130:
112:
446:
39:
1144:
429:, were concentrated near Bull Run Creek, with detachments spread north of the creek to observe the Union troops. When McDowell started his advance from Washington, the Confederate detachments slowly retreated and rejoined the main body. Beauregard expected to be attacked either on the 18th or the 19th near Mitchell's Ford; meanwhile, he continued to ask for reinforcements, especially from
541:, withdrew his two howitzers from the field. During the exchange, Union cannons fired an estimated 415 shots, and the Confederate cannons fired an estimated 310. Tyler realized that the Confederates had a strong force at the ford, and ordered the rest of his infantry to withdraw. After Richardson's brigade had completed its withdrawal, a second of Tyler's brigades commanded by
580:
on July 21. The resulting battle ended in a defeat for McDowell's Union army, although the
Confederates were in too much of disarray to provide a strong pursuit. Both Longstreet and Early later claimed that Blackburn's Ford "went a long way towards winning the victory of the 21st, for it gave our
536:
regiments of
Longstreet's brigade. Tyler ordered Ayres to move his guns closer to the action, accompanied by cavalry, and he sent the rest of Richardson's brigade toward the ford. The 12th New York Infantry began to retreat under heavy fire, exposing the rest of Richardson's line, particularly the
507:
towards the
Confederate line. The Massachusetts regiment wore gray uniforms instead of the standard Union blue, which caused initial confusion, as the Confederates were also clad in gray. After the 1st Massachusetts, Richardson deployed the
575:
The failed reconnaissance-in-force at
Blackburn's Ford led McDowell to decide against a frontal assault along Bull Run Creek. He decided to attempt to cross the stream beyond the Confederate left flank, the maneuver he employed at the
358:, the Union troops attempted to cross but Confederate fire broke up the attack. The repulse at Blackburn's Ford led McDowell to seek to attack the Confederates at a different point along their line, leading to the
818:
556:'s house. The availability of this additional firepower completed the Confederate victory, and a reinforced Washington Artillery kept the Union troops under fire as they retreated. Col.
1077:
1468:
468:, arriving at the latter about 11 a.m. Looking south across the stream, Tyler believed that the road to Manassas Junction was mostly clear, but he failed to see the Confederate
591:
Today, the site of the skirmish is marked with an interpretive marker set by the
Virginia Civil War Trails organization. The marker is located at the site of the old ford.
1026:
1478:
1473:
228:
1488:
1070:
509:
1458:
1063:
1397:
464:'s troops in particular were reported to have retreated in the direction of Blackburn's Ford. Tyler then marched southeast to Mitchell's Ford and
504:
221:
564:, later a Confederate brigadier general, received a severe head wound in the skirmish and was incapacitated for further field service.
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521:
1215:
1184:
396:
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1327:
819:"The forgotten graves of soldiers killed 157 years ago, during the oppressively hot Battle of Blackburn's Ford"
581:
troops confidence in themselves". Two Union soldiers, both from the 12th New York, would later be awarded the
1332:
380:
327:
303:
135:
121:
92:
873:
272:
1463:
1133:
319:
262:
552:
arrived with his
Confederate brigade after marching two miles north from Beauregard's headquarters at
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1128:
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416:
347:
257:
77:
1392:
1387:
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1260:
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1123:
577:
359:
282:
1255:
567:
Tyler's Union division suffered 83 casualties in the action, while the
Confederates lost 68 men.
493:
267:
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1205:
533:
529:
1200:
1163:
1108:
561:
525:
457:
1357:
1342:
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In June 1994, bodies from the 1st
Massachusetts Infantry were found and later re-interred.
497:
489:
160:
445:
8:
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1179:
1103:
481:
465:
426:
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339:
73:
43:
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1311:
984:
545:
arrived on the field, although
Sherman's brigade was only subjected to light shelling.
542:
537:
1st
Massachusetts, to Confederate fire. Ayres, his battery having used up much of its
460:
and was informed by local residents that the Confederates had retreated from the town.
430:
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30:
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to bombard the Confederates he could see—guns of the Alexandria Artillery and the
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38:
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on July 17; the next day, McDowell ordered division commander Brig. Gen.
173:
1367:
538:
377:
1085:
1352:
477:
206:
307:
81:
469:
492:—but the fire had no visible effect. As a result, Tyler ordered
449:
Map of Blackburn's Ford Battlefield core and study areas by the
419:
and to "keep up the impression that we are moving on Manassas".
399:, which was concentrated around the vital railroad junction at
524:
regiments. The Union advance met initial resistance from the
941:. Woodstock, Vermont: The Countryman Press. p. 303.
