1862
1270:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
693:
372:Garnett's & Golding's Farm
13:
1:
3802:Ladies' Memorial Associations
3504:Enforcement Act of April 1871
3400:Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
3275:
1441:
838:, the colorful leader of the
512:
434:. Following the inconclusive
37:(First Battle of Cold Harbor)
3935:Confederate revolving cannon
3677:Sons of Confederate Veterans
3548:South Carolina riots of 1876
3526:Indian Council at Fort Smith
3477:South Carolina riots of 1876
3442:Knights of the White Camelia
1934:Slavery in the United States
1462:Editors of Time-Life Books.
1231:Salmon, pp. 64, 96–97.
947:
413:Battle of Chickahominy River
18:Battle of Gaines's Mill
7:
4289:New York City riots of 1863
4114:Battle Hymn of the Republic
3865:United Confederate Veterans
3702:Children of the Confederacy
3692:United Confederate Veterans
3687:Southern Historical Society
2839:
2319:Price's Missouri Expedition
1789:Timeline leading to the War
1763:
1708:Battle of Gaines's Mill in
1116:
997:; issued as Stero #916 see
650:on the left and Brig. Gen.
501:and begin a retreat to the
10:
4448:
4257:Confederate Secret Service
3845:Grand Army of the Republic
3737:Grand Army of the Republic
3555:Southern Claims Commission
1698:The Battle of Gaines' Mill
1433:American Battlefield Trust
1415:American Battlefield Trust
1391:Civil war Richmond website
1368:Civil war Richmond website
1111:American Battlefield Trust
1107:American Battlefield Trust
875:General Confederate attack
697:
686:
604:Battle of Beaver Dam Creek
531:
521:
497:to abandon his advance on
436:Battle of Beaver Dam Creek
4356:
4332:
4245:Confederate States dollar
4217:
4159:
4104:
4056:Habeas Corpus Act of 1863
4051:Emancipation Proclamation
4013:
3945:Medal of Honor recipients
3902:
3898:
3881:
3833:Confederate Memorial Hall
3815:
3794:
3752:
3724:
3715:
3635:Confederate Memorial Hall
3608:Confederate History Month
3588:Civil War Discovery Trail
3568:
3489:Habeas Corpus Act of 1867
3320:
3295:Reconstruction Amendments
3285:
3281:
3270:
3192:
3061:
3054:
2994:
2858:
2851:
2847:
2834:
2776:
2523:
2516:
2347:
2203:
2162:
2130:
2097:
2090:
2086:
2057:
1954:
1904:Emancipation Proclamation
1872:
1773:
1769:
1758:
1494:Kennedy, Frances H., ed.
1163:Richmond in the Civil War
1131:American Civil War portal
855:and chief of staff, Maj.
757:1st South Carolina Rifles
704:
411:, sometimes known as the
310:
250:
237:
232:Army of Northern Virginia
210:
174:
143:
67:
49:
41:
34:
4319:U.S. Sanitary Commission
4230:Battlefield preservation
4136:Marching Through Georgia
4061:Hampton Roads Conference
4036:Confiscation Act of 1862
4031:Confiscation Act of 1861
3807:U.S. national cemeteries
3613:Confederate Memorial Day
3598:Civil War Trails Program
3467:New Orleans riot of 1866
1648:Robertson, James I., Jr.
1357:Sears, pp. 250–51.
1348:Sears, pp. 249–50.
1183:
1079:Battlefield preservation
682:
625:Union Army Balloon Corps
509:nearly two years later.
417:Hanover County, Virginia
92:Hanover County, Virginia
4240:Confederate war finance
3860:Southern Cross of Honor
3828:1938 Gettysburg reunion
3823:1913 Gettysburg reunion
3521:Reconstruction Treaties
3494:Enforcement Act of 1870
3377:Freedman's Savings Bank
1994:Lane Debates on Slavery
1819:Lincoln–Douglas debates
955:Edward Porter Alexander
744:Lawrence O'Bryan Branch
637:Edward Porter Alexander
75:June 27, 1862
4299:Richmond riots of 1863
4225:Baltimore riot of 1861
4005:U.S. Military Railroad
3925:Confederate Home Guard
3657:Historiographic issues
3623:Historical reenactment
2122:Revenue Cutter Service
1989:William Lloyd Garrison
1898:Dred Scott v. Sandford
1091:
876:
826:
795:
752:1st U.S. Sharpshooters
734:
714:
595:
419:, as the third of the
409:Battle of Gaines' Mill
175:Commanders and leaders
35:Battle of Gaines' Mill
4264:Great Revival of 1863
4141:Maryland, My Maryland
3930:Confederate railroads
3593:Civil War Roundtables
3462:Meridian riot of 1871
3457:Memphis riots of 1866
2014:George Luther Stearns
1999:Elijah Parish Lovejoy
1892:Crittenden Compromise
1710:Encyclopedia Virginia
1587:Esposito, Vincent J.