738:
1469:
Battles of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War
774:
750:
726:
654:
422:
The Confederates, about 22,000 men under the command of
786:
714:
690:
678:
666:
476:
concealed in the woods behind the ford. He ordered two
642:
605:
603:
330:
was marching south towards the Confederate capital of
958:
Historical Times Illustrated History of the Civil War
918:
Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders
798:
762:
829:
346:'s division to probe the Confederate defenses along
981:
702:
600:
1086:Fairfax County, Virginia in the American Civil War
983:
915:
1007:The Official Virginia Civil War Battlefield Guide
956:Wert, Jeffry D.; Moore, Patrick Theodore (1986).
922:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
880:. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
1450:
1479:Prince William County in the American Civil War
1474:Confederate victories of the American Civil War
1489:Battles of the American Civil War in Virginia
1398:St. Mary's Church (Fairfax Station, Virginia)
1071:
222:
990:(2 ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co.
1078:
1064:
229:
215:
37:
1408:William Gunnell House (Fairfax, Virginia)
1236:45th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment
1119:Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1863)
1114:Battle of Fairfax Court House (June 1861)
955:
858:. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic.
756:
1459:Fairfax County in the American Civil War
1241:16th Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry
1231:3rd Michigan Volunteer Infantry Regiment
897:Donnybrook: The Battle of Bull Run, 1861
444:
816:
585:for their actions at Blackburn's Ford.
451:American Battlefield Protection Program
302:) took place on July 18, 1861, in the
1451:
1009:. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books.
1004:
939:The Complete Civil War Road Trip Guide
913:
894:
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503:Richardson sent out a portion of the
236:
210:
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391:, 35,000 strong, marched out of the
13:
1216:43rd Battalion of Virginia Cavalry
975:
628:"The Skirmish at Blackburn's Ford"
615:
403:. Moving slowly, the army reached
334:, and encountered the Confederate
14:
1505:
982:Kennedy, Frances H., ed. (1998).
500:and part of his brigade forward.
395:, defenses to give battle to the
1142:
128:
110:
16:Battle of the American Civil War
986:The Civil War Battlefield Guide
397:Confederate Army of the Potomac
350:to locate the Confederate left
1373:Oak Hill (Annandale, Virginia)
1328:Clarens (Alexandria, Virginia)
960:. New York: Harper & Row.
456:On July 18, Tyler advanced to
376:On July 16, 1861, the untried
1:
1333:Centreville Military Railroad
844:
817:Ambrose, Kevin (2018-07-19).
381:Army of Northeastern Virginia
365:
342:. McDowell sent troops from
328:Army of Northeastern Virginia
122:Army of Northeastern Virginia
570:
300:Skirmish at Blackburn's Ford
7:
899:. New York: Harcourt, Inc.
10:
1510:
1134:Battle of Vienna, Virginia
1099:Battle of Blackburn's Ford
505:1st Massachusetts Infantry
369:
296:Battle of Blackburn's Ford
24:Battle of Blackburn's Ford
1320:
1269:
1225:Jeff Davis Cavalry Legion
1193:
1172:
1151:
1140:
1129:Second Battle of Bull Run
1091:
440:
248:
192:
179:
146:
103:
49:
36:
28:
23:
1393:Ravensworth (plantation)
1388:Ox Hill Battlefield Park
1383:Ossian Hall (plantation)
1261:Union Army Balloon Corps
1246:First New Jersey Brigade
1124:First Battle of Bull Run
1005:Salmon, John S. (2001).
914:Warner, Ezra J. (1959).
594:
578:First Battle of Bull Run
360:First Battle of Bull Run
1256:XXII Corps (Union Army)
937:Weeks, Michael (2009).
630:. National Park Service
57:July 18, 1861
1206:17th Virginia Infantry
895:Detzer, David (2004).
534:17th Virginia Infantry
530:11th Virginia Infantry
522:12th New York Infantry
453:
147:Commanders and leaders
1201:8th Virginia Infantry
1109:Battle of Dranesville
1042:38.80417°N 77.44917°W
757:Wert & Moore 1986
562:1st Virginia Infantry
526:1st Virginia Infantry
518:3rd Michigan Infantry
514:2nd Michigan Infantry
510:1st Michigan Infantry
448:
338:under the command of
193:Casualties and losses
1358:Huntley (plantation)
1343:Fort Lyon (Virginia)
1211:1st Virginia Cavalry
1180:Burke's Station Raid
498:Israel B. Richardson
490:Washington Artillery
161:Israel B. Richardson
1433:Bailey's Crossroads
1251:2nd Vermont Brigade
1104:Battle of Chantilly
1047:38.80417; -77.44917
1038: /
783:, pp. 152–153.