1096:National Park Service
1086:
1073:Ruins of Gaines' Mill
874:
861:William H. C. Whiting
824:
813:Confederate President
790:
732:
712:
698:Further information:
687:Further information:
581:
544:Battle of Seven Pines
532:Further information:
507:Battle of Cold Harbor
251:Casualties and losses
4151:Daar kom die Alibama
4066:National Union Party
3742:memorials to Lincoln
3662:Lost Cause mythology
3367:Eufaula riot of 1874
3355:Confederate refugees
2568:District of Columbia
2195:Union naval blockade
2041:Underground Railroad
1829:Nullification crisis
493:commander Maj. Gen.
4309:Supreme Court cases
4076:Radical Republicans
3855:Old soldiers' homes
3839:Confederate Veteran
3765:artworks in Capitol
3484:Reconstruction acts
3345:Colfax riot of 1873
2309:Richmond-Petersburg
1914:Fugitive slave laws
1844:Popular sovereignty
1824:Missouri Compromise
1814:Kansas-Nebraska Act
1617:Miller, William J.
1547:The Eastern Theater
1379:Library of Congress
999:Library of Congress
660:William B. Franklin
600:Battle of Oak Grove
495:George B. McClellan
491:Army of the Potomac
340:Hanover Court House
222:Army of the Potomac
186:George B. McClellan
113:37.5790°N 77.2872°W
109: /
4397:Peninsula campaign
4130:A Lincoln Portrait
4071:Politicians killed
3995:U.S. Balloon Corps
3990:Union corps badges
3770:memorials to Davis
3640:Disenfranchisement
3511:Reconstruction era
3392:Timber Culture Act
3350:Compromise of 1877
2314:Franklin–Nashville
1984:Frederick Douglass
1887:Cornerstone Speech
1804:Compromise of 1850
1752:American Civil War
1541:Welcher, Frank J.
1092:
877:
827:
796:
769:Joseph R. Anderson
735:
733:A.P. Hill's attack
715:
596:
538:American Civil War
528:Peninsula Campaign
524:Seven Days Battles
518:Military situation
452:Chickahominy River
432:American Civil War
428:Peninsula Campaign
421:Seven Days Battles
351:Seven Days Battles
304:Peninsula Campaign
169:Confederate States
44:American Civil War
4384:
4383:
4352:
4351:
4348:
4347:
4182:Italian Americans
4167:African Americans
4124:John Brown's Body
3877:
3876:
3873:
3872:
3790:
3789:
3628:Robert E. Lee Day
3372:Freedmen's Bureau
3335:Brooks–Baxter War
3266:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3050:
3049:
2830:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2239:Northern Virginia
2185:Trans-Mississippi
2158:
2157:
2053:
2052:
2049:
2048:
1945:Uncle Tom's Cabin
1882:African Americans
1632:Rafuse, Ethan S.
1602:Harsh, Joseph L.
1582:978-0-8032-6246-1
1572:Burton, Brian K.
1525:Sears, Stephen W.
1447:Burton, Brian K.
937:William H. French
933:Thomas F. Meagher
894:Stonewall Brigade
865:Charles S. Winder
805:George E. Pickett
587: Confederate
557:Shenandoah Valley
553:Stonewall Jackson
479:Stonewall Jackson
473:, then Maj. Gen.
402:
401:
271:
270:
139:
138:
118:37.5790; -77.2872
16:(Redirected from
4439:
4432:June 1862 events
4427:1862 in Virginia
4374:
4364:
4363:
4187:Native Americans
4172:German Americans
3965:Partisan rangers
3960:Official Records
3900:
3899:
3883:
3882:
3775:memorials to Lee
3722:
3721:
3283:
3282:
3272:
3271:
3059:
3058:
2856:
2855:
2849:
2848:
2836:
2835:
2809:Washington, D.C.
2603:Indian Territory
2563:Dakota Territory
2521:
2520:
2438:Chancellorsville
2229:Jackson's Valley
2219:Blockade runners
2095:
2094:
2088:
2087:
2059:
2058:
2019:Thaddeus Stevens
2009:Lysander Spooner
1969:Susan B. Anthony
1771:
1770:
1760:
1759:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1722:
1721:
1509:Salmon, John S.
1478:Eicher, David J.
1436:
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1128:
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1022:
1010:
990:
970:
942:John F. Reynolds
890:Alexander Lawton
857:Robert L. Dabney
845:Isaac R. Trimble
840:Louisiana Tigers
801:Richard S. Ewell
722:from Brig. Gen.
648:George W. Morell
644:George A. McCall
620:John B. Magruder
592:
586:
565:James Longstreet
475:Richard S. Ewell
466:the division of
459:Fitz John Porter
377:Savage's Station
362:Beaver Dam Creek
330:Eltham's Landing
305:
297:
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283:
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230:
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195:Fitz John Porter
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4177:Irish Americans
4155:
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4009:
4000:U.S. Home Guard
3940:Field artillery
3894:
3893:
3869:
3811:
3786:
3748:
3717:
3711:
3603:Civil War Trust
3570:
3564:
3452:Ethnic violence
3437:Kirk–Holden war
3316:
3277:
3254:
3188:
3046:
2990:
2843:
2818:
2772:
2525:
2512:
2343:
2324:Sherman's March
2304:Bermuda Hundred
2199:
2154:
2126:
2082:
2081:
2045:
2004:J. Sella Martin
1974:James G. Birney
1950:
1868:
1794:Bleeding Kansas
1782:
1765:
1754:
1749:
1702:Civil War Trust
1694:
1569:
1567:Further reading
1444:
1439:
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1212:
1206:
1199:
1195:Salmon, p. 107.
1194:
1190:
1186:
1145:Virginia portal
1143:
1138:
1136:
1129:
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1122:
1119:
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1074:
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1046:
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1030:
1023:
1014:
1011:
1002:
991:
982:
971:
950:
908:James A. Walker
836:Roberdeau Wheat
816:Jefferson Davis
781:Edwin V. Sumner
707:
702:
696:
691:
685:
680:
678:Opposing forces
656:Henry W. Slocum
594:
590:
588:
584:
540:
530:
522:Main articles:
520:
515:
405:
404:
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398:
382:White Oak Swamp
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4326:
4324:Women soldiers
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4279:Naming the war
4276:
4271:
4266:
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4260:
4259:
4249:
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3962:
3957:
3952:
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3927:
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3915:Campaign Medal
3912:
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3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3890:Related topics
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3868:
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3862:
3857:
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3618:Decoration Day
3615:
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3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3574:
3572:
3571:Reconstruction
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3513:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3481:
3480:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3425:second inquiry
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3389:
3382:Homestead Acts
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3330:Alabama Claims
3326:
3324:
3322:Reconstruction
3318:
3317:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3310:15th Amendment
3307:
3305:14th Amendment
3302:
3300:13th Amendment
3291:
3289:
3279:
3278:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3056:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2931:J. E. Johnston
2928:
2926:A. S. Johnston
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2866:R. H. Anderson
2862:
2860:
2853:
2845:
2844:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2728:South Carolina
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2703:North Carolina
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2529:
2527:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2428:Fredericksburg
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2368:Wilson's Creek
2365:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2210:
2208:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2180:Lower Seaboard
2177:
2172:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2103:
2101:
2092:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2055:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2047:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2036:Harriet Tubman
2033:
2032:
2031:
2024:Charles Sumner
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1960:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1878:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1866:
1861:
1859:States' rights
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1774:
1767:
1766:
1756:
1755:
1748:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1713:
1705:
1693:
1692:External links
1690:
1689:
1688:
1685:978-1594161490
1677:
1662:
1645:
1630:
1615:
1600:
1585:
1568:
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1563:
1558:
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1522:
1507:
1492:
1475:
1460:
1443:
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1419:
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1394:
1382:
1371:
1359:
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1341:
1332:
1323:
1314:
1305:
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1278:
1269:
1260:
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1165:
1160:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1134:
1118:
1115:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1065:
1063:
1057:An April 1865
1056:
1049:
1047:
1040:
1033:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1005:
1003:
992:
985:
983:
979:Civil war Talk
972:
965:
949:
946:
924:John Bell Hood
882:Alfred Iverson
832:Richard Taylor
825:Ewell's attack
706:
703:
695:
692:
684:
681:
679:
676:
612:Pamunkey River
589:
583:
573:Mechanicsville
519:
516:
514:
511:
400:
399:
397:
396:
395:
394:
389:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
347:
342:
337:
335:Drewry's Bluff
332:
327:
322:
317:
311:
308:
307:
300:
299:
292:
285:
277:
269:
268:
261:
253:
252:
248:
247:
244:
240:
239:
235:
234:
224:
213:
212:
211:Units involved
208:
207:
197:
177:
176:
172:
171:
159:
146:
145:
141:
140:
137:
136:
130:
126:
125:
90:
88:
84:
83:
73:
65:
64:
61:Alfred R. Waud
47:
46:
39:
38:
30:
29:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4444:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4394:
4392:
4377:
4373:
4369:
4367:
4359:
4358:
4355:
4341:
4338:
4337:
4335:
4331:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4294:Photographers
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4269:Gender issues
4267:
4265:
4262:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4250:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4222:
4220:
4216:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4158:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4107:
4103:
4097:
4096:War Democrats
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4086:Union Leagues
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4016:
4012:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3985:Turning point
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3955:Naval battles
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3889:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3820:
3818:
3814:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3793:
3783:
3780:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3755:
3751:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3720:
3718:and memorials
3714:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3579:
3578:Commemoration
3576:
3575:
3573:
3567:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3527:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3482:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3420:first inquiry
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3401:
3398:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3340:Carpetbaggers
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3319:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3273:
3269:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3057:
3053:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2837:
2833:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2763:West Virginia
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2683:New Hampshire
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2643:Massachusetts
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2522:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2383:Hampton Roads
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2373:Fort Donelson
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2346:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2269:Morgan's Raid
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2214:Anaconda Plan
2212:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2202:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2190:Pacific Coast
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2077:
2074:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1953:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1924:Positive good
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1839:Panic of 1857
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1799:Border states
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1784:
1779:
1776:
1775:
1772:
1768:
1761:
1757:
1753:
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917:Cadmus Wilcox
914:
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4235:Bibliography
4218:Other topics
4160:By ethnicity
4128:
4081:Trent Affair
3980:Signal Corps
3837:
3560:White League
3447:Ku Klux Klan
3360:Confederados
3287:Constitution
3159:D. D. Porter
3012:Breckinridge
2723:Rhode Island
2718:Pennsylvania
2473:Spotsylvania
2433:Stones River
2413:2nd Bull Run
2363:1st Bull Run
2249:Stones River
2150:Marine Corps
2117:Marine Corps
1956:Abolitionism
1943:
1896:
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1429:Gaines' Mill
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773:
765:5th New York
748:Hiram Berdan
736:
724:George Sykes
716:
668:
652:George Sykes
641:
617:
597:
541:
487:
412:
408:
406:
392:Malvern Hill
367:Gaines' Mill
366:
349:
325:Williamsburg
263:
256:
144:Belligerents
56:
42:Part of the
4041:Copperheads
3753:Confederate
3645:Black Codes
2971:E. K. Smith
2852:Confederate
2799:New Orleans
2794:Chattanooga
2658:Mississippi
2558:Connecticut
2526:territories
2517:Involvement
2478:Cold Harbor
2468:Fort Pillow
2458:Chattanooga
2453:Chickamauga
2403:Seven Pines
2393:New Orleans
2358:Fort Sumter
2299:Valley 1864
2132:Confederacy
1929:Slave Power
1909:Fire-Eaters
1059:John Reekie
1043:John Reekie
1027:John Reekie
995:John Reekie
975:John Reekie
913:Roger Pryor
809:Eppa Hunton
793:Alfred Waud
740:Maxcy Gregg
694:Confederate
608:White House
593: Union
503:James River
440:Confederate
345:Seven Pines
133:Confederate
116: /
4391:Categories
4274:Juneteenth
3795:Cemeteries
3672:Red Shirts
3583:Centennial
3533:Red Shirts
2941:Longstreet
2871:Beauregard
2814:Winchester
2789:Charleston
2758:Washington
2693:New Mexico
2688:New Jersey
2548:California
2524:States and
2508:Five Forks
2493:Mobile Bay
2463:Wilderness
2443:Gettysburg
2423:Perryville
2408:Seven Days
2339:Appomattox
2264:Gettysburg
2224:New Mexico
2091:Combatants
2066:Combatants
1979:John Brown
1545:. Vol. 1,
1442:References
1045:photograph
886:Gettysburg
629:Charleston
513:Background
456:Brig. Gen.
448:Union Army
104:77°17′14″W
101:37°34′44″N
79:1862-06-27
4252:Espionage
4046:Diplomacy
4014:Political
3970:POW camps
3716:Monuments
3543:Scalawags
3538:Redeemers
3276:Aftermath
3225:Pinkerton
3164:Rosecrans
3129:McClellan
3032:Memminger
2768:Wisconsin
2733:Tennessee
2653:Minnesota
2628:Louisiana
2503:Nashville
2448:Vicksburg
2378:Pea Ridge
2329:Carolinas
2284:Red River
2279:Knoxville
2259:Tullahoma
2254:Vicksburg
2234:Peninsula
2206:campaigns
2072:Campaigns
1849:Secession
948:Aftermath
569:D.H. Hill
561:A.P. Hill
471:A.P. Hill
468:Maj. Gen.