747:, pp. 219–220.
735:, pp. 122–123.
723:, pp. 116–118.
699:, pp. 113–115.
687:, pp. 112–113.
675:, pp. 108–111.
663:, pp. 149–151.
405:Fairfax Court House
340:P. G. T. Beauregard
336:Army of the Potomac
298:(also known as the
253:Fairfax Court House
140:Army of the Potomac
1312:Edwin H. Stoughton
878:Battle at Bull Run
651:, pp. 91–100.
543:William T. Sherman
454:
431:Joseph E. Johnston
362:three days later.
316:American Civil War
31:American Civil War
1464:Manassas campaign
1446:
1445:
1159:Bog Wallow Ambush
967:978-0-06-273116-6
948:978-0-88150-860-4
874:Davis, William C.
865:978-1-4262-0093-9
795:, pp. 57–59.
435:Shenandoah Valley
427:P.G.T. Beauregard
385:Brigadier General
372:Manassas campaign
312:Manassas campaign
310:, as part of the
291:
290:
240:Manassas campaign
205:
204:
166:P.G.T. Beauregard
136:CSA (Confederacy)
99:
98:
1501:
1494:July 1861 events
1484:1861 in Virginia
1297:John Quincy Marr
1282:Michael Corcoran
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852:Bearss, Edwin C.
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558:Patrick T. Moore
474:James Longstreet
466:Blackburn's Ford
393:Washington, D.C.
356:Blackburn's Ford
278:Blackburn's Ford
243:
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170:James Longstreet
134:
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1438:Wolf Run Shoals
1403:Taylor's Tavern
1348:Fort Marcy Park
1338:Colvin Run Mill
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1307:Laura Ratcliffe
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1221:Georgia Hussars
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976:Further reading
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856:Fields of Honor
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486:Romeyn B. Ayres
462:Milledge Bonham
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433:'s army in the
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258:Arlington Mills
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838:, p. 303.
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612:, p. 130.
598:
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583:Medal of Honor
572:
569:
550:Jubal A. Early
472:of Brig. Gen.
442:
439:
417:Bull Run Creek
411:to look for a
389:Irvin McDowell
370:Main article:
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348:Bull Run Creek
324:Irvin McDowell
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1428:Upton's Hill
1418:Minor's Hill
1413:Mason's Hill
1378:Okeley Manor
1287:Antonia Ford
1277:Clara Barton
1227:, Company F)
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632:. Retrieved
590:
587:
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547:
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455:
421:
409:Daniel Tyler
375:
344:Daniel Tyler
299:
295:
293:
283:1st Bull Run
277:
157:Daniel Tyler
104:Belligerents
29:Part of the
18:
1164:Lewinsville
1045: /
805:Detzer 2004
793:Bearss 2006
769:Detzer 2004
745:Warner 1959
661:Detzer 2004
458:Centreville
304:Confederate
273:Bunker Hill
174:Jubal Early
93:Confederate
1453:Categories
1368:Merrybrook
1152:Skirmishes
1033:77°26′57″W
1030:38°48′15″N
845:References
836:Weeks 2009
781:Davis 1977
733:Davis 1977
721:Davis 1977
709:Davis 1977
697:Davis 1977
685:Davis 1977
673:Davis 1977
649:Davis 1977
610:Davis 1977
539:ammunition
424:Brig. Gen.
366:Background
268:Hoke's Run
61:1861-07-18
1353:Hope Park
571:Aftermath
478:howitzers
306:state of
876:(1977).
854:(2006).
634:30 March
484:(Capt.)
401:Manassas
332:Richmond
322:general
308:Virginia
180:Strength
82:Virginia
69:Location
1223:(later
1092:Battles
560:of the
496:(Col.)
494:Colonel
482:Captain
470:brigade
415:across
314:of the
95:victory
59: (
1270:People
1013:
994:
964:
945:
926:
903:
884:
862:
532:, and
520:, and
480:under
441:Battle
383:under
263:Vienna
133:
115:
89:Result
76:along
1321:Sites
1194:Units
1173:Raids
595:Notes
548:Col.
378:Union
354:. At
352:flank
320:Union
188:5,100
185:3,000
1011:ISBN
992:ISBN
962:ISBN
943:ISBN
924:ISBN
901:ISBN
882:ISBN
860:ISBN
636:2020
294:The
54:Date
326:'s
80:in
1455::
821:.
617:^
602:^
528:,
516:,
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437:.
318:.
201:68
198:83
1079:e
1072:t
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230:e
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