454:. There,
357:Oak Grove
4366:Category
4207:Seminole
4197:Cherokee
3950:Medicine
3903:Military
3816:Veterans
3650:Jim Crow
3415:timeline
3210:Ericsson
3193:Civilian
3174:Sheridan
3134:McDowell
3094:Farragut
3079:Burnside
3069:Anderson
3062:Military
3042:Stephens
3002:Benjamin
2995:Civilian
2881:Buchanan
2859:Military
2804:Richmond
2753:Virginia
2698:New York
2673:Nebraska
2663:Missouri
2648:Michigan
2638:Maryland
2623:Kentucky
2598:Illinois
2573:Delaware
2553:Colorado
2538:Arkansas
2498:Franklin
2418:Antietam
2289:Overland
2244:Maryland
2163:Theaters
2069:Theaters
1117:See also
1105:and the
853:chaplain
777:chasseur
720:regulars
664:VI Corps
633:Savannah
499:Richmond
483:VI Corps
442:General
387:Glendale
320:Yorktown
238:Strength
87:Location
4333:Related
4202:Choctaw
4192:Catawba
3975:Rations
3920:Cavalry
3782:Removal
3410:efforts
3394:of 1873
3240:Stevens
3235:Stanton
3220:Lincoln
3179:Sherman
3114:Halleck
3104:Frémont
3089:Du Pont
3027:Mallory
2986:Wheeler
2921:Jackson
2901:Forrest
2841:Leaders
2784:Atlanta
2748:Vermont
2668:Montana
2608:Indiana
2583:Georgia
2578:Florida
2543:Arizona
2533:Alabama
2483:Atlanta
2398:Corinth
2350:battles
2294:Atlanta
2274:Bristoe
2175:Western
2170:Eastern
2075:Battles
1874:Slavery
1778:Origins
1764:Origins
1597:5890637
898:Elzey's
763:of the
761:Zouaves
610:on the
463:V Corps
430:of the
425:Union's
135:victory
77: (
4376:Portal
4314:Tokens
3250:Welles
3230:Seward
3215:Hamlin
3184:Thomas
3119:Hooker
3084:Butler
3037:Seddon
3022:Hunter
3007:Bocock
2981:Taylor
2976:Stuart
2966:Semmes
2946:Morgan
2906:Gorgas
2886:Cooper
2777:Cities
2713:Oregon
2678:Nevada
2618:Kansas
2588:Hawaii
2488:Crater
2388:Shiloh
2348:Major
2334:Mobile
2204:Major
2078:States
2029:Caning
1683:
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1625:
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1487:
1470:
1455:
1208:sides.
705:Battle
591:
585:
567:, and
246:57,018
243:34,214
129:Result
4119:Dixie
4106:Music
3725:Union
3569:Post-
3405:trial
3205:Chase
3200:Adams
3169:Scott
3144:Meigs
3139:Meade
3109:Grant
3099:Foote
3074:Buell
3055:Union
3017:Davis
2961:Price
2951:Mosby
2896:Ewell
2891:Early
2876:Bragg
2738:Texas
2633:Maine
2593:Idaho
2099:Union
1184:Notes
683:Union
264:7,993
257:7,337
4304:Salt
3910:Arms
3760:List
3732:List
3245:Wade
3154:Pope
3124:Hunt
2956:Polk
2916:Hood
2911:Hill
2743:Utah
2708:Ohio
2613:Iowa
2145:Navy
2140:Army
2112:Navy
2107:Army
1681:ISBN
1670:ISBN
1655:ISBN
1638:ISBN
1623:ISBN
1608:ISBN
1593:OCLC
1578:ISBN
1551:ISBN
1532:ISBN
1515:ISBN
1500:ISBN
1485:ISBN
1468:ISBN
1453:ISBN
1435:page
935:and
915:and
863:and
742:and
631:and
536:and
526:and
407:The
72:Date
3149:Ord
2936:Lee
926:'s
750:'s
662:'s
461:'s
4393::
1431:,
1213:^
1200:^
575:.
563:,
485:.
1744:e
1737:t
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1704:)
1687:.
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1557:.
1538:.
1521:.
1506:.
1491:.
1474:.
1459:.
1001:.
981:.
296:e
289:t
282:v
81:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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